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Digital technology significantly impacts children's concentration. While educational apps and structured media positively influence cognitive development, learning motivation, memory, and problem-solving skills, excessive, uncontrolled use leads to negative effects. These include decreased concentration, language development issues, and dependence on devices, hindering creativity and independence. Rapid, responsive technological interactions accustom children to instant stimuli, making sustained attention difficult. Intense screen exposure can cause impulsivity, distractibility, and reduced focus. Therefore, adaptive and technology-aware parenting is crucial. Parental supervision, balanced integration, and time limits on device usage are essential to maximize benefits and minimize adverse effects on children's concentration and overall development    

This study aimed to examine and comprehend the cognitive development of young children, particularly those between the ages of five and six, at Tk Cerdas Ceria. Direct observation of the children's activities and learning process at Tk Cerdas Ceria was used in this study. Teachers' interviews and field reports were used to gather data. The findings demonstrated that children between the ages of 5 and 6 had substantial cognitive development, as seen by improved language use, problem-solving, and logical thinking abilities. Youngsters started to solve basic problems, comprehend cause-and-effect relationships, and classify items. An engaging learning environment, a range of varied learning activities, and the active involvement of parents and instructors all have an impact on this.

This research aims to analyze the tolerance abilities of young children, especially those aged 5-6 years, by focusing their tolerance abilities. Early childhood, who are aged 0-6 years, experience rapid physical, cognitive, social emotional, and language growth. This research was conducted to understand indicators of tolerance, such as respect, peace, and empathy. This research was conducted on children aged 5-6 years at the Damhil Kindergarten school. This research used a qualitative descriptive method with data collection, interviews, and documentary studies. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis techniques to explore in-depth information regarding the social development of early childhood. The results of the research show that children aged 5-6 years are starting to show the ability to tolerate through sharing, cooperation, and respect for differences. This ability is formed through daily learning and interaction with the social environment. This research offers a solution in the form of an educational approach based on play activities that can improve the social skills and tolerance of young children the social skills and tolerance of young children, thus supporting the formation of an inclusive and harmonious society in the future.

This article aims to examine the role of picture books in enhancing language skills in early childhood from the perspective of children's literature studies. Picture books are considered an effective medium in supporting children's language development because they combine visual and narrative elements that enrich the child's learning experience. Through picture books, children can not only develop vocabulary but also understand language structure, improve listening and speaking skills, and stimulate their imagination. This indicates that engaging and educational picture books can enhance children's language skills, particularly in word recognition, sentence development, and storytelling abilities. Therefore, picture books are a highly beneficial tool in improving language skills in early childhood and should be considered in early childhood education curricula.    

The purpose of this study was to determine the receptive language ability of children aged (5-6) years in the Pembina State Kindergarten, Kota Tengah District, Gorontalo City. The researcher conducted a qualitative research method discussing the receptive language ability of children aged (5-6) years. The subjects of this study were three children and one teacher of the Pembina State Kindergarten. Data were collected through interviews and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study conducted at the Pembina State Kindergarten, Kota Tengah District, Gorontalo City aimed to see a child's ability to understand and process language received from others. The research activities were carried out for approximately 1 month. In writing this thesis, the author aims to describe the receptive language ability of children aged 5-6 years. The importance of optimizing aspects of child development including aspects of language development from an early age considering that at that time the child's brain is at an unlimited potential to be developed, children must be given the opportunity to develop their abilities with various fun learning activities.

The problem behind this research is that the language skills of children aged 5-6 years in Class B of the tulip group at RA Rahmah El-Yunusiyyah Padang Panjang have not developed, such as children who have not been able to compose simple sentences in a complete structure, children have not been able to understand the rules in a game. Based on this, researchers try to apply spin board media in the hope that it can improve children's language skills well. This study aims to improve the language skills of children aged 5-6 years through spin board media. Spin board as an interactive learning media, designed to facilitate the development of children's language skills through fun and educational games. The study used a classroom action research method with a sample of 12 children in class B of the Tulip group of RA Rahmah El-yunusiyyah Padang Panjang. Data was collected through observation, documentation and research. The results of this study indicate that the improvement of children's language skills through spin board media has increased. This can be seen from before taking action, where from pre-research the number of scores achieved by children is only 26%. Then the researchers took action for 2 cycles, where in each cycle there were 3 meetings. The first meeting in cycle I the score obtained by the child through the spin board media was 27%, then at the second meeting of cycle I increased to 30% and at the third meeting in cycle I the score achieved by the child through the spin board media was 48%. This shows that every meeting the scores achieved by children always increase, but have not met the ideal score standard of 72%. Therefore, researchers continued to cycle II. The score at the first meeting in cycle II was 50% then experienced an increase in the second meeting of 55% and continued the third meeting of cycle II experienced an increase in children's learning process using spin board media of 80%. From each cycle carried out, it can be concluded that this research was successful.

Pediatric cancer is a serious global health problem. Children with cancer often have difficulty managing emotions such as anxiety, sadness and anger. This study aims to improve the ability of children with cancer to recognize, express and manage their emotions through a psychoeducational program. Through this intervention, children are expected to develop more effective coping skills and improve their quality of life. The psychoeducation program will focus on emotion recognition through facial expressions, body language, and emotion-related vocabulary. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more comprehensive psychological interventions for children with cancer.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of interactive learning approaches in developing explanation skills in early childhood. Explanation skills are an important aspect in children's language, cognitive, and communication development, which supports critical thinking skills and effective social relationships. Although important, these skills are still relatively low in early childhood in Indonesia, largely due to less supportive learning methods. Interactive learning approaches involving games, stories, and discussions have been identified as a solution to improve these skills. This study used a quasi-experimental design with two groups of subjects, namely the experimental group given interactive learning interventions and the control group using conventional methods. Data were analyzed using a t-test to compare the pretest and posttest results between the two groups. The results showed that the interactive learning approach significantly improved early childhood skills. This study suggests the need for ongoing training for teachers and collaboration between schools and families to support the implementation of more effective and relevant learning. These findings are expected to contribute to the development of innovative learning strategies in early childhood education.

Speech delays are a developmental challenge often experienced by young children, which can affect their communication skills and social aspects. This research aims to explore the effectiveness of applying visual and audio media in improving the language skills of young children who experience speech delays. The visual media used are picture flashcards, interactive videos and picture story books, while the audio media is children's music, voice recordings and regional songs. This research was conducted at a language therapy center in Indonesia with a case study approach on 10 children aged 3–5 years. The research results show that the combination of visual and audio media can significantly increase children's attention, vocabulary understanding and speaking abilities. The use of local culture-based media such as regional songs also has a positive impact by creating a sense of relevance and emotional closeness. In addition, active involvement of parents in this process increases the success of the intervention. This research recommends consistent application of visual and audio media as part of local context-based therapy to support the language development of children with speech delays. 

This study aims to identify the dominant factor of the use of Indonesian rather than their own regional language and the role of parents in the language development of 4-year-old children. The increasing use of gadgets among all ages has had many influences on children, one of the 4-year-old children who has been studied, named Mufidah, tends to use Indonesian rather than Banjarese, this is a factor in the use of gadgets given by her parents. This study uses a qualitative approach, a research method that focuses on in-depth observation to understand a phenomenon or social symptom. The techniques used in data collection are by analyzing various sources, recording, and interviews. The results of the study show that although the use of Indonesian is more dominant than Banjarese, the role of parents must be active in minimizing the use of gadgets for children by limiting time and also supervising the selection of videos watched. With the active role of parents, it will certainly have a positive impact on children in the use of gadgets and vice versa if parents do not supervise their children when they use gadgets, it will have a negative impact on children.

Language acquisition is one of the main focuses of parents in monitoring children's development. Language acquisition has been the subject of study by linguists from the past to the present. First language acquisition is the process of language acquisition and development that occurs naturally. The purpose of this study is to find out more about children's language acquisition and analyze the extent of their language acquisition. The subject is Muhammad Rayan who is 3 years and 10 months old, the child is in an environment that often uses Banjar language. So that the data obtained also uses Banjar language. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. Data collection is done by recording techniques, direct interaction and recording the data obtained. From the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that there are three very important aspects in children's language acquisition, namely phonological, syntactic and semantic aspects. This is done to determine the extent of a child's language development. Based on the researcher's analysis, children aged 3 years and 10 months can already pronounce vowel and consonant phonemes. Although there are some mistakes in pronunciation. In addition, in the syntactic aspect, children can pronounce words in short sentences with various types, such as statement, question and command sentences. In the semantic aspect, children are able to distinguish words and their use in each speech..

Advances in information and communication technology, including the use of gadgets, have affected various aspects of life, including language development in early childhood. This study aims to analyze the effect of gadget use on children's language development, especially early childhood who experience speech delays. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, using in-depth interviews with parents and children as a data collection technique. The results showed that excessive use of gadgets without supervision can inhibit children's verbal interaction, reduce stimulation from the social environment, and have an impact on speech delay. Other factors, such as lack of direct interaction with parents and excessive sugar consumption, also worsen children's language development. However, with learning strategies based on direct interaction and controlled utilization of devices as learning media, children's language development can be improved. This study emphasizes the importance of parents' role in providing assistance and limiting the use of devices. The results of this study provide insights for parents, educators, and researchers to better understand the impact of technology on children's development and the importance of appropriate stimulation in supporting children's language skills.

We sought to investigate how families in Jorong Balai Panjang Nagari Saniang Baka, X Koto Singkarak District, Solok Regency, teach moral principles to their children. The author is interested in studying the role of parents in developing morals in children in the family environment at Jorong Balai Panjang Nagari Saniang Baka because they want to know about the younger generation who reflect superior ethics (morals). This research highlights several aspects of the depth of information collected from interviews and uses qualitative methods supported by field observation techniques. In District The leader or head of the jorong and friends act as informants to support the research. According to research, parents have a significant influence on the development of their children's moral principles (morals). This research highlights the important role of parents in shaping children's moral character in the family context. Parents play a number of roles, including modeling appropriate language and accent when speaking to their children, influencing their behavior and relationships, being role models and motivators, and teaching their children about religion. If these roles are fulfilled, it is likely that the offspring will have good morals. There are many things that are difficult for parents to regulate regarding children's behavior, such as contact with people outside the household, cell phone use, and the games they play. All of these obstacles lie within the child himself. If the child is willing to change and is willing to listen to the words of advice from his parents then these obstacles can be overcome.

Early childhood, commonly referred to as AUD (Anak Usia Dini), is the period from birth to six years old, which is crucial for the development of character and personality. At this stage, support from both parents and teachers is essential to help optimize children's potential according to their characteristics. One important aspect of early childhood development is language skills, which include listening, speaking, writing, and reading. Reading is a fundamental ability, as it serves as the foundation for developing other skills. In kindergarten-aged children, reading ability is known as emergent or beginning reading.This research aims to improve the beginning reading skills of children at PAUD Imanuel Maubele through the use of picture word card media. The research employs a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach following the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which consists of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages, implemented in two cycles. The study involved 24 children aged 5-6 years, consisting of 14 girls and 10 boys. Data were collected using observation sheets.The pre-action observations showed that the children's beginning reading skills were still low, with an average achievement of only 42.59%. After implementing the first cycle, the average increased to 68.34%, with two children reaching the class success indicators. In the second cycle, the results showed a significant improvement, with an average achievement of 95.57%. These findings indicate that using picture word card media can effectively enhance the beginning reading abilities of early childhood students at PAUD Imanuel Maubele.

This study examines pitch variations in English sentences spoken by two non-native children from Ethiopia and Somalia, using. The research focuses on declarative, imperative, and interrogative sentence types, analyzing pitch frequency across these sentence forms. The participants were a 5-year-old Ethiopian boy and a 9-year-old Somalian boy, were recorded, and their pitch data were analyzed for beginning, highest, lowest, and final frequencies. The results indicate that the Somalian boy exhibited greater pitch variation, particularly in declarative sentences, while the Ethiopian boy demonstrated more consistency. In imperative sentences, the Ethiopian boy showed slightly wider variation, while in interrogative sentences, the Somalian boy ended with a higher pitch. The differences in pitch usage suggest influences from age, language background, and individual speaking habits. This research contributes to understanding pitch use in young multilingual English learners and their linguistic development.

This research aims to explore the implementation of an English extracurricular program as an initial foreign language for children aged 4-5 years at TK Muslimat NU 200 Kureksari. Through this program, it is expected that children can be introduced to English in a fun, interactive, and developmentally appropriate manner. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of the research show that the English extracurricular program is capable of improving children's language skills, although several challenges in its implementation remain, especially related to teaching methods and limited time.

This research aims to develop a new learning media called "Malo Maretong" which can improve the numeracy skills of children aged 5-6 years. This research uses research and development (R&D) methods by applying the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model. There are five steps in this development, but researchers focus on the first four: analysis, design, development, and implementation. This research involves literature study, validation by experts, as well as product evaluation and revision. Data was collected through questionnaires conducted by media experts, language experts and early childhood experts. Malo Maretong was successfully developed as an effective learning medium to improve the numeracy skills of children aged 5-6 years. The assessment from media experts received an average of 3.9 with a feasibility percentage of 97% and a "very feasible" category. The assessment from linguists received an average of 3.2 with an eligibility percentage of 80% and the "decent" category. The assessment from early childhood experts received an average of 3.2 with a feasibility percentage of 80% and the "decent" category. The validation results showed a very positive assessment from experts with a high average rating and a "very feasible" category. After validation by experts, product revisions and small-scale trials were carried out. The results of the small-scale trial showed an average assessment of 3.7 with a feasibility percentage of 93% and a "very feasible" category. This research makes an important contribution to the development of learning media that suits the needs and characteristics of early childhood, and provides strong recommendations for the implementation of Malo Maretong in the learning context of children aged 5-6 years.

This research aims to find out how language development is delayed in children and the factors that hinder language development and support language development in children aged 5-6 years at Abizar Al Hafiz IT Kindergarten. This research uses a qualitative approach research methodology with a case study approach. This approach is carried out holistically, by explaining phenomena through words and language. The location of this research is at the Abizar Al Hafiz IT Kindergarten which is located in Terutung Payung Hilir Village, Bambel District, Southeast Aceh Regency. The time of this research is from July 2024 to August 2024, the data source in this research is the subject, there are 2 students and the object of this research is observing the language development of children who experience delays in children at the Abizar Al Hafiz IT Kindergarten. As well as teachers and parents of children who live in that place. The researcher's data collection process used observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research revealed that young children with delays in language development find it difficult to communicate and mingle with other people, are less responsive when asked to communicate, pronounce words that are unclear or unclear, and have a very limited vocabulary. As well as factors that have the potential to cause delays in language development in children, namely the lack of children who are always given gadgets, the absence of peers to play with, the use of languages ​​other than Indonesian, the child's health history, and the lack of parental presence in the child's life.

Community service activities at the Dharma Jati II Orphanage are communicative English language assistance that emphasizes speaking skills. The problem that arises in partners is that there is no English language training and development provided by the orphanage. The desire of the orphanage administrators in improving children's English skills, especially in speaking, is very large considering the importance of mastering English as an international language in this era of globalization. The purpose of this community service is to provide English language assistance to orphanage children so that they are able to improve their English skills, especially in speaking. The method used goes through three stages, namely the preparation stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. The results obtained from the assistance are a good method to use is role playing with occasionally slipping games that are fun for the orphanage children. In the future, this activity will be carried out more often to help orphanage children improve their English language skills, not only speaking skills, but also in 3 other English language skills, such as reading, writing, and listening.

e lack of public knowledge of the accounting profession. Even though as long as the business world and offices still exist, the ability and skills in accounting are still needed. The accountant profession is a problem not only because of technological developments but also because of the lack of socialization and promotion related to the output of accounting majors, so that students experience confusion in determining their interests and expected profession. In the digital era, there are concerns that the accounting profession may no longer be needed in the business world. This opinion is based on the perception that more affordable, fast, and accurate accounting software can replace the role of accountants, causing challenges for this profession. Therefore, the socialization of the accounting profession can be used as an opportunity from the threats that will be faced in the future. Socialization is given in the form of lectures, questions and answers and discussions from discussions that are carried out one day considering the busy learning of XII grade vocational students. The results of this socialization were that the participants were very enthusiastic about the material presented because the speakers delivered the material with light language adapted to today's gen Z children, participants could listen to the material well and followed by a question and answer session. The final evaluation was a positive response and good enthusiasm from the students of SMK Muhammadiyah 9 Jakarta along with the teachers of the socialization.