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Students' understanding of the linguistic principles that govern procedural texts, lack of teacher interest, and ineffective implementation of learning strategies were the impetus for conducting this research. The aim of this research is to provide an overview to class This research uses a quantitative research approach, more specifically a pre-test posttest control group design. Pre-test and post-test evaluations were carried out on both groups. The research sample consisted of 62 students, consisting of 30 class XI.B students as the experimental group and 32 class XI.C students as the control group. This research uses various data acquisition methods, such as documentation, written assessment, and observation. The t-test with paired sample significance levels was implemented in the SPSS version 22 computer program as part of the data analysis method. The results of the t-test carried out at a significance level of 0.05 show that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected. Regarding procedure texts, the Student Facilitator and Explain methodology has a big influence on the writing ability of MA Subullusalam Sriwangi class XI students.

Moral education today is very worrying and declining. Many behaviors violate immorality, causing chaos for oneself and public unrest. The development of modern science and technology has caused moral values ​​to be neglected due to a lack of cultivation and practice of moral learning. Strengthening character is considered important in overcoming moral problems amidst the complexity of social life. Seeing the survival of a nation can be seen from the character of a nation. Islamic Religious Education Teachers do not just teach but must be able to develop moral norms or character in their students and have a big responsibility in forming students' religious character. They act as facilitators, leaders and role models for students in understanding, practicing and internalizing the teachings of the Islamic religion. Islamic religious and moral learning is focused on building character with full compassion for all elements of the universe. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach, researchers carry out research in the field by making observations. The aim to be achieved in this research is to determine the role of PAI teachers in shaping students' religious character.

This research is classroom action research that aims to improve learning outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS). The topic is changing forms of energy in class IV-B students, SDN Pakis 01 Surabaya. The number of students in the class consists of 25. The data collection method used consists of observation, tests, and documentation. The learning model applied is problem-based learning (PBL). The research results show that the learning model Problem-Based Learning (PBL) can significantly improve student learning outcomes in science subjects. The pre-cycle results showed a completion rate of 32%; in cycle 1, it increased to 56%, and then in cycle 2, it increased to 80%. Implementation of learning models (problem-based learning) has succeeded in achieving the expected targets and can effectively improve student learning outcomes, especially in class IV-B at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya in the 2024-2025 academic year. The learning model of problem-based learning (PBL) is also known for its effectiveness in building students' critical thinking skills so that it can help make the learning process easier.    

Learning outcomes are a unit of value that is a benchmark in determining the success of learning. This low learning outcome can be caused by two factors, namely internal factors and external factors. Therefore, this research discusses the effectiveness of problem solving models on student learning outcomes.   This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the problem solving learning model on the mathematics learning outcomes of class V students at SD Negeri 80 Palembang. This type of research is a quasi experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design type. The subject of this research is class V of SD Negeri 80 Palembang. This research data collection technique uses observation, tests and documentation. The data analysis technique using hypothesis testing assisted by SPSS version 26 resulted in a tcount value of 2.115 > ttable 2.045 so it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the learning outcomes of students using the problem solving model at SD Negeri 80 Palembang

Students often have difficulty understanding the concepts of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS), especially at the elementary school level. This difficulty is caused by the lack of variety of learning methods that are capable and attract students to actively participate in learning activities. The aim of this research is to determine the improvement in learning outcomes of class IV C students in the elastic movement material in science and science lessons. This research applies the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model which uses Mystery Box media. This research uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method which consists of two cycles. The instruments used include pretest and posttest as well as observation sheets. The data was analyzed descriptively quantitatively to measure the increase in learning outcomes from one cycle to the next. The research results show that implementing PjBL with Mystery Box media improves student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, there was significant improvement, although some students had not reached the target. In the second cycle, learning outcomes continued to improve, with the majority of students reaching or exceeding the KKM. The percentage obtained from the pretest and posttest results was from 56.73% to 74.62%.  

This study endeavors to enhance the scientific learning results of sixth graders at SDN Jajar Tunggal III/452 Surabaya by using the Problem Based Learning pedagogical approach with the support of wordwall media, with a focus on global Indonesian cultural heritage materials. Two rounds of classroom action research have been conducted. Class VI-A students from SDN Jajar Tunggal III/452 Surabaya in the 2024–2025 school year were the focus of this investigation.  This study use (1) as its method of data collecting.  Second observation. Recordings, three. Interview. The proportion of classical student learning outcomes that fell into the "very low" category was 32.14% before the cycle began, 67.85% during the first cycle, and 100% during the second cycle. Compared to the first cycle's assessment, the second cycle's outcomes were better. With an average final score of 85.55, the assessment findings for cycle II of classical learning completion attained 100%. The results show that in the 2024–2025 school year, students in class VI–A at SDN Jajar Tunggal III/452 Surabaya may benefit from using the problem-based learning approach with wordwall medium to study world-class Indonesian cultural heritage.

Mentoring and coaching of learning at Restu Ibu Kindergarten is carried out by implementing the “Lessugar” strategy, which utilizes the environment as a source of learning. This strategy aims to realize the concept of Independent play and Independent learning, where children are free to explore and learn according to their interests and potential. Through direct interaction with the surrounding environment, children can develop curiosity, critical reasoning skills, and social skills. This contextual learning provides a more meaningful learning experience, so that children are able to connect the knowledge gained with their daily lives. The results of the mentoring show that this strategy is able to create a pleasant learning atmosphere and support the holistic development of early childhood. The lessugar strategy is expected to continue to be developed as an innovative learning model that supports inclusive and participatory early childhood education.

Customer churn prediction models have become an important tool in the telecommunications industry to reduce churn rates and improve customer retention. This research focuses on building an accurate customer churn prediction model using machine learning algorithms for TELCO Company. By applying diverse feature engineering techniques and prediction models such as RandomForestClassifier, DecisionTreeClassifier, and XGBoost, this study showcases a significant improvement in prediction accuracy compared to previously implemented rule-based methods. The findings of this research allow TELCO Company to identify high-risk customers more effectively and implement targeted retention strategies. Results show that the resulting model can identify customers at risk of churn more effectively, enabling more targeted retention actions..

Measuring the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years before implementing the paper folding (origami) method at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten, (2) Analyzing the implementation of learning using the storytelling method in the context of fine motor skills at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten, and (3) Knowing the increase in fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years after implementing the paper folding (origami) method at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The research subjects consisted of 12 children aged 5-6 years, who were class A students at Al-Ikhlas Tembung Kindergarten, consisting of 8 boys and 4 girls. This research was carried out from May until completion, covering preparation and implementation activities. This research adopts the Kemmis and Mc design model. Taggart, implemented in two cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. The results from cycle I showed a percentage value of 10.3%, while in cycle II it increased to 14.3%. The results of research from pre-action, cycle I, and cycle II show that the average child has improved. The increase in children's fine motor skills shows that the paper folding method (origami) is effective in improving the fine motor skills of children aged 5-6 years. Thus, the paper folding method (origami) can be considered as one method that can be used to improve the fine motor skills of children in this age range.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of applying the cooperative learning model of the TGT type with the aid of Educaplay in improving students' learning outcomes in the IPAS subject. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted at SDN Jajar Tunggal III Surabaya. The learning outcomes of the IPAS topic on Diseases Affecting the Musculoskeletal System during the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II showed a significant improvement. In the pre-cycle, the mastery achieved was only 29%, with 8 students reaching mastery and 20 students not yet achieving it. In cycle I, the percentage of students reaching mastery rose to 61%, with 17 students achieving mastery and 11 students still not reaching it. In cycle II, the percentage of students achieving mastery soared to 86%. These data indicate that both cycles successfully improved students' learning outcomes by applying the TGT cooperative learning model with the help of Educaplay.

The purpose of this classroom action research is to use the problem-based learning paradigm to improve the skills of twenty-four fourth-grade students at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya in producing transitive and intransitive sentences. Methods such as observation, testing, and documentation were used to collect data. Two phases formed this investigation. Students of class IV A improved their learning outcomes for the formation of transitive and intransitive sentences according to the classroom action research. In cycle I, the average score was 72, or 45%, or 11 students. In cycle II, it jumped to 80, or 83%, or 20 students. This study found that in the 2024-2025 academic year, students in class IV A at SDN Pakis 1 Surabaya were able to improve their capacity to create transitive and intransitive sentences by using the problem-based learning paradigm. Problem-Based Learning is known as a learning method that involves identifying a problem and then assigning students to solve it, thus making students more active and able to understand the material during the learning process. Transitive and Intransitive Sentences, Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Classroom Action Research, and Improving Student Learning Outcomes.

This research aims to find out: To see the listening ability of young children before using the storytelling method at the Pembina Pegasing Kindergarten, to see the implementation of learning using the storytelling method in the Pembina Pegasing Kindergarten, and to see how the listening ability of early childhood can be improved after using the storytelling method at Pembina Pegasing Kindergarten. The research technique used was PTK (classroom action research) with a quantitative and qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were 9 children aged 5-6 years. The research was carried out in July until completion starting from preparation activities to implementation. Namely in the Orchid class, there are 9 children with 4 boys and 5 girls. This research was conducted at the Pembina Pegasing Kindergarten for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research was conducted in the even semester of FY. 2023-2024 until completion.  This research uses the Kemmis and Mc model design. Taggart, this research was carried out in 2 cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II. Cycle I obtained a percentage value of 8.2%. . Cycle II percentage value is 10%. From research conducted starting in Pre-action, Cycle I and Cycle II, it shows that the average child has improved. The increase in children's listening ability shows that using the storytelling method is more effective in improving the listening ability of children aged 5 - 6 years.  Thus, the storytelling method is one effort that can improve the listening skills of children aged 5 - 6 years.  

Problem-based learning (PBL) is an instructional model that utilizes problems as a starting point for acquiring and integrating new knowledge. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on improving students' learning outcomes on the topic of light properties in eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar during the 2022/2023 academic year. This research employed a quasi-experimental approach using a Randomized Control-Group Posttest-Only Design. Data collection methods included the administration of questionnaires, pretests and posttests, and oral interviews. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that the Problem-Based Learning model significantly influences students' learning outcomes on the topic of light properties. This is indicated by the t-test results, where tcount = 2.064 and ttable = 2.006 with df = 52. Since tcount > ttable (2.064 > 2.006), the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted, and the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. These findings demonstrate that the Problem-Based Learning model has a significant positive effect on students' learning outcomes in the topic of light properties among eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Karanganyar during the 2022/2023 academic year.

This study aims to analyze the effect of problem-based learning (PBL) models on student learning outcomes in the material of force and motion. This study used a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of junior high school students who were divided into an experimental group with the PBL model and a control group with conventional learning. The results showed that students who learned with the PBL model had a deeper understanding of concepts and were able to apply concepts in solving everyday problems compared to the control group. The implications of this study confirm that the application of PBL can improve students' learning outcomes and critical thinking skills in physics learning.

Inquiry-based learning is a pedagogical approach that encourages students to actively construct their knowledge through exploration and questioning. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the inquiry-based learning model in improving students' conceptual understanding of biology. The research employs a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test control group. Data were collected from high school students and analyzed using statistical tests to compare learning outcomes between the experimental and control groups. The findings indicate that students who learned through inquiry-based methods demonstrated significantly higher conceptual understanding than those in traditional learning settings. These results suggest that the inquiry-based learning model can enhance students' critical thinking skills and conceptual mastery, making it a valuable approach for biology education. The study's implications highlight the need for integrating inquiry-based learning in science curricula to foster deeper understanding and engagement among students.

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry Learning (GIL) model in enhancing students' scientific literacy, particularly in the domain of energy and its transformation. The primary aim of the research was to assess the impact of GIL on students' understanding of complex scientific concepts related to energy, focusing on energy types, transformations, and the conservation law. The GIL model, characterized by active learning, student-centered inquiry, and structured guidance, was implemented through hands-on experiments, observations, and collaborative discussions. The results of the study revealed a significant improvement in scientific literacy, with a 25% increase in post-test scores. The findings suggest that GIL fosters greater student engagement and critical thinking compared to traditional lecture-based methods. Students demonstrated increased confidence and a deeper understanding of energy concepts, making connections between theoretical knowledge and real-world applications. Despite challenges such as time constraints and resource limitations, these obstacles were addressed by adjusting schedules and incorporating virtual simulations to enhance the learning experience. Student feedback was overwhelmingly positive, with participants expressing appreciation for the hands-on nature of the model and the opportunities for peer learning. This study underscores the effectiveness of GIL in improving scientific literacy and suggests that its application could extend to other scientific topics, providing a flexible framework for fostering inquiry and understanding in various educational contexts. Future research is recommended to explore the long-term impact of GIL on other science disciplines and evaluate its broader applicability across different educational settings.

The main objective of this study was to determine the extent to which students' critical thinking skills can be improved through the implementation of a guided inquiry learning model based on Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). This study used a quasi-experimental approach with a post-test only control group design. The study population consisted of 5 classes with a total of 190 students. From this population, the researcher took a sample of 68 students through a simple random sampling technique. The sample was then divided into two groups, namely 34 students for the experimental class and 34 students for the control class. The research instrument was a critical thinking skills test consisting of 20 objective, reasoned questions. The research data were analyzed using a t-test. Based on the calculation results, the t-value was 3.792, while the t-table value at a significance level of 0.05 was 2.037. This indicates that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. Thus, there is a significant difference between the critical thinking skills of students who participated in learning with a guided inquiry model based on ESD compared to conventional learning. In addition, the improvement in critical thinking skills was also analyzed through the N-Gain calculation. The results showed that the experimental class achieved a 65% improvement, categorized as moderate, while the control class achieved a 59% improvement, also categorized as moderate. These findings indicate that guided inquiry learning integrated with ESD principles provides a more effective way to foster students' critical thinking skills compared to traditional methods. Therefore, ESD-based guided inquiry learning can be an alternative, innovative learning strategy to improve the quality of the learning process in secondary schools.

This research focuses on the application of predictive analytics in digital classrooms to track and predict student performance. The study aims to address the limitations of traditional teacher judgment, which often relies on limited data points and subjective assessments. The research proposes a machine learning-driven approach that utilizes data from Learning Management Systems (LMS), including student engagement, academic performance, and attendance, to predict student success or failure with greater accuracy. Various machine learning techniques, such as Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF), are applied to develop a predictive model that can identify at-risk students early. The findings show that the model achieves an accuracy rate of over 85%, with key predictors including past academic performance and student engagement. This model outperforms traditional assessment methods by providing real-time, data-driven insights that enable timely interventions. The study concludes that predictive analytics has significant potential to enhance educational outcomes by offering personalized support and improving curriculum design. However, challenges such as data integration, fairness, and privacy concerns must be addressed for broader implementation.

This training aims to introduce and apply a product-based learning (PBL) approach in a kindergarten (TK) environment. PBL is a student-centered learning method where children learn through exploration, problem solving and collaboratively in producing a product. In the kindergarten context, PBL focuses on developing children's cognitive, social and motor skills through hands-on learning and writing activities. This training was developed for kindergarten teachers with a theoretical understanding of PBL, PBL planning methods that are adapted to child development, as well as creative and effective classroom implementation strategies. Educators are trained to design programs that connect to the kindergarten curriculum, conduct product-based learning, assess children's progress in critical thinking, communication and collaboration skills. The hope is that this training can help teachers create an interesting and meaningful learning environment for children, encouraging creativity, curiosity and enthusiasm for learning. It is hoped that the results of this training can improve the quality of children's education through the effective implementation of PBL.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)-based learning models in improving students' understanding of thermodynamic concepts. The research method used is a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. The subjects of the study were high school students who were divided into experimental and control classes. The results showed that the STEM approach can significantly improve students' conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills compared to conventional learning models. The implication of this study is the need for integration of the STEM approach in physics learning in order to improve the quality of education in the modern era.