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This research is related to socialization activities that will help UMKM develop their products so they can compete in a tight market. This activity exists because of observations that the region has many UMKM that focus on the food sector. The cooking demonstration activity was chosen because the delivery of the cooking recipe steps was easy to follow for the participants, who were dominated by mothers. A cooking demonstration is an activity that explains the process of cooking a dish in a coherent and detailed manner so that it can be easily understood. Food that is trendy and popular with many groups is an important factor in menu selection. This activity aims to help UMKM innovate their products so they can compete competitively and is easy to understand.

The author provides training and guidance aimed at improving student competence in terms of communication, creative thinking, collaboration and creativity at the 2023 national level Ki Hajar STEM activities. This research uses quantitative research methods with a quasi-experimental type. There are two stages in this research, the preparation stage, namely the preparation stage before the competition and the implementation stage, namely the stage of participating in the Kihajar STEM competition activities. The innovation they created, namely a cellphone device or automatic sprinkler based on solar cells, increased their abilities in terms of creativity and were able to work together in making this cellphone device which was used as a tool to compete in the Kihajar STEM competition. 4C competencies consist of critical thinking competencies, creativity competencies, communication competencies and collaborative competencies.

The author provides training and guidance aimed at improving student competence in terms of communication, creative thinking, collaboration and creativity at the 2023 national level Ki Hajar STEM activities. This research uses quantitative research methods with a quasi-experimental type. There are two stages in this research, the preparation stage, namely the preparation stage before the competition and the implementation stage, namely the stage of participating in the Kihajar STEM competition activities. The innovation they created, namely a cellphone device or automatic sprinkler based on solar cells, increased their abilities in terms of creativity and were able to work together in making this cellphone device which was used as a tool to compete in the Kihajar STEM competition. 4C competencies consist of critical thinking competencies, creativity competencies, communication competencies and collaborative competencies.

This study aims to determine whether there is an Effect of Transformational Leadership Style and Work Discipline on Employee Performance of PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. in Makassar City. To find out and analyze which variable is the dominant influence on employee performance at PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk. In Makassar City. This type of research uses quantitative, the data analysis technique used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 22 for windows. That the significance value is 0.000 <0.05. That simultaneously leadership style and work discipline have a significant positive effect on employee performance. The results of this study are in accordance with the theory of Budi Setiyawan and Waridin (2006) that discipline is in an ideal state in supporting and carrying out tasks according to the rules in order to support work optimization. One of the conditions for discipline to grow in the work environment is the complete division of labor to the lowest employee or officer, so that people know consciously what their duties are, how to do it, when the work starts and finishes, as arranged in advance and understand who is responsible for the results of the work.

This study aims to analyze the comparison of financial ratios in the telecommunications sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2020-2022. Financial ratios are financial analysis tools used to evaluate company performance by comparing financial data contained in financial statements. Liquidity ratios, profitability ratios, activity ratios, solvency ratios, and market ratios are types of ratios. This research uses a qualitative method with secondary data on financial statements in the telecommunications sector for the 2020-2022 period. The data can be obtained by visiting the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange or visiting the company's website. The samples used were only four companies, namely PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk (FREN), PT Indosat Tbk (ISAT), PT XL Axiata Tbk (EXCL), and PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (TLKM) using purposive sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that of the four companies, the ratio of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk is superior compared to the other three companies because the company can utilize its cash and assets well, fulfill its obligations both short and long term, manage the company well and efficiently, and generate high profits with a reasonable share price.

 Triartha Cipta Mandiri is a company that operates as a housing developer. PT. Triartha Cipta Mandiri (which is shortened to PT. TCM) moves side by side with PT. Rico Cipta Mandiri is located at Ruko Tangerang City Business Park, D/8, Jl. Raya Jendral Sudirman, Banten. Director of PT. Triartha Cipta Mandiri is Mr. Hamsir Siregar, S.H., M.H. PT. Triartha Cipta Mandiri has been established for 10 years with a Deed of Company Establishment from the Tangerang Regency Notary, Mr. Deni Nugraha, S.E., S.H., M.Kn. dated 25-09-2013 and has received approval from the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia, as stated in his Decree dated 27-09-2013 Number: AHU-50281.AH.01.01 TAHUN 2013. So far, PT. Triartha Cipta Mandiri is expanding its wings in the field of selling subsidized houses. The name of the housing developed by PT. Triartha Cipta Mandiri is Granada Rajeg City which is located in Rajeg District, Tangerang Regency, Banten. Houses that sells by PT. Triartha Cipta Mandiri is a subsidized house by the government with a price of Rp. 168,000,000,- and the houses’ building area of ​​30 M2 and a land area of ​​60 M2. Inside the house there are 2 bedrooms and 1 bathroom. Houses marketing is carried out by deploying several marketing agents. Other than that, to carry out sales and purchases that have been agreed with consumers, PT. Triartha Cipta Mandiri entered into a credit agreement at Bank BTN Syariah. During 2023, house sales have reached 74 houses.

Unregistered marriage (nikah sirri) is a phenomenon that has attracted the attention of many, both from the perspective of Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia. This study aims to critically examine nikah sirri, including its definition, legal basis, and the social impacts it causes. Using a qualitative approach, this research collects data from various sources, including legal literature, interviews, and case studies. The results show that although nikah sirri is recognized under Islamic law, its practice often conflicts with the state's legal protection and can have negative consequences, especially for women and children. The issue of nikah sirri is complex as it involves two different legal domains—religious law and state law. On the one hand, nikah sirri may be considered valid according to Islamic principles if it fulfills the requirements and pillars of marriage. On the other hand, since it is not recorded in the state’s administrative system, it raises several legal and social issues, particularly regarding the protection of women's and children's rights. Therefore, a well-structured problem formulation is needed to thoroughly explore the conflicts and gaps between Islamic law and positive law in addressing the practice of nikah sirri.

Advances in science and technology are faced with a number of challenges, one of which is preserving the environment which is faced with the use of synthetic materials. Synthetic materials are basically materials that cannot be decomposed naturally and pollute the environment. Therefore, a number of research and developments have been carried out in utilizing more environmentally friendly materials through the manufacture of biocomposites. However, the use of biocomposites has not been able to replace the use of synthetic materials as a whole, due to the weak bonding of the fiber-matrix interface (adhesion between fiber and matrix) in biocomposites. One effort that can be made to increase fiber-matrix interfacial bonding in biocomposites is through modification of natural fibers using NaOH. A number of studies have been carried out using NaOH to modify the fiber-matrix surface. The results obtained through a number of studies state that each natural fiber has a different response to NaOH concentration, so that each natural fiber requires a certain concentration to increase the bond between the fiber-matrix interface in biocomposites.

The purpose of this writing is to determine the factors that influence reading interest and interest in class X MA Nurul Huda Lumajang students through the sociodrama method. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Class X students are the subjects. The influencing factors are internal and external factors. Internal factors include intelligence, interest and attention, motivation, perseverance, attitude, reading habits, as well as physical fitness and health. Students will not be interested in reading if they do not have the desire, health, physical fitness, intelligence and motivation. Bad libraries, outdated reading materials, some even unused, little encouragement from teachers, no encouragement from parents, parents who do not provide encouragement due to lack of funds, no parental attention to children's reading. Most parents focus more on learning outcomes, reading habits that students have not acquired since childhood. The influence of the reading environment and playmates indirectly influences students' interest in reading. The uncontrolled influence of technology. For example, the influence of misuse of smartphones or gadgets, the influence of television programs on students who forget their student responsibilities.    

This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.

This classroom action research aims to improve reading skills through Jigsaw type cooperative learning for class VI students at SD Inpres, Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. The subjects of this research were 40 grade VI students at SD Inpres Multilevel Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. Academic Year 2023/2024. This PTK consists of 2 cycles, each consisting of 3 meetings. Data collection was carried out using the results of students' work when carrying out actions and observation sheets. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results achieved were: (1) students' reading ability before the action was held was in the low category with an average score of 4.88 from the highest possible score of 10. (2) Students' reading ability after taking action in the form of Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle I was in the high category with an average score of 8.04 from the highest possible score of 10. (3) Students' reading ability after taking action, in the form of learning by applying models Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle II was in the very high category with an average score of 8.84 from the highest possible score of 10. (4) There was an increase in the percentage of student attendance. (5) Students' interest, attention and motivation in participating in the learning process using the Jigsaw cooperative model has also increased, this can be seen from the increase in student activity in the learning process. The results of this research also show changes on the teacher's side, initially teachers were less creative in using various Jigsaw type cooperative learning strategies, which had a good impact, apparently being able to motivate and increase teacher interest in developing effective learning.    

The Influence of Problem-Based Learning Strategies on News Writing Ability for Class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. Thesis. Department of Primary School Teacher Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Supervisor I Rosmini Madeamain and Supervisor II Andi Syamsul Alam. This research aims to determine the significant influence of using problem-based learning strategies on the ability to write news for class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. This research is pre-experimental research in the form of One Group Pretest-Posttest research. The population of this study was class V students at SD Negeri 78 Barru which consisted of one class of 10 students. The research instrument used was the news writing test. The data obtained was then analyzed using descriptive statistical data analysis and inferential statistical data analysis. The results of this research show that the pretest results, the average student learning score is 53 with categories, very high 0%, high 30%, medium 20%, low 30% and very low 20%. The average score of the posttest results after using the problem-based learning strategy was 88 with the categories very high 80%, high 20%, medium 0%, low 0%, and very low 0%. This figure shows that there is a significant influence of the use of problem-based learning strategies on news writing ability. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning strategy is effectively used in learning to write news for fifth grade students at SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency.

The purpose of this writing is to determine the factors that influence reading interest and interest in class X MA Nurul Huda Lumajang students through the sociodrama method. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Class X students are the subjects. The influencing factors are internal and external factors. Internal factors include intelligence, interest and attention, motivation, perseverance, attitude, reading habits, as well as physical fitness and health. Students will not be interested in reading if they do not have the desire, health, physical fitness, intelligence and motivation. Bad libraries, outdated reading materials, some even unused, little encouragement from teachers, no encouragement from parents, parents who do not provide encouragement due to lack of funds, no parental attention to children's reading. Most parents focus more on learning outcomes, reading habits that students have not acquired since childhood. The influence of the reading environment and playmates indirectly influences students' interest in reading. The uncontrolled influence of technology. For example, the influence of misuse of smartphones or gadgets, the influence of television programs on students who forget their student responsibilities.    

This research is motivated by the lack of availability of learning media usage and conventional learning. Therefore, an effectiveness test of the periodic table of the ladder media was conducted to improve the learning outcomes of students at SMKN 1 BP BR on the topic of periodic table of elements. This research is a pre-experimental study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of media usage using data analysis techniques through pretest-posttest assessments. The population in this study is the students of class X TBSM SMKN 1 BP BR. The research instrument is a learning outcomes test consisting of 25 multiple-choice questions that have been pilot tested. The data analysis techniques used are the t-test to determine differences in learning outcomes and the N-Gain test to determine the improvement in students' understanding. The results of the study show that there are differences and improvements in students' learning outcomes. This is evidenced by the average posttest score of 86.67. The improvement in learning outcomes is also supported by hypothesis testing conducted with the t-test, obtaining a t-value (3.45) > t-table (1.21). Another supporting evidence is the average N-Gain test score of 0.75 with a high category. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the periodic table of the ladder media is effective in improving students' learning outcomes with a high category. This media is suitable for chemistry learning that is symbolic, as it will be more engaging and challenging through direct student involvement in the learning process.

This classroom action research aims to improve reading skills through Jigsaw type cooperative learning for class VI students at SD Inpres, Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. The subjects of this research were 40 grade VI students at SD Inpres Multilevel Sungguminasa, Gowa Regency. Academic Year 2023/2024. This PTK consists of 2 cycles, each consisting of 3 meetings. Data collection was carried out using the results of students' work when carrying out actions and observation sheets. The collected data was analyzed using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis. The results achieved were: (1) students' reading ability before the action was held was in the low category with an average score of 4.88 from the highest possible score of 10. (2) Students' reading ability after taking action in the form of Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle I was in the high category with an average score of 8.04 from the highest possible score of 10. (3) Students' reading ability after taking action, in the form of learning by applying models Jigsaw type cooperative learning in Cycle II was in the very high category with an average score of 8.84 from the highest possible score of 10. (4) There was an increase in the percentage of student attendance. (5) Students' interest, attention and motivation in participating in the learning process using the Jigsaw cooperative model has also increased, this can be seen from the increase in student activity in the learning process. The results of this research also show changes on the teacher's side, initially teachers were less creative in using various Jigsaw type cooperative learning strategies, which had a good impact, apparently being able to motivate and increase teacher interest in developing effective learning.    

The Influence of Problem-Based Learning Strategies on News Writing Ability for Class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. Thesis. Department of Primary School Teacher Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Makassar. Supervisor I Rosmini Madeamain and Supervisor II Andi Syamsul Alam. This research aims to determine the significant influence of using problem-based learning strategies on the ability to write news for class V of SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency. This research is pre-experimental research in the form of One Group Pretest-Posttest research. The population of this study was class V students at SD Negeri 78 Barru which consisted of one class of 10 students. The research instrument used was the news writing test. The data obtained was then analyzed using descriptive statistical data analysis and inferential statistical data analysis. The results of this research show that the pretest results, the average student learning score is 53 with categories, very high 0%, high 30%, medium 20%, low 30% and very low 20%. The average score of the posttest results after using the problem-based learning strategy was 88 with the categories very high 80%, high 20%, medium 0%, low 0%, and very low 0%. This figure shows that there is a significant influence of the use of problem-based learning strategies on news writing ability. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the problem-based learning strategy is effectively used in learning to write news for fifth grade students at SD Negeri 78 Barru, Tanete Riaja District, Barru Regency.

Character building is one of the most crucial aspects in supporting national development in the current era of globalization. Education is not only intended to transfer knowledge, but also plays a role in shaping the personality and moral values of students from an early age. This is important so that students have a strong character provision to face the challenges of the ever-changing era. Instilling character values from an early age is expected to be a fortress in maintaining students' personal and social integrity. The purpose of this study is to determine and describe the role of teachers as role models (modeling the way) in the process of character building for students in the Elementary Madrasah environment. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection techniques are carried out through direct observation in the field and in-depth interviews with teachers, principals, and students involved in learning activities. This research was conducted in an Elementary Madrasah that has implemented an exemplary approach in the character education process. The results of the study indicate that the role of teachers as role models is very influential in shaping the character of students. The attitudes, words, and actions of teachers in everyday life in the madrasah environment are real examples that are imitated by students. Thus, it can be concluded that the modeling the way strategy is very effective in internalizing character values to students at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level.

Tandikek is a hilly area in Padang Pariaman district. Tradition cannot be separated from the traces of human travel, as a characteristic form found in a social group and formed naturally which continuously reproduces practices in the process of interaction. With a disaster or disaster occurring in the midst of the Tandikek Community, the Community will carry out the Ratik tradition of rejecting evil. Tandikek people believe in this tradition, because of the existence of supernatural powers. This is what makes them always carry out the tradition of 'resist evil'. The first problem in this article is the role of the Ratik tradition in repelling reinforcements for the Tandikek Community. The theory used in this problem is the Redcliffe-Brown functional structural theory, which states that aspects of social behavior do not develop for individual needs, but to maintain the social structure of society. The tradition of ratik rejecting reinforcements at tandikek is one of the local wisdoms. The ratik tradition of rejecting reinforcements has maintained and fostered social ties among the Tandikek community. Society realizes that there must be harmony between humans and supernatural beings.

One of valuable asset of the nation is various caltural since all we know that Indonesia has rich variaty culture widely spreaded in the nation, from Sabang to Marauke. The country of Indonesia has enormous cultural capital, has the potential to function as a source of accelerating national development more quickly.A qualitative method used in this type of reseach and included checking incident. It is a technique that combines qualitative and descriptive analysis and is used to conduct this kind of research. Findings are presented in descriptive narrative, and the authors emphasize the natural and holistic focus and multi-method research.Family can take an important role in developing their childrent's socializing skill by helping the children to understand how to respect the tradition of Ash Table, and also introducing the kids  the value of religion  and culture that related to their ritual.Moreover, family has a good chance to take a part as a model for others by maintaining the consistency this routine excercise to practice. This practice has the ability to lead the family to be solid and an excellent reminder of their background of ancestors and spiritual that they share to one each other.

This study aims to produce and test the feasibility of Training Materials Management of Household Financial Management in the Village Tasikmadu. This research method using Design-Based Research model. The results of the final evaluation showed that 93% -95% of the learners received excellent training evaluation results, 95% -100% of the study participants gave positive responses to the training model, 89% of the students were active in training, and 79% of the studying population had implemented financial Accounting. Based on these results, the development of teaching materials for household financial management training is ready to be implemented. Based on these results, the development of teaching materials for household financial management training is ready to be implemented. This training development is easy to apply, effective and practical, as it is developed and designed in a contextual and flexible way that is modified according to the needs and circumstances of the field. In addition, the guidebook provided in this model of financial management training has been made as attractive as possible to facilitate training activities taking into account the characteristics of female fishermen as learning citizens. So when this resource is applied it will create a fun and interesting training atmosphere.