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This research seeks to assess the impact of Leadership Style and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at CV Nusa Indah 10 located in Solok City, utilizing a sample of 32 respondents and adopting quantitative methods. The sampling technique employed is Total Sampling. Data collection was carried out through the distribution of a questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis revealed the equation for the variables Leadership Style and Work Discipline's effect on Employee Performance to be Y = 12.024 + 0.220 X1 + 0.482 X2 + e. The t-test indicated that Leadership Style (X1) significantly affects Employee Performance, as demonstrated by a t-count of 2.201, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.04523, with a significance level of 0.036, which is less than 0.05. Consequently, Ha was accepted while H0 was rejected. Additionally, Work Discipline (X2) significantly influences Employee Performance, with a t-count of 5.409 surpassing the t-table value of 2.04523, and a significance level of 0.000, which is also below 0.05. This led to the acceptance of Ha and rejection of H0. The F test results showed that both Leadership Style and Work Discipline jointly affect Employee Performance, with an f count of 51.591 exceeding the f table value of 3.33, and a significance level of 0.000, which is under 0.05. Furthermore, the R Square value obtained is 0.781, indicating that Leadership Style and Work Discipline collectively account for 78.1% of the variance in Employee Performance at CV Nusa Indah 10 in Solok City, with the remaining variance attributed to other factors not examined in this study.

Waste management is an urgent environmental issue that requires active community participation. This study aims to analyze the speaking skills of members of the Sapu Lidi Community in Pekalongan during waste management discussions, a community that actively processes organic waste into valuable products such as eco-enzyme. Using a qualitative approach and an ethnographic case study design, this research explores speaking skills within its natural social context. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and non-participatory observation of community discussions, then analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The findings show that the community members' speaking skills are characterized by fluent delivery, appropriate and credible word choice, and a persuasive, egalitarian, and humorous speaking style. Community members utilize rhetorical strategies such as humor, calls to action, and concrete evidence such as harvest results to build participation and environmental awareness among residents. The application of dialogic communication and the integration of verbal delivery with hands-on practice demonstrations proved effective in achieving the community's goals. Academically, this research contributes to environmental communication studies within grassroots communities. Practically, the findings can serve as a foundation for developing speaking skills training for volunteers in similar communities in other areas.

Parents act as early educators entrusted with guiding, nurturing, and caring for their children. Their influence is crucial from the outset, as they substantially shape their children's character and disposition. The way parents parent their children can significantly enhance their overall development, as their methods significantly influence their children's social and emotional maturity. To foster healthy maturation and ensure their children's social integration, parents need to thoroughly understand the intricacies of their children's social and emotional development. Parents are the first teachers responsible for teaching, nurturing, and raising their children. Parental involvement is crucial. This study aims to examine the significance of parenting strategies employed by mothers and fathers and the extent to which these strategies shape their children's social and emotional development. The results of this study identified three distinct categories of parenting tactics commonly employed by mothers and fathers in raising their children: indulgent, dictatorial, and collaborative. Each of these parenting approaches exerts a unique influence on children's social and emotional maturation. The main difference lies in the observation that dictatorial and indulgent parenting approaches typically produce less beneficial results than collaborative parenting approaches, which typically produce more beneficial results. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers and fathers adopt a collaborative parenting approach when raising their children.

The transition to the remote working era has reached a point of stabilization as a fundamental structure in the 2025 global employment landscape. This systematic literature review aims to evaluate the impact of remote work on employee productivity, mental well-being, and the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) integration. By analyzing large-scale secondary data (>10,000 participants) from various authoritative databases, the study finds that productivity experienced a net increase of 13% to 22%. The primary driver is the average commute time saving of 72 minutes per day, which is converted into productive work hours. However, findings also indicate a risk of digital burnout in 69% of respondents due to an "always-on" work culture. AI integration has assisted 65% of workers in automating administrative tasks, shifting focus toward strategic work. This research concludes that the success of remote work models requires a shift in leadership style toward trust-based management and formal policies regarding the "right to disconnect.".

Leadership management plays a crucial role in developing nursing career paths in hospitals. An effective career path system not only enhances nurses' competence and professionalism but also contributes to job satisfaction and retention. However, scientific evidence regarding the influence of leadership management on nurses' career paths remains scattered and shows varying findings. This systematic review aims to synthesize scientific evidence related to the influence of leadership management on nursing career path development in hospitals. This study used a systematic review design following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. A literature search was conducted through PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published between 2015 and 2024. Articles were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 13 articles for analysis. Data synthesis was conducted using a thematic synthesis approach. The review identified five main themes: leadership style, managerial support, organizational systems and policies, the impact of career paths, and barriers to implementation. Transformational and participatory leadership has been reported to have a positive influence on nurses' career development. Managerial support through coaching, mentoring, and ongoing training strengthens career readiness, increases job satisfaction, and reduces nurse turnover intentions. Leadership management has a significant influence on nursing career development in hospitals. Integrating effective leadership with a clear and transparent career development system is necessary to enhance professionalism, job satisfaction, and the sustainability of the nursing workforce.

The campus is a meeting place for various cultures due to the diverse backgrounds of its students. As a result, social interactions that can foster a sense of togetherness and mutual respect are necessary. This study focuses on the experiences of Papuan students at the State University of Medan (UNIMED), known as the Character Building University, particularly how they adapt and interact in the campus environment. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews and observations to describe how Papuan students adapt, the initial problems they face, such as differences in dialect, communication style, and academic activity dynamics, as well as the elements that help them build good social relationships. The results of the study show that Papuan students are able to establish positive relationships with their environment, even though the initial adaptation process is rather difficult. They increase their confidence and communicate better with others through academic activities such as discussions, group work, and presentations. Overall, the experience of interaction on campus greatly helps Papuan students become more adaptive, inclusive, and in line with UNIMED's character building objectives.

This research at TPA Siti Hajar aims to determine the impact of democratic parenting on the creativity of early childhood aged 4-5 years. The study found that 80% of respondents demonstrated good assessment results, while 20% achieved excellent grades. Democratic parenting, observed in this study, plays a significant role in fostering independence and confidence in children. This type of parenting is ideal for educating children, as it promotes responsibility, leadership, independence, and the ability to build healthy interpersonal relationships. Creativity, as defined in the study, is the ability to generate new ideas, solve problems, and produce innovative products. Using a quantitative approach with an experimental method, the research involved 10 out of 15 children from TPA Siti Hajar. Data was collected through observation and interviews. The results showed a significant correlation between democratic parenting and the development of children's creativity. Children exposed to democratic parenting exhibited increased independence and creativity, adapting well to their school environment. The study concludes that democratic parenting significantly influences early childhood creativity, fostering a safe and supportive space for children to thrive. This positive influence encourages independence while maintaining clear, consistent boundaries, which enhances their creative and developmental stages.

This article analyzes Anies Baswedan's leadership in driving the national literacy campaign during his tenure as Indonesia's Minister of Education and culture from 2014 to 2016. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, with data sources in the form of policy documents, program reports, and literature related to leadership and literacy. The results showed that the transformational leadership style implemented by Anies Baswedan was effective in building a common vision and motivating various stakeholders to actively participate in national literacy programs, especially the School Literacy Movement (GLS). The leadership is able to foster a culture of sustainable literacy in schools and communities, although still faced with challenges in the form of limited resources and access gaps. Overall, Anies Baswedan's leadership contributed significantly to improving the quality of education and strengthening national literacy as an important foundation to face the challenges of 21st Century Education. Keywords: transformational leadership, Literacy Campaign, School Literacy Movement, Anies Baswedan, literacy culture, education policy, 21st Century Education.

This study examines the influence of internal communication and leadership style on employee work motivation at Public Relation Agency XYZ. The research focuses on understanding how these two organizational factors shape the motivation levels of employees, particularly freelance experts who contribute significantly to the agency’s performance and service quality. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through a structured survey designed to capture employees’ perceptions of communication effectiveness, leadership characteristics, and motivational conditions within the agency. The collected data were then analyzed using SmartPLS to test the proposed relationships. The findings indicate that both internal communication and leadership style exert a significant and positive influence on work motivation, highlighting the crucial role of clear information flow and supportive leadership behavior. Moreover, the results suggest that enhancing communication practices and applying a more transformational leadership style can substantially improve employee motivation. This study offers practical recommendations for strengthening internal communication systems and leadership development initiatives to foster higher engagement, productivity, and overall motivation among employees at Public Relation Agency XYZ.

This study aims to describe and analyze the factors that influence employee job satisfaction at PT Trans Jaya Papua by employing a qualitative descriptive method supported by observation and semi-structured interviews with 12 employees across different departments. The findings reveal that job satisfaction arises from a combination of internal and external factors that interact to shape employees’ overall perceptions of their work. Internal factors consist of individual attitudes, motivation, and the quality of interpersonal relationships, all of which determine how employees respond to daily tasks and workplace dynamics. External factors include leadership style, salary, work environment, and organizational support, each playing a crucial role in shaping employees’ sense of stability and fairness. The results highlight that positive work attitudes and effective communication are the most dominant contributors to employee satisfaction, strengthened by adequate compensation and supportive supervision from leaders. The study concludes that job satisfaction can be further improved through transparent communication, equitable reward systems, and consistent leadership involvement in employee development. These findings provide practical implications for management, particularly in formulating more responsive human resource strategies aimed at enhancing employee performance and organizational effectiveness.

Leadership in educational organizations, especially in the Darul Hikmah Modern Islamic Boarding School in Medan, faces the challenges of modernity that demand integration between traditional spiritual values ​​and management professionalism. This study aims to analyze the existing leadership structure and design a new structure that integrates the Transformational, Distributive, and Instructional models that are aligned with the local wisdom of North Sumatra, namely the Dalihan Na Tolu philosophy. The method used is qualitative case analysis with observation and interviews. The results of the analysis show that the current leadership is dominated by charismatic and centralistic styles (strong Transformational), but weak in the Distributive dimension (low teacher participation) and Adaptive Technology Instructional. The proposed new leadership structure design emphasizes the formation of a Quality Supervisory Board (DPM) and the Head of Human Resources & Regeneration. This new model places the Kyai/Head of the Islamic Boarding School as the spiritual authority (Hula-hula), Mudir/Executive Director as the managerial change agent (Dongan Tubu), and strengthens the academic/innovation function (Boru). The conclusion suggests that leadership transformation in this Islamic boarding school requires a shift from a figure-based system to a competency-based and collaborative system, making it an adaptive, professional institution firmly rooted in local values.

This study aims to determine the effect of authoritative parenting on the independence of children aged 4-5 years. The ex-post facto method was used as the research method, with the population being all parents of TPA Siti Hajar who use authoritative parenting. The sample was determined using a total sampling technique with data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using normality tests and simple regression. The results showed that parents use an authoritative parenting style. Respondents always ask their children about their lessons at school (64.08%), listen to their children talk about their school situation (57.00%), and provide encouragement when their children start to be lazy about their homework (66.70%), with a level of independence in the fairly good category, with indicators of self-confidence (65.00%), being able to make their own choices (52.31%), being responsible (50.60%), and being easy to make friends (55.00%). Therefore, the conclusion that can be conveyed is that there is an influence of authoritative parenting on the independence of children aged 4-5 years with a percentage of 46.00%. This study aims to determine the effect of authoritative parenting on the independence of children aged 4-5 years. The ex-post facto method was used as the research method, with the population being all parents of TPA Siti Hajar who use authoritative parenting. The sample was determined using a total sampling technique with data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using normality tests and simple regression. The results showed that parents use an authoritative parenting style. Respondents always ask their children about their lessons at school (64.08%), listen to their children talk about their school situation (57.00%), and provide encouragement when their children start to be lazy about their homework (66.70%), with a level of independence in the fairly good category, with indicators of self-confidence (65.00%), being able to make their own choices (52.31%), being responsible (50.60%), and being easy to make friends (55.00%). Therefore, the conclusion that can be conveyed is that there is an influence of authoritative parenting on the independence of children aged 4-5 years with a percentage of 46.00%. 

This study aims to analyze the relationship between authoritarian parenting and early childhood creativity. Creativity is an important aspect of child development because it plays a role in shaping the ability to think, solve problems, and express ideas freely. However, the process of creativity development is often influenced by parenting styles at home. Authoritarian parenting is known as a parenting style that tends to be rigid, full of control, and demands obedience without providing space for children to express their opinions. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational design involving children aged 4–6 years and their parents. Data were obtained through parenting questionnaires and observations of children's creativity. The results showed a negative relationship between authoritarian parenting and creativity. The higher the level of authoritarianism applied, the lower the child's creativity. This finding emphasizes the importance of more open parenting for optimal development of children's creativity.

This research is motivated by the relationship between parenting styles and children's creative thinking abilities, especially in TPA Miftahul Jannah. The purpose of this study is to identify the parenting styles of children's parents with children's creative thinking abilities in TPA. This study uses quantitative methods with correlational design. Data were collected through observation, interview, data collection and documentation techniques, while teachers act as the main participants in this study. The results of the study indicate that parenting styles greatly influence children's creative thinking abilities. Parenting styles are a pattern or way parents educate, guide, and interact with children, which includes how they set rules, provide affection, and control children's behavior. In addition, teachers and caregivers at TPA also have an important role as parents of both children when they are in childcare. Teachers and caregivers at TPA Miftahul Jannah play an active role in caring for and educating children from toddler age to childhood. Parenting styles can improve children's creative thinking abilities. Through this approach, children can think creatively and imaginatively.

This article examines the evolution of the concept of femininity in East Asian makeup culture by tracing changes in style, function, and social meaning from traditional periods to the modern era. The study focuses on makeup practices in China, Japan, and Korea, which possess distinct cultural and historical backgrounds yet similarly demonstrate dynamic developments of femininity through visual expression. The research employs a literature review using a qualitative approach, complemented by an analysis of beauty trends emerging in each country. The findings indicate that facial makeup functions not merely as an aesthetic practice but also as a medium for representing personal identity, social status, gender roles, and prevailing cultural values within society. The transformation of makeup practices is influenced by various factors, including local traditional heritage, processes of modernization, changes in women’s roles, and globalization, which introduces new beauty standards. Nevertheless, traditional elements continue to be preserved and adapted, forming distinctive regional characteristics. Overall, this study emphasizes that the concept of femininity in East Asian makeup culture is dynamic and contextual, continually adapting to social change while remaining deeply rooted in longstanding cultural values.

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in teaching personal and official letter writing, and to examine its impact on improving the writing skills of Grade VII B students at SMP Negeri 2 Banjarmasin. The study is motivated by students’ difficulties in distinguishing the structure and language style of personal and official letters, as well as their low engagement in the learning process. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach using a One Group Pretest-Posttest design. The instruments included writing tests (pre-test and post-test) and observation sheets to assess students’ activities and attitudes. The results indicate that PBL positively influences students' writing abilities. This is evidenced by a significant increase in the average post-test scores compared to the pre-test, along with improvements in critical thinking, collaboration, and independence. Students also demonstrated better understanding of the structural and linguistic features of both types of letters. Thus, the PBL model is recommended as an effective instructional strategy to enhance the quality of writing instruction, particularly within the framework of the Kurikulum Merdeka.

This paper explores the evolving dynamics of the Nigerian fashion industry, highlighting how cultural heritage and modern influences converge to shape design, consumption, and representation. Drawing from literature, industry reports, and digital trend analyses between 2015 and 2025, the study identifies three major shifts: the fusion of traditional and contemporary fashion styles, the rise of inclusivity and diversity, and the growing adoption of athleisure and casual wear. The findings reveal that Nigerian designers are reimagining traditional fabrics such as Ankara, Adire, and Aso-Oke through innovative tailoring and global collaboration. Simultaneously, increased body positivity, gender fluidity, and regional representation are transforming brand imagery and consumer engagement. The expansion of digital fashion ecosystems, driven by social media, e-commerce, and technology-based production, has amplified visibility and market access for local designers. The review concludes that Nigeria’s fashion evolution mirrors its socio-cultural transformation, presenting opportunities for sustainable growth, digital integration, and cultural diplomacy in the global creative economy.

This study aims to analyze the transformational leadership of President BJ Habibie during Indonesia's post–New Order political transition using a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design. The research focuses on Habibie's leadership style, reform policies, and strategic role in building the foundation of Indonesian democracy. Data were obtained through a literature review of books, journal articles, and policy documents, then analyzed using content analysis through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that Habibie demonstrated transformational leadership characterized by visionary reform, innovative policymaking, and high political morality. He initiated major reforms such as the abolition of the military's dual function, press liberalization, the first democratic election in 1999, and regional autonomy. These policies served as milestones in Indonesia's transition toward a more open and participatory political system. The study concludes that Habibie's transformational leadership played a pivotal role in shaping Indonesia's democratization process and stands as a model of adaptive political leadership in developing countries.

Teenagers are in a developmental phase that is highly sensitive to various environmental influences, particularly those from their parents. Unhealthy parenting styles, also known as toxic parents, have a high potential to harm teenagers' psychological well-being. This study aims to determine the relationship between toxic parenting behavior and the mental health of teenagers in MTsS Krueng Raya. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach. The population consisted of 74 people, with a sample of 63 teenagers selected using a proportional random sampling technique. The instruments used were the Indonesian Version of the Poisonous Parenting Style Scale (IVPPSS) questionnaire to measure toxic parents and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) to measure mental health. The data was analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The research results indicated a significant relationship between toxic parents and teenagers' mental health, with a ρ-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). This study concludes that the higher the level of toxic parents, the lower the level of teenagers' mental health. Parents are expected to adopt supportive parenting styles, and schools are expected to provide counseling services to maintain students' mental health.

This This article aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s (SBY) leadership practices during his presidency (2004–2014), highlighting how his character, leadership style, policy implementation, and responses to the nation’s various challenges influenced the direction of Indonesia’s national development. The research employs a descriptive qualitative case study method by analyzing literature sources, government documents, state policies, and relevant academic studies. The findings show that SBY’s leadership was characterized by a democratic-participatory model with a charismatic touch, guiding Indonesia through critical periods such as major natural disasters, global economic changes, and challenges in consolidating democracy. The use of soft diplomacy, political consensus, and transparent governance became hallmarks of the SBY era, accompanied by bureaucratic reform efforts, social innovation, and community involvement in policy-making. This article also discusses the major achievements of SBY’s administration, responses to criticism, and the leadership legacy as a model for future national leaders.