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The extension of the term of office of the village head was motivated by a demonstration by almost all village heads throughout Indonesia who expressed their wishes and aspirations in front of the building of the People's Representative Council of the Republic of Indonesia, so that the term of office of the village head would be revised to be extended. This study aims to determine how the political legal turmoil caused by the extension of the village head's term of office in accordance with Law Number 3 of 2024 concerning Villages. By using a qualitative literature study method, this study analyzes more relevant literature to understand the influence of legal politics on the extension of the village head's term of office

This research examines the formulation of restorative justice-based law enforcement policies for children in conflict with law, focusing on the development and implementation challenges within the juvenile justice system. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, the study analyzes current policy frameworks, implementation practices, and systemic challenges through comprehensive literature review, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, and focus group discussions with legal practitioners and child protection experts. The findings reveal that while the legal framework for restorative justice exists, implementation faces significant challenges including limited understanding among law enforcement officers, inadequate infrastructure, and insufficient inter-agency coordination. The study also identifies successful practices and proposes a comprehensive policy framework that emphasizes capacity building, institutional strengthening, and community engagement. This research contributes to the development of more effective and child-centered approaches in juvenile justice systems, providing practical recommendations for policy makers and law enforcement agencies in implementing restorative justice principles for children in conflict with law.

Article discusses the influence of education on economic growth in developing countries, with a special focus on Indonesia. Education is considered a key factor in improving the quality of human resources, which contributes to economic growth. The three main theories that explain this relationship are human capital theory, allocation theory, and class growth theory. Human capital theory suggests that higher education can increase productivity and wages, despite criticism regarding job quality. Allocation theory highlights the role of education in allocating individuals based on educational strata, while class growth theory highlights the impact of education on social inequality. In Indonesia, challenges faced in the education sector include inequality of access and poor infrastructure, especially in remote areas. Despite increasing education budgets, data shows that classroom infrastructure problems are still not fully resolved. This article emphasizes the importance of research and development to improve the quality of education, which in turn is expected to encourage economic growth and reduce social problems such as unemployment and crime. Successful examples from other countries, such as South Korea, show that a strong education system can contribute significantly to economic growth. The method used in this research is a literature review, which collects and analyzes various studies related to the influence of education on economic growth. The literature sources used include books, academic journals, and research reports, which allows the authors to gain a broader picture of trends, findings, and research gaps in this topic.

This study aims to analyze the impact of globalization on economic development in developing countries, focusing on both its positive and negative effects. Globalization has accelerated the integration of the global economy, enabling developing countries to access global markets, advanced technologies, and foreign direct investment (FDI). On the other hand, globalization also presents challenges such as economic inequality, dependency on developed nations, and resource exploitation. Using a qualitative approach with a literature review method, this study explores various data and literature from scientific journals, international organization reports, and related publications. The findings reveal that globalization significantly contributes to economic growth in developing countries through increased international trade, technology transfer, and job creation. However, these effects are not evenly distributed across sectors and social groups, leading to income disparities and uneven development. Furthermore, globalization pressures often push developing countries to adopt economic policies that are less supportive of local sectors, reducing domestic economic competitiveness. This study recommends the importance of balanced and sustainable development-oriented policies to maximize the benefits of globalization while minimizing its adverse impacts. Thus, developing countries can optimize globalization’s potential as a tool for inclusive and sustainable economic development.

Population growth is a significant phenomenon in the context of global economic development. This article discusses the dynamics of population growth and its impact on a sustainable economy. Rapid growth can provide opportunities, such as increased labor force and larger consumption markets, but it also brings serious challenges, including pressure on limited natural resources and infrastructure. With an eye on the interaction between population and economy, effective strategies need to be put in place to ensure that population growth becomes an asset, not a burden. Investments in education, sustainable infrastructure development, and inclusive migration policies are key to achieving the desired balance. This article emphasizes the importance of integration between population growth and economic sustainability to build an inclusive and prosperous future for all.  

Effective, efficient and structured management of personnel data is an important requirement to support smooth administration and operations in the government environment. This study aims to design and implement a technology-based personnel data management system at the Limapuluh Subdistrict Office, Batu Bara Regency. This system is designed to overcome various problems that arose in previous manual systems, such as data duplication, slow administration processes, and the risk of data loss. The methods used include system requirements analysis through interviews, application-based system design using the Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Sequence Diagram and Class Diagram models, as well as system implementation on available devices. The main features developed include employee data recording, digital attendance, work schedule management, and automatic reporting. The implementation results show that the new system is able to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of personnel data management, speed up the administration process, and increase data security. By training administrative staff, this system also strengthens the human resource management capabilities of the Fifty District Head Office. It is hoped that this research can be a solution and reference for other government agencies that want to digitize personnel data management.

Personnel Leave Application Information System Application: The Personnel Leave Information System at the Batu Bara Regency Regional General Hospital is an application built for the web-based leave application process. This research was conducted on the Staff Leave Information System at the Regional General Hospital of Batu Bara Regency using research methods, namely the Observation method, Library Research, Field Research, needs analysis, system design, and system implementation. Use Case Diagram, Activity Diagram, Data Flow Diagram ( DFD), Sequence Diagram, Class Diagram. This application was built using software, namely the PHP programming language, HTML, CodeIgniter, Composer database used by MySQL. The application built operates on the Windows Operating System. The WEB-based Application for the Information System for Applying for Employee Leave at the Batu Bara Regency Regional General Hospital has helped the Batu Bara Regency Regional General Hospital in registering and informing employee leave applications quickly and accurately, and can also provide information to employees to find out whether the leave process has been approved or not. approved.  

The capital market becomes a place for investors to invest capital and share company for to obtain flow of funds as additional business capital. Capital market conditions are influenced by factors macro that are social, economic, and political. Political factors are very influential in trading stocks in 2024​​ that is election general (election). Research objectives This is for know whether There is difference before and after announcement results presidential election 2024 to the capital market sector energy, technology, infrastructure. Research This use approach event study and is study quantitative. Taking samples in research This use purposive sampling. The data used consists of on ten-day price closing stocks and trading volume share sector energy, infrastructure, and technology listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis method used in study is a t-test difference analysis model. The results of the study This show No existence difference abnormal returns and trading volume activity before and after announcement results election president 2024 in the sector energy, technology, and infrastructure.

The study is titled Analysis of Digital Literacy Ability Levels at Grand Dian Slawi Hotel Staff. The purpose of the study is to evaluate and understand the level of digital literacy capabilities owned by Hotel Grand Dian Slawi staff in various aspects, such as the use of information technology, digital communication, online collaboration and data security. The study used a quantitative approach with survey methods using questionnaires deployed to 26 hotel staff. The results of the study showed that most staff have excellent digital literacy rates with an average percentage of 92.31%. There are still some aspects that need to be improved, such as understanding digital ethics and valid information selection. The findings provide useful insights for the development of training programs that are more effective in improving digital skills in hospitality work environments. Keywords digital literacy, hotel staff, information technology, digital communication

Advances in digital technology have changed the way of living and interacting in modern society. Although it provides many conveniences, technology also has the potential to disrupt the balance of life and cause alienation from the spiritual dimension. This research explores multidisciplinary approaches that can be applied to integrate spiritual values into digital lifestyles holistically and contextually. Through a literature review, several main approaches can be identified, namely digital theology, digital psychology, digital sociology, technology ethics, and integrative multidisciplinary approaches. The digital theology approach emphasizes the importance of presenting spirituality in a format relevant to the digital generation. Digital psychology examines the impact of technology on mental health and offers spiritual activity as a solution. Digital sociology looks at changes in community structure and opportunities for building virtual spiritual communities. Technology ethics considers the moral and spiritual implications of technological development. Lastly, an integrative multidisciplinary approach combines multiple perspectives to offer a comprehensive solution. By combining these approaches, this study seeks to find a balance between advances in digital technology and the appreciation of spiritual values in an online-connected society.

Decision Support System (DSS) is a system used to assist decision makers in determining the best alternative based on certain criteria. Determining retirement eligibility for ASN (State Civil Apparatus) employees is one of the important aspects in human resource management, where this decision affects the future of employee careers, their welfare, and state budget management. This study proposes the development of a decision support system for determining retirement eligibility for ASN employees using the Multi-Attribute Decision Making (MADM) method. The MADM method is a decision-making technique that considers several criteria and alternatives to produce optimal decisions. In this study, the criteria used to determine retirement eligibility include retirement age, length of service, work performance, health, and other factors relevant to the applicable pension policy. The method used in this system includes several steps, namely identifying criteria, assigning weights to each criterion, and evaluating alternatives based on these criteria using calculation techniques such as AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) or TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The results of this evaluation will provide recommendations on whether an employee is eligible for retirement or can still continue his career. The developed system is expected to facilitate the decision-making process regarding ASN employee retirement by providing objective and transparent analysis, so that the decisions taken are more appropriate and in accordance with applicable policies. Thus, this system can improve efficiency and effectiveness in human resource management in government agencies.

In the era of agricultural digitalization, dependence on Internet of Things (IoT) technology is increasing, yet supporting infrastructure remains vulnerable to connectivity disruptions. This research aims to develop an alternative protocol for IoT-based agricultural systems that can operate during internet connection failures, focusing on implementing a failsafe mode using NodeMCU ESP8266. The research methodology includes developing a monitoring system using soil moisture sensors and ultrasonic sensors for water level detection, as well as performance evaluation based on decision-making accuracy parameters, mode transition response time, and consistency in water management. Implementation results showed a 40,1% reduction in water consumption compared to traditional irrigation methods. The failsafe mechanism demonstrated sustained operations with 98% reliability in maintaining optimal soil moisture levels during 72-hour offline periods. This research contributes significantly to the development of smart agriculture through a cost-effective and scalable solution, particularly for areas with limited infrastructure that only require basic internet connectivity and minimal maintenance.

An expert system for diagnosing diseases in tilapia is one solution to help fish farmers detect and treat diseases that attack tilapia. In this study, an expert system was developed using the VCIRS (Voting Classifier for Integrated Rule Set) method to diagnose tilapia diseases based on the symptoms shown. The VCIRS method was chosen because of its ability to combine several classifiers to improve diagnostic accuracy. This system allows users, especially fish farmers, to enter symptoms observed in tilapia and obtain a diagnosis of possible diseases and appropriate treatment recommendations. The evaluation results showed that this system has a good level of accuracy in diagnosing tilapia diseases, by providing fast and accurate results, and making it easier for fish farmers to make decisions related to fish health. This expert system is expected to increase the productivity of tilapia cultivation by reducing the mortality rate of fish due to diseases that are not detected quickly.  

The problem of household waste, which accounts for 50-70% of the total waste in Indonesia, mainly in the form of organic waste such as food and vegetable scraps, is a major challenge in environmental management. Composting is an effective method of managing organic waste by turning it into compost. However, organic waste management in Indonesia is still minimally practiced because it is considered to have no economic value. A 50 kg capacity composter machine equipped with a vertical mixer and using an electric motor can increase composting efficiency. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of composter machines and to analyze the effect of speed and mixing time on composter machines on the homogeneity of organic waste. The research method used is quantitative experimental with factorial experimental design (DOE) to analyze the effect of speed and stirring time on the composter machine on the homogeneity of organic waste. The stirring speed variations tested were 30, 45, and 60 RPM, with mixing times of 20, 30, and 40 minutes. The results showed that the single mixer composter machine proved to be feasible and reliable in producing homogeneous organic waste, with a high process capability value of 5.86. The use of mixing speed from 30 RPM to 60 RPM and mixing time from 20 minutes to 40 minutes significantly increased the homogeneity of organic waste, with the highest value of 97.54% at 60 RPM speed for 40 minutes.  

Abstract. From the perspective of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), fluctuations in raw material prices are highly concerning as they can significantly impact business stability. While MSMEs may tolerate price fluctuations to some extent, from an industrial engineering perspective, such a passive approach contradicts the principles of continuous improvement. This study seeks to predict the price of large red chili peppers using five regression models implemented through Orange Data Mining: Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), and Gradient Boosting. Due to the limited availability of daily data, particularly within a daily timeframe, the study utilized weekly data spanning three years. The results of the Test and Score evaluation shows Gradient Boosting as the best-performing model, achieving a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 0.7%. However, the MAPE for predictions in January 2025 increased to 15.8%. This error is expected to decrease as more weekly data becomes available to mitigate the inaccuracies inherent in this model. Keywords: prediction, red chilli, regression, supervised learning , orange data mining. Abstrak. Dalam perspektif UMKM, fluktuasi harga bahan baku adalah suatu hal yang paling ditakuti karena berakibat pada ketahanan usaha yang menjadi tidak menentu. Pada suatu kondisi, fluktuasi harga dapat diterima para UMKM, namun dalam perspektif teknik industri, sikap UMKM tersebut tidak sesuai prinsip continuous improvement. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk memprediksi harga cabai merah besar dengan menggunakan 5 model regresi dibantu Orange Data Mining. Yaitu Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine, Tree, kNN, Gradient Boosting. Data yang diperlukan sebagian besar tidak tersedia, khususnya dalam kerangka waktu harian sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan data mingguan selama 3 tahun. Hasil Test and Score menunjukkan model Gradient Boost terpilih menjadi model terbaik dengan tingkat MAPE 0.7% namun MAPE pada tahap Prediction di bulan Januari 2025 menjadi 15.8%. Error tersebut akan berkurang ketika data mingguan sudah cukup banyak untuk menambal kesalahan yang dihasilkan model ini Kata kunci: prediksi, cabai merah, regression, supervised learning , orange data mining.

This research focuses on the Study of Public Green Open Space in Lima Puluh District, Batu Bara Regency with the Remote Sensing Method. This research is included in the type of practical research. Qualitative research method is a research method based on the philosophy of post positivism, used to research on natural object conditions, Data analysis is the process of systematically searching for and compiling data obtained from the results of interviews, field notes, and documentation. Data Reduction Analysis Method, Data Presentation and Drawing Conclusions. The results of the research Green open space are an essential element of a city, in creating city development is required to be environmentally friendly. Environmentally friendly development is mandatory, as a fulfillment of sustainability principles. The natural resources that are owned today must also be felt by future generations. Being in a tropical climate makes Indonesia have abundant natural resources. This is a good thing for the Indonesian state. Many countries are experiencing a natural resource crisis, Indonesia can increase foreign exchange by trading natural resources products to other countries.

This study aims to describe the Analysis of the Implementation of Policy and Integrated Transportation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in Medan City. The qualitative research method is also known as a method where the research is conducted under natural conditions. This research method is a scientific procedure or approach to obtain data with specific objectives. Data analysis is the process of systematically searching for and organizing data. The data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The data obtained are then analysed through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that the Medan City Government is currently implementing significant development in urban mobility with two main activities: the development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and the development of Kesawan and Merdeka Square areas. Both activities emphasize the importance of developing pedestrian and cyclist facilities while facilitating the people of Medan City in accessing public transportation. These efforts are positive actions taken by the Medan City Government toward the development of sustainable urban mobility while ensuring that all corners of Medan City can be reached by quality public transportation.

This study aims to examine the Analysis of the Development of the Tangkahan Tourism Area. This type of research uses qualitative descriptive research. The data collection techniques in this study are interviews and observations. Data collection is data obtained from research sources that are still raw and have not been processed by researchers Data reduction, data presentation, the process of drawing conclusions involves the researcher interpreting the data that has been displayed. The methods carried out include comparisons, grouping, making patterns, and triangulating. The results of tourism development research are carried out with the aim of making tourism advanced and developing in a better direction in terms of the quality of facilities, facilitating access anywhere, becoming a desired destination, and making good economic benefits for the surrounding community. Tourism planning and development is not a stand-alone system, but is closely related to other development planning systems intra-sectoral and intra-regional. Then the development of tourist destinations requires good and appropriate planning techniques. The development technique must combine several aspects to support the success of tourism. These aspects are accessibility aspects (transportation and marketing channels), characteristics of tourism infrastructure, level of social interaction, linkage/compatibility with other sectors, resilience to tourism impacts, level of resistance of local communities, and so on.

This study aims to analyze the development of the Bukit Lawang tourism area. The research employs descriptive and qualitative data analysis, focusing on a problem-solving approach that is based on descriptions rather than numerical data. The purpose of using a qualitative research method is to facilitate a better understanding of information from the sources used as data, providing an effective comprehension of the ecotourism development strategy being studied. The qualitative analysis involves data collection through interviews, observations, documentation, and other methods. The research findings indicate that income from the development of the Bukit Lawang tourism sector has not significantly impacted the local revenue (PAD) of Langkat Regency as a whole. This is because Bukit Lawang tourism has not been fully implemented and managed effectively by the government. Tourism and conservation activities in Bukit Lawang have yet to be supported by proper tourism area planning, which is essential for sustainable tourism. The land division by the government is currently limited to conservation areas, plantations, and community-owned lands. Sustainable tourism land use planning would make Bukit Lawang a more responsive area. Achieving a sustainable tourism area in Bukit Lawang requires the involvement of both the government and local communities.

This research shows that the effectiveness of learning is measured by the success of the relationship between students and teachers to achieve learning goals. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of audio visual media in learning Pancasila and Civics Education (PPKn) in class VII of SMP Negeri 6 Samarinda and its inhibiting factors. The research subjects involved Civics teachers, principals, and students using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results showed that the use of audio visual media had a positive impact on students' participation and involvement in learning. Although some students did not fully agree, overall audio visual media improved students' understanding. However, there are internal inhibiting factors such as students' limited knowledge and motivation, as well as external factors such as internet access problems, lack of technological infrastructure, and support from the environment that affect the effectiveness of using audio visual media in learning.