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This paper discusses the cognitive development of 5-6 year old children in PAUD KB Ananda. Early childhood cognitive abilities in PAUD KB Ananda are described in this study. It includes aspects of cognitive development such as creativity, problem-solving, memory, and thinking skills. This research was conducted through case studies and a qualitative descriptive approach. Data was collected through observation, interviews with teachers and parents. The results of the study showed that most children in PAUD KB Ananda showed good cognitive development according to their age, although there were individual differences in development levels. Certain children are highly creative and critical, but some require further stimulation for some cognitive aspects.

The aim of this research is to determine the role of literacy activities in encouraging student creativity at SMPN 21 Serang City. It is hoped that literacy, as an important component in education, can help students improve their critical and creative thinking abilities. At this school, literacy activities such as writing, reading and discussions are carried out with the aim of broadening horizons and improving communication skills. This research was conducted qualitatively through case studies and using observations, interviews and documentation of literacy activities in schools. The results show that literacy activities at SMPN 21 Serang City have a significant influence on increasing student creativity, both in academic and non-academic terms. Students are more creative, complete assignments in innovative ways, and participate actively in learning activities.    

In the ever-evolving landscape of entrepreneurship, life skills play a crucial role in developing and realizing innovative business ideas. This article explores how life skills such as critical thinking, creativity, effective communication, and time management contribute to business innovation. These skills not only assist entrepreneurs in designing and refining new ideas but also support problem-solving, adapting to change, and managing complex challenges. By integrating life skills into the idea development process, entrepreneurs can enhance their competitiveness and create unique and relevant solutions. The article also includes case studies from various successful companies and provides practical recommendations for developing life skills that foster innovation. Overall, life skills are a fundamental foundation in realizing innovative business ideas, influencing both the creative process and the final outcomes of entrepreneurial ventures.

This study aims to optimize students' historical thinking skills through the School Environment Introduction Program at SMAN 1 Baros. This program is designed to improve students' understanding of history by developing critical, analytical, and interpretive skills in understanding historical events. The research methods used are literature studies and case studies. The results of the study indicate that students' historical thinking skills at SMAN 1 Baros are still low, which is caused by lecture-based learning and limited learning resources. This program focuses on developing an understanding of the concepts of time, space, and society, as well as the application of interactive and project-based learning to improve students' critical thinking skills. This optimization is expected to create a generation that thinks independently, creatively, and wisely in facing global and local challenges.    

Applying storytelling techniques using puppet media is an interesting method for increasing interest in reading in young children. This technique uses dolls as a visual medium that can attract children's attention, thus making the storytelling process more interactive and fun. Dolls, which act as characters in the story, are able to make the story more alive and make it easier for children to understand the message they want to convey. Apart from that, this technique encourages children to participate more actively, both in listening to stories and in responding to the stories being told, which in turn increases their interest in books and reading activities.The use of puppet media in telling stories can enrich children's learning experiences, because it not only develops listening and speaking skills, but also stimulates children's imagination, introduces new vocabulary, and forms a more creative way of thinking. With a more enjoyable atmosphere, children become more interested in reading books that contain similar stories, which helps strengthen their relationship with the world of literacy. Therefore, storytelling techniques using puppet media are an effective approach to introduce literacy from an early age, increase children's interest in reading, and develop their language skills.

In a rapidly evolving and uncertain business environment, having the right entrepreneurial mindset is crucial for long-term success. This article examines various strategies that entrepreneurs can apply to navigate the ever-changing business landscape. The main focus is on the importance of adapting to change, continuous innovation, effective risk management, and developing mental and emotional resilience. Additionally, the article highlights the significance of flexibility, inspirational leadership, and the ability to collaborate in facing dynamic market challenges. By cultivating a creative mindset, being open to feedback, and thinking long-term, entrepreneurs can leverage opportunities arising from change and ensure the sustainability of their businesses. The article concludes that an adaptive and innovative entrepreneurial mindset is the key to overcoming the increasingly complex business challenges and achieving success in a competitive market.

The implementation of creative and innovative learning models based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) in the digital era is a must in an effort to improve the quality of education that is relevant to the challenges of the times. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of creative and innovative learning models based on HOTS in the digital era and identify supporting and inhibiting factors in the process. This study uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection was carried out using interview and observation guidelines. Data analysis was carried out in stages, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the creative and innovative learning mode approach based on HOTS is very important to improve students' critical and creative thinking skills, which are the main needs in facing the challenges of the 21st century.

The implementation of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based questions in primary school education aims to enhance students' critical and creative thinking abilities. However, the biggest challenge in its implementation is how to assess and improve students' understanding of HOTS questions. This study aims to evaluate the understanding of 6-C grade students at SDN 101766 Bandar Setia regarding HOTS questions in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) learning, identify existing gaps in understanding, and provide recommendations for more effective teaching strategies. The research method used is direct observation complemented by a HOTS questionnaire consisting of five questions focused on students' abilities in analysis, evaluation, and creation. The study participants involved 17 students from grade 6-C who were observed in November 2024. The results showed that only 23.5% of students were able to answer the questions well, while the majority, 58.8%, did not understand the questions at all. The students with moderate understanding amounted to 17.7%. Based on these results, it is recommended that HOTS questions be introduced gradually, with improvements in teaching methods and the creation of a learning environment that supports the development of students' critical thinking skills.

The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of learning simulations in the Pancasila Education subject in implementing creative learning strategies for grade 2 students at SD Negeri Cangkiran 01. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach, where data collection was carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were 2nd grade teachers and 28 students. The research results show that educational simulations are effective in increasing students' understanding of Pancasila values. This also helps students create more interactive and interesting learning strategies. Demonstrated by better critical thinking skills, better understanding of concepts, and increased student engagement in learning. Educational games based on Pancasila values, stories and role plays are one of the creative learning strategies used. This research shows that educational simulation can be an effective learning alternative in instilling Pancasila values in grade 2 elementary school students at SD Negeri Cangkiran 01.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the "Hijrah as Inspiration" learning model in enhancing self-improvement motivation among sixth-grade students at SDIT Syahiral 'Ilmi Bukittinggi. Using a Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach, the model integrates historical storytelling, group discussions, and creative projects related to the Islamic concept of hijrah (migration). Data were collected through observations, interviews, and pre-post motivation tests involving 25 students. Results showed a significant increase in students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation scores (from 61.2 to 76.4), along with improved Islamic Education (PAI) academic performance (from 78.5 to 85.2). Behavioral changes, such as proactive collaboration and reflective thinking, were observed. The study concludes that embedding hijrah values into learning activities effectively fosters students' spiritual and academic growth. Recommendations include teacher training, parental involvement, and further research to adapt the model across diverse Islamic educational contexts.

Digitalization is the main pillar of change in various aspects of life, including education and social interaction. Balai Diklat Keagamaan Palembang has adopted digital transformation through the development of eL TV, a digital learning platform. This research aims to analyze the User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) on the eL TV website of the Palembang Religious Education and Training Center from an anthropological perspective using the Design Thinking method. This approach integrates aspects of culture, habits, and user behavior to create socially and contextually relevant designs. The research stages include Empathize through observations and interviews to understand user needs, Define to identify key problems, Ideate to generate creative solutions, Prototype to build an initial design that is responsive to local values, and Test to measure the effectiveness of the new design. This research concludes that an anthropological approach to UI/UX design through the Design Thinking method can increase user relevance and satisfaction with the eL TV website, while encouraging the use of technology that is more inclusive and oriented to the needs of local communities.  

Early literacy materials can give a person softness of heart, critical thinking skills and creative understanding. The purpose of this study was to understand the ways in which teachers teach group B children aged 5-6 years about the concept of reading and to identify factors that may hinder the successful implementation of these strategies. This study utilized a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data was collected by conducting observations, interviews and documentation. The research noted that teachers apply a variety of strategies in introducing core reading concepts including; whiteboard media as an opener, coloring as a habituation in recognizing letters, letter guessing games with smart wall media, storytelling, stage books. The implementation of these strategies has been quite optimally done at Ra Al-Kamal because the teachers are very enthusiastic and fast so that the learning process is carried out conducively. 

This study aims to develop and implement Problem-Based Learning (PBL) and Project-Based Learning (PJBL) learning models in mathematics learning at SD Negeri No. 18 Bababulo, Majene Regency. The main objective of implementing these two models is to increase student involvement, as well as critical, analytical, and creative thinking skills in solving mathematical problems. The implementation procedure began with an introduction to the theme of the impact of plastic waste on the environment. Students were divided into six groups to discuss problems, develop project plans, and conduct observations. The results showed that students were actively involved, with significant increases in motivation and critical thinking skills. Enthusiasm was seen during discussions and presentations, although there were challenges related to self-confidence during presentations, which were overcome through practice from the teacher. The conclusion of this study states that the implementation of PBL and PJBL is effective in improving students' understanding of mathematical concepts and social skills. Suggested follow-ups include consistent implementation of both models and periodic evaluation to improve the quality of learning.

The application of the philosophy of progressive education within the Merdeka Curriculum aims to create a more student-centered education system that encourages active and contextual learning. Progressivism emphasizes the importance of hands-on experiences and the development of critical thinking skills through real projects and discussions. In the context of the Merdeka Curriculum, this approach allows students to explore their interests and talents more independently, with teachers acting as facilitators guiding the learning process. Through project-based learning, collaboration, and authentic assessment, the Merdeka Curriculum provides students with the opportunity to explore their interests and talents. This research identifies various strategies that educators can adopt to integrate the principles of progressivism, such as using active learning methods and allowing freedom in choosing learning materials. The implementation of the progressive philosophy presents several challenges, including teachers' readiness to adopt new roles, the need to adjust the curriculum to local contexts, and the availability of adequate resources. However, this application also offers significant opportunities to enhance the quality of education by producing graduates who are more adaptive, creative, and capable of solving complex problems. This study highlights how the application of progressive philosophy in the Merdeka Curriculum can increase student motivation, develop 21st-century skills, and prepare them for future challenges. Therefore, it is essential to continuously evaluate and develop this approach to align with the evolving times and national educational needs.

This study aims to analysis (1) learning strategies that student use in facing the Indonesian Academic Competency Test (TKA)  at MAN 3 Kediri, (2) learning model that teachers apply in facing the Indonesian language Academic Competency Test (TKA) at MAN 3 Kediri, (3) things that support students learning process in facing the Indonesian language Academic Competency Test (TKA) at MAN 3 Kediri. This resulting data source was obtained from a questionnaire distributed by researches to class XII students at MAN 3 Kediri. The data collection technique used was a student questionnaire or survey via a google form plate which was filled in by class XII students at MAN 3 Kediri. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis to explain the results of the survey obtained. The data validity technique employed is triangulation. The analysis results show that students receive learning strategies through direct instruction or by practicing the material directly through exercise questions. Additionally, the difficulty level of the questions varies, ranging from lower-level to higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). Furthermore, the teacher also prepares an appropriate teaching model to help students face the Indonesian Language TKA (National Competency Test). The result shows that the teacher applies the PAIKEM approach (active, innovative, creative, effective, and enjoyable). The supporting strategy includes practice questions that encourage students' understanding.  

At SMP Negeri 2 Gucialit, teachers have difficulty designing and implementing learning models that can develop students to have skills in critical thinking and problem solving, creative thinking skills, communication skills, and collaboration skills. The aim of this community service is to expand understanding of concepts and improve the skills of Junior High School teachers in designing project-based learning through lesson study. The method used in community service consists of three stages, namely preparation, implementation and evaluation. In the preparation stage, field survey activities and coordination with service partners were carried out. At the implementation stage, material is provided, practice is carried out in developing project-based learning teaching modules through lesson study and discussion. At the evaluation stage, an assessment of the results of the activities was carried out using a questionnaire distributed to participants by the community service team. Based on the results of the questionnaire, it shows that the percentage of answers achieved was 59.3% strongly agree with the benefits of this activity, 37% agree, 3.7% neutral, and there were no answers strongly disagree or disagree. This shows that this service activity increases the understanding of the concepts and skills of Junior High School teachers in designing project-based learning through lesson study. Apart from that, this community service activity produces project-based learning teaching module products and aquascape learning media.

The use of AI is seen as aiding the learning process, and students have used AI for various purposes in their coursework. This article aims to investigate the impact of AI use on their innovation and creativity, as well as the possibility of AI replacing lecturers. A qualitative study was conducted with 53 student respondents. Questions were asked about the definition of AI, the applications of AI they use, whether AI can enhance creativity and innovation, and whether AI will one day replace lecturers. The findings indicate that AI is artificial intelligence that serves as an aid in the student learning process. The majority of students use ChatGPT, and 37 students stated that AI can enhance their innovation and creativity by providing inspiration and initial ideas. AI is also a tool that accelerates the learning process and facilitates creative work, as well as AI as a means of developing skills such as critical reasoning and data analysis. However, the majority also stated that dependence on AI can actually reduce critical thinking and creativity. Regarding the role of lecturers, 41 students stated that AI cannot replace them. The implication of these findings is that AI can be used wisely while still being aware of its limitations and ethical use. The role of lecturers must be further enhanced to ensure that student learning processes address AI's limitations and allow students to further enhance their innovation and creativity, while simultaneously mitigating the associated risks.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on students' creative thinking abilities in Christian religious and character education subjects in class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2024/2025 academic year. The method used in this research is a quantitative research method with Pre-Experimental One Shot Case Study statistics. The population was all class Data was collected using a 20 item questionnaire. The results of data analysis show that there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on students' creative thinking abilities in the Christian religious and character education subjects in class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2024/2025 academic year. Test analysis requirements, namely tcount = 8.376 > ttable = 2.042. It is known that the tcount value is in the area of ​​rejection of H0 and acceptance of Ha, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach on students' creative thinking abilities in Christian religious and character education subjects in class XII at SMK Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2024/2025 academic year.

Mathematics and Natural Sciences (MIPA) education has a very important role in shaping a smart, creative and innovative generation, in line with Indonesia's national education goals. This article explores the contribution of MIPA in improving the quality of education in Indonesia, especially through the development of critical and analytical thinking skills. This research uses a literature study method with a qualitative descriptive approach, and is supported by interviews with teachers in East Kalimantan. The results showed that MIPA learning can help learners develop scientific skills and form positive characters such as honesty, consistency and logical thinking. In addition, teachers, principals and parents have a crucial role in supporting the improvement of education quality. With the synergy of various parties, the integration of MIPA materials is expected to realize the goals of national education, namely creating a society that is intelligent, noble, and ready to face global challenges.    

This training aims to introduce and apply a product-based learning (PBL) approach in a kindergarten (TK) environment. PBL is a student-centered learning method where children learn through exploration, problem solving and collaboratively in producing a product. In the kindergarten context, PBL focuses on developing children's cognitive, social and motor skills through hands-on learning and writing activities. This training was developed for kindergarten teachers with a theoretical understanding of PBL, PBL planning methods that are adapted to child development, as well as creative and effective classroom implementation strategies. Educators are trained to design programs that connect to the kindergarten curriculum, conduct product-based learning, assess children's progress in critical thinking, communication and collaboration skills. The hope is that this training can help teachers create an interesting and meaningful learning environment for children, encouraging creativity, curiosity and enthusiasm for learning. It is hoped that the results of this training can improve the quality of children's education through the effective implementation of PBL.