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This research conducted a systematic literature review of studies related to analyzing service quality based on user reviews with a machine learning approach. A total of 15 international and national journals were analyzed to identify challenges, methods, and trends in research in this aspect. The review results show that Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Sentiment Analysis techniques are the dominant approaches, with machine learning models such as Deep Learning, Naive Bayes, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) being commonly used. The review also identifies research gaps and provides recommendations for future research directions.

Oil palm is a key commodity supporting Indonesia’s economy through exports and employment. The industry’s success depends heavily on the selection of superior seedlings, which determine productivity, crop quality, and resistance to pests and diseases. Manual selection, however, often leads to subjectivity and inconsistency due to limited human resources and genetic variation. To address this, the study applies the Naïve Bayes algorithm for classifying oil palm seedlings based on seven variables: height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf color, disease resistance, root growth, and fruit yield. Using an explanatory quantitative method, the study follows seven stages: identifying problems, literature review, collecting 1,000 data entries from PT Intitama Berlian Perkebunan, data pre-processing, system modeling (UML), algorithm implementation, and evaluation using a confusion matrix and black box testing. Data was split into 80% training and 20% testing. The Naïve Bayes-based classification achieved 95% accuracy and perfect recall (1.00) for the superior seedling class. However, its performance on the minority class (non-superior seedlings) was weaker due to dataset imbalance. Black box testing verified all system functions worked correctly, enabling effective and efficient use by administrators. The study concludes that Naïve Bayes improves objectivity, efficiency, and accuracy in seedling selection. Nonetheless, attention is needed on data balancing and optimization to maintain consistent performance across classes. This system shows strong potential as a decision-support tool in plantations and promotes digital transformation in agricultural processes.

This research is a quantitative research using quasi-experimental design. Before receiving treatment, the experimental group and the control group were given a pre-test to evaluate students' science literacy. The location of the research was carried out on Jalan Lintas Riau, class IV SDN 0401, Pasar Ujung Batu Village, Sosa District, Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatra Province. The research time was carried out in the odd semester in July-October 2024/2025. The sample of this study used 25 students, namely the experimental and control classes. The data collection technique for this study used tests and interviews. Based on the results of the study, the increase in students' science literacy skills was also strengthened by empirical findings in this study, where the average post-test score in the experimental class reached 80.16, much higher than the control class which only reached 73.20. In addition, the results of the t-test showed a very small significance value (p = 0.000056), indicating that the difference in learning outcomes between the two classes was not a coincidence, but a real result of the application of the CTL model. The fact that the experimental class showed lower variance in the posttest also indicates that the CTL model is able to balance achievement between students and reduce academic gaps.

This study was conducted because some students are still less able in learning multiplication or have not memorized multiplication from 1 to 10 and students who still think that multiplication operations are difficult to memorize, so that their multiplication calculation ability is still quite low. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the jarimatika method with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model on the multiplication calculation ability of grade 3 students of SD Negeri Pangarangan V. This study uses a quantitative descriptive research type with a descriptive model and a pre-experimental design approach. The sample in this study used 30 grade 3 students. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, interviews, documentation and tests. Hypothesis testing requires data collection, in this study the researcher used a test (pretest-posttest). The implementation of the pretest and posttest can be seen from the average. The average pretest score obtained by students was 60.33 and the posttest score obtained by students was 80.00. Furthermore, the prerequisite test, namely the normality test, the researcher used the Shapiro Wilk technique. Based on the results of the normality test, the P-value at Sig. (2-tailed) in the pretest is 0.062 <0.05 and the P-value at Sig. (2-tailed) in the posttest is 0.065 <0.05. Next is the hypothesis test using the t-test (paired sample t-test), the results of the t-test calculation (paired sample t-test) using the help of SPSS 26 computer software show the P-value results at Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000 which means <0.05 means H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, the results of the hypothesis test state that the jarimatika method with the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model is effective for the multiplication calculation ability of grade 3 students at SDN Pangarangan V.

This research aims to examine the influence of the school environment on the character development of elementary school students through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The main focus is on the role of teachers and the condition of the school environment as important factors in the formation of students' character, especially amid the challenges of technological development and digitalization. Five relevant articles from 2021-2025 were systematically analyzed to obtain a comprehensive overview. The study findings show that a safe, inclusive and supportive school environment, as well as teachers who serve as positive role models, are helpful in creating values such as discipline, responsibility, honesty and social responsibility. However, this process still faces obstacles such as lack of teacher training, limited time in the curriculum, and high academic pressure. Therefore, collaboration between teachers, schools and parents is needed to create a learning environment that supports optimal character development.

This systematic literature review examines queue system simulation in hospitals across four key service areas: emergency departments, outpatient clinics, laboratories, and pharmacies. Following PRISMA methodology, 72 relevant studies (2015-2020) were analyzed to identify simulation models, software tools, performance parameters, and emerging trends. Findings reveal Discrete-Event Simulation dominance (59.7%), with increasing hybrid model adoption integrating System Dynamics and Agent-Based approaches. Emergency departments remain the primary application focus (52.8%), while Arena and AnyLogic emerged as predominant simulation platforms. Patient waiting time (91.7%) and resource utilization (77.8%) constitute the most evaluated performance metrics. Technological convergence trends demonstrate integration of real-time data analytics, machine learning, and digital twin concepts into traditional simulation frameworks. This review contributes methodological insights for optimizing hospital queueing systems while identifying research gaps in cross-departmental model interoperability and comprehensive value-based performance evaluation within contemporary healthcare systems.  

This article discusses the use of technology and learning models on student learning outcomes and interests in elementary schools. In elementary schools, learning innovation is very important to improve education and student learning outcomes. Using technology and implementing innovative learning models as a strategy to make learning more effective, interesting, and meaningful. Interactive applications, digital devices, and online platforms are some of the technologies that help students be more actively involved in class, such as quizz application training, digital dictionaries, educational games, learning videos, and so on that make learning more fun and interactive. In addition, learning models such as project-based learning (also known as Project-Based Learning), cooperative learning Think Pair Share, and problem-based learning are used to improve student learning outcomes and increase their interest in learning in elementary schools. An effective combination of appropriate teaching techniques and technological support has been shown to improve student understanding, enthusiasm, and learning outcomes at the elementary school level. Thus, educators must continue to innovate and keep up with technological advances in order to provide optimal learning experiences for their students.

Technological development has brought significant changes to the world of education, notably through the implementation of digital learning systems. However, these changes have also significantly impacted students' mental health. This research aims to analyze various factors affecting students' mental health in the digital learning era and to identify their impacts. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology using various published journals. Analysis was conducted using Huber and Miles' interactive analysis model. The results reveal that high academic workload, lack of social interaction, technology dependence, inequitable learning access, and limited emotional support are the main factors affecting students' mental health. Common impacts include academic stress, anxiety, mild to severe depression, digital fatigue, and physical health disorders. Therefore, collaborative efforts from students, families, educational institutions, and government are needed to create a healthy digital learning system.

Critical thinking skills are essential for students to be able to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems systematically. However, during learning, many students still have difficulty in developing these skills, which can be caused by less interactive learning methods and the lack of implementation of effective teaching strategies. This study aims to determine the efforts of social studies teachers in improving critical thinking skills of grade VIII students at SMPN 1 Sumbergempol. This study is a type of case study research. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. This study shows that the efforts made by teachers in improving students' critical thinking in social studies learning are to give students a problem and they must solve the problem, in addition, the use of strategies, methods, models, and learning media also have an effect on improving students' critical thinking, especially in social science learning.

Technological development has brought significant changes to the world of education, notably through the implementation of digital learning systems. However, these changes have also significantly impacted students' mental health. This research aims to analyze various factors affecting students' mental health in the digital learning era and to identify their impacts. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology using various published journals. Analysis was conducted using Huber and Miles' interactive analysis model. The results reveal that high academic workload, lack of social interaction, technology dependence, inequitable learning access, and limited emotional support are the main factors affecting students' mental health. Common impacts include academic stress, anxiety, mild to severe depression, digital fatigue, and physical health disorders. Therefore, collaborative efforts from students, families, educational institutions, and government are needed to create a healthy digital learning system.

Education is one of the key aspects in developing high-quality human resources. Along with the advancement of time, teachers are expected to create effective learning media in the teaching and learning process. Learning media should also be adapted to students’ learning styles, such as visual, auditory, and kinesthetic.The purpose of this study is to develop and test the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of an IPS (Social Studies) magazine as a learning medium for Grade VIII students at SMPN 3 Kedungwaru Tulungagung. This research is a development study using the ADDIE R&D model. Data were collected through interviews, needs and learner characteristic analysis, feasibility and practicality questionnaires, as well as pretest and posttest results.The findings of this study show that the IPS magazine is highly feasible, with a feasibility percentage of 89.91% from material experts and 91.18% from media experts. The practicality results based on teacher questionnaires reached 94.87%, and student responses reached 88.62%, indicating that the IPS magazine is highly practical. The effectiveness of the media was proven through the Paired Sample Test, which showed a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a difference in results before and after using the IPS magazine. Therefore, the IPS magazine is considered effective for use in the learning process.

Character education in elementary schools (SD) is an important aspect in shaping a young generation that not only possesses intellectual intelligence but also strong moral values. This article aims to explore how the integration of character education can be applied within the context of learning in elementary schools. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach, reviewing various sources on character education in SD and its implementation practices. The research findings indicate that character education integration can be carried out through a thematic approach in the curriculum, active learning models, and the role of teachers as role models. Challenges faced include time and resource limitations, as well as a lack of cooperation with parents and the community. As solutions, there is a need for the development of a character-based curriculum, teacher training, and the enhancement of synergy between schools, parents, and the community.

This article discusses the strategic role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in shaping the character of leaders with integrity, justice, and responsibility. In the context of dynamic social change, leaders who have moral and spiritual foundations are an urgent need. This study uses a qualitative approach through a literature study of the latest academic sources. The results of the analysis show that the main values ​​in PAI—such as honesty, justice, responsibility, empathy, and sincerity—have a major contribution to the formation of leadership character. Effective implementation of PAI requires the integration of religious values ​​in leadership training, contextual learning, teacher role models, and active community participation. Obstacles such as the lack of understanding of the younger generation and the influence of the secular environment are challenges in themselves, but can be overcome with collaborative and contextually relevant educational strategies. This article emphasizes the importance of making PAI a foundation in building ethical and visionary leadership.    

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in Grade XI ATPH 3 of SMK Negeri 1 Purwosari in the subject of Vocational Expertise Concentration on fertilization elements by implementing the cooperative learning model type Teams Games Tournament (TGT) using the interactive media Bamboozle. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. Data were collected through learning outcome tests, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the implementation of the TGT model supported by Bamboozle media improved students’ average scores from 54.55 in the pre-cycle to 72.73 in cycle I and 81.82 in cycle II. The percentage of mastery learning increased from 6% to 39% and then to 82%. The use of TGT combined with Bamboozle was proven effective in enhancing students’ learning outcomes, engagement, and motivation. Thus, this strategy is recommended as an alternative interactive and engaging learning method in vocational subjects at vocational schools.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become an essential tool in the world of management for decision-making. This article examines the ways in which AI can be used to improve the quality and speed of decision-making, and how AI can improve the operational efficiency of companies. In addition, this article also examines the challenges and opportunities that companies face in adopting AI.In the rapidly evolving digital era, AI has become an essential component of modern business strategies. Today's managers are often faced with the challenge of analyzing very large and complex volumes of data. To make good and timely decisions, AI offers a potential solution with fast and precise data analysis capabilities.The use of AI in decision-making involves machine learning algorithms and models to efficiently process and analyze large amounts of data. This helps managers gain deeper and more accurate insights, enabling more effective decision-making.

This study aims to analyze the abilities and challenges of grade IV elementary school students in writing argumentative sentences. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach of case study methods on ten students in one of the public elementary schools in Jambi City. Data were obtained through an argumentative sentence writing test and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that students' ability to write argumentative sentences still varies. Most of the students have been able to convey their opinions in a concise and relevant manner, but there are still obstacles in the mechanical aspects of writing such as the use of spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. These findings show the need for a learning strategy that can develop argumentative writing skills systematically and logically. Toulmin's pattern-based approach and collaborative learning models such as Group Investigation are recommended to improve students' overall argumentative writing skills from the elementary school level.

This study aims to analyze the abilities and challenges of grade IV elementary school students in writing argumentative sentences. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach of case study methods on ten students in one of the public elementary schools in Jambi City. Data were obtained through an argumentative sentence writing test and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that students' ability to write argumentative sentences still varies. Most of the students have been able to convey their opinions in a concise and relevant manner, but there are still obstacles in the mechanical aspects of writing such as the use of spelling, punctuation, and sentence structure. These findings show the need for a learning strategy that can develop argumentative writing skills systematically and logically. Toulmin's pattern-based approach and collaborative learning models such as Group Investigation are recommended to improve students' overall argumentative writing skills from the elementary school level.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a sudden and massive shift from face-to-face (offline) learning to online learning across all levels of education, including elementary schools. This article aims to analyze the transformation process, identify the challenges faced, and examine adaptive strategies implemented by educators during and after the pandemic. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, the study reveals several key issues such as unequal access to technology, limited digital competence among teachers, and the crucial role of parental support at the elementary level. It also explores how blended learning and creative media usage emerged as practical solutions. The findings highlight the need for sustainable digital education models that are inclusive, adaptive, and supportive of students' developmental needs in the post-pandemic era.

Technological shifts and changing consumer behaviors require organizations to continuously innovate in order to remain competitive. In this context, creative leadership plays a strategic role in driving market disruption through the development of relevant and adaptive business model innovations. This study adopts a qualitative approach based on secondary data using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. A variety of academic sources, including journal articles and case studies of companies such as Netflix, Gojek, and Ruangguru, were systematically analyzed to identify strategic leadership patterns in creating disruption. The findings indicate that creative leaders do more than just adopt technology—they design innovation ecosystems that foster experimentation, continuous learning, and responsiveness to market needs. Strategies such as digital platform development, big data utilization, and business model transformation serve as key tools in challenging conventional market boundaries. This study contributes conceptually to the understanding of the relationship between creative leadership and business model innovation in navigating the complexities of the digital era.

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the cooperative learning model on the ability to collaborate, communicate, and student learning outcomes in grade 2 of SD Negeri 31 Muaro. This study uses a qualitative approach with the interview method as the main data collection technique. Information was obtained through in-depth interviews with classroom teachers who have applied the cooperative learning model in the learning process. The results of the study show that the application of the cooperative learning model has a positive impact on students' ability to work together, improve communication skills between students, and contribute to improving student learning outcomes in general. Teachers state that students become more active, help each other in groups, and are more courageous to express their opinions. These findings indicate that the cooperative learning model can be an alternative effective learning strategy to improve the social and academic aspects of students at the elementary school level.