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Sustainability report disclosure is becoming increasingly important for companies, and this can be seen from several perspectives, including corporate social responsibility (CSR), and investor confidence. This study aims to analyze the effect of disclosure of environmental, social, and economic performance on company mining sector on the IDX for the period 2019-2023. Using quantitative method with multiple linear regression through SPSS 25, the sample was taken with purposive sampling with a population of companies in the mining sector listed on the IDX. Sustainability report disclosure is measured using the GRI G4 index, while firm value is measured by Market to Book Value. The results show that environmental, social, and economic performance each has a positive and significant effect on firm value. Simultaneously, the three variables also have a significant influence on firm value.

With this research, a researcher can study and analyze cases that occur on social media, representation of religious values and moderation of various efforts to prevent problems on social media. This research uses library research analysis methods and digital observation to deepen an analysis of cases that occur on social media related to religion and religious moderation. The large contribution of religious moderation is not far from problems on social media with issues off discrimination, SARA, minorities and the majority of cultural, religious, ethnic and racial diversity in virtual spaces on social media. Instilling and strengthening religious moderation and core religious values to prevent problems on social media through religious education, a frame of tolerance, harmonization and radical action.

Orang suku laut merupakan komunitas adat terpencil yang hidupnya berpindah-pindah satu pulau kepulau lainnya. Orang suku laut Kampung Panglong di Desa Berakit telah beralih tempat tinggal ke daratan. Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya selain menjadi nelayan mereka juga mempunyai usaha untuk menambah ekonomi yaitu membuka Home Industry dengan mengolah hasil tangkapan lautnya menjadi makanan seperti kerupuk ikan, ikan asin dan isi kerang yang mempunyai nilai jual yang tinggi ke masyarakat umum, selanjutnya mereka menitipkan hasil olahan produknya ke warung masyarakat Desa Berakit bertujuan untuk memperluas serta memperkuat akses pasar dalam mengembangkan potensi pendapatan yang lebih besar. Ketika menitipkan hasil olahan produknya, mereka sendiri tidak mudah mendapatkan kepercayaan dari beberapa masyarakat Berakit yang memiliki warung untuk menitipkan hasil olahan produknya, dikarenakan faktor lingkungan yang kurang bersih. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan modal sosial para pelaku home industry orang suku laut Kampung Panglong Desa Berakit. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif, dengan narasumber informan sebanyak 5 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dan pengumpulan data dengan cara wawancara. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori modal sosial oleh Robert David Putnam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa modal sosial berperan penting dalam kesuksesan pelaku home industry orang suku laut Kampung Panglong yang bekerjasama dengan masyarakat Berakit yang memiliki warung. Dimana ada faktor yang membuat modal sosial ini berhasil dalam sebuah kerjasama, yaitu faktornya berbentuk jaringan sosial, kepercayaan dan juga nilai norma, hal ini la yang membuat kerjasama pelaku home industry orang suku laut Kampung Panglong dengan masyarakat Berakit yang memiliki warung semakin berjalan lancar dan berdampak dengan ekonomi orang suku laut Kampung Panglong.

Mayoritas masyarakat suku laut adalah nelayan yang memiliki penghasilan tidak menetap. Oleh karena itu, perempuan suku laut di Kampung Panglong ikut berpartisipasi dalam perekonomian keluarga mereka. Salah satunya yaitu dengan produksi usaha industri rumah tangga berupa kerupuk ikan dan ikan asin. Dimana kegiatan ini dulunya hanya untuk dikonsumsi pribadi kini bertransformasi menjadi nilai jual. Adapun tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menjelaskan bagaimana transformasi produksi industri rumah tangga perempuan suku laut di Kampung Panglong, Desa Berakit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan informan sebanyak 4 orang, serta menggunakan teknik dan alat pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori perubahan sosial oleh Atkinson dan Brooten. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa perempuan suku laut di Kampung Panglong yang memiliki usaha produksi industri rumah tangga mengalami sebuah perubahan keadaan yang berbeda dari keadaan sebelumnya. Dimana kegiatan yang awalnya untuk konsumsi pribadi bertransformasi menjadi bentuk yang berbeda dari bentuk sebelumnya yang memiliki nilai jual yaitu usaha produksi industri rumah tangga. Perempuan suku laut di Kampung Panglong dalam proses pembuatan sudah menggunakan alat canggih yaitu blender dalam proses penghalusan ikan.

Pada tahun 2024, Indonesia akan menyelenggarakan pemilihan umum serentak yang meliputi pemilihan presiden dan pemilihan wakil rakyat di seluruh Indonesia. Masyarakat menanggapi kejadian ini dengan perasaan campur aduk, membagikan pemikirannya di situs media sosial seperti Twitter. Penelitian analisis sentimen calon presiden Indonesia tahun 2024 dilakukan terkait peristiwa ini. Sebanyak 1458 tweet digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Dengan 40,31% responden menyatakan sikap positif dan 43,46% menyatakan sentimen negatif, temuan analisis menunjukkan keseimbangan antara kedua sentimen tersebut. Menggunakan frasa "calon presiden," program Python di situs web Google Colab mengambil data twitter. Pendekatan K-Nearest Neighbor digunakan dalam proses klasifikasi. Selain itu data latih dibagi 6 : 4. 40% data uji dan 60% data latih. Nilai evaluasi yang diperoleh dari pengujian model dengan teknik K-Nearest Neighbor adalah akurasi sebesar 90,95%, presisi sebesar 62,17%, recall sebesar 62,33%, dan F-Measure sebesar 61,87%.

Di era digital saat ini, media sosial semakin populer sebagai alat komunikasi. Namun, penggunaan media sosial sering kali dikaitkan dengan tindakan-tindakan tidak bermoral seperti melecehkan, menghina, atau menyebarkan informasi yang tidak benar. Cara penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam etika di media sosial masih belum ideal. Sementara beberapa pengguna media sosial mampu memenuhi cita-cita seperti keadilan, kebersamaan, dan kerja sama, ada juga pengguna lain yang sering melanggar standar-standar ini. Beberapa elemen yang menyulitkan penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila di media sosial adalah kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang prinsip-prinsip ini, tidak adanya pengawasan dan kontrol, dan hak untuk bebas berpendapat yang sering disalahgunakan. Hal ini membutuhkan upaya yang lebih besar untuk memasukkan nilai-nilai Pancasila ke dalam etika media sosial. Untuk mencegah perilaku berbahaya di media sosial, pengguna dapat dilindungi dengan penegakan peraturan yang lebih ketat dan pendidikan serta sosialisasi yang lebih menyeluruh tentang nilai bertindak secara etis di platform ini.

The aim of this thesis is 1 ) to find out about the application of the attitude of cooperation and mutual cooperation among OSIS members at MAN 1 Surakarta in 2023/2024 academic year, 2) to find out the level of effectiveness of the application of character education values regarding social care towards the attitude of cooperation and mutual cooperation to OSIS members. The results of the research could be conclude that 1) the management of OSIS MAN 1 Surakarta in 2023/2024 academic year could implement an attitude of cooperation and mutual cooperation well in all activities. Altough. There were several administrators who have not been able to Implement it well, 2) the implement of the attitude of cooperation and mutual cooperation among the members of OSIS MAN 1 Surakarta could be seen through the preparation and implementation of the Campus Expo activities which would be held on January 25-26 2024, 3) implementation the value of character education regarding social care had a high level of effectivitiveness in the attitude of cooperation and mutual cooperation, 4) in its implementation, there were parties who supported this social care character such as the deputy principal for curriculum, deputy principal for student affairs, OSIS supervisors, theachers, and OSIS administrators, 5) the attitude of cooperation and mutual cooperation that was expected of OSIS members was an attitude that could be carried out happily, comfortably, and they could carry out activities for the common goals of the organization.   Keywords : Sosial Care Character, Implementation, OSIS

This research aims to present socio-cultural values through the Shadow Puppet Performance Tradition as a Village Cleaner. This activity was carried out in Taman Fajar Village, Purbolinggo District, East Lampung Regency, Lampung Province. The subjects of this research were village elders, village heads, and the community who took part in these activities. This research is field research using qualitative descriptive methods. The researcher has a role as the first instrument in the research, the researcher tries to provide a description in understanding a social phenomenon in community activities, based on interviews with key informants, village elders, community leaders and religious leaders in Taman Fajar village. Observations were carried out by looking at the danyangan site. Documentation uses written documents while visual documentation takes the form of photos in the Purbolinggo Regional Area. Based on the research conducted, it can be concluded that village clean activities are carried out with the aim of realizing the gratitude of the community members to God Almighty, for the success of the community members in planting rice so that they get abundant harvests, as well as getting even better results in the following year's harvest. Bersih Desa in Taman Fajar village usually presents shadow puppet entertainment all day and night with the story of the Bharata Yuda Jayabinangun War. This activity can be expressed in the relationship between society and the natural environment. Clean Village is an offering in the form of a contribution used by village communities to promote safety and security. In the Clean Village activity there is a function of social values. The people of Taman Fajar Village adhere to these values by mechanical solidarity. This social value is realized in activities developed through the Shadow Puppet Performance Tradition.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tradisi Khatmul Quran yang dilakukan di Dusun Margapalah, Sumedang Selatan, khususnya dalam konteks Living Quran. Tradisi Khatmul Quran di desa ini melibatkan pembacaan seluruh ayat Alquran dalam rangka memperingati kematian seseorang, yang biasanya dilakukan selama tujuh atau empat puluh hari setelah pemakaman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi wawancara dengan tokoh masyarakat setempat dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi ini bermula dari ajaran Ustadz Gunawan Muhammad Syadili, yang mengadopsi praktik tersebut dari pesantren salafiyah di Cimanggun. Kegiatan Khatmul Quran di Dusun Margapalah dilakukan oleh dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok dewasa dan anak-anak, dengan pembagian tugas membaca Alquran sesuai dengan tingkat kemampuan. Tradisi ini dilandasi oleh keyakinan bahwa amal jariah, ilmu yang bermanfaat, dan doa dari anak yang saleh dapat memberikan pahala kepada almarhum. Studi ini juga menekankan pentingnya Living Quran dalam memahami bagaimana masyarakat Muslim mengapresiasi dan mempraktikkan nilai-nilai Alquran dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang bagaimana Alquran dihidupkan dalam konteks sosial budaya tertentu dan menawarkan kontribusi signifikan bagi pengembangan studi Alquran kontemporer.

Edukasi agama adalah bagian integral dari pendidikan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan meningkatkan pemahaman, kesadaran, dan praktik spiritual dalam kehidupan dunia. Mahasiswa merupakan salah satu bagian yang berpengaruh dalam mengembangkan edukasi agama. Peran mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan edukasi agama sangat penting karena mereka merupakan agen perubahan sosial yang memiliki potensi besar untuk dapat mempengaruhi masyarakat di lingkungannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran mahasiswa dalam mengembangkan edukasi agama dalam konteks masyarakat modern. Di zaman sekarang, nilai-nilai keagamaan sering dihadapkan pada tantangan dan perubahan, di mana era yang semakin modern, banyak generasi muda tidak tertarik dengan meningkatkan kapasitas pengetahuan dalam ilmu agama. mahasiswa dianggap sebagai agen perubahan sosial yang memiliki potensi besar untuk memengaruhi masyarakat sekitarnya agar dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan kesadaran pentingnya ilmu agama. Studi ini mencermati berbagai peran yang dapat dimainkan oleh mahasiswa dalam konteks pengembangan edukasi agama. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi peran-peran kunci yang dimainkan oleh mahasiswa dalam pengembangan edukasi agama.

Social justice has an important role in safeguarding human rights. The Social Justice Precepts are the main objectives that form the foundation for the previous four precepts, and also become a national goal for the Indonesian nation in the formation of a state whose realization is to create a just and prosperous society based on the principles of Pancasila. Catholic education also has an important role to increase awareness of the importance of social justice in creating welfare. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative, with the main focus on investigation through literature study. In his analysis, it was concluded that social justice has an important role in maintaining the welfare of the nation's community.

Social media plays an important role in shaping the realization of noble values ​​in society. Accessibility of information and communication through social media platforms facilitates wider and faster dissemination of religious teachings and values. This research aims to analyze the influence of social media on the appreciation of divine values. This research method uses a library method. The data collection technique used is the collection of literature data related to the influence of social media on the appreciation of divine values. The data obtained can be used to find out and increase understanding of individuals and society regarding the influence of social media on the appreciation of divine values.

The moral crisis has become a hot topic frequently discussed in various mass media lately. Various forms of moral crisis can be observed among different younger generations, including within the environment of Islamic boarding schools. In recent years, there has been a shift in values and behaviors among teenagers influenced by technology, social media, and cultural changes, leading to a decline in awareness of social ethics and prevailing norms in society. Through a holistic and integrated approach, social ethics education will provide understanding to female students about the importance of values such as empathy, tolerance, social responsibility, equality, and justice. This research aims to explore the concepts of social ethics values, the internalization process of social ethics education values, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors of internalizing social ethics education values in the Al-Qur’an Specialized Boarding School of Kalibeber Wonosobo. The research method employed is qualitative to gain in-depth understanding. The findings indicate that the concept of internalizing social ethics education values for female students is a key factor in shaping noble character. The social ethics of female students in the Al-Qur’an Specialized Boarding School of Kalibeber Wonosobo is deemed positive based on their daily habits, and they have successfully addressed several issues through implemented programs, ensuring that the process of internalizing social ethics education values progresses as expected.

Internalization is essentially a process of instilling something, beliefs, attitudes and personal (personal) values that manifest into social behavior. however, the planting process grows from within a person to the appreciation of a value. The background to the problem of this research is that there are several students who violate regulations and lack norms towards each other, however, with the very rapid development of technology, it is feared that it could disrupt the activities of students in carrying out activities at Islamic boarding schools, especially in Tahfidzul Qur'an activities.This research aims to determine the activities and application of methods, spiritual and social education values, as well as the internalization of spiritual and social education values in Tahfidzul Qur'an activities at PPTQ Al-Munawwar Temanggung. This research uses a qualitative type of research using a descriptive approach. Qualitative research is research with data collection procedures using observation, interviews and documentation methods. in technical data analysis, researchers collect data, reduce data, present data, and draw conclusions. Data validity is checked by data triangulation, namely an examination technique that utilizes untadz or ustadzah, administrators, and students as informants to check or compare the data.The results of this research are that there is no special method for memorizing the Al-Qur'an, the method for memorizing the Al-Qur'an is adjusted to the abilities of each student. There are spiritual education values contained in Tahfidzul Qur'an activities, namely the value of monotheism education, the value of piety education, and the value of moral education. Meanwhile, the social education values of Islamic boarding school students cannot be separated from the intervention of the security council and also the role of Ustadzah religious teachers in the behavior of Islamic boarding school students. There are three strategies used in the process of internalizing the spiritual education values contained in Tahfidzul Qur'an activities, namely habituation, providing an example, and providing mentoring or a personal approach. Meanwhile, the process of internalizing the values of social education in Tahfidzul Qur'an activities, namely by placing the Islamic boarding school in the vicinity of the community, will get used to frequent direct contact, such as in terms of sharing, socializing, community activities, including the main event of the Islamic boarding school, namely the Haflah celebration which is held 2 once a year.The novelty element of this research is that the spiritual and social educational values that are internalized into Tahfidzul Qur'an activities will be able to shape the character of students, because Tahfidzul Qur'an can be used as a tool to increase intelligence, abilities, develop attitudes, increase potential. self and can form students who are responsible, intelligent and creative.  

This study aims to understand the implementation of Pancasila ini SD Harapan 212. The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing direct observation and structured interviews. Participants consist of fourth-grade students at SD Harapan 212 and their class guardians. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Pancasila values among fourth-grade students at SD Harapan 212 still needs to be improved, particularly in achieving a deeper understanding and application of these values in daily life. This research provides insights into efforts that can be made to enhance the effectiveness of teaching Pancasila values in the school.

Masjid Agung Demak merupakan salah satu masjid tertua di Indonesia. Masjid ini memiliki empat tiang penyangga “Saka Guru”. Tujuan Penelitian untuk menganalisis nilai budaya tiang penyangga “Saka Guru” di Masjid Agung, dilatarbelakangi oleh kemajuan teknologi yang mengakibatkan kurangnya pengetahuan dan lunturnya nilai budaya. Metode penelitian berupa deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan Tiang penyangga "Saka Guru" di Masjid Agung Demak memiliki enam nilai budaya yang penting: (1) Nilai Keagamaan, memiliki makna spiritual sebagai elemen struktural yang mendukung atap masjid, secara simbolis dianggap sebagai penopang ajaran Islam. (2) Nilai Sejarah dan Tradisi, bagian integral dari arsitektur masjid memiliki nilai sejarah yang tinggi. (3) Nilai Arsitektur Jawa, mencerminkan nilai estetika dan desainnya memiliki kesan keindahan. (4) Nilai Simbolis, dihubungkan dengan elemen tertentu dalam agama Islam dan tradisi lokal. (5) Nilai Pelestarian Budaya, mencerminkan kesadaran pentingnya nilai budaya dan sejarah dalam masyarakat. (6) Nilai Sosial, Masjid Agung Demak berperan dalam menjalin hubungan sosial di masyarakat. Dengan demikian, nilai budaya terhadap "Saka Guru" di Masjid Agung Demak bukan hanya menunjukkan elemen arsitektur sebagai struktur fisik, tetapi juga sebagai ekspresi nilai-nilai budaya dalam budaya Jawa dan Indonesia secara keseluruhan dan dapat membantu dalam menjaga dan memelihara warisan budaya.

Pancasila sebagai dasar negara Indonesia memiliki lima dasar yang mencakup ketuhanan yang masa esa, kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab, persatuan indonesia, kerakyatan yang dipimpin oleh hikmat kebijaksanaan dalam permusyawaratan/ perwakilan, dan keadilan sosaial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan penetrasi media sosial, seperti Telegram, peran dan pengaruhnya terhadap nilai-nilai Pancasila menjadi subjek analisis yang penting. Salah satu fenomena yang perlu dipertimbangkan adalah dampak negatif dari praktik role play di platform tersebut terhadap nilai-nilai Pancasila oleh penggunanya. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis akan menjelajahi bagaimana praktik role play di Telegram dapat memengaruhi pemahaman dan penerapan nilai-nilai Pancasila serta implikasinya terhadap identitas dan keberagaman budaya Indonesia.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan penanggulangan kekerasan seksual yang melindungi korban melalui putusan pengadilan, media sosial, dan kebijakan tanpa pemidanaan. Adanya putusan pengadilan dengan terdakwa Herry Wirawan dan Moch Subchi Azal Tsani pada tindak pidana kekerasan seksual menunjukkan putusan yang dapat dipersoalkan dari sudut perlindungan korban. Realitas ini berada pada kondisi masyarakat yang mengalami erosi moralitas, korban yang seharusnya memperoleh perlindungan dari putusan pengadilan justru sebaliknya. Kondisi ini menjadi materi pemberitaan media massa, apalagi terkait dengan korban kekersan seksual yang menderita fisik, mental, dan sosial. Adanya realita peradilan pidana seperti ini menarik ditengah keterbatasan hukum pidana melindungi korban, dan pada sisi yang lain ada sarana sanksi lain yang dapat digunakan untuk melindungi korban ke dalam kerangka pidana tambahan. Penelitian bersifat yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi penelitian hukum inkonkreto. Analisisnya berupa analisis deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan penanggulangan tindak pidana kekerasan seksual melalui putusan pengadilan tidak menunjukkan konsistensi pada perlindungan korban kekerasan. Pidana yang dijatuhkan mendekati tuntutan jaksa. Begitu pula pengenaan sanksi restitusi dengan nilai nominal yang tidak sama. Masih adanya putusan yang tidak mencakup restitusi menunjukkan lemahnya perlindungan bagi pemulihan korban, meskipun secara normatif pengenaan restitusi telah diatur. Pemberitaan media massa telah bermanfaat mempengaruhi persepsi masyarakat tentang kekerasan seksual dan dampaknya bagi korban termasuk pengenaan sanksi pidana yang berat, pemulihan korban dan ancaman pencabutan ijin operasional. Merekonstruksi perlindungan korban kekerasan seksual melalui penguatan media massa termasuk media sosial, penerapan sanksi pidana yang membuat jera, pemulihan korban melalui restitusi dan kompensasi kebijakan sosial yang mewujudkan kesejahteraan korban dengan memulihkan hak-hak korban, penguatan kesehatan mental masyarakat melalui perilaku yang menjunjung tinggi moralitas, menguatkan evaluasi yang berbasis laporan masyarakat dan penerapan sanksi perdata dan adminstrasi sebagai pidana tambahan. Kata Kunci : Penanggulangan, Media, Kebijakan, kesehatan Mental, Restitusi  

This research is motivated by the decline in the value of social care character among adolescents as evidenced by the many cases of juvenile delinquency, namely lack of association, lack of caring, bullying, fighting and lack of sense of help in SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung. The existence of this background requires efforts and attention from social studies teachers in shaping social care attitudes in students. The research focus is: 1) How is the formation of social care character values through social studies learning of VIII grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung, 2) What are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the formation of social care character values through social studies learning of VIII grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung, 3) How is the impact of the formation of social care character values through social studies learning of VIII grade students at SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung. The objectives of this study are 1) To explain the formation of social care character values through social studies learning of grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung, 2) To find out the supporting and inhibiting factors in the formation of social care character values through social studies learning of grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung, 3) To determine the impact of the formation of social care character values through social studies learning of grade VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung. This research uses a qualitative research approach with a descriptive type. Descriptive research is presented through words that are described, presented, analyzed and conclusions are drawn.  The object of this research is the school and students of class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Sumbergempol Tulungagung. The data collection techniques used are interviews, observation and documentation.The results of this study indicate that the formation of social care character values through social studies learning is that teachers incorporate social care character values into lesson plans and develop syllabi and integrate social care character values through social studies learning. Supporting factors in shaping the character value of social care are exemplary teachers, school routine activities, and facilitating social activities and inhibiting factors are student awareness, family environment, cafes and parking lots and technological developments. The impact in forming the character value of social care has a positive impact, namely students will have an attitude of empathy, students have an attitude of helping and helping each other when in trouble, the creation of mutual cooperation activities at school, the creation of size and togetherness at school, the formation of a harmonious family, eliminating differences in social status between others.

Korean culture, especially South Korea, is currently developing very rapidly and widely, resulting in a new phenomenon among teenagers. The much-loved culture is K-Pop, Korean drama(drakor), music, food, and lifestyle. South Korean culture is feared to be the cause of the fading spirit of nationalism among teenagers. The fading of nationalism is a deviation from the values of Pancasila in the third principle which reads "Indonesian Unity". The purpose of writing this scientific article is to find out the breakthrough of South Korean culture on Pancasila values. The approach used in writing this scientific article is a qualitative approach. The method used in writing this scientific article is systematic literature review. This method is expected to be able to provide a broad but still in-depth picture related to the issues or topics raised in the writing of scientific articles. There are 9 journal articles that will be analyzed by the writing team in this article. The authors selected articles from accredited journals and obtained from several electronic search sites, namely Google Scholar, Sinta, and Garuda.