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Through classroom action research conducted in two cycles, this study aims to improve the understanding of grade IX-I students of SMP Negeri 13 Surabaya on the material of main ideas and supporting ideas of descriptive texts by implementing the TPS cooperative learning model. The results of the study showed a significant increase in student understanding after the implementation of the Think Pair Share learning model. In the pre-cycle, the average student test score was 65. After cycle I, the average score increased to 78, indicating an increase of 20%. In cycle II, the average score reached 85, or an increase of 9% from cycle I. This increase is indicated by the increasing number of students who can correctly identify the main idea and supporting ideas of descriptive texts. In addition, student activeness in discussing and giving opinions also increased significantly. This shows that the Think Pair Share cooperative learning model is effective in improving students' understanding of the main idea and supporting ideas of descriptive texts.

This study investigates the relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and problem-solving ability, exploring the role of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model in enhancing both factors. Self-efficacy, defined as students' belief in their ability to successfully perform mathematical tasks, has been shown to significantly impact students' problem-solving capabilities. The research focuses on understanding how this belief influences academic performance and how the Jigsaw model, which fosters collaborative learning, affects students’ self-efficacy and problem-solving skills. A survey-based research design was employed, with participants consisting of university students enrolled in mathematics courses. Data collection involved administering a self-efficacy scale to assess students' confidence in solving mathematical problems and a problem-solving test to evaluate their abilities. Path analysis was used to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and problem-solving skills, and the effect of the Jigsaw model was evaluated by comparing pre- and post-test scores between the experimental and control groups. The results revealed a strong positive relationship between self-efficacy and problem-solving ability (β = 0.45). Additionally, the Jigsaw model significantly enhanced this relationship, improving both students' self-efficacy and problem-solving performance. These findings highlight the importance of fostering self-efficacy in mathematics education and the effectiveness of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model in achieving this goal. The study provides valuable insights into improving teaching strategies in mathematics, particularly for subjects requiring critical thinking and problem-solving skills, by promoting a more interactive and supportive learning environment.

This study aims to implement the cooperative learning model of Team Games Tournament (TGT) to improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts on fractions at SDN 07 Tilamuta. The research method used is classroom action research (CAR) with two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 30 fifth-grade students. The results indicate that the application of the TGT learning model can enhance students' understanding of mathematical concepts. This is evidenced by the increase in the average test scores of concept understanding in each cycle. In the first cycle, the average student score was 65, which increased to 80 in the second cycle. Furthermore, students' learning activities also improved, marked by their active participation in group discussions and game tournaments. In conclusion, the implementation of the TGT cooperative learning model is effective in improving students' understanding of mathematical concepts on fractions at SDN 07 Tilamuta. It is recommended that teachers consider using this learning model in teaching mathematics for other topics as well.

Cooperative learning model is one of the models that can be used as an alternative. The use of small groups in cooperative learning makes students work together to achieve the learning objectives. The problems in this study are (1) How is the application of cooperative learning models in improving the character of self-confidence in civics subjects in class III SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru (2) Whether the cooperative learning model can improve the character of self confidence in the subject of civics in class III. This research includes Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was conducted in two cycles using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis methods.  Each cycle consists of four stages, namely design, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were third grade students of SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru, totalling 31 students. The research data were obtained using teacher and student observation sheets and student confidence test results, then the data were analysed using the percentage formula.The results obtained were (1) teacher activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 72.11% to 92.15% in cycle II, (2) student activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 45.71% to 83.69% and, (3) student learning outcomes in Civics subject in cycle I by using cooperative 32.25% to 83.87% in cycle II.This shows that the results of students' self-confidence in Civics subjects by using cooperative models show very positive results. Based on the results of this study, it can increase students' confidence to be more active and the teacher's ability to improve to be better.

Cooperative learning model is one of the models that can be used as an alternative. The use of small groups in cooperative learning makes students work together to achieve the learning objectives. The problems in this study are (1) How is the application of cooperative learning models in improving the character of self-confidence in civics subjects in class III SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru (2) Whether the cooperative learning model can improve the character of self confidence in the subject of civics in class III. This research includes Classroom Action Research (PTK) which was conducted in two cycles using quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis methods.  Each cycle consists of four stages, namely design, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were third grade students of SD Negeri 15 Pekanbaru, totalling 31 students. The research data were obtained using teacher and student observation sheets and student confidence test results, then the data were analysed using the percentage formula.The results obtained were (1) teacher activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 72.11% to 92.15% in cycle II, (2) student activity in cycle I by using cooperative model from 45.71% to 83.69% and, (3) student learning outcomes in Civics subject in cycle I by using cooperative 32.25% to 83.87% in cycle II.This shows that the results of students' self-confidence in Civics subjects by using cooperative models show very positive results. Based on the results of this study, it can increase students' confidence to be more active and the teacher's ability to improve to be better.

This study aims to describe the application of the Cooperative Learning Model Can Improve the Learning Outcomes of Class X Students of DKV SMK Teknologi Plus Padang. This type of research is classroom action research. This research was carried out in 2 cycles with the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation, literature studies, tests and documentation. The data was analyzed using a percentage formula.  The results of the study show that the Cooperative Learning learning model with teachers as a direct example can improve learning activities and student dance learning outcomes. The average percentage of student learning activities in the first cycle was 58.5% with the criteria of Not Good. After making improvements in the second cycle, the average student learning activity became 86% with good criteria. Students who were previously less enthusiastic and only silent when moving become active, students who are shy in making movements become confident, students who disturb other students and just play become serious or focused in doing the assigned tasks, students who help each other when experiencing difficulties when practicing with a group. The use of the Cooperative Learning learning model in dance learning in class X DKV also has an impact on the average student learning outcome score. The average score of completeness of student learning outcomes in cycle I was 37.5%. Because it has not reached the KKTP, which is 75, it was carried out again in the second cycle and managed to reach a score of 87.5%.    

The learning model really determines the success of learning, including students' active learning. This Research Aims To Determine The Effect of The Make A Match Type Cooperative Learning Model by PAK Teachers On The Active Learning of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The method used in this research is a quantitative method, a type of pre-experimental approach with the design form "One Group Pretest-Posttest Design". The population was all 120 students of class VIII of SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon who were Christians and a sample of 30 people was determined, namely class VIII 3 using purposive sampling technique. Data analysis used the paired sample t-test. After conducting a pretest and posttest on the sample, the results of data analysis showed that the tcount > ttable value was 24.814 > 1.699. So H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. Based on the results of this research, it is known that by using the make a match type cooperative learning model, student learning activity can increase, this can be seen from the average score of 72.567 to 88.833 with a difference of 16.267. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a positive and significant influence of the make a match type cooperative learning model by PAK teachers on the learning activity of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 academic year.

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Problem Posing cooperative learning model on active learning in Christian Religious Education for class XI students at SMAN 1 Siborongborong for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method used is a quantitative method with inferential statistics. The population is all class students. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 38 items, namely 20 items for the 2023/2024 school year variables, proven through data analysis as follows: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) Positive relationship test obtained with rxy = 0.529 > rtable (α=0.05; CI=95%; n=63) = 0.24. b) the significant relationship test obtained tcount = 4.865 > ttable(α=0.05, dk=n-2=61) = 1.9996. 2) Influence test: a) regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="26.24"+0.46X. b) regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 27.9%. 3) hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fcount > Ftable (α=0.05, dk numerator k-28, dk denominator=n-2=63-2=61) namely 23.73 > 1.66. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This study aims to examine and describe the prayer learning model applied in Raudhatul Athfal (RA) Baitul Qur'an. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The researcher acts as the main instrument assisted by supporting tools in the form of interview guidelines, mobile phones, and field notes. The data obtained are analyzed through the stages of data reduction, grouping data into certain units, categorization, checking the validity of the data (including credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability), as well as interpretation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the prayer learning model in RA Baitul Qur'an includes classical, group, corner, area, cooperative, and direct learning models. The programs implemented include: (a) introduction to ablution members, ablution procedures, and prayers before and after prayer; (b) introduction to prayer movements and memorization of prayers in and after prayer; and (c) practice of prayer implementation, namely the practice of praying every Friday and dhuha prayer every two weeks. These models are used to instill an understanding and skills of prayer worship in early childhood in a gradual and enjoyable way.

The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of the Think Pair Share Type Cooperative Learning Model on student learning outcomes and how much influence the Think Pair Share Type cooperative learning model has on the learning outcomes of Class 3 MI Plus Walisongo Trenggalek students. Quantitative research methods are methods where research data is in the form of numbers and analysis uses statistics.  The type of research that will be carried out in this quantitative research has an experimental design. The design form of this experimental research is quasi experimental. The population of this study was all 38 grade 3 students at MI Plus Walisongo Trenggalek consisting of class 3A and class 3B. Data collection techniques use test methods and documentation methods. The data analysis technique consists of testing the requirements that need to be calculated/tested, namely normality and homogeneity.    The technique used is the independent sample t-test technique, which is to determine the coefficient of difference between two data distributions. The use of the t-test technique is intended to see whether there are significant differences between the two samples from the control class and the experimental class. The results of the research show that based on the results of data analysis it shows that tcount is 4,684 > from ttable 1,688, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. In conclusion, there is an influence of the Think Pair Share Type Cooperative Learning Model on the learning outcomes of Class 3 MI Plus Walisongo Trenggalek students. How much influence the Think Pair Share Type Cooperative Learning Model has on the learning outcomes of Class 3 MI Plus Walisongo Trenggalek students can be proven by the results of Sig. is 0.000. Because the Sig value. 0.000 < real level (= 0.05).

This research is based on the ability to collaborate which is an ability that students must have. Collaboration skills, what teachers must do to improve collaboration skills is to apply various learning models that adapt to students' needs. The Group Investigation type learning model is a learning model that focuses on students' collaboration abilities. The success of a learning process can be measured by the success of students in participating in the learning process.This research aims to explore the application of the group investigation model in an educational context and measure its impact in improving the collaboration abilities or skills of class XI students at SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda. The object of this research is all students in class XI C of SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda, totaling 36 students. This research is a qualitative descriptive type of research. The research method used in this research is a qualitative research method with a system of field observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this research is analysis.The concept of group investigation learning is learning that emphasizes students gaining knowledge through learning experiences. The group investigation type learning model has six stages, namely selecting topics, planning collaboration, implementing plans, analysis and synthesis, presenting work results, and evaluation.The collaboration ability of students in class And the results of interviews with students show that students have good collaboration or cooperation skills in completing the topic/material given.The advantage of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class can improve students' ability to collaborate or work together and students can learn to solve problems that arise during the learning process.The weakness of the Group Investigation type Cooperative Learning learning model in class XI SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda namely, the material presented will be less because the learning time is short, the teacher will have difficulty giving individual grades, and the class atmosphere will be noisy due to discussions.

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the jigsaw type cooperative learning model for class The research method used is a quantitative method. The data collection technique used is in the form of test questions and observations. The data obtained in this research are the learning results of students at SMAN 6 Lhoksemawe. The sample in this research was all class XI students of SMAN 6 Lhokseumawe. Data analysis techniques in this research use normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests. Based on the research results, it was found that student learning outcomes increased by 61.87% in the medium category. This can show that the jigsaw type cooperative learning model is quite effective.        

Based on the observations that have been made, it is shown that students' mathematical communication skills are still relatively low so that an innovative learning model is needed to improve students' mathematical communication skills. This study aims to see whether the improvement in students' mathematical communication skills taught with the Two Stay Two Stray cooperative learning model is higher than the mathematical communication skills of students taught with the Think Pair Share cooperative learning model and to see how the improvement in mathematical communication skills taught with the two models. This study is a study that is included in the quasi-experimental category with a pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects in this study were 62 students in grades VIII-A and VIII-E of SMP Negeri 4 Balige. Based on the research that has been done, the results of the N-Gain test were obtained with an average N-Gain value in experimental class 1, namely 0.813 in accordance with the Gain index criteria in the high category and the average N-Gain value in experimental class 2, namely 0.693 in accordance with the Gain index criteria in the medium category. Based on the research that has been done, because the data is normally distributed and homogeneous, the hypothesis test is carried out using the t-test. Through the t-test that has been done, it was obtained that , namely 2.465>2.000. Therefore  is rejected, which means that the increase in mathematical communication skills of students taught with the Two Stay Two Stray cooperative learning model is higher than those taught with the Think Pair Share cooperative learning model.

This research aims to investigate the influence of the CIRC (Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition) Learning Model on the learning motivation and character of class XI students at SMA HKBP 2 Tarutung in the 2022/2023 academic year. The method used is a quantitative approach with an experimental design. Data was collected through a questionnaire that measured the level of learning motivation and student character before and after implementing the learning model. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant increase in learning motivation and student character after implementing the CIRC Model. These findings indicate that the use of collaborative learning models can increase student engagement and form positive character.    

The learning model is a conceptual framework that describes a systematic procedure in organizing learning experiences to achieve learning goals. This study aims to determine the influence of  the make a match type cooperative learning model  on the learning outcomes of Pancasila education for grade V students of SD Negeri Rayung II. This research method is quantitative with  a pre-experimental design of one group pretest posttest design. All students in grade V of SD Negeri Rayung II for the 2023/2024 school year were used as the population in this study. Sampling uses nonprobability sampling techniques with total sample types. The research sample was 26 students. The data collection technique in this study uses test questions and observation sheets. The results of the study prove that  the make a match type cooperative learning model  can have an influence on student learning outcomes.  The make a match type cooperative learning model  was implemented well according to its syntax, so that it affected the results of the t paired sample t-test test with a calculated value of 16.223 ≥ 1.708 so that Ha was accepted, namely there was a difference in the value of learning outcomes between the pretest and the posttest using the make a match type cooperative learning model. This shows that there is an influence of  the make a match type cooperative learning model  on the learning outcomes of Pancasila education for grade V students of SD Negeri Rayung II.

The learning model is very important and has many benefits in the teaching and learning process, with the help of the learning model educators can also motivate students to be actively involved in learning and totality so as to affect student learning outcomes. Through a cooperative learning model of the team games tournament type with a scientific approach, it is hoped that it will be able to improve student learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of the cooperative learning model of the team games tournament type with a scientific approach on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VII MTs Fie Sabilil Muttaqien Tempurejo students for the 2023/2024 school year. The method in this study is a quantitative Quasi Experiment with a posttets only control group design research design. This study consists of independent variables and bound variables. The independent variable is the learning model used, namely a cooperative model of the team games tournament type with a scientific approach while the bound variable is the learning outcome. The subject of this study is grade VII students of MTs FSM Tempurejo with 23 students in the experimental class and 23 students in the control class. Data collection is carried out by means of a posttest given at the end of learning which is used to determine student learning outcomes. The results showed a significant difference with the value of t calculated = 2.134 and t table = 1.080 with a significance level of 0.05. The average score of students after being taught using a cooperative model of teamgames tournament type with a scientific approach was 80.04, while the average score of students with a direct learning model was 68.65. Thus, the application of a cooperative learning model of the team games tournament type with a scientific approach is more effective on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VII MTs students Fie Sabilil Muttaqien Tempurejo for the 2023/2024 school year.

The research aims to determine the effect of the Team Assisted Individualization learning model on student learning outcomes in Pancasila education learning in class IV SDN 22 Duku. This research uses a quantitative type of research with a quasi-experimental design experimental method in the form of a non-equivalent control group. The sample in this study was all 34 class IV students at SDN 22 Duku, of which 17 class IV A students and 17 class IVB students. The experimental class in this research is class IV A and the control class is class IV B. Based on the data analysis that has been carried out, the t count is 3.18 and the t table is 2.042. so the experimental class in this study was class IV A and the control class was class IV B. This shows that there is a significant influence on the implementation of the Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) type cooperative model on the results of dozens of class IV elementary school students.

The aim of this research is to measure how much influence the cooperative learning model has on student learning outcomes at SDN 9 Limboto. This research uses quantitative research methods with survey techniques to obtain complete and in-depth information regarding the influence of the cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes at SDN 9 Limboto. The population of this study were students at SDN 9 Limboto with a sample size of 104 students. Data was collected using a questionnaire, and data was analyzed using simple linear regression analysis. The research results show that the cooperative learning model has a significant effect on student learning outcomes. The model influence is 26.2% with a correlation of 51.2%. The regression model obtained from the analysis is Y = 47.392 + 0.458X. This model shows that every increase in cooperative learning by one unit will have an influence on student learning outcomes at SDN 9 Limboto by 0.458. The implications of this research show that cooperative learning has a significant influence on student learning outcomes at SDN 9 Limboto, so it is recommended that this learning model be maintained and can be collaborated with other models or media so that the model is more varied.      

Education aims to improve the quality of human life which is technically through lectures. A good lecture produces a positive influence on students' ability. The interaction between lecturers and students in the class is an important role in achieving the goals. Linear Algebra is an important subject in the Mathematic. Many students think that Linear Algebra are difficult. Linear Algebra at the Faculty of Computer Science, Dharma AUB University of Surakarta have not been able to improve students' understanding of Linear Algebra concepts. Because of class that are centered on lecturers. Based on the description above, the author applies the TAPPS (Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving) cooperative learning model to increase concept understanding of Linear Algebra. Formulation of the problem in this research: "Is there an increase concept understanding of Linear Algebra after using the TAPPS learning model?". This research is a qualitative descriptive group with the type of Classroom Action Research. The data used are field notes and documentation. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there is an increase in understanding of the concept of Linear Algebra through the TAPPS (Thinking Aloud Pair Problem Solving) model.

This research was motivated by a lack of student participation and boredom with the monotonous learning system so that students did not understand abstract and complex economic concepts. From these problems it can be seen that the cause is a lack of motivation to learn. So it is necessary to develop a learning model, one of which is the TGT (Teams Games Tournament) cooperative learning model using TTS. The aims of this research are (1) to determine the effect of the TGT learning model on students' learning motivation in economics subjects in Class XI MA Sunan Kalijogo Mojo Kediri; (2) To find out how much influence the TGT learning model has on the motivation to learn economics for class XI MA Sunan Kalijogo Mojo Kediri. The research approach used is quantitative, associative type. Data collection uses questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis and hypothesis testing using simple linear regression using SPSS. The research results show that (1) Based on the hypothesis test, the results obtained are sig. 0.000 < 0.05, it can be said that there is a positive and significant influence between the influence of the TGT learning model on students' economic learning motivation; (2) Based on the hypothesis test, a value (R) of 0.652 was obtained, which indicates a strong relationship between the two variables. Meanwhile, the R Square values ​​of 42.5% and 57.5% are influenced by other factors that have not been studied.