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Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning methods are strategies used by teachers to effectively convey Islamic teachings so that they are easily understood, internalized, and practiced by students. The application of appropriate methods can create a more engaging, active, and meaningful learning process, enabling students not only to acquire knowledge but also to develop Islamic attitudes and personalities. In the context of modern education, PAI learning needs to integrate a variety of approaches, ranging from lectures, discussions, demonstrations, to hands-on, experiential learning. Furthermore, learning environments such as museums, mosques, monuments, and open spaces can be utilized as resources and supporting learning media, even if these places are not specifically designed for teaching and learning activities. Utilizing these environments provides real-life experiences that help students understand Islamic values ​​contextually. Thus, PAI learning methods play a crucial role in realizing a holistic, comprehensive educational process oriented toward the formation of Islamic character.

Balance disorders are among the most common functional problems experienced by older adults and significantly increase the risk of falls, disability, and reduced quality of life. Early screening and health promotion efforts are essential in preventing these complications. This community service program aimed to introduce and implement the Fukuda Stepping Test as a simple, low-cost, and effective method for promotive and preventive assessment of balance impairment among elderly individuals in the community. The activity involved health education on balance maintenance, demonstration of the test procedure, and direct assessment of participants, followed by individualized feedback and recommendations for balance exercises. The results showed that the Fukuda Stepping Test was well-received, easy to perform, and successfully identified elderly individuals with potential vestibular asymmetry or dynamic balance deficits. Furthermore, the program increased participants’ awareness regarding fall prevention and encouraged adoption of regular balance training. This initiative highlights the importance of accessible physiotherapy-based screening tools in community settings and underscores the role of physiotherapists in promoting healthy aging and reducing fall risk among older adults.

This community service activity aims to increase the ability and creativity of the people of Situnggaling Village, Brand District, Karo Regency, in utilizing the potential of the surrounding nature in the form of telang flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) through training in making simple syrup products. This training was attended by 34 participants consisting of housewives and village teenagers. The implementation method includes socialization of the benefits of telang flowers, syrup making demonstrations, as well as technical assistance in packaging and marketing strategies. Participants were also given an understanding of hygiene standards, the right dosage of ingredients, natural dyeing techniques, and product storage procedures to have a longer shelf life. In addition to the production aspect, this activity also discussed the economic potential of telang flower syrup products as a commodity for MSMEs, including the calculation of production costs and marketing opportunities through social media. The results showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge about the economic value and health benefits of telang flowers, as well as their ability to produce syrup independently. This activity is expected to be the first step in empowering the local potential-based economy and encouraging the formation of new sustainable home businesses in Situnggaling Village.

Infancy is a crucial golden period for determining the quality of a child's future growth and development. Infant massage has long been recognized for its numerous benefits for infant growth and development. Various studies have shown that infant massage can increase weight gain, improve sleep quality, strengthen the immune system, and aid digestion. Many parents still lack understanding of infant massage. Some assume that infant massage is only performed on sick babies and is performed by traditional healers or medical personnel skilled in infant massage. The purpose of this community service is to increase mothers' knowledge about infant massage through outreach. The target audience was 22 mothers with babies in Gampong Barat, Nisam District, North Aceh Regency. The implementation method used was lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. The results showed that the majority of mothers' knowledge was in the good category after the outreach. This was due to the mothers' enthusiasm in participating in the outreach. Outreach is an effective method for increasing knowledge. Mothers are expected to continue to improve their knowledge about infant massage by increasing their interest in seeking information, whether through reading books, the media, or other sources.

The sport of archery requires an accurate and fair classification system of athletes according to international standards. This community service research aims to introduce and implement the ArchiClass application as a technology-based innovation for athlete classification, as well as improve the understanding of the archery community at Al Ayyubi Archery Club Boyolali regarding sports with disabilities. This activity involved 50 athletes and 6 coaches. The methods used include socialization, application demonstration, simulation, and evaluation of participant responses. The results showed that participants gained a better understanding of the importance of fair and technology-based classification. Participants gain practical experience using ArchiClass, while coaches and parents gain new insights into archery. In addition, the implementation of this application encourages the creation of a more transparent and consistent classification process. The final evaluation showed that the majority of participants felt helped by the existence of the application and expressed readiness to implement it in training activities and competitions. This program successfully introduced ArchiClass as an effective tool and increased community awareness and understanding of disability sports.

Postpartum anxiety is a psychological problem that often occurs after childbirth and can have a direct impact on decreased breast milk production. Non-pharmacological efforts that can help overcome this are Spiritual Emotional Freedom Technique (SEFT) therapy and Endorphin, Oxytocin, and Suggestive Massage Stimulation (SPEOS). This community service activity aims to improve comfort, calmness, and increase breast milk production through the application of a combination of SEFT and SPEOS therapy to postpartum mothers in the Sambau Community Health Center, Batam City. The activity method is carried out through education, demonstrations, and direct practice with postpartum mothers given to 48 postpartum mothers. The results of the activity showed an increase in mothers' knowledge about SEFT and SPEOS relaxation techniques, about managing anxiety, and how to increase breast milk production as obtained from the results of qualitative evaluations through interviews and group discussions. This activity received a positive response from participants and local health workers, and is recommended for routine implementation in community midwifery services.

Stunting isaa chronicanutritional problemathat remains a major publicahealth challengeain Indonesia, aincluding inaSeram Bagian Barat District. aOne ofathe risk factors for stuntingaamong children under five is thealow implementationaof Cleanaand HealthyaLiving Behaviora (PHBS) within families and communities. Therefore, this communityaservice programawas carriedaout withathe aimaof improving community knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to PHBS asaan effortato preventastunting inachildren underafive. The implementation methods included health education through interactive counseling, agroup discussions, aand demonstrationsaof PHBSapractices, particularly handwashingawith soap. The program was attended by 30 community menbers, most of whom were mothers with infants and young children. Coordination, collaboration, and theainvolvement ofaboth internalaand externalastakeholders, particularly the head of Waralohi Hamlet, playedaan importantarole in the success of this program. Evaluation results indicated anaincrease inaparticipants’ knowledge and understandingaof PHBS and its relevance to stunting prevention. In addition, the program was considered beneficial due to the appropriate selection of location, high participant enthusiasm, and a conducive implementation atmosphere. In conclusion, the PHBS strengthening program proved effective in raising community awareness to adopt healthy living behaviors that support effortsato preventastunting inachildren underafive.

Fiqih learning at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level plays a crucial role in shaping students’ understanding of proper worship practices in accordance with Islamic law. However, in practice, fiqih instruction is often delivered through verbal and teacher-centered approaches, causing students to focus more on memorization rather than meaningful understanding and correct application. This study aims to examine the implementation of the demonstration method in fiqih learning as an effort to improve students’ understanding of worship procedures, particularly in practical materials such as ablution, prayer, and other daily acts of worship in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The demonstration method is considered appropriate because it allows students to directly observe the processes and stages of worship practices, making learning more concrete, contextual, and meaningful. The findings indicate that the application of the demonstration method effectively enhances both conceptual and practical understanding of students, increases learning motivation, and minimizes errors in performing worship. Students not only comprehend the sequences and recitations of worship but are also able to practice them correctly in accordance with fiqih principles. Therefore, the demonstration method can serve as an effective learning approach in fiqih instruction at the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah level to develop a comprehensive understanding of worship that integrates cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects.

Ngarip Village, Ulubelu District, is one of the coffee-producing areas in Tanggamus Regency. Some residents process the harvested coffee into various micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) products. This activity produces a byproduct in the form of coffee grounds. Coffee grounds have characteristics that allow them to be processed into products with utility and economic value. This community service activity aims to provide knowledge and skills to the Ngarip Village community on how to process coffee grounds into aromatherapy candles that are attractive, useful, and have the potential to be developed as a creative economy product. The implementation method includes literature studies, field observations, preparation of tools and materials, and socialization and training that includes material presentations, discussions, demonstrations, hands-on practice, and documentation. This training provides knowledge on the concept of 3R-based waste management and techniques for making aromatherapy candles using coffee grounds as an additional ingredient. The implementation results showed that participants were able to understand the process of making aromatherapy candles, from drying coffee grounds, melting wax, mixing ingredients, to the molding stage. Participants also gained knowledge about the benefits of aromatherapy candles for health, the environment, and their economic potential. This training can improve the community's ability to process waste into useful products, while also opening up sustainable home business opportunities. Overall, this activity has a positive impact on increasing public insight, creativity, and awareness regarding organic waste management, as well as encouraging innovations that support local economic independence.

 Health problems related to lifestyle, especially diabetes mellitus, are increasingly common in communities with limited knowledge of balanced nutrition. This community service program aimed to promote health awareness and prevent diabetes mellitus through education on balanced nutrition among adult residents. The method used was participatory education, consisting of counseling sessions, group discussions, and demonstrations on meal planning and portion control. Participants were guided to understand the importance of maintaining blood sugar levels through dietary regulation and physical activity. The results showed an increase in participants’ knowledge and awareness regarding healthy eating patterns and diabetes prevention. Many participants reported behavioral changes, such as reducing sugar consumption and increasing the intake of vegetables and fruits. The activity also fostered a supportive environment for adopting healthy lifestyles in the community. It is concluded that balanced nutrition education effectively enhances community understanding and preventive behavior against diabetes mellitus. This program can serve as a model for similar community-based health promotion initiatives to reduce non-communicable disease risks in the future.

The study explores the communication strategy of the Public Relations Division of the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) in responding to the wave of student and community demonstrations in early September 2025. This research aims to identify the strategic approach and challenges faced by the division in managing public communication during a national socio-political crisis. Using a qualitative descriptive method through observation, participation, and in-depth interviews with two informants from the division, the study reveals that Kemendagri’s communication strategy emphasized transparency, cross-institutional coordination, and the empowerment of local governments to maintain stability. The division also adopted multi-channel communication, including social media, press releases, and press conferences, ensuring message consistency and public reassurance. However, several challenges were identified, such as the sensitivity of political issues, the spread of misinformation and hoaxes, limited human resources, and the suboptimal implementation of two-way communication. The findings indicate that public communication during a crisis requires accuracy, empathy, and collaboration across institutions. This study implies that strengthening transparency, enhancing crisis communication skills, and improving digital responsiveness are essential for the Ministry’s public relations performance in future crises.

The Community Service Program (KKN) is a form of student dedication to society aimed at supporting sustainable rural development. In Regapu’u Village, KKN students implemented a collaborative program focusing on two strategic issues: extreme poverty data collection and stunting prevention education. The data collection was carried out through door-to-door visits to obtain accurate information regarding the residents' social and economic conditions. The data was then used as a basis for village policy planning and social assistance distribution. Meanwhile, the stunting education was conducted through outreach activities targeting pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and families with toddlers, covering topics such as nutrition, parenting practices, and sanitation. The methods used included participatory  observation,  interviews,  educationaloutreach, and demonstrations of nutritious food preparation (mung bean porridge). The results of the program showed an increase in community awareness regarding child nutrition and health, as well as the availability of more accurate poverty data for the village government. This activity demonstrates that collaboration between students, the community, and local authorities can contribute significantly to addressing poverty and preventing stunting at the local level

This community service program aims to empower rural women through training in making steamed buns (bakpao) using yellow sweet potatoes in Sambirejo Village, Ngrambe District, Ngawi Regency. Yellow sweet potatoes are one of the abundant local agricultural products, yet their utilization has been limited to household consumption. Through this program, yellow sweet potatoes were processed into innovative food products in the form of bakpao, which provide nutritional value, consumer appeal, and economic opportunities. The method applied was Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) with a participatory approach, emphasizing the use of local assets and the active involvement of community members. The stages included asset identification, technical training through demonstration, hands-on practice, and evaluation. Participants were drawn from PKK women and local micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The results showed significant improvements in participants’ knowledge of local food diversification, technical skills in processing yellow sweet potatoes, and entrepreneurial motivation to initiate home-based businesses. In addition, the training encouraged participants’ creativity in developing more varied local food products. Therefore, the program not only contributed to women’s empowerment but also strengthened MSMEs, promoted local food innovation, and supported community economic independence.

This community service program aims to empower rural women through training in making steamed buns (bakpao) using yellow sweet potatoes in Sambirejo Village, Ngrambe District, Ngawi Regency. Yellow sweet potatoes are one of the abundant local agricultural products, yet their utilization has been limited to household consumption. Through this program, yellow sweet potatoes were processed into innovative food products in the form of bakpao, which provide nutritional value, consumer appeal, and economic opportunities. The method applied was Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) with a participatory approach, emphasizing the use of local assets and the active involvement of community members. The stages included asset identification, technical training through demonstration, hands-on practice, and evaluation. Participants were drawn from PKK women and local micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The results showed significant improvements in participants’ knowledge of local food diversification, technical skills in processing yellow sweet potatoes, and entrepreneurial motivation to initiate home-based businesses. In addition, the training encouraged participants’ creativity in developing more varied local food products. Therefore, the program not only contributed to women’s empowerment but also strengthened MSMEs, promoted local food innovation, and supported community economic independence.

Shuttlecock industry workers in Arjosari Village perform many repetitive activities that involve intensive use of their upper extremities, putting them at high risk of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly frozen shoulder. This condition is characterized by pain, limited movement, and decreased shoulder function, which can interfere with work productivity. This community service activity was carried out through community physiotherapy counseling with a promotive and preventive approach, using leaflets, ergonomic education, and demonstrations of simple exercises such as cross-body arm stretches, pendulum exercises, arm circles, finger walk exercises, and towel exercises. The methods used included pre-tests, material delivery, exercise practice, discussions, and post-tests to assess knowledge improvement. The results of the activity showed that the majority of workers had experienced initial shoulder complaints, with a predominance of female respondents (93.33%). Average knowledge increased from 0% on the pre-test to 100% on the post-test. The counseling proved effective in increasing workers' understanding of frozen shoulder prevention, thereby reducing the risk of shoulder pain and increasing work productivity

Dependence on chemical fertilizers has caused a decline in soil quality, groundwater contamination, and rising agricultural production costs due to unstable fertilizer prices. In recent years, frequent fertilizer crises have revealed the fragility of reliance on inorganic fertilizers within the national agricultural system. Hence, a transformation toward environmentally friendly and sustainable agriculture is urgently required. This study employed a scoring technique to analyze field observation data, which were narrated based on the written methodology. Respondents’ answers were categorized and classified according to their assumptions or opinions, with scores determined using a Likert scale. The Likert scale measures attitudes, opinions, and perceptions of individuals or groups regarding specific social phenomena. The results showed that key driving factors—such as affordable fertilizer prices, support from agricultural extension workers, and social encouragement from the community—achieved scores above 82%. This finding indicates that external conditions are quite favorable for promoting the use of organic fertilizers. However, major challenges remain, including the limited availability of organic fertilizers in the field and farmers’ long-standing dependency on chemical fertilizers. To address these challenges, it is essential to enhance the market availability of liquid organic fertilizers (POC) through collaboration between producers and farmer groups. Continuous technical assistance should be provided, including demonstration plots that display tangible improvements in rice yields using POC. Furthermore, government support in the form of targeted subsidies or special incentives for farmers transitioning to organic fertilizers is vital, while strengthening the role of farmer groups and agricultural extension workers as catalysts for the adoption of environmentally friendly innovations.

Introduction: Pregnancy is a natural process that every woman experiences. During pregnancy, pregnant women experience many changes, both physiological and psychological. These changes can cause various symptoms in each pregnant woman. Some common complaints during pregnancy include nausea and vomiting, back pain, edema, and shortness of breath. Method: This activity was conducted through counseling aimed at explaining the condition and understanding it to pregnant women. This activity used leaflets and live demonstrations so that participants could perform exercises correctly. Conclusion: After conducting counseling on the role of physiotherapy in pregnancy problems at the integrated health posts (Posyandu) for pregnant women in Sempulang Village, Janju Village, and Keluang Lolo Village, it can be concluded that education is important regarding understanding good exercises to do during pregnancy, such as child pose, cat and camel exercise or yoga for pregnant women, and breathing exercises. This is useful for reducing and preventing symptoms during pregnancy by always paying attention to signs of when to stop the exercise.

Pregnancy is frequently associated with discomforts such as back pain, edema, and postural changes that may interfere with daily activities. Approximately 50–70% of pregnant women experience back pain due to hormonal changes and increased body weight. The use of a Birth Ball is considered one of the non-pharmacological alternatives to alleviate these complaints, as it improves pelvic muscle flexibility and supports postural correction. Proper education is essential to ensure appropriate and effective utilization. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of education using lecture and demonstration methods on the understanding of Birth Ball use among pregnant women. A pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test post-test approach was applied. The sample consisted of 28 third-trimester pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Findings revealed that the respondents’ understanding prior to education was 0%, which significantly increased to 96.43% following the intervention. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test yielded Z = -4.873 with p < 0.05, indicating a significant difference between pre- and post-education. It can be concluded that education delivered through lecture and demonstration methods is effective in enhancing pregnant women’s understanding of Birth Ball use.

This study was conducted at TK Negeri Lebiti, Togean District, Tojo Una-una Regency, Central Sulawesi, with the aim of determining the effect of the demonstration method on the social interaction skills of early childhood students. The background of this research is based on the importance of developing children’s social abilities from an early age through learning activities that involve direct participation and interaction. The main problem examined in this study is whether the demonstration method significantly influences the improvement of children’s social interaction skills. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of two classes of children aged 4–6 years, comprising 12 children in the experimental class and 20 children in the control class, making a total of 32 participants. The experimental class was taught using the demonstration method, while the control class used conventional learning methods. Data were collected through observation and assessment of children’s social behaviors during learning activities. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques to test the research hypothesis. The findings are expected to provide empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of the demonstration method in improving children’s social interaction skills within the context of early childhood education.

This community engagement activity aims to introduce and promote Es Pisang Ijo, a traditional culinary delight from Makassar, to the mothers of Aisyiyah Ranting Suterejo in Surabaya. The program was implemented through the National KKN-Dik collaboration between Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar and Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya. The method applied was a field study involving several stages—explanation, demonstration, and direct hands-on practice. The activity received a highly positive response, as participants were actively involved in every phase, showing enthusiasm and curiosity. The outcomes of this activity include improved culinary skills, strengthened cultural awareness, and the creation of new opportunities for micro-enterprise development rooted in traditional cuisine. Additionally, this program enhanced cross-cultural communication and strengthened social solidarity among Aisyiyah members. Es Pisang Ijo thus represents not only a dessert but also a symbol of togetherness, women’s empowerment, and cultural preservation. This initiative reaffirms Aisyiyah’s role as an empowered women’s community that contributes to economic independence and cultural resilience through traditional culinary innovation as a medium of empowerment and community development.