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An automatic water level controller mechanism in a water tank is needed to maintain the availability of water supply. One way is to create a control system that uses an ultrasonic sensor as a detector of the water level that is fed back to the water tank filling pump. To minimize fluctuations in sensor readings, a mechanism is needed to minimize the occurrence of water ripples. To provide easy information to users on site, a monitoring system in the form of an LED indicator is also added that informs the condition of the water level in the water tank. Therefore, in this study, a tool will be created that can automatically control and monitor the water level based on Arduino Uno which uses an ultrasonic sensor and LED indicator with a wave ripple holder

Adlerian counseling is a counseling approach that refers to individuals who want to achieve their life goals by motivating them towards mastery and fulfillment of life needs, Adler also considers that social interest is a measure of mental health. In the Adlerian counseling process, multicultural competence is considered very important as a form of empathy that can be shown by counselors to individuals with the same cultural background. This research method is skinative with a type of literature study, literature study is a technique or method by reviewing sources that have been made before, such as collecting library data, reading, recording, and reprocessing materials that will be used for research. The purpose of the research is to discuss Adlerian counseling in a multicultural perspective. The results of this study include (1) Adlerian counseling there are several techniques that can be used including interpretation, dream analysis, and also free association. (2) Adlerian counseling has stages that are important to do, namely developing relationships, exploring the dynamics of individual psychology, and finally encouraging self understanding and insight. (3) Adlerian counseling has advantages and disadvantages, which can be adjusted to the problems of the counselee that must be resolved. (4) Adlerian counseling often uses a multicultural perspective where the counseling process must run by adjusting the culture between the counselor and the counselee in order to establish a deep relationship and empathy based on similar cultural backgrounds.

Short stories are a form of literary work that reflects life in society with characters that dominate the storyline. The research is based on the researcher's interest in the personality of the characters in the story. The qualitative method in this study focuses on the narration, description, and interpretation of the character's personality in the short story collection "Menghardik Gerimis" by Sapardi Djoko Damono based on Sigmund Freud's psychoanalysis theory. The data collected by the researcher is used as an object of analyzing the character's personality structure which includes id, ego, and superego. The method in collecting data, namely literature, reading, recording, data classification, and interpretation of the analyzed data. In the analysis, there are several aspects found, such as id (satisfaction, fantasy, curiosity, discomfort, and sexual urges), ego (delaying desires, accepting reality, rejecting desires, and making decisions, superego (religious awareness and manners). The conclusion of the research shows a deep understanding of the psychological aspects of the characters in the short story through Freud's psychoanalysis with a qualitative approach that emphasizes narration and interpretation, so as to provide deep insight into the personality aspects of the characters in literary works..

This study aims to reveal the proficiency level of English language skills among first-year students in the Early Childhood Education department at Universitas Negeri Medan. The skills assessed in this study include grammar, reading comprehension, writing proficiency, listening comprehension, and oral communication. This study employed a quantitative research methodology, focusing on first-year students who are enrolled in English language courses. Throughout the research process, the researchers refrained from administering any interventions to the samples. The acquired data from the samples undergoes analysis using descriptive statistics. The analysis indicates that 70% of the students demonstrated proficiency at the A2 level, which corresponds to basic English usage according to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). This level corresponds to the English language proficiency of elementary kids. Based on this study, it is necessary to enhance the English language curriculum utilized in the Department of Early Childhood Education to align with the students' English language competence level.

This research discusses student character development through the implementation of a Quran reading literacy program at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Pua. This program aims to improve students' understanding and skills in reading the Koran, as well as to form strong characters based on Islamic values. The research method used was an experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design, where students were divided into an experimental group that took part in the Quran reading literacy program and a control group that did not take part in the program. Data was collected through Quran reading comprehension tests and character scales. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The research results show that the implementation of the Quran reading literacy program significantly increases students' understanding of Quran reading and shapes their character in accordance with Islamic values.    

Indonesian language instruction in elementary schools aims to improve students' oral and written communication. Indonesian serves as a primary tool for students to hone their language skills correctly and effectively. Reading skills in elementary school are divided into two phases: initial reading (lower grades) and further reading (upper grades). Initial reading skills influence students' readiness before entering the next learning stage. However, second-grade elementary school students often face difficulties in developing initial reading and writing skills. Factors such as socio-economic background, gender, and teaching methods used by teachers can affect the success of literacy programs. By considering these factors, we can improve students' literacy skills at the beginning level.

Literacy is an individual's ability and skills in language i.e. reading, writing, speaking, calculating and problem solving at a certain level of expertise required in daily life. Bullying is as unwanted aggressive behaviour of another young person or group of young people who are not siblings or current dating partners involving an observed or perceived imbalance of power and repeated several times or very likely to be repeated. To prevent bullying, efforts are made to conduct reading and writing literacy activities. The purpose of this study is to see how often students of the Faculty of Medicine, Gorontalo State University do literacy reading and writing, especially about bullying. This study uses a qualitative method, namely an observational survey conducted on the management of the Student Executive Board of the Faculty of Medicine, Gorontalo State University. The results obtained from 15 respondents who were interviewed found that all respondents knew about bullying. Only 2 people have never read about bullying, while 13 have. Writing literacy there are only 2 people who have done about bullying and 13 others never. From the results of the research conducted, it was concluded that all respondents knew about bullying, most had done reading literacy about bullying, and only a small proportion had done writing literacy about bullying. 

Sacrifice is one of the most important acts of worship in Islam. It is mandatory for Muslims who are able to follow and obey the commands of Allah SWT. Apart from being a form of obedience to Allah SWT, sacrifice also contains social values ​​and concern for others. Through sacrifice, Muslims learn to share their good fortune with others, especially those who are less fortunate. Therefore, this research aims to describe how the wisdom behind sacrificial worship can bring a deeper understanding of the importance of sacrificial worship in the lives of Muslims, as well as how sacrifice can provide broad benefits for individuals and society at large. This research uses research methods that are used as a type of library research or literature study which includes collecting, reading, recording and processing data from various library sources such as books, magazines and other sources. The research results show that sacrificial worship has a number of teachings that cover many spiritual, social, economic and educational aspects. These studies provide a clearer picture of the breadth and depth of the wisdom behind sacrifice, as well as how this practice remains relevant and beneficial in various aspects of Muslim life.

The purpose of this research was to understand how the values of Hajj, as contained in the hadiths of the Prophet, were applied in the context of globalization. The research method used was a type of library research or literature study, which involved collecting, reading, noting, and processing data from various literary sources such as books, magazines, and others. The results of the research indicated that the application of Hajj values from the Prophet's hadiths in the context of globalization required awareness and a collective commitment from Muslims and all humanity. By using the values of Hajj as a foundation in human interactions and in building a more just, harmonious, and sustainable global society, we could create a better world for future generations. The Hajj values derived from the hadiths of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) taught universal principles that were highly relevant in the context of globalization. Equality, brotherhood, peace, togetherness, solidarity, obedience, devotion, patience, sacrifice, sincerity, and honesty were values that could help humanity overcome global challenges and create a more just, peaceful, and sustainable world.

Abstract. One technology that is widely used today is ChatGPT, a chatbot that utilizes AI in its operation. One of the impacts that needs to be considered is the decline in student interest in reading. Students reading interest may decrease due to the convenience offered by ChatGPT through services that use natural human language. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of using ChatGPT on students' reading interest as well as identify other factors that may affect reading interest. This study investigates the effect of using AI ChatGPT on reading interest by involving respondents through filling out a Google Form questionnaire, that is Information Systems students at ITS. The results showed that there was no significant effect of using ChatGPT on the reading interest of ITS Information Systems students. The proposed recommendations include increasing student awareness of the importance of reading accredited literature, books, and scientific articles in the era of digital development. In conclusion, this study provides an in-depth insight into the influence of AI Chat GPT respondents regarding the reading interest of ITS Information Systems students.   Keywords: Artificial Intelligences (AI), Chat GPT, Reading Interest.   Abstrak. Salah satu teknologi yang marak digunakan saat ini adalah ChatGPT, sebuah chatbot yang memanfaatkan AI dalam operasinya. Salah satu dampak yang perlu diperhatikan adalah penurunan minat baca mahasiswa. Minat baca mahasiswa dapat menurun karena kemudahan yang ditawarkan oleh ChatGPT melalui servis yang menggunakan bahasa alami manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan ChatGPT terhadap minat baca mahasiswa serta mengidentifikasi faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi minat baca. Studi ini menyelidiki pengaruh penggunaan AI ChatGPT terhadap minat baca dengan melibatkan responden melalui pengisian kuesioner Google Form yaitu mahasiswa Sistem Informasi di ITS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan dari penggunaan ChatGPT terhadap minat baca mahasiswa Sistem Informasi ITS. Rekomendasi yang diajukan mencakup peningkatan kesadaran mahasiswa akan pentingnya membaca literatur terakreditasi, buku, serta artikel ilmiah di era perkembangan digital. Kesimpulannya, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam mengenai pengaruh AI Chat GPT responden terkait minat baca mahasiswa Sistem Informasi ITS. Kata kunci: Artificial Intelligences (AI), Chat GPT, Minat Baca.  

Fifth grade elementary school teachers are able to determine their students' reading literacy abilities. The aim of the research is to narrate the fifth grade reading literacy skills from the perspective of the fifth grade elementary school teacher. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The data collection technique used was interviews. The data analysis technique applied is descriptive qualitative data analysis to discuss research results and determine conclusions. There were 26 fifth grade students who were the subjects of the research. The research results showed that fifth grade students had good reading literacy skills in understanding various fiction and non-fiction texts, although there were three students with special needs who were still having difficulties. There are 26 out of 26 students who regularly borrow and read various books in the library every Friday. Morning literacy and literacy activities every Friday after gymnastics make students' literacy skills better. There were also 23 out of 26 students who were able to understand the content of reading fairy tales, short stories, explanatory texts, math story problems and thematic lesson material. This research can be applied for consideration by teachers in improving the reading literacy skills of fifth grade students.

Fifth grade elementary school teachers are able to determine their students' reading literacy abilities. The aim of the research is to narrate the fifth grade reading literacy skills from the perspective of the fifth grade elementary school teacher. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The data collection technique used was interviews. The data analysis technique applied is descriptive qualitative data analysis to discuss research results and determine conclusions. There were 26 fifth grade students who were the subjects of the research. The research results showed that fifth grade students had good reading literacy skills in understanding various fiction and non-fiction texts, although there were three students with special needs who were still having difficulties. There are 26 out of 26 students who regularly borrow and read various books in the library every Friday. Morning literacy and literacy activities every Friday after gymnastics make students' literacy skills better. There were also 23 out of 26 students who were able to understand the content of reading fairy tales, short stories, explanatory texts, math story problems and thematic lesson material. This research can be applied for consideration by teachers in improving the reading literacy skills of fifth grade students.

This research was carried out with the aim of improving students' reading skills in Indonesian language subjects using picture story media in class I elementary school at the Al-Marhamah Mosque through a case study method supported by Picture Story media. The subjects were 10 students in class I of Al-Marhamah Mosque Elementary School. Data collection techniques use tests and documentation. The data analysis used is qualitative. The results of the research show an increase in the percentage of reading results, this can be seen from the completion of the KKM or target students from action activities, namely in this study there were 8 students who were fluent in reading. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of picture story media with the help of picture stories in Indonesian language learning can improve students' reading skills even though there are still students who are not yet fluent in reading.  

This research aims to determine the role of teachers in reading interest in fourth grade students. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. The subject of this research is a class IV teacher. The data collection techniques used were interview and observation techniques. The results of the research are, 1) The role of the teacher as a motivator, the efforts made by the teacher as a motivator are by providing support to students, 2) The role of the teacher as a guide, namely by familiarizing students with reading, 3) The role of the teacher as a facilitator, namely by providing infrastructure , 4) The teacher's role as a model and role model, namely by providing examples so that students have an interest in reading. The conclusion of this research is that the teacher's role in reading interest in class IV students, namely as a motivator, guide, facilitator, and as a model and role model has been carried out well, but there are several roles that have not been implemented optimally. It is hoped that teachers will be more optimal in implementing it.

Syntactic analysis isn’t only used for the use of structural grammar, but also for explaining the relationship or connection between functions, categories, and roles in the syntactic structure to achieve a correct sentence structure. The purpose of this study is to describe the function, structure, and role of syntax in Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VII Kurikulum Merdeka book. This type of research is included in a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive design. The method used in this study is the agih method using reading and note-taking techniques, while the method of presenting data using informal data presentation. The data used is the descriptive text from the Bahasa Indonesia Kelas VII Kurikulum Merdeka book. The results of this study found 30 sentences with various sentence patterns from 4 samples of descriptive text with the most frequently found details being S-P-O syntactic functions, noun-verb-noun syntax categories, and actor-activity-target syntactic roles. Through this research it is hoped that it can provide benefits to readers so that they can deepen their knowledge in the field of syntax, and can be used as reference material and references for further research that is in line with this research.

For pupils, education is a lifelong process that ends when they develop into adults. Arabic language classes, which cover hearing, speaking, reading, and writing, are offered at religious education institutions ranging from elementary schools to universities. For pupils in class 2 of the PPTQ Al-Asy'ariyyah junior high school Tahfidz program, Kalibeber Wonosobo, the author restricts the issue of adopting and refining maharah kitabah learning utilizing the Imla' technique with the book Hayya Nata'allamu imla'. Unlike trials where the researcher is the primary instrument, this research uses it to investigate the circumstances of natural objects. Two methodologies were used in the research: experiments using both qualitative and quantitative methods.

The problem of Koran illiteracy is still a challenge among Muslim students, including at SMP N 2 Limboto Barat. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the tahsin program using the talaqqi method in eradicating Al-Qur'an illiteracy in the school. The research method used is a mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and Al-Qur'an reading ability tests before and after the program was implemented. The research results showed a significant increase in students' ability to read the Al-Qur'an, especially in the aspects of tajwid, makhraj letters, and reading fluency. The talaqqi method, which emphasizes direct learning with teacher guidance, has proven effective in helping students improve their reading of the Qur'an. Even though there are obstacles such as limited time and number of teachers, the solution implemented is in the form of additional class sessions and the involvement of more competent teachers and alumni. In conclusion, the tahsin program using the talaqqi method at SMP N 2 Limboto Barat is effective in improving students' Al-Qur'an reading skills, so it can be recommended for implementation in other schools to overcome the problem of Al-Qur'an illiteracy.

This research was motivated by the students' perceived low ability in learning to write response texts. The purpose of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in learning to write response texts to fiction reading.  Actions were taken by implementing the mobile legend online game hero story text media in learning to write response texts for fiction reading. This research used a Class Action Research (PTK) design which was carried out over 2 cycles. The subjects in this research were students in class VII-I of SMPN 4 Madiun for the 2023-2024 academic year with a total of 32 students, consisting of 16 male students and 16 female students. The data in the research were taken through response text writing skills tests and learning observations. The data obtained was then analyzed using comparative descriptive analysis techniques. The research results showed that the ability to write response texts to fiction reading increased. This is proven by the increase in student learning outcomes from the pre-cycle stage to the second cycle stage. The percentage of students' learning completeness increased successively, namely 33%; 56%; and 83%. The average score obtained by students also increases with each lesson. The average increase in students' grades sequentially in each cycle is 51.25; 65.3; and 80.7

Temperature and humidity are inseparable from server rooms. This is important because server rooms consist of computers that provide services 24 hours a day without stopping. After collecting all the supporting data, the author found that the temperature was too high and the humidity did not meet the standard, causing the computer to not function properly. The author finally created a tool that can monitor the temperature and humidity in the server room and applied it to the server room of Roemani Muhammadiyah Hospital in Semarang. The tool works by reading the temperature and humidity using a DHT22 sensor. After the data is read, the ESP32 will process the data, which will then be sent to a database and stored. The data can be viewed directly from anywhere. The tool not only monitors but also performs other functions, such as turning on the AC/fan when the temperature rises above the predetermined limit and sending notifications via Telegram to the staff so that they can take further action.This device will help the staff because all information about temperature and humidity will be recorded well, so the staff does not need to check the server room all the time.

This research aims to describe the use of metaphor in poetry as a means of expressing the depth of the author's meaning and expression. Metaphors are often used to enrich poetic language by connecting complex concepts figuratively. Qualitative analysis methods are used to examine how metaphors are used to communicate emotional and intellectual messages in poetry, with a focus on the author as a conveyer of meaning. The findings suggest that metaphor can serve as a powerful tool for expressing complex and deep ideas in poetry, enriching the reading experience and literary interpretation.