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Children as perpetrators of criminal acts are certainly obliged to be responsible for their actions that have caused harm to others. However, in being responsible for their actions in the Special Correctional Institution for Children, they also need to receive moral guidance to shape their character so that they can behave well during their sentence and when they return to society after serving their sentence. This way, they can socialize well, having gained an understanding of good character formation during their sentence, ensuring they will not commit crimes again. Therefore, the implementation of social rehabilitation to form a quality character for child criminals through community service activities is very important to be carried out. These activities will help restore their social abilities, enabling them to adapt once again and play a positive role in community life. By doing so, they can contribute to society and avoid reoffending, leading to their successful reintegration into the community.

Food security is a strategic issue related to meeting the basic needs of the community, in terms of availability, affordability, and sustainability. This study aims to describe community empowerment through a native chicken breeding program as an effort to improve food security in Pangkal Buluh Village, South Bangka Regency. The method used is a participatory approach that involves the community directly from the planning, socialization, training, implementation, to program evaluation stages. A total of 50 residents were involved as program targets, and each received four chicks, bringing the total number of chickens distributed to 200 native laying hens. The results showed enthusiasm and active participation from the community, both in attending training and in raising the chickens. The use of home yards as coops and local feed proved effective in reducing maintenance costs. This program has had a positive impact on the social aspect through the formation of livestock groups, the economic aspect with the potential for additional income from egg sales, and the food security aspect in the form of the availability of animal protein at the household level. Thus, the native laying hen breeding program can be a model for sustainable community empowerment in strengthening village food security.

This community service program aims to improve the capacity and sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Paku Village, Payung District, South Bangka, through an integrated intervention approach. The program's primary focus is education on legal protection, digital financial literacy, and product marketing, which can strengthen the competitiveness of rural MSMEs. Rural MSMEs often face various challenges, such as difficulties in complying with legal regulations, limited access to financing, and limited market reach, which hinder their growth. Therefore, this program adopts a participatory approach involving workshops, training, and direct mentoring to provide MSMEs with the knowledge and skills necessary to overcome these challenges. Expected outcomes of this program include increased understanding of business legality, adoption of digital financial transactions, and the implementation of effective digital marketing strategies. Through the integration of these three aspects, this program aims to increase MSME income, expand their competitiveness, and create new jobs at the local level. With long-term impacts that include village economic development and community empowerment, this program is expected to become a sustainable model for MSMEs in other villages in the area.

This community service program aims to empower rural women through training in making steamed buns (bakpao) using yellow sweet potatoes in Sambirejo Village, Ngrambe District, Ngawi Regency. Yellow sweet potatoes are one of the abundant local agricultural products, yet their utilization has been limited to household consumption. Through this program, yellow sweet potatoes were processed into innovative food products in the form of bakpao, which provide nutritional value, consumer appeal, and economic opportunities. The method applied was Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) with a participatory approach, emphasizing the use of local assets and the active involvement of community members. The stages included asset identification, technical training through demonstration, hands-on practice, and evaluation. Participants were drawn from PKK women and local micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The results showed significant improvements in participants’ knowledge of local food diversification, technical skills in processing yellow sweet potatoes, and entrepreneurial motivation to initiate home-based businesses. In addition, the training encouraged participants’ creativity in developing more varied local food products. Therefore, the program not only contributed to women’s empowerment but also strengthened MSMEs, promoted local food innovation, and supported community economic independence.

This training activity aims to strengthen the work competency of vocational students in the hospitality industry, particularly in the restaurant service aspect. The training was held on May 23, 2025, at the Bina Darma Hotel, Palembang, involving students from the Hospitality and Culinary Arts Study Program at the Prasetiya Mandiri Polytechnic, Palembang. The methods used were experiential learning and industry-based training, which emphasize learning through direct experience in a real work environment and reflection on the practices carried out. During the training, students were actively involved in restaurant service activities, from welcoming guests and serving food and drinks, to implementing work ethics and professional communication. Evaluation results showed a significant improvement in the students' service skills, communication skills, and work attitudes. In addition to providing benefits to the students, this activity also provides benefits to the hotel in the form of additional staff support in service and potential long-term collaborations. Overall, this training is in line with the Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) policy that encourages project-based learning and industry partnerships, and has proven effective in increasing employability skills and strengthening the synergy between the world of vocational education and the world of work.

Children as perpetrators of criminal acts are certainly obliged to be responsible for their actions that have caused harm to others. However, in being responsible for their actions in the Special Correctional Institution for Children, they also need to receive moral guidance to shape their character so that they can behave well during their sentence and when they return to society after serving their sentence. This way, they can socialize well, having gained an understanding of good character formation during their sentence, ensuring they will not commit crimes again. Therefore, the implementation of social rehabilitation to form a quality character for child criminals through community service activities is very important to be carried out. These activities will help restore their social abilities, enabling them to adapt once again and play a positive role in community life. By doing so, they can contribute to society and avoid reoffending, leading to their successful reintegration into the community.

Food security is a strategic issue related to meeting the basic needs of the community, in terms of availability, affordability, and sustainability. This study aims to describe community empowerment through a native chicken breeding program as an effort to improve food security in Pangkal Buluh Village, South Bangka Regency. The method used is a participatory approach that involves the community directly from the planning, socialization, training, implementation, to program evaluation stages. A total of 50 residents were involved as program targets, and each received four chicks, bringing the total number of chickens distributed to 200 native laying hens. The results showed enthusiasm and active participation from the community, both in attending training and in raising the chickens. The use of home yards as coops and local feed proved effective in reducing maintenance costs. This program has had a positive impact on the social aspect through the formation of livestock groups, the economic aspect with the potential for additional income from egg sales, and the food security aspect in the form of the availability of animal protein at the household level. Thus, the native laying hen breeding program can be a model for sustainable community empowerment in strengthening village food security.

This community service program aims to improve the capacity and sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Paku Village, Payung District, South Bangka, through an integrated intervention approach. The program's primary focus is education on legal protection, digital financial literacy, and product marketing, which can strengthen the competitiveness of rural MSMEs. Rural MSMEs often face various challenges, such as difficulties in complying with legal regulations, limited access to financing, and limited market reach, which hinder their growth. Therefore, this program adopts a participatory approach involving workshops, training, and direct mentoring to provide MSMEs with the knowledge and skills necessary to overcome these challenges. Expected outcomes of this program include increased understanding of business legality, adoption of digital financial transactions, and the implementation of effective digital marketing strategies. Through the integration of these three aspects, this program aims to increase MSME income, expand their competitiveness, and create new jobs at the local level. With long-term impacts that include village economic development and community empowerment, this program is expected to become a sustainable model for MSMEs in other villages in the area.

This community service program aims to empower rural women through training in making steamed buns (bakpao) using yellow sweet potatoes in Sambirejo Village, Ngrambe District, Ngawi Regency. Yellow sweet potatoes are one of the abundant local agricultural products, yet their utilization has been limited to household consumption. Through this program, yellow sweet potatoes were processed into innovative food products in the form of bakpao, which provide nutritional value, consumer appeal, and economic opportunities. The method applied was Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) with a participatory approach, emphasizing the use of local assets and the active involvement of community members. The stages included asset identification, technical training through demonstration, hands-on practice, and evaluation. Participants were drawn from PKK women and local micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The results showed significant improvements in participants’ knowledge of local food diversification, technical skills in processing yellow sweet potatoes, and entrepreneurial motivation to initiate home-based businesses. In addition, the training encouraged participants’ creativity in developing more varied local food products. Therefore, the program not only contributed to women’s empowerment but also strengthened MSMEs, promoted local food innovation, and supported community economic independence.

Children development in the digital era confronts substantial challenges stemming from rapid technological advancements. Children of the current generation, specifically Gen Z and Post Gen Z, are immersed in digital technology from a young age. Early childhood represents a demographic highly susceptible to the detrimental influences of digital media. Consequently, it is imperative to ensure that digital media utilized in early childhood education not only effectively fosters children's skills and knowledge but also remains secure and avoids producing adverse outcomes. This community service project purpose is to provide children with healthy internet literacy and to conduct training on creating digital content for them. This activity's focus was on managers and children of Mizan Amanah Orphanage for Orphans and the Poor in Surakarta. Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach was utilized, with the goal community empowering by leveraging its inherent potential and resources. Implementation phases involved a needs assessment (Discovery), defining aspirations (Dream), creating the training module (Design), finalizing a plan through a Focus Group Discussion (Define), and executing the training (Destiny). The processed questionnaires from all participants concluded that workshop material was highly beneficial and tutor's delivery was satisfactory. 63% of participants were satisfied, and 32% were very satisfied.

The community service activity themed “Efforts of the GG. Subur, Bandar Selamat Residents in Maintaining Environmental Cleanliness” was carried out to increase public awareness in maintaining the cleanliness of the surrounding environment, as well as to encourage active participation in preserving environmental sustainability. This program includes household waste management, street park cleaning, and mosque cleanliness. The methods used were socialization about the importance of maintaining environmental cleanliness, mutual cooperation in cleaning the environment, and interactive discussions with local residents to explore ideas on efficient waste management methods. The results of the activity showed a positive response from the community, with active involvement in every stage of the activity, as well as the emergence of initiatives to continue the cleanliness program independently through a mutually agreed upon routine schedule of gotong royong. This program not only increases awareness about the importance of cleanliness but also strengthens social relationships among residents and fosters a sense of ownership over the environment. In conclusion, this activity successfully raised the community’s awareness of environmental cleanliness and is expected to continue as a sustainable community-based environmental management model.

This study aims to analyze students' understanding and difficulties in probability in grade XII of SMA Negeri 1 Tanjung Morawa and identify the contributing factors. The research method used is descriptive with quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data were obtained from the results of the problems given to students, then analyzed to determine the level of understanding, types of errors, and the percentage of difficulties experienced. Meanwhile, qualitative data were obtained through interviews with subject teachers to deepen information regarding the obstacles faced by students and the learning strategies implemented. The results showed that most students experienced difficulties in determining the sample space, applying probability formulas, and interpreting calculation results. Contributing factors include limited understanding of basic concepts, a lack of variety in practice questions, and learning that still focuses on procedures. Based on these findings, the researcher offers solutions in the form of contextual learning, conceptual reinforcement through class discussions, and the provision of step-by-step practice questions with teacher guidance. This research is expected to contribute to teachers in improving the effectiveness of probability learning in schools.

This study discusses the importance of parental social support in career planning for deaf children, who have communication limitations and need special assistance in developing their potential. This study was conducted because parents often experience anxiety about the future of their deaf-speech disabled children, especially in determining appropriate career paths. This study aims to describe forms of parental social support in the process of children's career planning. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews with four parents of deaf students at SLB Asuhan Kasih Kupang. The results of the thematic analysis show that emotional, informative, and modeling support are the main forms of support provided by parents. Other supporting factors include the school environment, the exploration of children's interests, and parental expectations. These findings emphasize the importance of active parental involvement in optimally preparing children with hearing disabilities for their careers.

Burns are one of the global health problems that still cause high morbidity and mortality rates, especially in countries with limited resources. Burn management is currently undergoing rapid development through a multidisciplinary approach that includes early resuscitation, local wound care, infection control, pain management, nutritional support, and long-term rehabilitation. This study uses the literature review method by examining articles from international databases for the period 2020–2025 to obtain the latest information on burn management updates. The results of the analysis showed that innovative therapies such as the use of stem cells, biomaterials (e.g. fish skin graft), as well as nanomedicine technology with silver nanoparticles have been proven to accelerate tissue healing and reduce complications. In addition, classic approaches such as early debridement, modern dressing selection, and enteral nutrition remain the primary basis in clinical treatment. Psychosocial and physical rehabilitation aspects are also increasingly considered because they have a significant effect on the quality of life of patients. Although various therapeutic innovations have shown promising results, translation to clinical practice still faces barriers in the form of cost, regulation, and limited facilities. Therefore, updates on burn management are needed to ensure more effective, efficient, and equitable management in modern medical practice.

This research is driven by the prevalence of patriarchal perspectives within the Christian theological tradition, which frequently marginalises the role of women. Contemporary feminist theology emerges in this context as a critical effort to reinterpret women’s experiences of faith and suffering in light of God’s liberating love. This study analyses the martyrdom of the Virgin Mary and Neerja Bhanot as examples of witnessing to faith and humanity, affirming the spiritual power and courage of women in the face of patriarchal structures. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method, adopting a literature review approach to the Holy Scriptures, church documents and feminist theological literature. The results show that Mary’s martyrdom reflects quiet, prophetic faithfulness as a white martyr, while Bhanot displays universal humanitarian martyrdom. Both reveal a God who is present in love and solidarity with human suffering. This research affirms that feminist theology is a reflective praxis of liberation, demanding a transformation in the Church’s and society’s views on the dignity and role of women in the work of salvation.

This study is a literature review that examines the role of QRIS as a payment gateway in improving the efficiency of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) in MSMEs. Digital transformation in payment systems is key to speeding up, enhancing accuracy, and securing transaction records. QRIS provides a practical solution by integrating various non-cash payment methods into one system, enabling automated real-time recording and faster financial reporting. A review of ten studies shows QRIS helps speed up recording, ease reconciliation, reduce input errors, and serve as a strategic tool for AIS digitalization in the digital economy era.

This study aims to analyze the variation skills possessed by students of the Religious Arts Education program in the Microteaching course at the State Christian Institute of Theology (IAKN) Kupang in 2025. This research is descriptive qualitative, aimed at exploring and understanding the basic skills of applying variations implemented by students as prospective teachers. The analysis not only provides a general overview but also reveals the complexity of the basic skills applied in teaching practice. The results of the study show that out of seventeen students who conducted microteaching practices, 90% of them understand and master the skills of applying variations, particularly in teaching style variations such as the use of voice variation, attention focusing, and silence. This study also found that a dynamic teaching style can enhance student engagement. Furthermore, variations in the use of media and teaching materials, including those that can be seen, heard, and touched, provide a more comprehensive learning experience for students. This research is expected to contribute to the development of students' teaching skills in the future.

In human life, sports play a very important role as they can influence both physical and psychological conditions. Through regular physical activity, individuals not only achieve physical fitness but also maintain mental and emotional balance. One type of exercise that is interesting to study is slow running, which involves running at a steady but gentle pace. This study focuses on examining the effectiveness of group slow running on levels of happiness. The subjects of this research were students from the Psychology Department at Universitas Negeri Padang, class of 2021, aged between 18 and 21 years old. The study employed a quantitative method with an experimental approach using a pretest-posttest control group design. Two groups were involved in this research—an experimental group and a control group—each receiving different treatments. Measurements were conducted before and after the intervention to observe changes in happiness levels. The results of the independent sample t-test analysis showed a significance value of 0.003, which is smaller than α = 0.05. This indicates a significant difference between the two groups. Therefore, it can be concluded that group slow running is effective in increasing happiness among adolescents, particularly university students, as it fosters feelings of relaxation, enthusiasm, and togetherness.

This study comprehensively examines the concept of Sharia law by highlighting the main divisions within Islamic law: taklifi law and wadh'I law. Taklifi law encompasses five normative categories: obligation, recommendation, permissibility, makruh, and prohibition, which serve to regulate individual behavior in accordance with Sharia principles. Meanwhile, wadh'iy law emphasizes the causes, conditions, and requirements for the validity of a legal act, thus forming a normative framework that guarantees the validity of an action from an Islamic legal perspective. This study uses a normative approach through a literature review of primary sources of Islamic law, such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and classical and contemporary fiqh literature. The results of the study indicate that the division between taklifi and wadh'iy law is crucial for understanding the structure and complexity of Sharia law, both in terms of the vertical relationship between humans and God and the horizontal relationships between individuals. This study also examines the contemporary issue of plastic surgery from an Islamic legal perspective.  Plastic surgery is permissible for medical purposes, such as reconstruction following an accident, congenital defect, or impaired bodily function, as it aligns with the principles of preserving benefit and eliminating harm. However, plastic surgery solely for aesthetic purposes is considered forbidden, as it constitutes altering God's creation without a sharia (Islamic) justification. This finding confirms that the division of sharia law is not merely theoretical but also relevant in addressing modern issues, including in medical practice, and has important implications for the development of contemporary Islamic law and its application within the national legal context.

Conflict is an inevitable phenomenon in organizational life and has the potential to greatly affect performance, interpersonal relationships, and institutional sustainability. The complexity of interactions in educational, business, and social environments makes this issue increasingly relevant for in-depth study. This study aims to examine the development of scientific studies on types of conflict and conflict management strategies over the past six years. The main focus of the study is to answer two questions: what types of conflict are most dominant in organizations, and how are conflict resolution strategies applied in various institutional contexts? The research method used is a literature review with the main keyword “types of conflict,” through searches in several scientific databases. From the selection results, five relevant articles were obtained and then analyzed based on research themes and trends. The analysis results show three main findings. First, conflicts within organizations can be classified into intrapersonal, interpersonal, and intergroup conflicts. Second, conflict resolution strategies emphasize the importance of effective communication, collaboration, mediation, and participatory leadership in creating sustainable solutions. Third, ethical and religious dimensions are also important aspects in building fair and harmonious resolutions. This study confirms that effective conflict management requires a multidimensional approach that integrates managerial, psychological, and moral values. Researchers are encouraged to conduct comparative studies between institutions to enrich their understanding of organizational conflict dynamics.