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This research examines compliance with gold pawn guarantee execution procedures from a civil law perspective, using a case study of Medan District Court Decision Number 738/Pdt.G/2023/PN Mdn. The background to this research stems from the growing practice of gold pawning in society as a solution for quick cash needs, but it often raises legal issues related to the execution process of the pawned goods. The issues raised in this paper are the procedures for executing gold pawn guarantees according to applicable law and whether PT. Gadai Mas Sumut's actions in this case comply with legal provisions. This research method uses a normative juridical approach by examining Articles 1150-1160 of the Civil Code, the Consumer Protection Law, and PMK Number 122 of 2023. The analysis shows that, normatively, creditors have the right to execute pawned goods if the debtor defaults. However, execution must be carried out in accordance with legal procedures, the principle of good faith, and transparency, including through a public or voluntary auction. In the case of PT. In the case of the North Sumatra Gold Pawn, the execution was carried out without adequate notification and without evidence of an official auction, thus being deemed to have failed to meet the principle of legal compliance. Therefore, this article concludes that gold pawn execution practices must be based on the principles of legal certainty and debtor protection to prevent similar losses and disputes in the future.

This community service program aims to improve the basic accounting literacy of the students (santri) at Pondok Pesantren Nurmadani NW Montong Lisung as a strategic effort to strengthen their financial independence. The program was initiated in response to the limited understanding of systematic financial management among santri, despite their involvement in various economic activities within the pesantren, such as the cooperative, canteen, and student organizations. The activities were carried out through four main stages: needs assessment, socialization of basic accounting concepts, financial record-keeping training, and evaluation accompanied by follow-up assistance. Interactive learning methods and experiential learning approaches were applied to ensure that participants not only understood theoretical concepts but were also able to practice them directly. The results showed a significant increase in the santris’ knowledge of the basic accounting equation, general journal, ledger posting, and preparation of simple financial statements. In addition to improved knowledge, there was also a positive shift in attitudes toward the importance of transparency, accountability, and sound financial governance. Several pesantren units began implementing the financial recording formats introduced during the training. Overall, this program successfully enhanced the technical skills and financial awareness of the santri and contributed to strengthening the pesantren’s financial management practices in a more professional and sustainable manner.

This community service activity aims to improve the quality of students' reading of the Qur'an through the application of the Tilawati method with an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach at TPQ Roudhatul Jannah, Sindangkerta Village, Pagelaran District, Cianjur Regency. TPQ previously did not have a structured tahsin learning method so that students' abilities developed unevenly. The implementation of the program is carried out through five stages of ABCD: discovery, dream, design, define & deliver, and destiny. Activities start from identifying community assets, compiling common expectations, training planning, implementing classical and individual Tilawati learning, to evaluating the sustainability of the program through munaqosah. The results showed an increase in the ability of students in the aspects of tajweed, makhraj, and fluency in reading. TPQ teachers are also able to master the Tilawati method so that learning can continue independently after the program is completed. In addition, this activity strengthens collaboration between the community, teachers, and volunteers in creating a more effective learning environment. This program proves that the empowerment of community assets and the application of the Tilawati method are able to improve the quality of tahsin of students while strengthening the sustainability of community-based Qur'an learning.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) plays a strategic role in shaping students’ character and developing their religious potential. However, religious learning often becomes less engaging if not presented creatively. The PAI Festival (Pentas PAI) in Karangharja Village, Pagelaran District, Cianjur Regency, was implemented to explore and foster students’ religious talents and interests through Islamic-themed competitions. This program applied the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, focusing on mobilizing community religious assets such as Islamic teachers, preachers, and local religious institutions. The implementation consisted of five stages: discover, dream, design, define, and destiny. The results indicate that Pentas PAI effectively served as a medium for students to express their religious abilities, enhance enthusiasm for learning religion, and cultivate Islamic character values such as responsibility, sportsmanship, and confidence. Furthermore, the activity strengthened collaboration among schools, communities, and families in supporting religious education. By optimizing local assets and community participation, Pentas PAI successfully created an engaging and sustainable model of religious education at the village level.

This study examines the views of community and traditional leaders on the practice of giving alms derived from unusual sources of income in Mojopuro Village. The tradition of giving alms in Mojopuro has strong cultural roots and social values, reflecting a blend of Islamic teachings and local wisdom. However, historically, almsgiving has sometimes come from less than halal sources, such as gambling proceeds, which were once considered commonplace due to limited religious understanding. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method, using interviews with community and traditional leaders as key informants. The results show a significant shift in how the community interprets almsgiving. Religious leaders now emphasize the importance of halal sources of income and sincere intentions in giving, while traditional leaders emphasize social values such as mutual cooperation and caring for others. This transformation reflects a shift from traditional practices to a deeper religious understanding, without diminishing the values of togetherness that are characteristic of Mojopuro. Thus, the tradition of giving alms in Mojopuro is not only a form of worship but also a means of fostering morality and social solidarity that persists amidst changing times

The young generation has a strategic role in social development, especially in strengthening leadership values and national character. However, in this modern era many young people have experienced a decline in the spirit of mutual cooperation, social care, and responsibility for the community environment. Based on these conditions, this community service activity was carried out with the aim of fostering the leadership character of the younger generation through the Karang Taruna organisation in Kadipaten Village, Andong District, Boyolali Regency. The activity methods used include interactive lectures, group discussions, leadership simulations, and value reflections with a participatory approach. This activity was attended by 25 Karang Taruna members and was held for two days. Evaluation was conducted through observation, questionnaires, and interviews to measure the improvement of participants' understanding, attitudes, and leadership behaviour. The results of the activities showed a significant increase in the participants' understanding of leadership concepts, communication skills, teamwork, and sense of social responsibility. Participants also began to show initiative in designing and implementing social programmes in the village. In addition, this activity strengthens the role of Karang Taruna as a forum for character and leadership development at the village level. In conclusion, leadership character development through educative and participatory approaches has proven to be effective in developing youth leadership with integrity, visionary, and orientated towards social values. This activity is expected to be a model of youth capacity building that can be replicated in other villages.

This community service (PKM) aims to improve the English language competency of students of SMK Negeri 3 Palangka Raya specifically English For Specific Purpose (ESP). The increasingly global needs of the fashion and textile industry, both for export and import and interaction with foreign clients, require graduates to have English communication skills that are not only general, but also specific according to the terminology of design, production, and marketing of fashion products. The methods used are interactive training, and Role-Play simulations, and direct practical assistance with a focus on design presentations, negotiations with clients or suppliers, and technical terminology for sewing patterns in English. The results of the PKM show an average increase in specific vocabulary mastery of 25% as well as a significant increase in student self-confidence in using English for work scenarios, as well as a better understanding of professional terms in the field of Fashion Design. This activity is recommended to be continued as a regular school program to bridge the gap between the general English curriculum and the demands of actual work competencies in the fashion industry

Stunting isaa chronicanutritional problemathat remains a major publicahealth challengeain Indonesia, aincluding inaSeram Bagian Barat District. aOne ofathe risk factors for stuntingaamong children under five is thealow implementationaof Cleanaand HealthyaLiving Behaviora (PHBS) within families and communities. Therefore, this communityaservice programawas carriedaout withathe aimaof improving community knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to PHBS asaan effortato preventastunting inachildren underafive. The implementation methods included health education through interactive counseling, agroup discussions, aand demonstrationsaof PHBSapractices, particularly handwashingawith soap. The program was attended by 30 community menbers, most of whom were mothers with infants and young children. Coordination, collaboration, and theainvolvement ofaboth internalaand externalastakeholders, particularly the head of Waralohi Hamlet, playedaan importantarole in the success of this program. Evaluation results indicated anaincrease inaparticipants’ knowledge and understandingaof PHBS and its relevance to stunting prevention. In addition, the program was considered beneficial due to the appropriate selection of location, high participant enthusiasm, and a conducive implementation atmosphere. In conclusion, the PHBS strengthening program proved effective in raising community awareness to adopt healthy living behaviors that support effortsato preventastunting inachildren underafive.

Pastoral ministry plays a crucial role in shaping the spiritual growth of the congregation so that they live according to the principles of the Kingdom of God. In practice, many congregations do not fully understand the meaning of Matthew 6:33, so its values are merely spiritual slogans without concrete application in daily life. This study aims to design a more effective pastoral strategy within the GEREJA KRISTEN SETIA INDONESIA (GKSI) Getsemani Palah Parajo, focusing on five main aspects: (1) a theological understanding of Matthew 6:33 as the basis for pastoral care; (2) the role of the pastor and congregation in building healthy relationships; (3) identifying the congregation's spiritual needs and challenges; (4) developing contextual pastoral strategies and methods; and (5) evaluating the congregation's spiritual growth. Through this approach, it is hoped that pastoral care will become a means of forming Christ-like character, which is not only theologically relevant but also has a real impact on the congregation's daily lives.

This Community Service Program (PkM) arises from the significant challenges faced by Vocational High School (SMK) students in adapting to the rapid progression of the digital era and the widespread use of artificial intelligence (AI). In an environment flooded with online information, many students tend to accept and share digital content without adequately verifying its validity, leaving them susceptible to misinformation, deceptive media, and inaccurate data. Ethical risks linked to AI misuse have also surfaced, including plagiarism through automated text-generation tools, excessive reliance on chatbots without ethical consideration, and potential privacy breaches due to limited awareness of technological vulnerabilities. To respond to these issues, the PkM program adopts an educational strategy focused on critical digital literacy training and mentoring tailored for SMK students. The initiative highlights the importance of critical thinking in evaluating and validating digital information, while simultaneously promoting ethical responsibility in using AI. Through workshops, case-based simulations, group discussions, and practical content analysis, students learn to recognize digital manipulation and reflect on the social implications of AI. Expected outcomes include increased ethical digital awareness, the development of a sustainable training module, academic publications, and long-term collaboration between schools and universities, ultimately preparing students to be competent, ethical, and responsible digital citizens.

Developing students' creativity at the elementary school level is an important part of shaping 21st century character and skills. One approach that can be taken is through hand training with cardboard and printed images. This student service activity aims to train the creativity of fourth grade students at SDN 3 Palangka through cardboard weaving training as an innovative learning medium. This activity is motivated by the need for more interesting, active, and enjoyable learning for students. The training is carried out through several stages, namely the compaction of basic weaving techniques, independent practice by students, and evaluation of the work produced. Students are given the freedom to be creative using pieces of used cardboard, with direct guidance from the implementation team and accompanying teachers. The results of the activity show that students are very enthusiastic about participating in this activity. They are able to produce various simple new forms with creative displays that can be used as visual aids in the learning process. In addition to producing work, this activity also forms positive student character such as cooperation, responsibility, perseverance, and courage in displaying work. This activity proves that skills-based training can be a solution to present more lively and meaningful learning. Therefore, this kind of activity is very relevant to be continued and developed as part of a sustainable school program.

School cleanliness is a fundamental aspect in creating a healthy, comfortable, and character-based learning environment. This community service activity aims to raise students’ awareness of the importance of maintaining school environmental hygiene through a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach conducted at MDTA Nurul Huda, Padamaju Village, Pagelaran District, Cianjur Regency. The activity consisted of several stages: observation, educational counseling, collaborative cleaning activities, and participatory evaluation. The results show an increased awareness among students of the importance of cleanliness, a more organized school environment, and active involvement of teachers and students in maintaining school facilities. Teachers served as role models who significantly influenced students’ clean habits. The activity also affirmed the integration of Islamic values in hygiene education, aligning with the principle of an-nadhafah minal iman (cleanliness is part of faith). Therefore, the school cleanliness education program at MDTA Nurul Huda is not merely a physical cleaning action but also a sustainable form of character education based on spiritual and social values.

Hidayah Boyolali General Hospital (RSU) was established by the Yayasan Dua September Boyolali and began operating since September 2, 2011 as a medical center, then officially became a hospital in May 2012 through the Decree of the Head of the Investment and Integrated Licensing Service Agency of Boyolali Regency No. 503/002/30 of 2012. As a type D private hospital, RSU Hidayah Boyolali is committed to providing professional health services that are oriented towards customer satisfaction. In the face of fierce competition between hospitals, especially in the Boyolali area, RSU Hidayah seeks to develop an effective marketing strategy to increase the number of patient visits. This Community Service activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of the hospital development team related to marketing strategies through the Hospital Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) approach. The solutions offered include education on CSR concepts and methods in hospital marketing, CSR implementation training, and assistance in developing strategies and user interfaces for customer data collection. The output of this activity includes the publication of the results of service in scientific journals, videos of online activities, increasing the knowledge and skills of the hospital development team, and integrating the results of the activities into the Hospital Marketing Management course. This activity is expected to be able to strengthen the ability of Hidayah Boyolali Hospital to compete and increase patient satisfaction and loyalty.

This study investigates the algebraic reasoning processes of university students when expanding mathematical expressions in the context of nonroutine problem-solving. The research adopts a qualitative approach to explore how students interpret algebraic structures, apply symbolic transformations, and construct logical explanations while working through unfamiliar tasks. Data were collected through written tests, task-based interviews, and detailed analysis of students’ solution strategies. The findings reveal significant variation in students’ ability to generalize patterns, recognize structural relationships, and justify algebraic procedures. Students with strong conceptual understanding demonstrated flexible reasoning, coherent explanations, and appropriate use of algebraic properties. In contrast, students who relied heavily on procedural rules often struggled with symbolic manipulation, produced fragmented reasoning, and exhibited misconceptions related to variables and distributive operations. These results highlight the importance of fostering conceptual understanding, metacognitive awareness, and reasoning-oriented instruction in university mathematics. The study provides insights for educators seeking to design learning environments that promote deeper algebraic thinking and enhance students’ ability to solve complex, nonroutine problems.

Businesses build trademarks to promote products or services while maintaining their reputation and competitiveness. However, the practice of using well-known brands without the license owner's permission is still found. The case of counterfeiting the Arc'teryx brand by PT ATX Asia Sport Products demonstrates a violation of the exclusive rights of the brand owner. This study aims to analyze law enforcement against the circulation of counterfeit Arc'teryx products in Bali based on Law Number 20 of 2016 concerning Trademarks and Geographical Indications and review the role of the TRIPs Agreement in protecting brands in Indonesia. The method used is normative with a literature review of laws, books, journals, and literature related to unauthorized trademark infringement. The results show that the use of the Arc'teryx brand without official permission confirms the weak supervision and law enforcement of foreign brands that have not been registered in Indonesia. Although the first-to-file system applies, Indonesia still provides legal protection for foreign brands through its membership in the Paris Convention and the TRIPs Agreement. This study emphasizes the need to strengthen the role of the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights (DJKI), the Commercial Court, and increase public legal awareness to prevent trademark infringement and create legal certainty for rights owners and consumers.

Hospitals, as healthcare institutions, bear the responsibility of delivering safe, high-quality, and patient-centered services. Hospital accreditation serves as a crucial mechanism to ensure service quality and legal protection for patients, particularly in medical dispute cases. This study aims to analyze the impact of accreditation on patient legal protection, both preventively and repressively. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches, utilizing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Data were analyzed through document studies covering Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health, government regulations, presidential regulations, and technical regulations from the Ministry of Health regarding accreditation standards and procedures. The findings indicate that accreditation functions as a continuous evaluation mechanism to ensure medical services comply with safety standards and clinical governance, strengthens patients’ rights to information, informed consent, and quality care, and reduces the risk of medical disputes. However, implementation challenges exist, including limited resources, compliance performed as formalities, and inconsistent supervision. Therefore, accreditation is not merely an administrative symbol but a strategic legal instrument that enhances patient safety culture and hospital accountability, ensuring that healthcare delivery meets professional, ethical, and legal standards.

Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) play an important role in public policy networks as representatives of community interests, government partners, and advocacy actors. This study aims to analyze the role of NGOs in public policy networks in Garut Regency, as well as the challenges faced in increasing their contribution to policy formulation and implementation. The study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies of actors involved in the policy network. The results show that NGO involvement is still symbolic, power relations between actors are not yet equal, NGO institutional capacity is limited, and coordination within the policy network is less than optimal. The lack of regulatory support also weakens the position of NGOs in the public policy process. This study concludes that strengthening the role of NGOs through institutionalizing their involvement, developing regulations, increasing capacity, and establishing equal partnership patterns are important steps to improve the effectiveness of public policy networks in Garut Regency.

The study, conducted in Tilong, aimed to collect data on pig farming. The study materials included phytase, wet pig manure, dry pig manure, pig manure diluted with distilled water, individual pig pens, and 16 fattening pigs. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD), with 16 fattening pigs in each group, and each group was replicated four times. P0 was the basal diet (control group), P1 was supplemented with phytase at 1000 units/kg of feed, P2 with 1500 units of phytase/kg of feed, and P3 with 2000 units of phytase/kg of feed. The content of porcine polysaccharides (PBB) was also measured. Variables: PBB, feed intake, and feed conversion. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate all measurements. If significant differences were found, Duncan's multiple comparison test (DMRT) was used for further evaluation. The results showed no significant differences between feed conversion ratio, feed intake, and multiple bacterial colony formation rate (PBB) (P>0.05). Therefore, phytase addition at various levels did not significantly improve feed conversion ratio and PBB. The optimal enzyme addition was 1,500 units of phytase per kilogram of feed. This study concluded that further research could be conducted by increasing the enzyme addition level.

In Iranian Traditional Medicine, some herbs like Achillea millefolium, commonly known as yarrow, are implicated as appetite enhancers. However, there is not enough research evidence to prove their actual effect. Achillea millefolium is a dicot which belongs to the family Asteraceae. The purpose of this study was the analysis Achillea millefolium based on a bioinformatic study and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. This research method consisted of conversion of nucleotides into amino acids, analysis of the three-dimensional structure of Achillea millefolium protein, epitope and Allergen Proteins, antigens and toxins and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. In addition, this study also obtained the results of proteins that are epitope, antigenic, non-allergenic and non-toxic and toxicity test on the chicken embryo was 250 ng/egg.. Morphological description of the embryo on the 21st day after injection, at a concentration of 250 ng of Mentha piperita/egg product, an abnormal embryological picture was obtained. Chicken Embryo Weight and Body Length Measurements were carried out in chicken embryos. Need research for other species of plant.

Hawthorn extract has been used for ameliorating cardiac disorders and pulmonary hypertension. The main chemical constituents of hawthorn flavonoid extract (HFE) include flavonoids (1-2%), oligomeric proanthocyanidins (1-3%), and other bioactive components (e.g., triterpene acids, organic acids, sterols, and cardioactive amines). These compounds are reported to have many pharmacological effects, including neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and nephroprotective effects. This study was aimed the analysis Crataegus oxyacantha based on a bioinformatic study and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. This method consisted of analysis of the three-dimensional structure of Crataegus oxyacantha Protein, Epitope and Allergen Proteins, Crataegus oxyacantha Proteins that were antigens and toxins and toxicity test on the chicken embryo. The results of research conducted on 3 three-dimensional structures of Crataegus oxyacantha protein, GQME value and QmeanDisCo value. In addition, this study also obtained the results of proteins that are epitope, antigenic, non-allergenic and non-toxic and toxicity test on the chicken embryo was 250 ng/egg..Morphological description of the embryo on the 21st day after injection, at a concentration of 250 ng of Crataegus oxyacantha /egg product, an abnormal embryological picture was obtained. Chicken Embryo Weight and Body Length Measurements were carried out in chicken embryos. Need research for other species of plant.