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Professional competence is the ability that a teacher must have in carrying out his duties. In this day and age, teachers must have a variety of competencies related to teaching in order to increase students' interest in learning. Students are not active and are not quick to catch onsubject matter quickly becomes a big problem if PAK teachers do not have professional competence..For this reason, in the current digital era, teachers in schools need professional competence in achieving effective and efficient learning outcomes. This article uses descriptive qualitative research methods using various literature. The aim of this research is to describeprofessional competence that teachers must have. In conclusion, in order to succeed in learning activities in the digital era, teachers must have professional competence as one solution in facing learning challenges in the digital era.

The use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) in higher education in Indonesia offers great opportunities, but faces significant challenges related to copyright. The technology is capable of generating new content that supports more adaptive learning, but raises questions regarding the ownership of intellectual works, especially in the context of “fair use” and copyright protection. This research aims to examine the legal challenges in the integration of GenAI in Indonesian higher education learning as well as opportunities for its development. The method used is juridical-normative research, by analyzing secondary data from relevant regulations, books, and journals. The results show that the lack of clarity in copyright regulations in Indonesia can hinder the optimal utilization of GenAI. Nevertheless, this technology offers significant potential to improve the personalization of learning and the quality of higher education in Indonesia, provided that comprehensive and specific regulations are developed soon.

Bullying among students is a serious issue that impacts their mental, physical, and social well-being and disrupts learning activities at school. This study aims to explore the role of teachers in preventing bullying in schools through collaborative art education, utilizing a case study approach at an elementary school. Collaborative art was chosen as a method due to its potential to encourage positive interactions and empathy development among students. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with teachers, and focus group discussions with participating students. The results indicate that teacher-facilitated collaborative art effectively reduces bullying behaviors, fosters harmonious relationships among students, and enhances social skills and empathy. In conclusion, collaborative art education shows promise as a preventive method against bullying, and it is recommended for broader integration as part of character education strategies in schools.

This latah trend phenomenon is inseparable from the development of the television entertainment world in comedy shows in Indonesia, which considers the disorder of latah speech to be something funny among the younger generation. So, students consider someone who is latah in class to be something that is considered funny. This study aimed to identify the echopraxia latah speech disorder in elementary school teacher education students with a psycholinguistic approach. This research method uses the Milles and Huberman model content analysis method with data collection techniques conducting observations, interviews, and documentation on students of the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program at Esa Unggul University. The study results from three students who experienced echopraxia latah disorders. The sounds produced were categorized as moderate and caused noise during the learning process in class. This is because the noise created in the classroom is not from the latah utterances issued but because of the response of the classroom environment, which makes it noisy because someone who experiences echopraxia latah disorders does not only repeat their words but is followed by latah movements that are spoken. The causes of echopraxia latah disorders include spontaneity, daydreaming, being surprised when talking and being surprised from behind.

The use of technology in academics is one of the important factors in supporting learning and research activities, especially among students. This community service aims to improve the knowledge and skills of students of the PSDKU Mathematics Education Study Program, Pattimura University, Southwest Maluku Regency in using Mendeley as a reference management tool. The method used in this study is an experimental approach with a direct practice-based training model. Participants consisted of students of the PSDKU Mathematics Education Study Program, Pattimura University, Southwest Maluku Regency. The results of the study showed a significant increase in students' knowledge and skills in managing academic references using Mendeley, including in the aspects of compiling bibliographies, automatic citations, and organizing documents. These findings indicate that training in the use of scientific reference software such as Mendeley can have a positive impact on the quality of students' academic results.

This study aims to analyze effective choir teaching techniques to enhance students' creativity in the Choir Course at the Performing Arts Education Program, Syiah Kuala University. Using a qualitative approach, this research explores various techniques applied by lecturers, interactions during the learning process, and their impact on students' creative abilities. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively. The results indicate that vocal exploration methods, music interpretation exercises, and group collaboration significantly support the enhancement of students' creativity. This study recommends developing a creativity-based curriculum for the Choir Course.

This research aims to instill and strengthen the spirit of democracy and nationalism in every student. When they have the spirit of democracy and nationalism, their love for the nation and enthusiasm for fighting for this nation will be strong and great. One effort to instill a spirit of democracy and nationalism in the next generation is by learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The type of method used in this article is a literature review. The writing of this literature review adopts national articles published on various journal provider platforms on a national scale which discuss the importance of increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The results of the research show that increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education shows a positive direction. This means that students who have received Pancasila and citizenship education material have experienced a good improvement in their democratic attitudes and nationalist feelings. This learning is implemented in Indonesia with the aim of forming students into individuals who have strong character and are based on the values ​​of Pancasila, who have faith and devotion to God Almighty, have global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical reasoning and creativity. Apart from that, through Pancasila and citizenship education we are present to provide in-depth understanding from teachers about the essence of Pancasila and the urgency of citizenship education.

The 21st century has witnessed a rapid digital transformation in global education, reshaping traditional learning paradigms and creating new opportunities and challenges. This study explores the impact of digitalization on educational accessibility, teaching methodologies, and student engagement. The research employs a qualitative approach, analyzing current trends, technological advancements, and policy implementations in various educational systems. The findings highlight the benefits of digital transformation, such as increased accessibility, personalized learning experiences, and the integration of artificial intelligence in education. However, challenges such as the digital divide, cybersecurity concerns, and the need for teacher training persist. The study underscores the importance of strategic policies and investment in digital infrastructure to ensure equitable and effective educational transformation worldwide.

Paulo Freire’s concept of liberal education is still not implemented in the world of education in developing countries. Educational actors still adhere to the banking system to oppress students. This study raises a social correlation between educators and students called school family kinship. The education curriculum needs to be used as an indicator of success in terms of the intelligence of the children. The curriculum has continued to transform since 1947 to 2022 but has not found its identity.  Now, the independent learning curriculum is intensively grounded, but there are gaps between regions and between socio-economic groups in terms of learning quality. The implementation of the independent learning curriculum is considered not to have a significant positive effect in the outermost and marginalized areas. Therefore, the old pattern called banking system of education is still used. Students are considered empty piggy banks that must be filled by the teacher. Teachers are still recognized as the all-knowing in knowledge that must be poured into the brains of students. As a result, students can only follow what is transferred by the teacher. This is the basis for the author to try to provide briefings to Catholic teachers and education personnel in Wini and Wekfau parishes regarding the implementation of an independent curriculum in Catholic Schools. This study uses qualitative methods with observation techniques carried out in coastal parishes (Wini) and in the mountains (Wekfau) in terms of geographical location to find out the similarity of perceptions of the independent curriculum. This study applies a qualitative method with observation techniques carried out in the coastal parish (Wini) and in the mountains (Wekfau) in terms of geographical location to find out the similarities in perceptions of the implementation of the independent curriculum in two different areas.

This study is motivated by the low academic performance of fourth-grade students in Pancasila Education, specifically in the topic of mutual cooperation. The aim of this research is to assess the improvement in learning outcomes for fourth-grade students in Pancasila Education through the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model with a Differentiation approach. This research falls under the category of classroom action research and was conducted in two cycles. The subjects of the study were 28 fourth-grade students from SD YP HKBP 1 Pematangsiantar. Data were collected through observations and tests, and then analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods. The results indicate that the implementation of the PBL model with a Differentiation approach successfully improved student learning outcomes in the topic of mutual cooperation. The average student performance was 57.14 during the pre-cycle. After implementing the PBL model in cycle I, the average score increased to 71.42, and in cycle II, it rose further to 84.72. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the PBL model with a Differentiation approach is effective in enhancing the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students on the topic of mutual cooperation at SD YP HKBP 1 Pematangsiantar.

Islamic Education in schools, particularly in fiqh materials, often faces challenges in terms of student engagement and understanding. Fiqh, which is often perceived as rigid and theoretical, requires a more engaging and applicable approach to make it easier for students to grasp the concepts being taught. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in Islamic Education at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Batu and to analyze the impact of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) on students in Islamic Education learning. The PBL model was chosen due to its ability to enhance student understanding through problem-solving that is relevant to daily life. Using a case study method, this research collected data through observation, interviews, and documentation to assess the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning model in improving student comprehension. The results indicate that the use of the Problem-Based Learning model can increase students' interest and understanding of Islamic Education, especially in fiqh materials, although there are some technical challenges in its implementation.

The lack of critical thinking skills among students is one of the major issues in modern education systems. This study aims to analyze the weaknesses of traditional education systems that fail to provide space for the development of students' critical thinking skills and explore the relevance of Ivan Illich's critical education approach. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach to understand Illich's Deschooling Society concept and connect it to educational phenomena in Indonesia, such as the Merdeka Curriculum, homeschooling, and project-based schools. The findings show that Illich's critical education approach can be applied to modern education systems to create more inclusive, flexible, and empowering learning environments. Illich's learning webs concept is relevant for enhancing student engagement in learning and building their critical thinking abilities. This study recommends educational reform that focuses on individual empowerment, creativity development, and improving analytical skills to face global challenges.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed higher education in recent years by enhancing teaching methods and influencing student learning outcomes. This study investigates the effects of AI on student motivation and cognitive skills, addressing both the benefits and challenges of AI integration. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining a comprehensive literature review with a questionnaire-based survey of 60 university students from diverse academic disciplines. The results indicate that AI tools, such as intelligent tutoring systems and learning analytics, increase student engagement, motivation, and problem-solving abilities. However, concerns regarding over-reliance on AI reduced creativity, and ethical issues such as privacy and fairness persist. This study highlights the potential of AI to foster personalized learning while emphasizing the need for responsible AI implementation to address its limitations.  

This study aims to examine the role of academic guidance and counseling in helping SMA Negeri 1 Lembang students overcome mathematics learning difficulties. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with the main data obtained through in-depth interviews with students. The results show that academic guidance can improve students' understanding of math learning strategies, although its effectiveness depends on the quality and frequency of guidance. In addition, counseling guidance is proven to help students manage learning stress, especially through a personalized and empathic approach. Individual guidance approaches are more effective in meeting the needs of students with specific learning styles, while group guidance encourages collaboration and self-confidence. Teachers play an important role in creating a supportive learning environment, although some students still face challenges due to cognitive constraints and low motivation. This study concludes that quality mentoring can improve students' confidence, concept understanding and academic performance.

Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Jadid faces challenges in developing limited Information and Communication Technology (ICT) learning. The main problems faced are inadequate ICT infrastructure, lack of teacher ICT knowledge and skills, and lack of structured ICT curriculum. To overcome these problems, community service was carried out using the Community Partnership Program (PKM) method. This PKM includes ICT teacher training, improving ICT infrastructure, and preparing an integrated ICT curriculum. The implemented solutions successfully increased the use of ICT in Madrasah Aliyah Nurul Jadid, improved teacher competence in teaching ICT, and provided a strong foundation for further development in ICT learning. In conclusion, community service with the PKM approach is effective in increasing ICT capacity and infrastructure in madrasahs, supporting the improvement of the quality of education in the digital era.ICT infrastructure

Reading difficulties or dyslexia are learning disorders that affect a person's ability to recognize letters, words, or texts accurately and quickly. This study aims to identify effective guidance methods in helping individuals with dyslexia overcome their challenges. The research approach used is qualitative with a literature study method, which includes an analysis of various sources of theory and practice related to dyslexia. The results of the study indicate that the theory of dyslexia consists of the Phonology theory and the Double Deficit Theory. Teaching methods for children with dyslexia, namely the Fernald method, the Gilingham method, the Grass Analysis method, the Hegge-Kirk-Kirk method and the Neurological Impress method, personalized guidance, early intervention, the use of assistive technology, and a multisensory approach can improve the reading ability of individuals with dyslexia. These findings are expected to be a reference for educators, parents, and practitioners to develop more inclusive and effective guidance strategies in supporting the development of children with dyslexia.

This study aims to examine the application of artificial intelligence technology in the transformation of education management in Junior High Schools to improve learning effectiveness. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design, which involves observation, in-depth interviews with principals, teachers, and students, as well as analysis of documents related to the implementation of artificial intelligence-based digital learning. The data obtained was analyzed using thematic analysis techniques to identify the challenges, opportunities, and impacts of artificial intelligence technology in learning in junior high schools. The results of the study show that the application of artificial intelligence can increase the effectiveness of learning, especially in terms of personalization of learning and management of student learning time. The contribution of this research provides insight into the importance of artificial intelligence technology-based education management in improving the quality of learning at the junior high school level.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning is not only aimed at improving students' knowledge, but also forming Islamic attitudes and behaviors according to religious values. This study aims to develop authentic assessments integrated into cooperative learning models in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects in Elementary Schools by focusing on the material of Surah Al Alaq. Authentic assessments are used to assess students' cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects more comprehensively in a real-world context. This assessment is designed to improve students' understanding of Surah Al Alaq, which includes the content, values ​​of faith and knowledge, and the spirit of learning as contained in Surah Al Alaq. The research method used is a case study with a qualitative approach. The results of the study indicate that the use of authentic assessments in cooperative learning increases student participation, understanding of Islamic values, and cooperation skills. This study provides recommendations for educators to implement authentic assessment as an integral part of cooperative learning, especially in Al-Quran materials such as Surah Al-Alaq to create more meaningful learning in Islamic Religious Education subjects

The skill of reading is referred to as mahārah qirā’ah in Arabic, which is the third skill after mahārah istima’ and mahārah kalām. In the Arabic Language Education program, some students come from non-boarding school backgrounds and may not have studied Arabic extensively before. This condition can present several challenges, especially in reading Arabic texts. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors that contribute to the difficulty in reading Arabic texts among students from non-boarding school backgrounds in the Arabic Language Education program at UINSU, batch 2021. The method used in this study is qualitative research, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews/questionnaires with five students, and a literature review of previous research. The results of this study show that factors affecting the difficulty in reading Arabic texts among non-boarding school students include their educational background, a lack of understanding of nahwu (syntax) and sharf (morphology), insufficient vocabulary mastery, and a lack of interest in learning Arabic. This study reveals these factors in order to raise awareness among educators about the issue and encourage students to improve their skills in learning Arabic.

This study uses a qualitative descriptive method to explore the potential of Lake Toba as an open-ended material in learning Indonesian for Foreign Speakers (BIPA). The research findings show that the geographical uniqueness of Lake Toba as a tourist destination offers opportunities for enriching relevant vocabulary for BIPA learners. In addition, the cultural elements typical of Lake Toba, such as traditions, arts, and customs, are rich learning resources in supporting language and culture teaching simultaneously. To maximize this potential, teaching materials are developed through interactive modules, learning videos, and virtual tours that present an immersive learning experience. This approach not only improves learners' language skills but also creates a deep emotional connection with the material, because learners can experience the beauty of Indonesian culture directly through the media provided.