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The purpose of this study is to examine how fourth-grade students at MI Al Barokah An Nur Jember use teaching aids to learn about the excretory system. A qualitative descriptive method was used, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that teaching aids are crucial in helping students understand the components of the excretory system in more detail. The tools used include replicas of human excretory organs, such as the kidneys and lungs. Teaching aids serve as visual media used by teachers to attract students' attention and enhance their engagement in the learning process. They also stimulate students' motivation to learn and assist them in retaining the concepts being taught. Therefore, teaching aids have proven to be beneficial in supporting science learning in the fourth grade at MI Al Barokah An Nur Jember.

Through literature analysis, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the guided inquiry learning paradigm in teaching science at the primary school level. The methodology used in this research is qualitative, characterized by a literature review that analyzes various publications related to the implementation of the guided inquiry model. The results of the analysis show that the inquiry learning approach is effective for increasing student learning achievement, improving science processes, and increasing student learning motivation in science subjects. This model facilitates students to be actively involved in the learning process while still receiving direction from the teacher. The results of this study indicate that a directed inquiry learning model can serve as an effective alternative for science learning in primary schools.

Getting satisfactory student learning outcomes is the most expected goal by all teachers. However, if the reality is not as expected, especially in elementary school units, of course, teachers' steps do not stop to improve and achieve the main goal. That is what happened to students in grade VI of SDN Harjasari 1, South Bogor District, Bogor City, where the Writer is assigned. The lack of student learning activities in the classroom is the main cause of not getting maximum learning results. For this reason, the author conducted research by applying the Group Investigation Learning Model  as a step to maximize student learning outcomes in the classroom. By forming heterogeneous groups to carry out Natural and Social Science practice activities on artificial vegetative plant propagation, students are more active and can provide group results that are inventions. As a result, students were able to show an increase in learning outcomes well, from 81.5% in the first cycle to 92.6% in the second cycle. Conveying the results of group work, discussing, expressing discoveries while practicing, being thorough, appreciating the work of other groups and providing good learning results is proof that by applying the Group Investigation learning model  has succeeded in achieving the research goals expected by the author. However, this achievement does not indicate that this is the end of the learning model in the teaching and learning process in schools. Educators should use a variety of more interesting learning models to achieve their desired educational goals and as a way to improve their quality as professional teachers at the elementary school level in Indonesia.

Early science education has a strategic role in forming critical and innovative thinking patterns in children as a provision to face challenges in the era of globalization and technological advancement. However, the implementation of the scientific approach at the early childhood education (PAUD) and elementary school levels still faces various obstacles, such as limited teacher knowledge, lack of contextual learning facilities, and teaching methods that tend to be one-way. In fact, childhood is a phase of cognitive development that is very potential to foster curiosity and scientific thinking skills. The low science literacy scores of Indonesian students in international studies indicate the need for intervention from an early age. Therefore, community service programs that aim to build a foundation for children's science from an early age are very important. This program includes teacher training, development of learning media, and exploratory activities based on simple experiments that are appropriate to the world of children. Through this approach, it is hoped that a young generation can be created who not only understand science conceptually, but also have the ability to think critically, creatively, and find solutions in facing problems in the future.

Work Practice is a form of providing education and skills training that systematically and synchronously combines educational programs on campus and skills mastery programs obtained through working in the world of work, aimed at achieving a certain level of professional expertise. This work practice is part of an internship program implemented by the North Sumatra State Islamic University (UINSU) consisting of students from the Computer Science Study Program, Faculty of Science and Technology. North Sumatra State Islamic University (UINSU). The author was assigned to the Medan City Religious Education and Training Agency, one of whose duties was compiling and archiving documents. The author supervises and reviews the progress of structuring and writing documents at the Education and Training Agency. The method for implementing the internship/field work practice program (Magang) used by students is Project Based Learning (PBL) is a teaching method where students learn by being actively involved in projects in the real world and with personal meaning. This MBKM program internship activity results in the transfer of knowledge, transfer of skills, and transfer of new technology which will be useful for students as guidance and useful experience in the world of work in the future.

The objective of this journal article is to present the findings of a dissemination activity concerning effective methods for studying legal science within faculties of law. This initiative responds to the persistent issue of the low quality of law graduates from institutions of higher education in Indonesia. The dissemination of effective learning methods in legal studies reveals that the improvement of campus facilities, paricularly classroom, libraries, and the overall safety of the academic environment must be prioritized alongside the enchancement of teaching staff quality. Such enhacement may be pursued by increasing lecturer’s income, thereby allowing them to concentate solely on reserch and teaching without the burden of administrative duties. Improved lecturer quality is expected to contribute significantly to academic quality of law graduates. This is due to the fundamental principle that effective legal education requires extensive reading, which is facilitated through library devolepment, as well as the frequent practice of procedural law, which necessitates the availibility of a legal laboratory in the form of a moot coourt facility.

This research investigates the factors contributing to low understanding of environmental degradation among sixth-grade students at SDN 12 Padang Koto Gadang. The study aims to identify internal and external factors affecting students' comprehension of environmental issues within the IPAS (Natural and Social Sciences) curriculum. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with the class teacher, classroom observations, and document analysis of lesson plans and student assessment records. The findings reveal that internal factors include low learning motivation, where students perceive environmental materials as mere memorization tasks, and a significant mismatch between students' kinesthetic-visual learning styles (78%) and the predominantly auditory-lecture teaching methods. External factors encompass conventional teaching approaches dominating 85% of classroom time, limited technological infrastructure, and insufficient interactive learning resources. A paradoxical finding shows that while 70% of students claim environmental concern, only 23% consistently practice eco-friendly behaviors, indicating a substantial gap between cognitive knowledge and behavioral application. The study recommends implementing a hybrid learning model combining Problem-Based Learning with local contexts, utilizing simple nature-based media, and establishing strategic community partnerships. These findings contribute to developing more adaptive and contextual teaching methods aligned with Merdeka Curriculum principles for elementary environmental education.

Critical thinking skills are essential for every student, especially in today's digital era, where information is spread so freely and without limits. Students need to be taught how to think critically to make the right decisions regarding the information obtained. At school, developing critical thinking skills will help students face increasingly complex challenges. In this case, teachers play a very important role in guiding and educating students to develop these skills well. The objectives of this study are: 1) To find out the role of social studies teachers in improving the critical thinking skills of 8th grade students in the digital era of Ngeri 1 Boyolangu Junior High School. 2) To find out the steps used by social studies teachers to develop critical thinking skills of 8th grade students at Ngeri 1 Boyolangu Junior High School. 3) To find out the inhibiting and supporting factors in developing students' critical thinking skills. The approach used in this research is qualitative. data collection procedures in this study using observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques are carried out through data collection, data reduction, data display, and data verification. Research Results: 1) Teachers play a role in designing lesson plans with varied learning methods, in each method there are discussion activities, teaching by taking real problems in accordance with the reality related to the material in the classroom, familiarizing students to ask, answer, provide input and provide simple solutions related to the problems given.2) Steps to Develop Students' Critical Thinking Skills, including teachers getting students used to asking questions, answering, providing simple solutions related to the problems given. Teachers use digital media, such as PowerPoint and websites, as well as game-based learning, which not only makes learning more interesting but also supports students' critical thinking skills through technology. Teachers provide positive motivation to encourage students to participate more actively in learning. 3) The inhibiting factors include the rapid flow of digital information, “filter bubble,” lack of digital literacy, and low learning independence. Supporting factors include motivation from teachers or parents and students' intellectual development, which encourages exploration of information and a higher learning spirit.

Critical thinking skills are essential for students to be able to analyze, evaluate, and solve problems systematically. However, during learning, many students still have difficulty in developing these skills, which can be caused by less interactive learning methods and the lack of implementation of effective teaching strategies. This study aims to determine the efforts of social studies teachers in improving critical thinking skills of grade VIII students at SMPN 1 Sumbergempol. This study is a type of case study research. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. This study shows that the efforts made by teachers in improving students' critical thinking in social studies learning are to give students a problem and they must solve the problem, in addition, the use of strategies, methods, models, and learning media also have an effect on improving students' critical thinking, especially in social science learning.

This research aims to explore the challenges and opportunities in implementing character education through Social Sciences (IPS) learning in elementary schools, especially at MIN 1 Metro. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data was collected through interviews, observation and literature study. The research results show that the main challenge lies in the diversity of student backgrounds and differences in character based on gender, which requires a different and more personalized teaching approach. On the other hand, the Independent Curriculum provides great opportunities with flexibility in planning and implementing learning that is integrated with character values. Strategies such as value reflection, collaboration between students, and strengthening teacher-student relationships have proven effective in instilling values ​​such as honesty, responsibility, tolerance, and cooperation. This research concludes that character education can be implemented optimally if it is supported by an adaptive curriculum, appropriate teaching strategies, and active involvement of teachers and parents.

This study aims to identify the optimal model in the integration of philosophical disciplines in the structure of the educational program of “Public Administration” students, as well as explore the features of the management of educational strategies suitable for the training of civil servants. The main focus of this research is: 1) academic management strategies to overcome curriculum overlap due to the dominance of philosophical disciplines in public administration study programs; 2) adaptation of educational programs for public administration students to be in line with the needs of the world of work, both at national and international levels; 3) characteristics of internationalization of public administration education programs, especially in the context of academic mobility and adaptation of the Indonesian public administration system to global standards. This research uses the cultural-historical analysis approach, comparative method, structural-functional method, and expert evaluation to explore and analyze problems and develop solutions. The research findings show that the dominance of traditional philosophy courses in the curriculum is often ineffective in shaping the competencies needed in the world of work. The research identified three main challenges: saturation of the curriculum with theoretical courses, lack of connection between the curriculum and the practical needs of the working world, and low use of English in teaching key courses. To address these issues, this research proposes restructuring the curriculum through the integration of three disciplinary groups: applied logic, cultural studies, and applied political science. In addition, the implementation of a contextualized bilingual learning model is also considered as a solution to improve the relevance of the curriculum. The uniqueness of this article lies in its approach that combines philosophical studies with managerial strategies in curriculum design, complemented by empirical experiences from international and cross-institutional cooperation. This article offers a reinterpretation of the utilization of philosophy as a tool for the development of professional competence in public administration education, not just as an abstract worldview.

This research is motivated because the teaching materials used are still conventional and students' understanding of problem solving is still in the low category. Therefore, this study aims to develop research and improve the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the Science learning module for Class V MI Muhajirin, Jambi City. Reach and Development (R&D) consists of four stages, namely, define, design, develop and disseminate. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D). This research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Muhajirin, Jambi City. The instruments used were assessment questionnaires, teacher and student interview sheets along with test questions. The subjects in this study were grade V students consisting of 20 students. The results of this study indicate that the level of validity of the application of the learning module shows a percentage of 80% included in the very effective category, the level of practicality shows 92.8% with a very practical category and the level of effectiveness shows a percentage of 64.2% with a very valid category.

This research is motivated because the teaching materials used are still conventional and students' understanding of problem solving is still in the low category. Therefore, this study aims to develop research and improve the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the Science learning module for Class V MI Muhajirin, Jambi City. Reach and Development (R&D) consists of four stages, namely, define, design, develop and disseminate. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D). This research was conducted at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al-Muhajirin, Jambi City. The instruments used were assessment questionnaires, teacher and student interview sheets along with test questions. The subjects in this study were grade V students consisting of 20 students. The results of this study indicate that the level of validity of the application of the learning module shows a percentage of 80% included in the very effective category, the level of practicality shows 92.8% with a very practical category and the level of effectiveness shows a percentage of 64.2% with a very valid category.

This study is motivated by the observation that during the teaching and learning process of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS), many students still demonstrate low learning motivation. The use of conventional teaching methods, such as lectures and written assignments, tends to be less effective in attracting students' interest. The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of interactive media in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject for fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 02/IX Sekernan and to determine whether the use of interactive media can improve students' learning motivation in this subject. This study employs a classroom action research design, consisting of two cycles. Each cycle includes four stages: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects are fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 02/IX Sekernan. The results of data analysis indicate that the use of interactive media can enhance students' learning motivation in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject. Observation results show an increase in student engagement from the first cycle to the second, with the average score rising from 71.27% (categorized as fair) to 81% (categorized as good). It can be concluded that the use of interactive media can improve the learning motivation of fourth-grade students in the Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subject at SD Negeri 02/IX Sekernan.

Improving the quality of learning in madrasas is a strategic and sustainable effort that includes various aspects, starting from developing a contextual and integrative curriculum, improving the competence of teaching staff, to optimal utilization of educational technology. In the context of globalization and rapid development of science, madrasas are required not only to maintain their Islamic identity, but also to be able to produce graduates who are competent, have character, and are adaptive to the challenges of the times. Therefore, learning in madrasas needs to be designed holistically, integrating spiritual, moral, and intellectual values ​​with an innovative and participatory pedagogical approach. In addition, support from various parties such as the government, society, and religious institutions is an important factor in creating a superior and competitive madrasa education ecosystem. With these steps, it is hoped that madrasas can become educational institutions that are not only relevant to the needs of the times, but also make a significant contribution to producing a generation that is knowledgeable, moral, and highly competitive.

This study aims to explore and analyze the values ​​of the integration of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) with science in learning in Senior High Schools (SMA) in the Riau Islands. In the era of globalization and rapid technological advances, it is important for education to integrate religious knowledge and science in order to create students who are not only intellectually intelligent but also have strong characters. The research approach used is qualitative descriptive with a case study method involving in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies in several high schools in the Riau Islands. This study found that despite major challenges in terms of limited infrastructure, human resources, and access to technology, the integration of PAI and science can enrich students' understanding of the relationship between religion and science. By integrating science into Islamic teachings, students not only learn scientific knowledge but are also trained to think critically in the context of religion and morals. On the other hand, geographical challenges and limited facilities in the Riau Islands cause gaps in the implementation of this integration. Therefore, this study suggests the need for more adaptive learning strategies, improved teacher training, and the use of mobile technology to overcome these challenges. This research is expected to contribute to the development of a more inclusive and relevant education curriculum, especially in remote areas such as the Riau Islands.

This study aims to develop an effective classroom teaching model using the SQ3R knowledge differentiation method and to test the validity of the product as well as the benefits of the model. The method used in this research is research and development (F&E) that follows the Borg & Gall model consisting of 10 steps, which includes the first trial, corrections based on the trial results, field test, and survey and distribution of the product to support education in schools. In the development stage, the products were tested for validity and effectiveness. The results showed that validation from experts obtained an average score of 9.7 with the category “very valid.” In addition, the 1-1 trial resulted in an average score of 93.63% for the learning model, 102% for the material aspect, 98% for practicality, and 96% for benefits. All aspects were categorized as “very interesting,” “very easy,” and “very useful.” Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the Flipped Classroom learning model with the SQ3R differentiation method is proven effective in improving critical thinking skills of grade IV students in science subjects at SDN Klenang Lor 1. This model is also very feasible to be applied in science learning and has the potential to be adapted and applied to other subjects at the elementary school level.

This research discusses how the integration of Islamic values and learning innovation can be applied in Islamic Religious Education in higher education, especially at the Indonesian Education University. The background of this research is the challenges of globalization and technological developments that require Islamic education to continue to innovate without ignoring the principles of sharia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, involving lecturers, students, and religious leaders as informants. The results showed that the integration of Islamic values in Islamic education is done through the Islamization of science approach, the use of technology in learning, and the creation of a religious academic environment. In addition, innovations such as Problem-Based Learning and Experiential Learning methods proved to be able to increase students' interest and understanding of Islamic teachings. In conclusion, collaboration between academics, students, and religious leaders is very important in creating Islamic Religion Education learning that is relevant, interesting, and still in accordance with Sharia law. This research is expected to provide an overview and strategic recommendations for the development of Islamic education in the modern

This study aims to describe the improvement of student learning outcomes in science learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model in Class V of SDN 16 Pulau Karam, Pesisir Selatan Regency. This study is a classroom action research (PTK) with a qualitative and quantitative approach. Implemented in 2 cycles, cycle I consists of 2 meetings and cycle II consists of 1 meeting. The results of the study showed an increase in teaching modules in science learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model, the implementation of science learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model and student learning outcomes in science learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. This can be seen from the average observation results of the Teaching Module cycle I which was 87.4% (B) increasing in cycle II to 92.8% (SB). This is also seen in the average results of teacher activities in cycle I which were 85.9% (B) increasing in cycle II to 93.8% (SB). In student activities, the average cycle I was 84.3% (B) increasing in cycle II to 93.8%. In student learning outcomes, the average cycle 1 was 81% (B) and increased in cycle 2 to 91%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model can improve the results of learning science in class V SDN 16 Pulau Karam, Pesisir Selatan Regency.

This study aims to determine the impact of the use of textbooks on the learning interests of grade IV students of SDN 01 Gunung Tuleh in the subject of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS). This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation and interviews. The results of the study indicate that most students are less interested in learning IPAS whose main learning sources come from printed books. Several factors that cause low student learning interest include the lack of variation in teaching methods used by teachers and the lack of relevance of the material to students' daily lives. Based on these findings, it is recommended that teachers use more varied, interactive, and innovative teaching materials, as well as materials related to students' daily experiences to increase their involvement and motivation in learning IPAS. With a more interesting and relevant approach, it is hoped that students' interest in learning IPAS can increase significantly.