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Background: Stunting remains a serious public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in rural areas such as Ambasea Village, Laeya Sub-district, South Konawe Regency. Stunting, or chronic growth failure in children due to prolonged malnutrition, generally occurs during the first 1,000 days of life. In Ambasea Village, this problem is exacerbated by irregular eating patterns among toddlers, consumption of low-nutrient foods, and poor hygiene behaviors. Toddlers frequently consume unhealthy snacks, reject main meals such as rice and side dishes, and rarely wash their hands with soap before eating or after using the toilet. Furthermore, limited access to basic sanitation—such as the lack of proper latrines and adequate wastewater disposal systems (SPAL)—also contributes to the high risk of infections that disrupt nutrient absorption, increasing the likelihood of stunting in children. Objective: This study aims to describe the environmental health conditions contributing to the incidence of stunting among children aged 0–2 years in Ambasea Village. Methods: The research used an observational analytic method with a quantitative cross-sectional design. The study involved 54 toddlers identified as stunted. Data were collected through structured interviews with parents or caregivers and direct observation of the household and surrounding environmental conditions. Results: The results showed that 66.5% of households did not have access to proper latrines, and 70% lacked adequate wastewater disposal systems. However, 87% had access to clean water, and 85% of respondents demonstrated good handwashing behavior. Conclusion: The environmental health conditions in Ambasea Village reveal ongoing challenges related to latrine ownership and wastewater management. Although clean water access is relatively good and hygiene practices among residents are fairly positive, improving sanitation infrastructure remains crucial. Enhancing these conditions is expected to significantly reduce the risk of stunting among toddlers in the area. Collaborative efforts involving local government, health workers, and the community are essential to create a healthier environment for early childhood development.

SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is located in Bawen District, Semarang Regency, and has six Expertise Programs, namely Agricultural Product Agribusiness, Plant Production Agribusiness, Livestock Production Agribusiness, Agricultural Mechanization, Food, and Tourism. Graduates of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen have spread across various regions of the archipelago and work in various sectors of the business and industrial world. This proves that SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is able to produce graduates with qualified vocational skills. This community service activity aims to provide additional knowledge to the students of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen about the importance of processing banana peels into value-added products, such as banana peel flour and cookies made from banana peels. In addition, this activity also provides information about food safety and the content of bioactive compounds in banana peels, which can be used to support health and innovation of food products. The community service program with the title "Banana Peel Processing for Students of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen Semarang Regency" is designed to increase students' insight and creativity. With this activity, it is hoped that students will not only have technical skills, but also understand aspects of sustainability, product innovation, and the use of food waste based on local wisdom. This knowledge is expected to be a valuable provision for students when entering the world of work and when contributing to the surrounding community. The results of this activity show that SMK Negeri 1 Bawen students already have a good foundation of vocational skills. Nevertheless, they still require strengthening thematic insights, especially in terms of innovative product processing, waste management, and sustainability concepts.

Anemia is a common health problem among adolescent girls, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This condition is generally caused by insufficient iron intake, an unbalanced diet, and increased iron requirements during growth. Anemia not only impacts physical health but also affects concentration, productivity, and quality of life. Therefore, interventions based on nutrition education and the utilization of local food sources are crucial in sustainable anemia prevention efforts. One potential complementary therapy alternative is the consumption of herbal drinks based on moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera). Moringa leaves are known to be rich in iron, vitamin A, and antioxidants that play a role in red blood cell formation. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of adolescent girls in utilizing moringa leaves as a natural source of iron. The target group is grade 10 and 11 female students at SMA Sejahtera Palembang, which was held in June 2025. The activity methods included a nutrition lecture on anemia and the importance of iron, an interactive discussion on the benefits of moringa leaves, and hands-on practice in making herbal moringa drinks (such as moringa leaf tea and moringa juice). The material was delivered using a communicative and participatory approach to actively engage participants. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of the causes of anemia, the benefits of moringa leaves, and their willingness to consume herbal drinks as a preventative measure. Most participants also expressed interest in trying to make their own moringa herbal drink at home. This activity is expected to become part of school-based promotional and preventive efforts to address anemia in adolescent girls.

Tempoyak is a traditional Indonesian fermented food made from the flesh of durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.), which undergoes spontaneous fermentation driven by indigenous microorganisms. The fermentation process generally occurs under anaerobic conditions and is primarily dominated by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), including species such as Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, and Pediococcus. These bacteria play a crucial role in modifying the physicochemical properties of the product, including a significant reduction in pH, an increase in the concentration of organic acids, and the formation of volatile compounds responsible for tempoyak’s distinctive aroma and overall flavor complexity. In addition to enhancing its unique sensory profile, the fermentation process also extends the shelf life and introduces probiotic potential to the final product. This study aims to observe and analyze the microbiological and chemical aspects of tempoyak fermentation and to evaluate its potential as a local functional food with health-promoting properties. Laboratory tests and microbial analyses confirmed that the fermentation process not only retains essential nutrients but also promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria, provided the production conditions are hygienically maintained at all stages. The study emphasizes the importance of controlled fermentation techniques to ensure product safety and consistent quality. Furthermore, the findings reveal that tempoyak could serve as a promising probiotic-rich food that supports digestive health, contributing to the diversification of traditional Indonesian fermented foods. With its appealing flavor, cultural value, growing consumer interest, and potential health benefits, tempoyak holds significant promise for future development and commercialization, particularly in the field of functional food innovation rooted in indigenous culinary practices.

Probiotics from West Sumatra curd have the potential to improve the production performance of local West Sumatra ducks, where Probiotics are live bacteria given as food sulpementation. Giving probiotics can have a beneficial effect on health where probiotics produce inhibitor compounds so that they can maximize the absorption of food in the intestines of livestock. The purpose of this study was to observe the production performance of ducks given probiotics. The design used was a randomized complete factorial method. The first factor (A) Dosage of probiotics (LAB) is with treatment A1: 1 ml (12.7 x 108 CFU/g); A2: 2 ml (25.4 x 108 CFU/g); A3: 3 ml (38.1 x 108 CFU/g). The second factor (B) is the frequency of probiotic administration, namely B1: 0 times; B2: 1 time; B3: 2 times; B4: 3 times; B5: 4 times; B6: 5 times; B7: 6 times, consisting of 4 replicates with a total of 346 ducks. The observed variables were food consumption, body weight gain, ration conversion, carcass percentage. The results of this study were the average food consumption at a dose of 3 ml with 5 times administration (995.79g). The highest average body weight gain (369.74 grams) dose of 1 ml and 5 times administration. The highest carcass percentage with a dose of 3 ml and a frequency of 5 times (72.63%).

Turmeric is a spice commodity that has high economic market potential. However, the utilization of turmeric, especially in Kunden Village, Sukoharjo Regency is still limited in terms of processing innovation, and creates organic waste that has not been optimally utilized, namely turmeric leaves. The Village Development Program, carried out a zero waste-based transformation through the manufacture of gummy spices from rhizomes and liquid organic fertilizer from turmeric leaf waste. This activity is with the farmer women's group of Tani Lestari, with stages of socialization, training, and practice. The results of this program show that the farmer women's group of Tani Lestari members are able to understand product processing innovations in the form of turmeric gummy and optimize turmeric leaf waste into liquid organic fertilizer. Gummy turmeric is a functional food product that is good for health, while liquid organic fertilizer is an alternative to reducing organic waste from turmeric leaves to support sustainable agriculture. The provision of e-modules strengthens the sustainability of the program even after the activity has ended. Zero waste-based innovation not only encourages community participation, especially farmer women's group in village development based on local resources, but also creates a community that is adaptive to progress.

This study analyzes the qualitative relationship between government fiscal expenditures and poverty reduction in East Java, Indonesia. Despite contributing significantly to national poverty reduction, East Java still has the largest number of poor residents among provinces in Java. The research focuses on four key variables: education expenditure, health expenditure, village funds (Dana Desa), and non-cash food assistance (BPNT). Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the study synthesizes secondary data from 2019 to 2024, including statistical reports from BPS and budget data from the Ministry of Finance, as well as previous empirical studies. Findings reveal that government health expenditure and village funds tend to have a stronger and more consistent impact on reducing poverty, particularly in rural areas. Education spending shows mixed results, often influenced by local capacity and governance. Meanwhile, BPNT contributes to short-term consumption but lacks sustainable poverty alleviation effects due to limited value and targeting issues. The results support the capability approach, highlighting the importance of access to basic services for long-term well-being, and reinforce the social democratic view that structural intervention is necessary to address inequality. This study concludes that poverty reduction efforts must go beyond funding amounts and focus on contextual relevance, implementation quality, and spatial equity. A place-based approach supported by strong local governance is essential for effective poverty alleviation in diverse regions like East Java.

The community service activity was carried out in Lima Puluh Subdistrict, Batu Bara Regency. The partner in this activity was the Regional Development Planning, Research, and Development Agency. The main problem faced by the partner is the absence of an official slaughterhouse building in Batu Bara Regency. Until now, only independently managed slaughterhouses owned by the community have been used as animal slaughtering facilities. However, these slaughterhouses can only accommodate a limited number of slaughters. Moreover, issues related to poor meat hygiene and cross-contamination during slaughtering and packaging processes for consumer distribution are still frequently encountered. The solution to this problem is to establish an official slaughterhouse in Batu Bara Regency that meets both administrative and technical requirements. The purpose of this activity is to provide understanding to the community and stakeholders regarding the utilization of an official slaughterhouse and the importance of having a standardized slaughterhouse. The expected outcomes of this community service activity are: (1) to increase public knowledge in Batu Bara Regency regarding the importance of RPH utilization, (2) to enhance awareness of providing meat that is Safe, Healthy, Whole, and Halal (ASUH), and (3) to provide recommendations to the local government regarding the planning and development of an official slaughterhouse.

This study focuses on prioritizing quality and customer satisfaction as the key to the success of the Dapur Mami Icha Catering MSME in Medan, North Sumatra. This business, which started with a small capital, has succeeded in building a reputation through serving delicious, healthy, and affordable food menus, as well as friendly and personal service. The strategy for retaining customers is carried out through a direct communication approach, such as reminders to order before the event day, and price adjustments according to customer needs. In addition, innovation in menu development and consistency in quality are the main factors that make customers loyal and recommend this service. Collaboration with similar business actors also strengthens the competitiveness and capacity of the business. The success of Dapur Mami Icha confirms that focusing on product quality and customer satisfaction is an important foundation in building a sustainable and competitive MSME business in the local catering market.  

This study aims to find the most dominant type of waste that damages the coastal area of ​​Putra Deli Beach, Deli Serdang Regency. Based on field observations and interviews with local people, it was found that inorganic, including plastic, is the type of waste that damages the coastal environment the most. Plastic waste persists such as beverage bottles, plastic bags, styrofoam, and food wrappers which are dominant because they do not decompose quickly. This condition is exacerbated by the low public awareness in maintaining cleanliness and the lack of adequate waste management facilities. The impact is not only visually polluting the environment, but also threatening the marine ecosystem, public health, and reducing the value of local tourism. The results of this study are expected to be the basis for mitigation efforts and improving waste management in coastal areas.

Fans of noodle food among young people are increasing every year because consumers without seeing the risk of fast food that is often consumed every day will cause disease. The emergence of this research is to develop innovative judes persea noodles where the raw material of the product is made from avocado leaves and does not use preservatives so that it can be said to be healthy food. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, which aims to understand consumer perceptions and buying interest in the innovation of healthy spicy noodles made from avocado leaves. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, including interviews with various groups such as teenagers, students, housewives, and healthy culinary actors. The results showed that the innovation of healthy spicy noodles made from avocado leaves has the potential to be accepted by the market because it contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and saponins that function as antioxidants and antibacterials, and can increase the nutritional value and durability of the product naturally. In addition, consumer perception and buying interest in this product is quite high, supported by effective marketing strategies and the use of local natural ingredients. Moral Decadence due to the lack of understanding of National and State Awareness. One form that can be.

Mild anemia in pregnant women remains a common health problem at the primary healthcare level and may negatively affect both maternal health and fetal development. One non-pharmacological approach to managing anemia is the utilization of local food sources rich in iron, such as spinach. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of spinach extract in increasing hemoglobin levels among pregnant women with mild anemia at Poskesdes Wiritasi. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest–posttest approach without a control group. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women diagnosed with mild anemia who were selected through purposive sampling. The intervention involved the regular administration of spinach extract for 14 consecutive days. Hemoglobin levels were measured before and after the intervention using a standard hemoglobin testing device. Data were analyzed to assess differences in hemoglobin levels before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant increase in hemoglobin levels following the administration of spinach extract. These findings indicate that spinach extract has a positive effect on improving hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with mild anemia. Therefore, spinach extract may serve as an effective, safe, and easily applicable local food–based nutritional intervention for the prevention and management of mild anemia among pregnant women at the village healthcare level.

The "Balanced Nutrition from the Archipelago’s Kitchen" initiative is an educational and practical effort aimed at increasing community awareness of the importance of consuming balanced nutritious foods through a local culinary approach. This program was conducted in RT.01, Selumit Urban Village, focusing on nutrition education and the distribution of Bubur Manado (Manado porridge) as an example of a healthy traditional dish. The methods included nutrition counseling, cooking demonstrations, and food distribution to residents. The results showed improved community understanding of balanced nutrition concepts and greater appreciation for traditional Indonesian cuisine as a source of nutritious food. This activity also fostered a sense of solidarity and cooperation among community members. It is hoped that similar programs can serve as a sustainable model for culturally based nutrition education in other communities.

The "Sweet and Sour Shrimp Rice Bites" innovation program is an empowerment effort aimed at housewives in RT 5, Kampung 6 Sub-district, through the development of a healthy, locally-based food product. This innovation seeks to create a nutritious and practical food alternative that appeals to various groups, while also serving as an additional source of household income. The product combines carbohydrates from rice, protein from shrimp, and a signature sweet and sour flavor, packaged in small, hygienic, and easy-to-consume portions. Training activities in production, packaging, and marketing were conducted participatively with the housewives, using a creative economy approach and local wisdom. The program results show increased skills, confidence, and economic contribution from participants. This innovation has proven to be both a healthy food solution and a support for household economic independence in the community

Anemia in the elderly often occured chronically. Attention to anemia in the elderly is very lacking compared to women of childbearing age. The condition of the elderly is usually degenerative and food intake decreases, causing the condition of their body protein to decrease. Albumin protein in the elderly is still very much needed to affect the brain, bone and muscle mass, immune system, metabolism, and health of hair, skin, and nails. The purpose of utilizing local wisdom materials in the form of a combination of moringa leaf powder and snakehead fish has social and economic impacts. The elderly who have received this nutrition will improve their health. The activity method is the lecture method, discussion and coercion, and is applied directly by giving drinks to the elderly. Results of community service activities. The elderly experienced an increase in Hemoglobin after being given a combination of moringa leaf powder and snakehead fish by an average of 2 gr% and blood protein of 1.1 g dl before and after being given a combination of moringa leaf powder and snakehead fish.

Village economic empowerment through the One Village One Product (OVOP) concept can improve community welfare. Tegal Village, Bogor Regency, has the potential of Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera), which are rich in nutrients and can be used as healthy food to help prevent stunting. This study aims to develop Moringa leaf-based cookies as an innovative OVOP product to improve the village economy and address stunting. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR), involving PKK women in cookie-making training, and an experimental approach to find the best formulation. The results show that Moringa leaf cookies have high nutritional value, a crunchy texture, a pleasant taste, and good market potential. This activity also enhances women's skills in processing local ingredients into high-value products. With this innovation, the community gains both nutritional benefits and new business opportunities through MSME development. This product is expected to become a sustainable village flagship and support efforts to reduce stunting rates. The results demonstrate local resource-based innovation as an effective solution for improving community welfare and health.

MoriGe is a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) located in Oebufu Village, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara, which was established in 2020. This MSME has a main focus on the production of processed food and beverages made from Moringa and Sorghum, two local food commodities that are known to have high nutritional value and extraordinary health benefits and are still rarely found in the market but these plants thrive in the land of NTT. Through an Innovation-based approach, MoriGe continues to be committed to processing Moringa and Sorghum into Quality products that are not only delicious but also provide health benefits. MoriGe products made from Moringa and Sorghum are designed to meet the needs of the modern market for healthy food with local flavors. This commitment is in line with MoriGe’s goal to increase the competitiveness of local products in the global market while supporting the economic development of surrounding communities, especially local farmers, and also participating in programs to reduce stunting in NTT, so that MoriGe has more value as a brand in the eyes of a wide audience.

The Kebun Soka Sari Women Farmers Group in Sukaraja Village is a group that empowers women in agriculture to support food security and the family economy. Its members are housewives around Griya Asoka who manage small farms in their yards. They develop pakcoy cultivation with a hydroponic system. The women farmer group not only provides healthy food, but also adapts to modern agricultural technology. They are active on social media and sell hydroponic pakcoy vegetables to supplement their income. The purpose of this journal is to determine the adoption of digital technology and introduce a website for marketing agricultural products. The research method used is quantitative method by distributing questionnaires. The questionnaire aims to determine the level of knowledge of farm women's groups and the use of digital in product marketing. The use of digital in product marketing in the Women Farmers Group has no difficulty in adopting digital technology. They have used digital applications to share activities and promote products. Their customers come from local residents and outside the village. They are also enthusiastic about the introduction of websites in product marketing.

Iodine deficiency remains a major health issue, especially in highland regions like Cisukadana Village, leading to an increased risk of goiter that affects metabolism and growth. This study explores an alternative method to improve iodine intake through the use of factory ash waste in salted egg processing. Factory ash waste is known to contain microelements such as iodine, calcium, and magnesium, which can enhance the nutritional value of salted eggs. The research consisted of three stages: community counseling on iodine importance, practical training on making salted eggs using a salt and ash mixture, and product distribution for evaluation. Eggs were soaked in a brine solution mixed with ash waste for 8–10 days to ensure iodine absorption. The results showed that this method increased iodine content in the eggs, extended shelf life, and improved texture and taste. The program positively impacted the community in health (goiter prevention), social (community involvement and student participation), and economic (potential new business using local resources) aspects. This innovation demonstrates a sustainable approach to enhancing iodine intake while reducing industrial waste impact.

Stunting remains a significant nutritional issue in Indonesia, primarily caused by inadequate dietary intake. Nutritional deficiencies in toddlers often result from insufficient breastfeeding and a lack of proper nutrition from complementary foods. This study aims to evaluate the impact of supplementary feeding (PMT) made from snakehead fish on the nutritional status of stunted toddlers aged 24–47 months. The research employed a total sampling method, involving 15 toddlers within the specified age range. Prior to the intervention, the respondents had an average body weight of 10.77 kg, categorized as severely underweight. Following the administration of snakehead fish-based PMT, their average weight increased to 12.33 kg, falling into the underweight category. Statistical analysis revealed a p-value of 0.000, indicating a significant effect of the snakehead fish-based PMT in improving the nutritional status of stunted toddlers. These findings highlight the potential of local food sources, such as snakehead fish, to enhance maternal and child health efforts—particularly in addressing malnutrition through optimized use of locally sourced PMT in various preparations.