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This research aims to monitor the performance of a 2x100Wp Solar Power Plant (PLTS) using the parameters of current, power, and solar intensity. The monitoring system is designed to record and analyze the electrical output of the solar panel in real-time. The experimental method is used by collecting data directly through current and voltage sensors, as well as light sensors connected to a microcontroller. Data was collected to see the relationship between solar intensity and electrical power generated. The test results show that the intensity of the sun greatly affects the amount of current and power generated by the solar panel. This monitoring system can be a tool for learning and analyzing the performance of small-scale solar power systems in a laboratory environment.

In the digital era that increasingly emphasizes human-computer interaction, the existence of an interface system that is not only functional but also able to understand the emotional state of the user is becoming increasingly important. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of empathetic interfaces in chatbot systems designed to respond adaptively to user moods. Empathetic chatbots are defined as artificial intelligence-based conversational agents that are able to recognize and adjust their verbal responses to user emotional expressions through linguistic analysis and non-verbal data such as response time and word choice. This study uses an experimental approach involving 60 participants from among students who interact with two types of chatbots: standard chatbots (non-empathetic) and empathetic chatbots. The analysis methods used include measuring the level of user satisfaction, empathy perception, and emotional comfort through a Likert scale questionnaire and quantitative data processing using a paired T-test.

Masalah sampah organik di Indonesia terus meningkat seiring pertumbuhan penduduk. Sampah organik mendominasi komposisi sampah di Indonesia sebesar 62%. Biokonversi menggunakan larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF) atau maggot menjadi salah satu solusi pengelolaan sampah organik berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efektivitas biokonversi antara sampah pasar dan rumah makan sebagai pakan maggot. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan enam wadah biokonversi, terdiri dari tiga perlakuan (sampah pasar, rumah makan, dan campuran) dan tiga kontrol, selama 14 hari. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa maggot yang mengkonsumsi sampah rumah makan menghasilkan kadar protein (44,6%) dan lemak (41,85%) tertinggi, serta durasi biokonversi tercepat (12 hari). Sebaliknya, sampah pasar memiliki kadar air tinggi sehingga memperlambat proses biokonversi (14 hari). Semua kasgot memenuhi baku mutu SNI kecuali kadar air pada kasgot sampah pasar. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis sampah organik mempengaruhi efektivitas biokonversi, dengan sampah rumah makan menunjukkan hasil paling optimal sebagai pakan alternatif maggot.

Anemia merupakan kondisi medis yang ditandai dengan jumlah atau fungsi sel darah merah tidak mencukupi untuk memenuhi kebutuhan oksigen di seluruh tubuh. Aktivitas begadang atau kurang tidur dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan secara keseluruhan, termasuk meningkatkan risiko anemia. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman remaja tentang anemia yaitu dengan dilakukan edukasi melalui media poster. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas pemberian media poster tentang penyakit Anemia terhadap perilaku remaja adiksi game online di SMA Negeri 6 Gorontalo. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif pendekatan quasi-eksperiment design dengan menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh siswa yang gemar bermain game berjumlah 86 siswa dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 30 siswa menggunakan simple random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dan bivariat dengan statistik uji Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji Wilcoxon signed ranks test didapatkan pengetahuan nilai p value = 0,000 < 0,05, durasi bermain nilai p value = 0,000 < 0,05 dan pola tidur nilai p value = 0,000 < 0,05. Menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah diberikan media poster. Artinya media poster efektif terhadap perilaku pada remaja adiksi game online di SMA Negeri 6 Gorontalo. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan informasi untuk mengetahui tentang risiko anemia terhadap adiksi game online guna diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari mulai dari pola aktivitas yang baik dan tidak baik serta dapat terus saling memberikan edukasi risiko anemia pada teman-teman sekitar.

This study aims to determine how effective the fermentation process is carried out by the microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a soluble sugar medium, and how the sugar concentration affects the volume of carbon dioxide gas produced. The fermentation process was observed using a balloon as a simple indicator to measure the gas produced. The study was conducted with an experimental approach at MI Jamiyatul Mubtadiin, using three variations of sugar concentration: 10%, 15%, and 20%. The results showed that the higher the sugar concentration, the more carbon dioxide gas was formed. This shows that S. cerevisiae is able to utilize sugar efficiently to produce gas in the fermentation process. In addition to providing scientific understanding, this study is also associated with legal, religious, and philosophical values, thus providing a broader perspective on the application of fermentation in everyday life and education.

This study aims to determine the influence of the Project-Based Learning learning model on student learning outcomes in Animal and Plant Cell material. The background of this research is based on the low achievement of student learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Bolaang, which is caused by conventional learning methods that are still dominant and the lack of active involvement of students in the learning process. This study uses a quasi-experimental approach with a nonequivalent control group design. Two VIII classes were selected as samples, namely the experimental class treated with project-based learning and the control class taught conventionally. The instruments used were pretest and posttest essay tests. The analysis results showed a significant increase in the average learning outcomes in the experimental group (81.72) compared to the control group (76.72). The Mann-Whitney statistical test showed a significance value of 0.043, meaning that the two groups had a significant difference in learning outcomes. These findings show that Project-Based Learning encourages students' active engagement, creativity, and deep understanding of biological concepts. This research strengthens the evidence that project-based learning is an effective strategy for improving student learning outcomes and is relevant to the middle level science curriculum. Implicitly, teachers are encouraged to integrate this model in contextual and collaborative science learning.

This study aims to reveal the creative process behind the creation of the Bayu Akasa instrument, an organological innovation based on bamboo by contemporary artist Mugiyono Kasido. Through a qualitative approach using case study methods, this study examines two crucial stages in the creation of the work, namely the material exploration phase and the experimentation with physical techniques. Data was collected through in-depth observation of the subject's performance, documentation of the rehearsal process, and interviews regarding the philosophical and technical aspects of sound production. The results of the study show that: (1) The material exploration stage produced a 2-meter-long aerophone instrument made of petung bamboo with a diameter of 5.9–7.9 inches, designed with an integral three-part system; (2) The experimentation with playing techniques focused on mastering circular breathing or ngunjal, which enables the production of continuous meditative drone sounds without pause; (3) This innovation represents a blurring of the boundaries between choreographic and musical aspects, in which the instrument is no longer treated as a static object but as a somatic extension of the artist's body. These findings confirm that Bayu Akasa is not just an ordinary wind instrument, but a representation of space (Akasa) and breath (Bayu) manifested in a radical performative unity. This research contributes to the development of contemporary organology based on local materials in Indonesia.

Pressure vessels are critical components in the energy industry, used to store and process high-pressure fluids. The structural reliability of these vessels plays a pivotal role in ensuring operational safety and system efficiency. This study aims to analyze the design and reliability of pressure vessels using both numerical and experimental approaches to optimize performance and enhance safety factors. The numerical method was conducted through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) using ANSYS software to evaluate stress distribution, stress concentration, and potential failure modes under various operational load scenarios. Meanwhile, the experimental method involved hydrostatic pressure testing, strain measurements using strain gauges, and displacement analysis to validate the numerical simulation results. Data were collected from simulations and laboratory experiments, then analyzed quantitatively by comparing key parameters such as stress distribution, deformation patterns, and safety factors against industry standards. The results indicate that combining numerical and experimental approaches improves the accuracy of pressure vessel behavior predictions, enables more efficient design optimization, and enhances structural reliability. In conclusion, the methods applied in this study can serve as a reference for developing safer, more efficient pressure vessel designs that comply with industrial standards, thereby supporting improved safety and operational efficiency in the energy sector.

This study aims to examine the problem of the lack of implementation of experiment-based learning in Biology subjects at SMA Nahdlatul Ulama Padangsidimpuan. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, with data collection through interviews with Biology teachers and literature studies. The results showed that limited laboratory facilities, lack of practicum tools and materials, and limited learning time allocation were the main obstacles in the implementation of practicum. Although teachers realize the importance of experimental activities in improving students' understanding and science process skills, structural support from schools is still very limited. In response to these obstacles, several alternatives such as the utilization of virtual laboratories, the use of experimental videos, and simple experiments based on local resources have been attempted. This research recommends strengthening educational policies that support practicum-based learning through the provision of adequate infrastructure, continuous training for teachers, and development of alternative learning media. Thus, Biology learning can be more effective in fostering students' scientific skills and critical thinking according to the demands of the 21st century.

The study aims to determine the species of fish caught by bottom longline and the composition of the number of fish species. The implementation time was carried out on December 11, 2024 - January 11, 2025 at Brondong Port, Lamongan Regency. The method used in this study is the method eksperimental fishing by conducting direct observation of the catch of bottom longline fishing gear. then conducting direct observation of the number of tails and weight of the catch and conducting direct interviews with bottom longline fishermen who operate their longline fishing gear in the waters of Brondong. The results of the bottom longline catch during the research at PPN Brondong which was landed in December 2024, there were 4 types of species caught by the bottom longline fishing gear, namely the swordtail shark ( rhizoprionodon acutus), Manyung Fish (arius thalassinus), Flower Ray (Taeniura lymma) and Remang (congresox talabonoides).

This research aims to determine, the effect of applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students’ learning outcomes for Economics subjects in class XI of SMA Negeri 6 Gorontalo Utara. This quantitative research uses a Quasi-Experimental Design research (Pseudo experiment), with a sample size of 30 students. The results showed that there is an effect of applying the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model, proven to significantly improve the learning outcomes of grade XI students in economic subjects at SMA Negeri Gorontalo Utara, as shown by the Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.000, which is smaller than the significance level of 0.05. The Problem Based Learning (PBL) model allows students to be more active, critical, and independent in understanding concepts by linking theory with real problems.

تعد اللغة العربية مادة تعليمية مهمة في المدرسة الابتدائية المحمدية موجورمبون، حيث تهدف إلى تقديم فهم أساسي للغة العربية لدعم برنامج تحفيظ القرآن الذي تنفذه المدرسة. ومع ذلك، يواجه طلاب الصف الرابع صعوبات في تعلم اللغة العربية، ناتجة عن الشعور بالملل خلال عملية التعليم. يعود ذلك إلى استخدام وسائل تعليمية غير مشوقة، مما يؤدي إلى ضعف اهتمام الطلاب وصعوبة في فهم المادة، وبالتالي انخفاض قدرتهم على تذكر المحتوى المدرس وتدني مستوى تحصيلهم الدراسي. استجابة لهذه التحديات، أجريت دراسة كمية بتصميم شبه تجريبي (Pre-Eksperimental Design) باستخدام اختبار قبلي وبعدي على مجموعة واحدة. شملت الدراسة جميع طلاب الصف الرابع، وعددهم 12 طالبًا، كعينة بحثية. استخدمت الباحثة أساليب جمع البيانات مثل الملاحظة، المقابلة، الوثائق، والاختبارات. ولتحليل البيانات، استُخدم اختبار ويلكوسون (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank) غير البارامتري عبر برنامج SPSS، نظرًا لعدم توزيع البيانات بشكل طبيعي في الاختبار البعدي. أظهرت النتائج أن استخدام وسيلة "ألغاز المفردات" في تعليم اللغة العربية أدى إلى تحسن ملحوظ في نتائج تعلم الطلاب، حيث كانت قيمة الاختبار 0.002 > 0،05 يشير ذلك إلى تأثير إيجابي لاستخدام هذه الوسيلة في تحسين نتائج التعلم في المجموعة التجريبية. بناءً على هذه النتائج، توصي الباحثة باستخدام وسيلة "ألغاز المفردات" في تعليم اللغة العربية لتحقيق نتائج تعليمية مثلى، مع إمكانية تطبيقها على مستويات صفية مختلفة، وليس فقط في الصف الرابع.

This research aims to analyze the application of decorative principles in drawing the Mandailing gorga by class VII students at Nurul Ilmi Private Middle School. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques form of experimentation, observation and documentation. The research results show that students understanding of the principles decoration, such as composition, motifs, stylization and media is still relatively low. This is caused by a lack of time allocated for arts and culture lessons and a lack students understanding of the local gorga Mandailing. The work produced by students does not fully reflect the optimal application of decorative principles, both from a technical and aesthetic perspective. This research concludes that learning fine arts based on local wisdom requires a more focused approach, adequate time, and more innovative methods to increase students' understanding and creativity in creating art.

This study investigates the use of science-based experimental methods to enhance creativity in early childhood at RA Roihanul Jannah. The research involved 31 students actively engaging in science learning through experiments. A qualitative approach was adopted, focusing on Group B teachers and the principal as informants. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation from July to August 2024. The findings indicate that the experimental method effectively promotes scientific understanding, curiosity, and problem-solving skills among children. It also enhances fine and gross motor skills through hands-on activities. However, challenges include the need for specific materials and time constraints. The study concludes that incorporating experimental methods in early childhood education significantly fosters creativity and engagement in science.

This study examines the effectiveness of the experimental method in improving the learning outcomes and learning motivation of third-grade elementary school students in science subjects. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group design, involving an experimental group taught using the experimental method and a control group taught with conventional methods. Data were collected using tests, questionnaires, and observation sheets. The findings reveal that the experimental method significantly enhances both learning outcomes and motivation compared to conventional methods. Statistical analysis using t-tests showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the experimental and control groups in terms of posttest scores and motivation levels. The experimental method proved effective in promoting active student engagement, deeper conceptual understanding, and intrinsic motivation. This method is recommended as a strategy to improve science learning quality in elementary schools.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil Kemampuan Siswa Menganalisis Gaya Bahasa Cerpen “Sampan Zulaiha” Karya Hasan Al banna oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Lawe Bulan Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024. Adapun yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI yang berjumlah 38 orang dan sampel berjumlah 18 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan one group test design. Dari pengelolahan data di peroleh nilai rata-rata tes siswa sebesar 83,33 dan termasuk dalam kategori baik, dengan standar deviasinya sebesar 4,41 dan standard error sebesar 1,07. dan jika di kaitkan dengan nilai KKM mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk SMA sebesar 75 maka termasuk dalam kategori baik. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada Kemampuan Siswa Menganalisis Gaya Bahasa Cerpen “Sampan Zulaiha” Karya Hasan Al banna oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Lawe Bulan Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran Fortune Number Terhadap Kemampuan Siswa Menyusun Teks Negosiasi Oleh Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Kutacane Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023. Adapun yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X yang berjumlah 75 orang dan sampel berjumlah 18 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest and postest design dengan analisis data menggunakan uji “t”. Dari pengelolahan data di peroleh nilai rata-rata tes awal kemampuan Menyusun Teks Negosiasi oleh siswa sebesar 54,44 dan termasuk dalam kategori kurang, dengan standar deviasinya sebesar 4,50 dan mengalami peningkatan nilai hasil tes akhirnya dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 83,33 dan termasuk dalam kategori baik, dengan standard deviasinya sebesar 3,43 Berdasarkan hasil nilai tes awal dan tes akhir siswa tersebut dan jika di kaitkan dengan nilai KKM mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk SMA sebesar 75 maka kemampuan menyusun teks negosiasi siswa termasuk dalam kategori baik. Dari pengujian hipotesis diperoleh nilai t hitung = 18,30 dan di konsultasikan dengan nilai  pada taraf signifikan 5% = 2,110 dengan demikian > atau 18,30> 2,110 maka hipotesis di terima. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada efektifitas media pembelajaran fortune number terhadap kemampuan siswa menyusun teks negosiasi oleh siswa kelas X SMA Negeri 3 Kutacane Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023.

SYAHZA FADMA ARAFAH, D, NIM.19317001060.       Penerapan Model Time Token Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Ringkasan Buku Nonfiksi Dengan Judul “Tindak Kekerasan Siswa di Sekolah” Oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Lawe Bulan Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Penerapan Model Time Token Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Ringkasan Buku Nonfiksi Dengan Judul “Tindak Kekerasan Siswa di Sekolah” Oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Lawe Bulan Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023. Adapun yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI yang berjumlah 18 orang dan sampel berjumlah 18 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest and postest design dengan analisis data menggunakan uji “t”. Dari pengelolahan data di peroleh nilai rata-rata tes awal kemampuan menulis ringkasan buku nonfiksi oleh siswa sebesar 66,67 dan termasuk dalam kategori kurang, dengan standar deviasinya sebesar 3,59 dan mengalami peningkatan nilai hasil tes akhirnya dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 79,17 dan termasuk dalam kategori baik, dengan standard deviasinya sebesar 2,57. Berdasarkan hasil nilai tes awal dan tes akhir siswa tersebut dan jika di kaitkan dengan nilai KKM mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk SMA sebesar 75 maka kemampuan menulis ringkasan buku nonfiksi siswa termasuk dalam kategori baik. Dari pengujian hipotesis diperoleh nilai t hitung = 17,12 dan di konsultasikan dengan nilai  pada taraf signifikan 5% = 2,110 dengan demikian > atau 17,12> 2,110 maka hipotesis di terima. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada Penerapan Model Time Token Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Ringkasan Buku Nonfiksi Dengan Judul “Tindak Kekerasan Siswa di Sekolah” Oleh Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Lawe Bulan Tahun Pembelajaran 2022/2023.

ASHIFA DILO.19317001068. Penggunaan Strategi Pakem Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Teks Debat Oleh Siswa Kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Kutacane Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Penggunaan Strategi Pakem Terhadap Kemampuan Debat Oleh Siswa Kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Kutacane Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024. Adapun yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X yang berjumlah 34 orang dan sampel berjumlah 25 orang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest and postest design dengan analisis data menggunakan uji “t”. Hal ini terbukti dari nilai rata-rata tes awal oleh siswa = 62,20 dengan standar deviasinya =  2,48  dan mengalami peningkatan nilai hasil tes akhirnya dengan nilai rata-ratanya = 77,40 dengan standar deviasinya = 2,50,. Berdasarkan data hasil tes awal dan tes akhir siswa tersebut dan jika dikaitkan dengan nilai KKM mata pelajaran bahasa Indonesia untuk SMK = 75. Maka kemampuan debat untuk tes akhir siswa termasuk dalam kategori baik.Selain tu, nilai t hitung > t tabel atau 33,43>2,064 dengan demikian dari hasil pengujian hipotesis di atas diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa ada penggunaan strategi pakem terhadap kemampuan debat oleh siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Kutacane Tahun Pembelajaran 2023/2024.

This study explores the potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as a bioelectricity source through Plant-Microbial Fuel Cell (PMFC) technology. The research aimed to evaluate the ability of water hyacinth to generate stable electrical energy when integrated with electrodes in a controlled laboratory setting. The method applied was an experimental laboratory design, where water hyacinths were placed in containers filled with water, equipped with anode and cathode electrodes, and connected to a voltmeter and ammeter for continuous monitoring. Observations were carried out for 72 hours with periodic recording of voltage and current values. The findings show that water hyacinth can generate measurable electricity, with voltage ranging from 0.25 V to 0.32 V and current between 0.18 mA and 0.24 mA, indicating the potential of this plant to produce renewable energy. Moreover, the results reveal that the generated electricity was relatively stable during the observation period, though variations occurred due to environmental conditions. The implications of this research suggest that water hyacinth, often considered a weed, can be utilized not only for energy production but also as part of ecological management programs. This dual function makes PMFC technology a promising alternative for sustainable energy development, especially in rural or remote areas where access to conventional electricity remains limited.