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This study discusses citizenship rights within the framework of the rule of law in Indonesia, focusing on both theoretical and practical aspects. Citizenship is a crucial element in the legal system, as it grants individuals legal status, through which they can access civil, political, and social rights. However, despite the constitutional guarantee of citizenship rights, their implementation in Indonesia still faces various challenges, particularly regarding stateless individuals, children from mixed marriages, and limited access to citizenship documents. This research employs a normative juridical and comparative method by analyzing Indonesia's citizenship regulations and comparing them with countries such as Canada and Germany. The findings indicate that Indonesia needs to reform its citizenship policies to be more inclusive and aligned with international standards. Recommendations include addressing statelessness issues, simplifying the administrative process for obtaining citizenship, and aligning policies with international principles. Therefore, it is expected that Indonesia's citizenship policies can provide more equitable and fair protection for all its citizens.

The principle of thaharah reflects the values ​​of cleanliness and purity in the daily lives of Muslims, emphasizing the importance of protecting oneself from things that are considered unclean both physically and spiritually. This research aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the concept of Taharah and the importance of its practice in everyday life -day, as well as explaining the health benefits and changes in individual behavior that can be obtained by practicing Taharah to increase awareness.  Implementing Taharah and educating the public about the Taharah concept and its implementation. The research method used in this research is a qualitative technique with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out in the form of library research. This research was carried out by reading and reviewing bibliographic information in the form of books and scientific journals regarding the practice of Taharahh in living a clean and cultured life. The results of this research discussion provide a deeper understanding of the factors that influence the use of Taharahh in everyday life and how it can be achieved. impact on your overall quality of life. By involving individuals, families, communities and government, the implementation of Taharah brings real benefits in living a clean and civilized life and creating a healthy, clean and civilized society.

The process of directly appointing supervisors for non-state civil servant government employees (PPNPN) at the Medan Customs and Excise Laboratory (BLBC) creates obstacles, due to the absence of a comprehensive assessment such as the social and managerial competence of prospective mentors. This research aims to increase the accuracy of selecting PPNPN supervisors using the profile matching method. This method compares individual competency with position competency to find the gap value between the two. There are 10 alternative names that will be analyzed in this research. The results of this research are a ranking of the names. The alternative that gets the highest ranking is the one who has the right to become the PPNPN supervisor. From the results of the profile matching method calculations that have been carried out, it is found that the employee candidate who has the right to become the selected PPNPN supervisor is Eka Soraya Siregar with a score of 4.18.

Raja Ali Haji wrote Gurindam 12 with the aim of providing life guidance to the Malay community in order to lead a good life, have noble character, and obey God. Gurindam 12, including Chapter 7, not only contains universal moral values, but also messages that were relevant to the Malay society at that time and prioritized status and honor in social life. Through the work, Raja Ali Haji tries to convey the importance of learning, science and wisdom in building a better civilization and urges people to always maintain good morals and avoid bad deeds. The purpose of this research is to reveal the intrinsic elements of gurindam so that it can be read, and is useful for the community. Theoretically, the benefit of this research is to provide input for learning Old Malay Literature to provide teaching materials regarding the elements of literary works, especially in the old poetry genre

The government is required to always be able to prosper the community it leads, but most people still lack participation in every government program or policy issued. As mentioned in Law Number 24 of 2013 concerning Population Administration, population documents are official documents issued by Implementing Agencies that have legal force as authentic evidence resulting from population registration and civil registration services. This study uses an empirical juridical method seen from norms or das sollen and an empirical approach, namely law as a social and cultural reality by taking primary data from the field in analyzing existing problems. Based on the results of research and discussion, it was found that the government in this case is still making efforts to pick up the ball in collaboration with traditional leaders and religious offices to socialize the importance of taking care of marriage certificates and collect data on couples who hold marriages in Kupang Regency and are required to issue marriage certificates after receiving marriage reports from the authorities    

Every year on august 17th is commemorated as Indonesia’s independence day. Representatives of young people from all corners of the country gather at Istana Merdeka to hoist the Bendera Merah Putih. However, in the year 2016, an unpleasant incident occurred for the world of Pakibraka.  Indeed, a national Paskibraka member named Gloria Natapradja Hamel had to be dismissed shortly before the flag-raising, as she held dual citizenship. Peraturan Menpora nomor 0065 tahun 2015 and Undang-Undang nomor 12 tahun 2006 directly impact every child who born with dual citizenship, causing limitations in their participation in national-scale activities, in this case, the National Paskibraka. This research is expected to contribute to the development of international civil law, especially regrading the rights of children restricted by it.  

The State Civil Apparatus or commonly referred to as ASN has been in the spotlight lately, where the changes in the new laws and regulations greatly affect the two (2) management of ASN, which includes Civil Servants (PNS) and Employees Government with Work Agreement (PPPK). This study aims to find, examine and discuss in more detail related to the Amendment of Law Number 20 of 2023 concerning Civil Servants, more specifically related to the Rights of Civil Servants and PPPK which have been regulated in this Law. The research method used is the cutative descriptive method. This type of research is normative legal research, the source of data obtained by researchers is sourced from legal materials, journals, and literature that supports this research. The legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, while the literature includes contemporary and classical books. Data obtained by researchers through legal materials, then read, examined, analyzed, and explained quantitatively using scientific logic. The results showed that the granting of rights to Civil Servants and Government Employees with Work Agreements, was in accordance with their respective positions in the field of employment. However, the rights of the two management are dynamic and uncertain, because they are very dependent on changes in the laws and regulations ratified, so that there is a need for permanent regulations related to the rights of the two management, in order to fulfill the rights of each employee, which is in accordance with the Laws and Regulations.

Performance is the employee's ability to complete work during the activity period according to the standards determined by the organization. Employee performance will be effective and efficient if interactions with co-workers and superiors are open, that is, giving freedom to express thoughts and ideas as a form of feeling supported by superiors who are always able to encourage and pay attention to seeing work challenges into opportunities. This research aims to determine the influence of emotional intelligence, communication patterns and transformational leadership on the performance of Bima Housing and Settlement service employees. The population in this study were 63 employees at the Bima Housing and Settlement Department, especially the Bima City Housing, Settlement and Land Department, with a sampling technique using purposive sampling, namely 38 civil servant employees as respondents.Data collection techniques using questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS version 27. The results of this study partially show that the emotional intelligence variable has a negative and insignificant effect on employee performance, the communication pattern variable has an insignificant effect on employee performance, and the transformational leadership variable has a positive and significant effect on performance. employee. Simultaneously, the variables emotional intelligence, communication patterns and transformational leadership have a positive and significant effect on employee performance Emotional Inteligence, Communication Patterns, Transformasi Leadership, Performance

The placement of Civil Servants (ASN) in the Mentawai Islands Regency, West Sumatra Province, faces significant challenges, such as difficult transportation access, limited communication networks, and budget constraints for improving ASN competency. This study aims to analyze these challenges and their impact on public services in remote areas. The research method used is a literature review, gathering data from various related sources. The findings show that ASN in the Mentawai Islands often face long and costly journeys to attend training due to limited sea transportation. Inadequate communication networks hinder the ASN's duties and efforts to improve education quality. Budget limitations for training and competency development also pose challenges, negatively affecting discipline and the quality of public services. The remoteness of the area and its vulnerability to disasters are additional concerns for ASN, and the lack of infrastructure hampers their activities. Therefore, better management strategies for ASN in remote areas are needed to enhance the effectiveness of public services and support the development of policies that are more responsive to the needs of the local community.    

The neutrality of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) is an important foundation in carrying out government duties in Indonesia, especially during the Regional Head Election (Pilkada) process. ASN is expected to carry out their roles neutrally, impartially and adhere to the principles of justice, in accordance with the provisions in Law Number 5 of 2014 concerning ASN. This research aims to evaluate the role of the State Civil Apparatus Commission (KASN) and the Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) in maintaining ASN neutrality in the 2024 Regional Head Election in Padang City. Using a qualitative approach, this research analyzes data taken from various legal documents, official reports, and information related to violations of ASN neutrality in previous elections. The results revealed that violations of ASN neutrality are still quite high and have the potential to increase in the 2024 Pilkada. KASN and Bawaslu have made a number of efforts, such as conducting socialization and conducting strict supervision, to prevent these violations. This study concludes that ASN neutrality plays an important role in realizing the principles of good governance and in ensuring the implementation of fair and democratic elections, free from conflicts of interest    

This study aims to analyze the comparative law on inheritance in the Islamic legal system, civil law, and its impact on Indonesian implementations. The research method used is normative juridical with a statute approach and a conceptual approach, which focuses on analyzing applicable legal documents and norms. This study discusses the characteristics of each legal system, including differences in the distribution of inheritance, the obligations of heirs to the debts of the testator, and the inheritance mechanism regulated in the Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and Islamic inheritance law. Furthermore, this study explores the impact of implementing the two legal systems in Indonesia, considering the diversity of Indonesian society that influences the implementation of inheritance law. The results are expected to provide deeper insight into how the two legal systems interact and influence inheritance practices in Indonesia.

This research analyzes a violation of airspace sovereignty by unmanned free balloons for espionage purposes. Each country has full and exclusive sovereignty over its entire territory which includes the surface of the earth and the contents of the earth beneath the surface, including air space. A country that violates sovereignty over airspace without permission entails responsibility for the passing country towards the lower country. The research method used is normative juridical using problem approaches such as the statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The research findings show that unmanned free balloons are the same as the classification of aircraft regulated in Annex 2 of the 1944 Chicago Convention regarding unmanned free balloons which are defined as unpowered, unmanned, and lighter than air aircraft in air flight. The use of unmanned free balloons for espionage purposes in peacetime has no legal regulations, so that they have implications for violations of state sovereignty which give rise to state responsibility. ICAO or International Civil Aviation Organization needs to reconstruct the legal ground towards unmanned free balloons usage outside the function of meteorological purposes in order to avoid the false accused and declare specified sanctions towards the violators.

Recruitment of State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in Indonesia has undergone significant transformation in recent years. The process that was previously dominated by manual mechanisms has now shifted to a digital-based system through the SSCASN platform. This article analyzes the implementation of ASN recruitment in 2024 with an emphasis on transparency, efficiency, and the challenges faced. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach, this article provides insight into how ASN recruitment can continue to be improved to meet the needs of public services in Indonesia.    

Elections (Pemilu) represent a pivotal moment in democracy, where citizens exercise their right to vote and determine the nation's leadership and direction. Since the reform era, Indonesia has consistently held free and fair elections with increased civil participation. However, issues remain concerning the participation of people with disabilities, a group that often faces exclusion in political decision-making. Despite legal frameworks like Law No. 8 of 2016 ensuring the political rights of persons with disabilities, implementation in practice remains inadequate. This literature study examines the challenges faced by disabled voters, focusing on the lack of accessibility at polling stations and their underrepresentation in the voter registry. It highlights the urgency of political participation for persons with disabilities as a means to foster inclusive democracy and social change in Indonesia. Affirmative actions, such as the establishment of quotas and policies, are discussed as essential steps toward ensuring equal political rights for disabled individuals. Additionally, the role of technology in optimizing participation through programs like DIGI-EDVOT is explored. However, challenges remain due to unequal access and technological literacy among people with disabilities.

This study examines the comparative regulation of the Business Judgment Rule (BJR) between countries adopting Civil and Common Law systems. BJR is a principle that grants corporate decision-makers the discretion to make business decisions without fear of legal liability, provided that the decisions are made in good faith, are reasonable, and free from conflicts of interest. This research aims to identify the similarities and differences in the regulation of BJR between civil law and common law countries and analyze the factors contributing to these differences. This research employs a normative juridical method with a legislative and comparative law approach. These approaches are utilized to analyze relevant national and international legislation and compare the application of BJR in Indonesia with that of other countries, such as the United States and European nations. The findings are expected to provide insights into the philosophical and practical differences in the regulation and implementation of BJR across these two legal systems.

The State Civil Apparatus or commonly referred to as ASN has been in the spotlight lately, where the changes in the new laws and regulations greatly affect the two (2) management of ASN, which includes Civil Servants (PNS) and Employees Government with Work Agreement (PPPK). This study aims to find, examine and discuss in more detail related to the Amendment of Law Number 20 of 2023 concerning Civil Servants, more specifically related to the Rights of Civil Servants and PPPK which have been regulated in this Law. The research method used is the cutative descriptive method. This type of research is normative legal research, the source of data obtained by researchers is sourced from legal materials, journals, and literature that supports this research. The legal materials used are primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials, while the literature includes contemporary and classical books. Data obtained by researchers through legal materials, then read, examined, analyzed, and explained quantitatively using scientific logic.         The results showed that the granting of rights to Civil Servants and Government Employees with Work Agreements, was in accordance with their respective positions in the field of employment. However, the rights of the two management are dynamic and uncertain, because they are very dependent on changes in the laws and regulations ratified, so that there is a need for permanent regulations related to the rights of the two management, in order to fulfill the rights of each employee, which is in accordance with the Laws and Regulations.      

Philosophy of science has a very important role in providing a conceptual basis for the advancement of science, especially through the study of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. This study aims to explore the contribution of science to the development of scientific research. By using a descriptive analysis method based on literature review, this study reveals that philosophy of science not only plays a role as a theoretical foundation, but also as a critical control tool for the application of science in social life. The results of the study suggest the importance of interdisciplinary integration and the development of science in the development of scientific research. Philosophy of science, with its comprehensive approach, is able to direct the development of science so that it remains relevant, ethical, and makes a positive contribution to civilization.

This research aims to analyze the protection of human rights at a minimum in the implementation of emergency constitution The research used is a critical analysis with a qualitative approach that involves the analysis of legal documents and related literature. This research reveals the formation of emergency constitutional regulations that still pay attention to human rights, which must be carried out at a minimum. The type of research used in researching the problems in this study is normative juridical. This research is a normative juridical research because the researcher will analyze the laws and regulations related to the implementation of the emergency constitution from the perspective of human rights. Library materials and secondary data can be called normative legal research or library research by collecting legal materials both primary, secondary and/or tertiary. The government has a strategic role in determining the emergency conditions of a country. Traffic conditions caused by military, civilian attacks and disease outbreaks that cause the state to be unable to implement constitutional law normally, if not immediately will threaten the safety of the community and the country.  Therefore, it is necessary to have written regulations or laws that provide a framework of procedures, formalities and frameworks to manage emergencies. The results of the research are expected to provide a comprehensive overview of the central government's implementation guidelines in carrying out emergency state administration.

The aim of this research is to determine the dominant indicators of the variables Employee Job Satisfaction, Organizational Justice and Organizational Commitment in the Population and Civil Registration Service of Padang City and to determine the partial influence of Organizational Justice and Organizational Commitment on employee job satisfaction in the Population and Civil Registration Service Padang city. This type of research is quantitative, the sampling technique used is a total sampling technique which is taken based on the entire population, because the population is less than 100 people. The research sample consisted of 46 people. The types of data used in this research are primary data and secondary data. The technique for analyzing the data uses validity and reliability tests using the SPSS version 21.00 program. The hypothesis was tested using the T test. The results of this research show (1) Organizational Justice has a significant effect on employee job satisfaction at the Padang City Population and Civil Registration Service (2) Organizational Commitment has a significant effect on employee job satisfaction at the Padang City Population and Civil Registration Service. This research aims to determine the dominant indicators of employee job satisfaction variables.

Pancasila and Citizenship Education (PPKn) has a strategic role in building democratic character among the younger generation as an important capital in the life of society, nation and state. This research aims to analyze how the implementation of PPKn education in schools can be an effective means of internalizing democratic values, such as tolerance, justice, respect for human rights, and deliberation. Civics learning requires good preparation, especially through preparing material that not only provides knowledge but is also able to bring about changes in the character of students. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method, which includes critical analysis of various sources, such as national and international journal articles, books, e-books, dissertations, theses, as well as print and online media which can provide a comprehensive picture of the role of PPKn in form students' democratic character. The research results show that PPKn education based on Pancasila values ​​has proven to be effective in developing individuals who have strong character and are able to face the challenges of the era of globalization. By combining the values ​​of Pancasila and democratic principles, this education plays a role in forming a highly civilized, competitive and globally superior nation.