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The Charismatic Movement is a spiritual phenomenon that has a significant impact on the lives of Christians, both theologically and socially. This article aims to explore the transformation of spirituality and the theological implications brought about by this movement, as well as its impact on society and culture. The Charismatic Movement emphasizes the active role of the Holy Spirit in the lives of Christians, introducing personal experiences with God through spiritual gifts such as healing, prophecy, and speaking in tongues. The theological implications of this movement include a new understanding of the Bible, the coming of Christ, and the mission of the church in the world. Socially and culturally, the Charismatic movement changed the structure of the church, increased congregational participation in social activities, and introduced changes in views on gender roles and religious education. The social impact of the Charismatic movement can be seen in the spread of more inclusive and dynamic spiritual values, which have an influence on church music and arts culture. The Charismatic Movement strengthens the belief that God is still actively working in the lives of His people through miracles and divine healing. This article shows that the Charismatic movement not only brought about changes in the way Christians live their faith, but also contributed to broader social changes in society, creating Christian communities that were more open, participatory, and relevant to the challenges of the times.

The church tradition in Germany not only includes liturgical and theological aspects, but also serves as an important foundation for the cultural and moral identity of German society. The differences of views and clashes between church denominations and political forces have opened up space for a deeper understanding of the meaning of tolerance, reconciliation, and fidelity to the values of faith. On the other hand, the renewal of the German church reflects an effort to remain relevant in the face of the challenges of the times, such as secularism, religious pluralism, and moral crises, including through theological and liturgical reforms. This article aims to explore how the history of the church in Germany, with all its traditions, conflicts, and renewals, can be an inspiration for Christians today. The research was carried out using qualitative methods and historical approaches, using literature studies that include analysis of primary sources such as historical records, and writings of church figures, as well as secondary sources in the form of books, journals, and scientific articles. By understanding this historical journey, believers can learn about the importance of maintaining faith in the midst of changing times, strengthening unity in diversity, and reviving the spirit of spiritual renewal that is relevant to strengthen faith in today's life.

This study aims to explore an effective educational supervision approach in the context of education in Indonesia, taking into account the influence of religious and cultural values. The background of this study is based on the importance of the role of supervisors in supporting teachers to achieve the educational goals that have been set. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, where data is collected through observation and interviews with educators as key informants. The findings of the study indicate that a collaborative and non-directive supervision approach is more effective in improving the quality of teaching, compared to a directive approach. In addition, social interaction between supervisors and teachers has been shown to be important in building better understanding and practice. The implications of this study emphasize the need for training for supervisors to develop skills in providing constructive feedback and creating a supportive working atmosphere. Thus, this study contributes to the development of better educational supervision practices, which can improve the quality of education in schools.

This study aims to determine the meaning of the song masak kopi popularized by Oesman in the Malay community in Bengkalis, Riau Province. The theory used in this study is the theory (Barthes, 1968) by describing the meaning of denotation as the first level meaning and connotation as the second level meaning. Also supported by the theory of sociology by Schmitt. It is an action of a person or group of people when interacting with something outside themselves and understanding information about their environment which is obtained through sight, hearing, appreciation, feelings, and experience and interpretation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques using data reduction, data presentation. Subjects in this study amounted to 4 people. The results of the research on the meaning of the masak kopi song in the Malay community in Bengkalis can be interpreted from 2 sides, namely from the music and from the lyrics. The Bengkalis Malay community interprets the music of the masak kopi song to reflect the characteristics of traditional Malay music which is very full of aesthetic and cultural values of the Malay community in Bengkalis, from the rhythm, melody and instruments used that strongly reflect the Malay identity of Bengkalis. The meaning of the lyrics can be concluded that the lyrics in the song masak kopi are related to the failure and fragility of love and hope caused by the influence of the establishment.

Christian Religious Education (CRE) in Indonesia plays a crucial role in shaping the character and morality of students. Considering the cultural and religious diversity in Indonesia, Christian religious education needs to be delivered with a multicultural perspective that emphasizes values of tolerance and respect for differences. This article aims to explore the implementation of Christian religious education in schools within the context of multiculturalism, and how this can help strengthen attitudes of tolerance and interfaith harmony. This study also discusses the challenges in implementing multicultural-based Christian religious education and how practical solutions can be applied.

Culture is a product of human knowledge as social beings, that knowledge is not obtained through genetic inheritance in the human body, but is obtained through the position of humans as social beings which is an experience through a learning process.It is in this context that the research was conducted to see how indigenous peoples as a minority group internalize their cultural values ​​into cohesive values ​​and reflect their strong character. The indigenous peoples in Pulo Village, Cangkuang Village, Leles District, Garut Regency, West Java Province, are a group of indigenous people who continue to internalize and preserve traditional values ​​into the character of their community members. This type of research uses a qualitative approach with an ethnographic type, namely research conducted in certain indigenous communities. The objectives to be achieved in this research are to briefly describe the internalization of cultural values ​​of the traditional village communities that can be promoted as the basis for forming the character of the Indonesian nation and internalizing organizational values. Based on the analysis of various facts related to Pulo village, it can be concluded that cultural values ​​can use the values ​​of local wisdom that develop in the community in a comprehensive manner capable of providing data in shaping legal culture and forming strong characters in upholding culture. This helps the community in developing such culture-based laws.

Thei Tor-tori dancei isi onei ofi thei culturali legaciesi ofi thei Bataki Tobai peoplei thati carriesi deepi meaning,i especiallyi ini traditionali ceremoniesi likei weddings.i Thisi dancei isi noti justi entertainmenti buti alsoi ai meansi toi conveyi prayersi andi hopes,i bothi fori thei bridei andi groomi asi welli asi fori thei familiesi andi communitiesi present.i Everyi movementi ini thei Tor-tori dancei containsi symbolism,i suchi asi respecti fori elders,i hopesi fori happiness,i unity,i andi blessings.i Throughi thisi dance,i thei Bataki Tobai peoplei alsoi maintaini ai spirituali connectioni withi theiri ancestorsi andi strengtheni theiri culturali identityi ini thei facei ofi globalization.i Thisi studyi examinesi thei Tor-tori dancei throughi thei lensi ofi thei theologyi ofi hope,i whichi revealsi thei profoundi meaningi ofi hope,i protection,i andi blessingsi conveyedi throughi eachi movement.i Thei dancei alsoi reflectsi spirituali communicationi thati connectsi humansi withi Godi andi thei universe.i Asi parti ofi ai traditioni stilli relevanti ini thei moderni era,i Tor-tori noti onlyi preservesi culturali valuesi buti alsoi becomesi ai symboli ofi pridei fori thei Bataki Tobai community.i Byi maintainingi thisi tradition,i theyi introducei Indonesia'si richi culturei toi thei worldi whilei alsoi strengtheningi sociali tiesi withini theiri community.

The role of education in shaping character has been a subject of discourse throughout history, with its significance amplified in the face of contemporary challenges. This study examines the relevance of Ibn Khaldun's educational philosophy in the context of modern character formation. The reseaarch aims to analyze Ibn Khaldun's perspective on education and its potential application in contemporary character-building efforts. A qualitative approach is employed, focusing on a comprehensive review of secondary sources and scholarly interpretations of Ibn Khaldun's educational theories. The study synthesizes various perspectives on Ibn Khaldun's educational philosophy and examines their applicability to current educational practices and challenges. This approach allows for a broader understanding of Ibn Khaldun's ideas within the context of modern educational needs. The study reveals that Ibn Khaldun's educational theory emphasizes the integration of religious, moral, and practical knowledge in character development. His holistic approach to education, which includes the cultivation of critical thinking, social skills, and ethical values, aligns closely with current educational needs. The findings suggest that Ibn Khaldun's educational principles can significantly contribute to addressing modern character-building challenges, particularly in fostering resilience, cultural understanding, and ethical decision-making among students. This research provides valuable insights for educators and policymakers in developing comprehensive character education programs that balance traditional wisdom with contemporary demands. Moreover, it highlights the importance of revisiting historical educational philosophies to inform and enrich modern a pedagogical practices, especially in the realm of character education.

Cultural Islam and structural Islam are two approaches that reflect the dynamics of Islam in society. Cultural Islam Refers to religious expressions that are integrated with local culture, such as traditions, arts and customs. This approach emphasizes harmony between Islamic values ​​and cultural identity, making it more flexible in responding to social change. Meanwhile, structural Islam is more oriented towards systems and institutions, such as politics, economics and law. This approach aims to build a social order that is in accordance with Islamic principles through formal policies and regulations. This research aims to analyze the interaction and contribution of these two approaches in building a balanced life for Muslims between spiritual values ​​and social needs. This study uses a qualitative method with a text analysis approach and in-depth interviews with the main actors in each approach. The research results show that cultural Islam and structural Islam do not conflict with each other, but rather complement each other. Cultural Islam strengthens the spiritual and emotional aspects of society, while structural Islam provides a normative and regulative basis for society's life. In conclusion, integration between cultural Islam and structural Islam can be a solution to face the challenges of modernity without abandoning Islamic values. The synergy between the two is able to create harmony between local traditions and global demands, making Islam an inclusive and relevant religion in various contexts of life.

This study discusses the symbolic meaning of Lipaq Saqbe as a social identity of the Mandar Tribe. This traditional clothing not only functions as a cultural identity but also has a deep symbolic meaning and reflects the values ​​of the Mandar people. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods and Malinowski's functionalist theory to understand the social and cultural functions of Lipaq Saqbe clothing. The results of the study indicate that the motifs and colors of Lipaq Saqbe have certain meanings related to social status and personal identity. In addition, the use of this traditional clothing in various traditional ceremonies shows its important role in preserving culture. The Mandar Tribe has adapted to the development of the times while maintaining the authenticity of its traditional motifs, making Lipaq Saqbe a symbol of their living cultural heritage. This study is expected to contribute to the understanding of socio-cultural dynamics in Indonesia, especially in West Sulawesi.

This study examines a comprehensive approach based on the Qur'an and Hadith in developing Islamic education, focusing on value integration, methods, evaluation, socio-cultural contexts, and educator competencies. Using a literature review method, it highlights the importance of Islamic values such as moral education, ethics, knowledge, and teaching based on compassion and patience in building a holistic education system. Implementation includes Islamic curricula, participatory methods, and comprehensive evaluations covering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Challenges include cognitive-dominated curricula, socio-cultural differences, and educator quality. Adaptive and collaborative approaches are recommended to address these issues, enhancing educator competencies and aligning teaching methods with modern needs. Holistic and relevant Islamic education can balance spiritual, intellectual, and social dimensions, producing virtuous, knowledgeable, and socially contributive generations. This approach ensures Islamic education remains relevant without losing its essence amidst global changes.

Indonesia, as a country with a pluralistic legal system, faces challenges in harmonizing customary law and state law, particularly in resolving disputes over customary land that involve traditional values of indigenous communities. This study aims to analyze how customary values are integrated with state law through a case study of court decision Number 94/Pdt.G/2022/PN Jap. The research employs a qualitative approach with content analysis techniques applied to court decision documents, supported by relevant literature reviews. The findings reveal that the court in this case not only applied positive legal norms but also considered relevant customary aspects, including the legitimacy of indigenous leaders and the recognition of communal land rights (ulayat). The panel of judges issued a decision that accommodated customary values in accordance with Article 18B paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution, while still adhering to the formal procedures of state law. This study identifies challenges in integrating customary law into the national legal system, such as the lack of formal regulations related to customary courts and the limited understanding of legal officers regarding local cultural contexts.

The pre-wedding procession in Mandailing tradition is a tradition that is still carried out today. Mandailing customary law regulates forms of marriage that reflect the community's kinship, cultural and religious values. Traditional weddings involve Dalihan Na Tolu—mora, kahanggi, and anak boru—as the core of the traditional procession. The wedding ceremony begins with a traditional meeting called makkobar or markkatai, where unique and formal greetings are used. Post-wedding processions such as marulahari, mangupa-upa and so on, all of this cannot be separated from the customs that are still inherent in Mandailing customs. All Mandailing traditional practices cannot be separated from the role of dalihan na tolu, especially in matters of marriage. This research uses a literature study method by analyzing traditional documents and related literature. The results show that Mandailing customs not only reflect cultural identity, but also strengthen social harmony and are able to adapt to changing times.

The pre-wedding procession in Mandailing tradition is a tradition that is still carried out today. Mandailing customary law regulates forms of marriage that reflect the community's kinship, cultural and religious values. Traditional weddings involve Dalihan Na Tolu—mora, kahanggi, and anak boru—as the core of the traditional procession. The wedding ceremony begins with a traditional meeting called makkobar or markkatai, where unique and formal greetings are used. Post-wedding processions such as marulahari, mangupa-upa and so on, all of this cannot be separated from the customs that are still inherent in Mandailing customs. All Mandailing traditional practices cannot be separated from the role of dalihan na tolu, especially in matters of marriage. This research uses a literature study method by analyzing traditional documents and related literature. The results show that Mandailing customs not only reflect cultural identity, but also strengthen social harmony and are able to adapt to changing times.

The history of the development of the education system in the Philippines, which reflects the nation's long journey through various cultural influences and colonialism. Starting from the informal education that existed in pre-colonial societies, this article outlines the significant changes that occurred with the arrival of Spanish colonialists in the 16th century, who introduced a formal education system with a focus on Catholic teachings. Furthermore, the transition to a modern education system occurred under American colonial rule in the early 20th century, where English was introduced as the language of instruction and democratic values were promoted. This article also explores the challenges facing the Philippine education system post-independence, including efforts to create inclusive and relevant education. With an in-depth analysis of these various phases of development, this article aims to provide a better understanding of the dynamics of education in the Philippines and its impact on society today.    

The development of digital technology has brought about major changes in the dynamics of Indonesian culture. One of the most prominent social media platforms is TikTok, which offers a creative space for its users to promote local arts, traditions, languages, and cultural heritage. This study aims to analyze the impact of TikTok on Indonesian culture, both positively and negatively. Positively, TikTok helps preserve local culture through short videos featuring traditional dances, culinary specialties, and the use of regional languages. This platform also supports the introduction of Indonesian culture to a global audience, increasing awareness of the younger generation about the importance of local culture. However, on the other hand, TikTok raises challenges such as cultural homogenization due to the dominance of global trends, distortion of traditional cultural elements, and the erosion of local values. Through a qualitative approach with literature studies, this study found that TikTok has great potential as a tool for cultural preservation if used wisely. In conclusion, collaboration is needed between content creators, the community, and the government to maintain a balance between preserving local culture and digital modernity.

This research aims to analyze the making and use of Jambi traditional clothing with an ethnographic approach, in order to reveal cultural values, symbolism, and its role in the identity of the Jambi Malay community. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach, where data collection techniques include in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis. Interviews were conducted with informants who have in-depth knowledge of Jambi traditional clothing, while observation involved observing the making process, design, and use of the clothing in traditional ceremonies. The results showed that Jambi traditional clothing, such as Baju Kurung Tanggung, reflects the richness of local culture through designs that are full of philosophy. The symbolic colors used, such as red, gold and green, symbolize courage, nobility and fertility. In addition, these traditional garments also serve as symbols of social status and cultural identity, especially in the context of weddings and traditional ceremonies.

Generation Z (born between 1997 and 2012) has been socialised in the digital age, which has informed their social interactions and cultural awareness. This study assesses the role of Generation Z in maintaining national identity in the context of globalisation, employing a Likert-scale interview methodology with university students aged 18–22 at Universitas Gadjah Mada. The results indicate that the majority of respondents exhibit a robust sense of patriotism (53.6% strongly agree) and express support for the preservation of national identity (70% agree/strongly agree). However, a small percentage of respondents express doubt (18.4%) or disagreement (5.2%). Generation Z proactively employs social media to advance local culture, address social issues, and reconcile global influences with local values. Despite the challenges posed by globalisation, they demonstrate a commitment to maintaining Indonesia's cultural heritage. This study recommends culturally relevant education tailored to the digital era to support Generation Z in preserving national identity while adapting to global developments.      

This study aims to examine the structure of the presentation of Barzanji at the Aqiqah event in Batu Hampa, Koto XI Tarusan District, South Coast, with a focus on the regilius elements and local culture integrated in this ritual. Using a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, data were collected through direct observation, in-depth interviews with artists, religious leaders, and local communities, as well as visual documentation of the Aqiqah event. The results of the study show that the structure of presenting Barzanji consists of five main stages: preparation, opening, reading of the Barzanji text, joint prayer, and closing. The preparation stage involves arranging the venue and inviting religious leaders and the surrounding community. The reading of the barzanji text is carried out alternately by the artists. The joint prayer, led by Ustaz, became the core of the event with the aim of asking for blessings for the newborn. The event ended with a meal together as a symbol of gratitude and togetherness. The reading of Barzanji in the context of Aqiqah not only functions as a religious ritual, but also strengthens social and cultural relations in the community, and as a religious ritual this event is also a means of educating Islamic values for the younger generation and strengthening social ties in the community. This research provides new insights into the importance of preserving the Barzanji tradition in West Sumatra which is rich in regilian and cultural values.

The background of this study is the increasingly rapid social, cultural, and technological changes that have an impact on the dynamics of morality in society. In the midst of these changes, aqidah (belief) and ethics become important foundations in building solid morality. However, the main challenge faced is how to maintain the relevance of the teachings of aqidah and ethics in the context of modern life that continues to develop. This study aims to analyze the role of aqidah and ethics in shaping individual and collective morality amidst changing times. The main objective is to understand how religious beliefs and ethical principles can be applied effectively in maintaining moral integrity amidst the rapid flow of global change. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with analysis carried out by looking at the relationship between the values of aqidah, ethics, and morality in everyday life. The results of the study show that aqidah and ethics have an important role in shaping resilient morality amidst change. A deep understanding of aqidah and the application of ethical principles have proven to be a foundation for society to maintain positive moral values. However, the results also show that adaptation and renewal in the approach to teaching aqidah and ethics are needed to be more relevant and accepted by the younger generation living in the digital era.