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This study is a literature review aimed at examining in depth the concepts, characteristics, learning difficulties, and applications of quadratic functions in secondary mathematics education. The research employs a qualitative approach by analyzing ten articles published between 2019 and 2025 from both national and international journals. The findings indicate that the quadratic function is a fundamental topic in the mathematics curriculum, playing a crucial role in developing higher-order mathematical thinking skills such as analysis, synthesis, and problem-solving. It also serves as a foundation for understanding more advanced topics such as calculus, analytic geometry, and optimization. However, various studies have found that students continue to face significant learning difficulties, including misconceptions related to the shape of the parabola graph, understanding the discriminant value, and connecting algebraic forms to real-world contexts. To address these issues, research suggests that technology-assisted learning—particularly through interactive software such as GeoGebra—has proven effective in enhancing conceptual understanding, motivation, and student engagement. Therefore, this review highlights the importance of strengthening conceptual understanding, applying contextual learning approaches, and integrating digital technology as innovative strategies for teaching quadratic functions at the secondary education level.

Digital transformation has opened vast opportunities for the younger generation to engage in technology-based entrepreneurship. However, the low level of literacy regarding Sharia-based business among university students remains a major challenge in building a competitive halal startup ecosystem. This community engagement program aims to equip students with both conceptual understanding and practical skills in developing digital businesses aligned with Sharia principles. The program was implemented on May 10, 2025, involving 60 students from UNISKA, UMB, and Poliban. The method employed an educational-dialogical approach based on experiential learning, encompassing interactive seminars, technical workshops, and reflective evaluations. The training materials included the Sharia Business Model Canvas, halal design thinking, Islamic ethical digital marketing, as well as halal legality and certification. The program’s effectiveness was measured through pretest and posttest instruments, which showed a significant improvement in the average score from 58.3 to 82.7. These findings indicate that the program was effective in enhancing students’ understanding and readiness to become halalpreneurs. Furthermore, the experience fostered a transformation in students’ mindsets toward perceiving business as a means of worship and social contribution. The program is recommended to be replicated on a larger scale with cross-sectoral collaboration and support.

This study aims to analyze the application of digital marketing through social media at Yuk Ngopi Coffee UMKM in Medan City in facing competition in the digital era. The research method uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The results show that the use of digital platforms, particularly Instagram and TikTok, contributes significantly to increasing brand awareness, consumer engagement, and market expansion. Content strategies that emphasize visual aesthetics, interaction with consumers, and affordable prices are key factors in attracting customers. In addition, the integration of offline experiences in the form of a café atmosphere with online promotions has succeeded in strengthening the brand image. However, the study also found several challenges, including limited human resources, marketing budgets, and the rapidly changing dynamics of social media algorithms. Theoretically, these findings reinforce the relevance of the Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) model, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), and the concept of Perceived Value in the context of UMKM. This research provides practical implications for businesses to optimize social media as a strategic marketing tool, while balancing digital innovation and real-world consumer experiences.

This study aims to examine the process and improvement of reading comprehension skills among slow learner students in Grade VII at SMP Negeri 2 Karangan through the use of interactive animation video media based on the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model. Employing the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method following the Kemmis and McTaggart model, the study was conducted in two cycles with six slow learner students as research subjects. The observation results indicated an improvement from 89.58% in Cycle I to 100% in Cycle II. The average reading comprehension score increased from 65 to 83, with the percentage of students achieving the minimum mastery criteria rising from 67.85% to 89.28% with a difference of 18 points increase. These findings demonstrate that interactive animation video media based on PjBL effectively enhances both student engagement and learning outcomes, particularly in understanding English texts. This success was supported by the active role of the teacher in adapting the PjBL syntax to meet the specific needs of the slow learner students.

This study aims to examine how the Instagram account @brin_indonesia is utilized as a medium for public communication by the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). The background of this research is based on the high usage of social media in Indonesia, particularly Instagram, which offers significant opportunities for government institutions to establish more effective and efficient communication with the public. As a non-ministerial government agency, BRIN leverages Instagram as a strategic platform to disseminate information related to research, innovation, and science. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis refers to the theory of new media by Martin Lister et al., which includes six key characteristics: digital, interactive, hypertextual, virtual, networked, and simulation/convergence. The findings indicate that BRIN’s Instagram account functions not only as a one-way information channel but also as an interactive, educational, and representative digital space that supports institutional image and actively fosters public engagement in a structured manner.

This study examines the revitalization of the Qur’anic Education Center (TPA) in Mekar Jaya Village, which had ceased operating due to the loss of its main teacher and limited volunteer support. Using a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, the program engaged community members, volunteers, religious leaders, and parents in collaborative efforts to restore regular Qur’an learning activities and strengthen the TPA’s function as a vital center of Islamic education. The intervention led to increased student participation, including the return of former learners and the enrollment of new participants, as well as improved learning motivation through active engagement and parental support. This collaborative revitalization not only revived essential Islamic learning for children but also fostered sustained community involvement, highlighting the critical role of volunteers and local leadership in sustaining nonformal religious education. The model developed through this initiative provides practical implications for other rural communities seeking to maintain and strengthen Islamic educational institutions.

This study aims to describe the use of Word Search media in enhancing students’ active participation in Indonesian language learning. The background of this research lies in the low level of student engagement during classroom activities, which often tend to be passive, thus requiring innovative learning media to increase activeness. This research employed a descriptive quantitative method with 21 third-grade students of SD Negeri 184 Pekanbaru as the subjects. The research instrument was a student engagement questionnaire consisting of 10 indicators based on the dimensions of behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by calculating the mean score of each indicator, which was then categorized into Very Good, Good, Fair, and Poor. The findings showed that most indicators were in the Good to Very Good categories, while only two indicators were categorized as Fair. These results indicate that the use of Word Search media can enhance students’ engagement in behavioral, emotional, and cognitive aspects. Therefore, it can be concluded that Word Search is an effective, innovative, and enjoyable learning medium to foster students’ active participation in Indonesian language learning.

This study reports on an Independent Community Service Program (KKN Mandiri) conducted in Dusun Betu Raja 3, aimed at strengthening Islamic awareness through community-based educational activities. The program focused on two main initiatives: parenting dialogues with mothers, emphasizing child-rearing practices in line with Islamic values, and interactive sessions with children that introduced moral lessons from the stories of the prophets. Using participatory methods such as discussions, interactive lectures, and storytelling, the activities encouraged active engagement and created a supportive learning environment. Findings indicate that mothers gained a deeper understanding of the significance of Islamic parenting in shaping children’s moral character, while children demonstrated enthusiasm in listening to and applying the values embedded in prophetic stories. The program highlights the effectiveness of dialogical and narrative-based approaches in promoting religious awareness within rural communities. Overall, this initiative contributes not only to the development of individual family practices but also to the collective strengthening of Islamic identity in village life.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a significant transformation of performing arts in Aceh, particularly through Taman Budaya Aceh, which shifted its stage activities into digital formats. This study aims to describe the processes of digital mediation, changes in production formats, audience engagement patterns, and the archival function of cultural performances through Taman Budaya Aceh’s official YouTube channel. Using a qualitative descriptive case study design, the research analyzed 12 performance videos produced and uploaded between 2020–2022 through visual and narrative analysis. The findings reveal three key aspects: first, the shift from offline to online production created a new aesthetic based on camera work and editing; second, audiences transformed into mediatized participants through comments, likes, and replays; third, digital platforms functioned as cultural repositories, expanding access and strengthening the preservation of performances. These findings highlight that digitalization of performing arts is not merely an emergency response, but an integral part of constructing a sustainable arts ecosystem in the digital disruption era.

In recent years, the Indonesian government has actively promoted digital transformation in public service delivery, including in rural and remote areas. However, digital adoption among communities in these regions remains inconsistent and often hindered by infrastructural and socio-cultural constraints. This study aims to assess the digital readiness of rural communities in adopting mobile-based public service information systems, with a specific focus on understanding the social and technological dynamics that shape their engagement. Employing a mixed methods approach with an explanatory sequential design, the research began with a structured survey involving 150-200 respondents per location, followed by in-depth interviews with key informants such as village officials, service operators, and local users. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS to identify general patterns in digital readiness based on the Technology Readiness Index and the Digital Readiness Framework, while qualitative insights were thematically analyzed using NVivo to uncover contextual factors. The findings reveal that while some respondents exhibit a moderate level of digital optimism, barriers such as unstable internet access, limited digital literacy, and fear of misusing technology significantly affect adoption rates. Furthermore, social support from family members emerged as a critical facilitator in overcoming these challenges. This study contributes to the discourse on inclusive digital transformation by highlighting the importance of integrating community-based support mechanisms into system design and policy planning. The implications suggest that successful digitalization efforts in rural areas must go beyond infrastructure development and address the social readiness of users through culturally sensitive and participatory approaches.

This study aims to analyze the role of Kajian Kalam at Gedung Dakwah Kalasan, Sleman, as a community-based Qur’anic literacy practice. The study is motivated by the phenomenon that, although many people in Indonesia are proficient in reading the Qur’an, their understanding of its meaning remains limited. Kajian Kalam addresses this gap through a contextual and participatory tafsir approach, actively involving participants in discussion and reflection. This research employs a qualitative case study method, using direct observation, interviews with the study leader, and documentation of the study activities as data sources. The findings indicate that Kajian Kalam enhances Qur’anic literacy on three levels: textual literacy, meaning literacy, and practical literacy. The study provides participants with opportunities to understand Qur’anic verses contextually and relate them to daily life, while also building an inclusive and egalitarian learning community. The contributions of Kajian Kalam include broadening access to Qur’anic interpretation for participants with diverse backgrounds, implementing participatory learning models, and developing grounded and practical Qur’anic literacy. This research demonstrates that community-based Qur’anic studies can be an effective means to improve understanding and practice of the Qur’an, filling a gap in previous studies that focused primarily on formal institutions. The findings are expected to inform the development of more participatory and practical Qur’anic study models in society.

Social media has transformed communication patterns, with TikTok emerging as a platform where interactions are highly expressive and multimodal. This study examines the role of emojis as politeness strategies in the comments section of TikTok influencers, focusing on how these visual symbols help maintain harmonious digital communication. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, the researchers analyzed 20 emoji-containing comments from a high-engagement influencer video. The data were interpreted through Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory, supplemented by the concept of multimodality. The findings indicate that emojis significantly support both positive and negative politeness strategies. Positive politeness was dominant (around 70%), often realized through empathy, humor, and solidarity-building emojis, while negative politeness was achieved through hedging, apologies, and respectful cues. Emojis also frequently softened bald-on-record statements and enabled off-record indirectness. The study concludes that emojis are crucial in enhancing politeness, enriching emotional expression, and fostering a sense of community in TikTok interactions, highlighting their importance in the evolving landscape of digital sociolinguistics.

This study applies a descriptive qualitative approach with data gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation. It aims to outline the planning and execution of a contextual approach in learning Islamic religious education by applying the field trip method and examining outcomes prior to and after its use to Islamic religious education learning at SD Kyai Abdullah Ubaid II Surabaya. Strategy of contextual method was selected since it can link learning material’s of Islamic religious education with real experiences, so that students can understand religious values ​​in a more applicable way. The subjects of this research include PAI teachers, class IV students and school principals. Data analysis employed the Miles and Huberman framework, covering reduction, presentation, and inference. The study of result shows that Islamic religious education teacher’s at Kyai Abdullah Ubaid II Elementary School have implemented a strategy of contextual approach effectively, particularly through Islamic religious education learning activities based on students' real-life experiences. This approach was implemented through planned field trips, such as practicing the dhuha prayer’s at the Ya'qub Mosque. A contextual approach combined with a field trip method has been proven to increase the enthusiasm and engagement of fourth-grade students at Kyai Abdullah Ubaid II Elementary School, Surabaya. They demonstrated a better understanding in the context of Islamic education learning, and the PAI teacher’s helped students understand Islamic values in a practical way by inviting fourth-grade students to perform ablution before practicing the Dhuha prayer during PAI learning at the Ya'qub Mosque.

The Professional Work Experience (PKP) program at RA Mawaddah Warahmah Medan was conducted to enhance students’ understanding of teachers’ strategies in fostering young children’s learning motivation. The objectives were to identify baseline learning motivation, design teacher strategies based on children’s needs, and evaluate their impact on classroom engagement. The methods applied included classroom observation, interviews with mentor teachers, documentation, and participatory assistance through a classroom action approach. The strategies implemented consisted of affirmative communication, the use of concrete media, play-based learning, positive reinforcement, and effective transition management. Findings revealed a significant increase in children’s attention, active participation, and positive expression. Average motivation scores improved by 38% from pre- to post-intervention. Children became more focused, enthusiastic, and actively involved in core learning activities. Teachers also benefited from more conducive classroom environments and new creative teaching ideas. These results emphasize the crucial role of teachers as key drivers of learning motivation and demonstrate that simple yet targeted strategies can generate meaningful impacts. The PKP program is expected to contribute to the advancement of educational knowledge, particularly in implementing innovative, contextual, and child-centered learning approaches in early childhood education.

Environmental issues are becoming increasingly urgent, particularly the worsening clean water crisis, which requires effective mass communication to raise awareness and encourage community involvement. Social media has emerged as a strategic platform for disseminating information and promoting environmental actions. PandawaraGroup, a dedicated TikTok account focusing on environmental issues, utilizes persuasive communication to encourage positive actions. This study aims to examine the influence of persuasive communication by the @PandawaraGroup TikTok account on followers’ interest in participating in social actions. The research employed a quantitative method with data collected through an online questionnaire (Google Form) distributed to 100 respondents who are followers of the account. Data analysis was conducted using simple linear regression along with descriptive tests, validity, reliability, and dimensional analysis. The findings reveal that persuasive communication from @PandawaraGroup has a moderate influence on followers’ interest in engaging in social actions. Based on these results, the study suggests that @PandawaraGroup should strengthen follower engagement through active interactions, such as responding to comments and direct messages, as well as organizing regular Q&A or discussion sessions. Furthermore, diversifying content with creative approaches is essential to maintain audience interest and relevance. These strategies are expected to enhance the effectiveness of @PandawaraGroup in promoting environmental awareness and public participation.

Prayer (shalat) is the central act of worship in Islam and holds a fundamental role in nurturing the spiritual life of Muslims. However, in practice, challenges often arise within society, particularly regarding the accuracy of recitations, movements, and the cohesiveness of congregational prayer. Thus, the urgency of understanding correct fiqh shalat remains crucial to ensure the quality of worship and strengthen ukhuwah islamiyah (Islamic brotherhood). In response to this need, students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, through the National Community Service Program (KKN) in Surabaya, organized a community engagement activity under the theme of Kemuhammadiyahan, namely a congregational prayer competition involving members of ‘Aisyiyah. The aim of this activity was to internalize Muhammadiyah values, enhance the understanding of fiqh shalat according to Islamic teachings, and foster a spirit of togetherness through an educational and participatory approach. The competition was assessed based on prayer movements, recitations, and group cohesiveness. The results revealed active participation and high enthusiasm from the participants, who not only competed but also learned to improve the quality of their worship. This activity successfully created a positive religious atmosphere, strengthened bonds among community members, and affirmed the role of KKN as a medium of community service that integrates religious education, Islamic propagation (dakwah), and spiritual development rooted in progressive Islamic values.

This community engagement activity aims to introduce and promote Es Pisang Ijo, a traditional culinary delight from Makassar, to the mothers of Aisyiyah Ranting Suterejo in Surabaya. The program was implemented through the National KKN-Dik collaboration between Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar and Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya. The method applied was a field study involving several stages—explanation, demonstration, and direct hands-on practice. The activity received a highly positive response, as participants were actively involved in every phase, showing enthusiasm and curiosity. The outcomes of this activity include improved culinary skills, strengthened cultural awareness, and the creation of new opportunities for micro-enterprise development rooted in traditional cuisine. Additionally, this program enhanced cross-cultural communication and strengthened social solidarity among Aisyiyah members. Es Pisang Ijo thus represents not only a dessert but also a symbol of togetherness, women’s empowerment, and cultural preservation. This initiative reaffirms Aisyiyah’s role as an empowered women’s community that contributes to economic independence and cultural resilience through traditional culinary innovation as a medium of empowerment and community development.

Boredom during the learning process often becomes a significant barrier to students’ motivation and engagement, especially in vocational education settings. This phenomenon was also observed at SMKS Muhammadiyah 9 Medan, where some students demonstrated a lack of interest and active participation during learning activities. This study aims to analyze how the implementation of active learning strategies can reduce boredom and improve the quality of classroom interaction. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with teachers and students, direct classroom observations, and supporting documentation. The data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis to identify emerging patterns, trends, and meanings from teaching practices. The findings reveal that the application of active learning strategies—such as group discussions, project-based learning, problem solving, and the use of interactive learning media—positively impacts the learning process. These strategies not only enhance participation and learning motivation but also foster collaboration among students, improve teacher–student communication, and develop critical and social thinking skills. Furthermore, the classroom atmosphere becomes more dynamic, enjoyable, and participatory, significantly reducing learning boredom. Therefore, active learning strategies are proven to be relevant and effective in creating engaging, interactive, and meaningful learning experiences for students at SMKS Muhammadiyah 9 Medan. This research provides practical implications for teachers in selecting appropriate learning approaches to achieve educational goals more effectively.

The development of digital technology has shifted media consumption patterns, including radio media, which now faces a big challenge to remain relevant in the era of media convergence. OZ Radio Jakarta is one of the private radio stations that continues to survive with adaptive communication strategies. This research aims to find out the communication strategy of OZ Radio Jakarta in maintaining its broadcast existence in the digital media era. The research used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews with three key informants, namely the producer, social media team, and marketing team of OZ Radio Jakarta, as well as documentation and observation. Data analysis used Communication Strategy theory (Effendy, 2000), Niche Theory (Dimmick, 2003). The results showed that OZ Radio Jakarta carries out a coordinated internal and external communication strategy, utilizes social media as an audience participatory space, and maintains the emotional value of conventional broadcasts. The strategy has succeeded in maintaining OZ Radio Jakarta's existence as an adaptive, creative, and capable audio media in a competitive digital media landscape. Keywords: Communication Strategy, Digital Media, Existence, Radio.

In an era of increasingly open and developing information, the image of state institutions is a reflection of a government and can affect public trust. Therefore, LAN RI Public Relations carries out Digital Public Relations activities using social media so that LAN RI can maintain its image in the eyes of the public. The purpose of this research is to describe Regina Luttrel's SOME theory in the activity of using social media in maintaining the image of the institution. The theory used in this research is the SOME theory which has the dimensions of Share, Optimize, Manage, and Engange (Regina Luttrell). This research also uses image theory which consists of Perception, Cognition, and Motive dimensions (Walter Lippmann). This study concludes that LAN Public Relations in the Concept of The Circular Model of SOME implements Share by utilizing various social media platforms. Content is organized through a curation process that is tailored to the institution's guidelines to create relevant and informative communication. Through Optimize, the effectiveness of message delivery is measured based on data analytics with strategies that consider platform algorithms. In the Manage stage, LAN's PR team monitors and analyzes emerging issues, ensuring a quick response to sensitive issues. Engage efforts are demonstrated through surveys, quizzes, discussion forums, and employee personal branding efforts that strengthen public engagement while building trust.