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This classroom action research aims to improve the reading literacy of grade 1 students of SD Negeri 2 Ngasem through the use of flashcards. The background of the study is based on the low interest in reading and literacy outcomes of students, which is caused by less varied learning methods and the lack of attractive learning media. This study used a multi-cycle approach with the stages of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation of student activities, reading literacy tests before and after the intervention, and documentation of the learning process. The results showed an increase in the average reading literacy score from 74.77 in the pre-cycle to 75.55 in cycle 1, with the percentage of learning completeness increasing from 77.77% to 83.33%. The use of flashcards proved effective in improving students' motivation, participation, and reading literacy outcomes. This study recommends the use of interactive and innovative learning media such as flashcards, to improve reading literacy in elementary schools.  

Critical thinking skills are a fundamental aspect that needs to be instilled early in the educational process in elementary schools. However, the application of conventional learning media such as textbooks and worksheets tends to be less supportive of the development of these skills, especially in complex materials such as the solar system. To overcome this, the use of solar system diorama media is considered capable of bridging students' conceptual understanding with more contextual visual and exploratory experiences. Through a constructivist approach, students are given space to be actively involved in observing, discussing, and linking materials to real phenomena, so that their critical thinking skills can be honed more optimally. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of diorama media in improving the critical thinking skills of elementary school students and examine students' responses to this learning method. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of innovative learning strategies that can support the quality of elementary education.

In the rapidly evolving digital era, human resources (HR) are a key factor in facing global challenges and leveraging technological opportunities. Education plays a strategic role in shaping high-quality human resources that are adaptive, innovative, and competitive. This study explores how education, through the enhancement of digital literacy, 21st-century skills, and the use of information technology, significantly contributes to improving HR quality. The transformation of education—covering technology-based curricula, digital learning methods, and vocational training—has become essential in creating a workforce that is ready to compete in the digital age. The discussion concludes that investment in an education system responsive to technological developments will produce superior and highly competitive human capital. Therefore, collaboration between government, educational institutions, and industry sectors is crucial in creating a relevant and sustainable learning ecosystem.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of using animated video media in improving elementary school students’ understanding of the material of changes in the form of objects, which includes the process of melting, freezing, evaporating, condensing, and sublimating. The material is often difficult for students to understand because it is abstract and cannot always be observed directly. This research uses a qualitative method with a library research approach, where data is collected and analyzed from various reliable sources such as accredited scientific journal articles, books, and previous research results. The analysis technique used refers to the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that the animated video media can improve students’ cognitive understanding through visualization of complex processes, strengthen information retention, and reduce common misconceptions. In addition, this media is also proven to increase students’ motivation, interest in learning, and participation in learning. The effectiveness of animated videos is greatly influenced by the quality of visual design, narration, appropriate duration, and their integration in learning activities such as discussions or experiments. Despite challenges such as limited facilities and teacher training needs, strategic solutions can be implemented to optimize the use of this media. Thus, animated videos can be an innovative and relevant strategic alternative in science learning in elementary schools, especially in conveying abstract concepts in a concrete and fun way.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital learning media in enhancing elementary school students’ learning interest within the context of technological advancement in education. Digital media such as interactive videos, educational animations, and learning applications are increasingly integrated into teaching processes as a response to the demand for more innovative and adaptive education. This research discusses how digital learning media can stimulate students’ intrinsic motivation, strengthen engagement, and create a more enjoyable and contextual learning experience. The findings indicate that digital media holds significant potential to improve the quality of primary education by presenting content in an engaging and easily comprehensible manner. Despite technical challenges such as limited device availability and internet access, conceptually, digital learning media can serve as a strategic solution in reforming teaching methods in the digital age.  

Sexual violence among adolescents is an increasingly serious issue, exacerbated by limited knowledge and lack of education, which heightens their vulnerability. One innovative approach to addressing this problem is the use of educational applications such as BEYDI (Self-Empowerment), designed to enhance adolescents’ awareness and knowledge of sexual violence prevention. This study aimed to determine the effect of BEYDI application-based education on students’ knowledge regarding sexual violence prevention at SMPN 3 Lamongan. The study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The population consisted of 63 eighth-grade students from classes 8A and 8B, selected through total sampling. Data were collected using pretest and posttest questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results indicated a significant increase in students’ knowledge after receiving the educational intervention via the BEYDI application (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that the BEYDI app-based education was effective in enhancing students’ knowledge of sexual violence prevention and can be considered an interactive and efficient alternative educational tool in the school setting.

This study aims to examine the implementation of digital educational games to enhance the understanding of fraction concepts among fifth-grade elementary school students. The background of this research lies in the low mastery of fraction material and the lack of student engagement due to conventional teaching approaches. The research used a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The subjects were divided into an experimental group, which received digital educational game-based learning, and a control group, which was taught using traditional lectures and practice questions. The results showed a significant improvement in the understanding of fractions in the experimental group compared to the control group. The findings indicate that digital educational games can enhance motivation, engagement, and the effectiveness of mathematics learning. This research recommends the integration of interactive digital media as an innovative strategy for teaching mathematics in elementary schools.

The Society 5.0 era brings profound transformation in education, requiring Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers to integrate technology in learning while maintaining Christian values. This study aims to analyze the challenges faced by PAK teachers in improving professional competence in this era, as well as exploring existing opportunities. The method used is library research with a qualitative approach, collecting data from journals and related literature. The results of the study indicate that many PAK teachers are not ready to face change, so they need a systematic professional development program. In addition, digital technology offers innovative learning methods that can increase student engagement. This study recommends a holistic approach in developing teacher competence, by maintaining a balance between technology and spiritual values.

This study aims to explore how effective audio-visual media can improve grade 6 students’ ability to recognize punctuation in poetry. Literacy skills, especially in writing and understanding punctuation in poetry, are a big challenge for primary school students around the world. Lack of understanding of the structural elements of poetry and the role of punctuation often result in difficulties for student to convery their meaning and feelings correctly thorugh writing. The approach taken in this research was a literature study that examined various scholarly sources related to literacy, poetry teaching, and the use of audio-visual media.  The results of the analiysis show that audio-visual media can signicantly improve students’ motivation, comprehension and writing sklills. This media promotes a more interactive and relevant learning experience, so that students can understand the application not only from a technical perspective, but also as an aesthetic element that strengthens the meaning and expression in poetry. From these finfings, it is recommended to integrate audio-visual media in teching poetry as an innovative step to overcome liteacy problems and improve the quality of indonesian language education at the primary level.

This study aims to explore and analyze pedagogical innovation practices and learning models at MTs Darul Musthofa, Probolinggo, within the context of contemporary Islamic education. The research focuses on the integration of digital technology, teacher collaboration, and the internalization of pesantren values in the learning process. Employing a qualitative approach with a case study design, data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that the madrasah successfully developed an innovative learning ecosystem that combines digital media with pesantren traditions, such as the use of Google Classroom, digital lesson plans, student blogs, and interactive Islamic content. These practices enhance students’ digital literacy while maintaining the religious character that underpins the institution. The implications suggest that Islamic educational institutions, even in rural areas, can adopt transformative learning models based on technology and local values synergistically. This research is expected to serve as a reference for the development of policies and Islamic education models that are adaptive to contemporary challenges.  

  This research is motivated by the importance of disaster education from an early age, particularly in disaster-prone areas such as Indonesia, and the need for innovative learning media to enhance students' preparedness. Therefore, the researcher chose documentary films as a learning medium, as they present objects, concepts, or processes in a concrete and realistic manner. Consequently, documentary films serve not only as a learning resource but also as a means for students to understand appropriate actions for disaster mitigation and adaptation.The objectives of this study are to determine the effect of documentary film as a learning medium on students' cognitive abilities, to examine the effect on students' psychomotor skills, and to assess the extent to which cognitive abilities influence psychomotor skills.The research method used is quantitative with an experimental approach. The subjects of this study were students of class XI-H at SMAN 1 Karangan, Trenggalek. The instruments used included cognitive ability tests, psychomotor project assessments, and reports. Data analysis techniques involved the use of t-tests and regression analysis, calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The results showed that the use of documentary film as a learning medium had a positive effect on students' psychomotor abilities. This is supported by the results of a simple linear regression test, which produced a significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.015 < 0.05, indicating that H₀ is rejected and H₁ is accepted.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of evaluation sheets based on picture stories on the assessment of student learning outcomes in Natural Sciences (IPA) subjects for grade VII at SMP Hang Tuah 1 Jakarta. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach involving 154 students from four classes (7A–7D). The evaluation instrument in the form of a short narrative accompanied by visual illustrations and contextual questions was designed based on the basic competencies of grade VII science. The results of the analysis showed that students gave a positive response to the form of evaluation used. Statistically, the average value of student learning outcomes reached 81.52, median 81.79, mode 84, and standard deviation 5.60. A total of 132 students (85.7%) achieved learning outcomes with values ​​above or equal to the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM), which is 75. This shows that the evaluation sheet based on picture stories is not only effective in measuring learning outcomes, but also helps students understand the material more contextually and enjoyably. Student reflections strengthen these findings, where most stated that evaluation in the form of illustrated stories made them more interested, less tense when working on problems, and easier to understand concepts. Therefore, this approach can be an innovative alternative assessment in science learning.

Coffee ground have great potential to be used as an additional ingredient in making biscuits. The purpose of this study is to create innovative coffee grounds biscuits that can be a promising business opportunity. This study uses a Research and Development (R&D) research design with a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The results of this study are BIS'KOP (Biskuit Ampas Kopi) products that have a sweet taste, light coffee aroma, crunchy texture, and brown color on the biscuit part and white color on the vanilla cream part. Overall, the sensory characteristics of BIS'KOP products, including taste, aroma, texture, and color have met the expected criteria and are worthy of being marketed. BIS'KOP products can be sold at a price of IDR 24,000.00 per package containing 5 (five) pcs of BIS'KOP. Each serving of BIS'KOP can meet 5% of energy needs, 2% of protein needs, 7% of fat needs, and 5% of carbohydrate needs. Thus, it can be concluded that coffee grounds biscuits have the potential as an alternative snack with a zero waste concept.

The bridal hand bouquet in Western weddings is an important element symbolizing the sanctity of the marriage. The hand bouquet serves as an accessory that complements the appearance of the bride and portrays her as the queen on her special day. This study aims to explain the innovative process of arranging Hologram Flower Bouquets, Rattan Flower Bouquets, and Coconut Flower Bouquets, as well as to validate the product of the book "Creations of Bouquets for Brides". The methodology used includes observation, literature review, documentation, and questionnaires. The process of arranging the Hologram Flower Bouquet, Rattan Flower Bouquet, and Coconut Flower Bouquet consists of three stages: preparation of tools, materials, and steps for arranging the flowers. The validation results from three expert validators for the book "Bridal Hand Bouquets" show the following scores: 12 (good) for the material indicator matching the title, 11 (good) for the images, 11 (good) for completeness of content, 12 (good) for layout, 11 (good) for image clarity, 11 (good) for appearance, 10 (fair) for information clarity, 9 (fair) for sentence accuracy, and 9 (fair) for formal or informal language. It is recommended to create bouquets using artificial or dried flowers and to incorporate unique accessories.

This study evaluates the implementation of water source conservation and conservation forest policies in Tuban Regency that integrate collaborative methods between various parties and local wisdom. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with staff from the Environmental Service, representatives of environmental NGOs, traditional leaders, and local communities, coupled with field observations related to the “Adopt a Spring” and “Forest School” programs. The results of the study indicate that the success of the policy is not only supported by local regulations, but also by collaboration involving the government, local communities, the private sector, and educational institutions. Local wisdom, such as the “nyadran sumber” ceremony and traditional protected forest methods, increase the legitimacy and effectiveness of environmental protection. However, obstacles arise as a result of lack of funds, economic pressures, and changes in values ​​among the younger generation. This study suggests sustainability education and cross-sector collaboration forums, strengthening sustainable economic schemes based on ecotourism and agroforestry, and contextual environmental education to maintain the sustainability of the program. These results confirm that conservation policies integrated with local wisdom and cross-sector collaboration can be an innovative model for other regions, while strengthening the paradigm of sustainable development that is responsive to the existing socio-cultural context.

Community service activities to enhance the organizational capacity of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in supporting local economic development through business management and digital marketing training in Serang Village, Cikarang Selatan Subdistrict. The method used was a participatory approach with a descriptive qualitative approach, aimed at encouraging active involvement of BUMDes managers and village communities in every stage of the activity. Data collection techniques included field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation, with a focus on changes in BUMDes organizational capacity before and after the intervention. The results showed that BUMDes faced structural, technical, and institutional weaknesses, such as an unsystematic organizational structure, weak leadership, lack of business plans, and low adoption of digital technology. After the training, there was a significant improvement in organizational structure, strategic planning, financial accountability, and the use of digital platforms for marketing. The activity also succeeded in fostering a more participatory and innovative organizational culture and expanding strategic partnership networks. This transformation had a direct impact on improving the economic performance of BUMDes and community participation, making BUMDes a facilitator of inclusive local economic collaboration. These findings indicate that an integrated training approach is an effective strategic model for strengthening village economic institutions sustainably.

The low learning outcomes of students in Economics subjects are often influenced by the use of traditional teaching methods that are less engaging and lack interaction. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of utilizing game-based learning media in improving students' academic performance. The game used in this study is the Wordwall game with the Airplane type. A quantitative approach was employed, using a quasi-experimental design with the nonequivalent control group model. The research subjects consisted of two tenth-grade classes at SMA Labschool Unesa 1, with the experimental class receiving treatment using the Airplane game media, while the control class was taught using conventional teaching methods. Data collection was conducted through pre-tests and post-tests. The data were analyzed using normality tests, homogeneity tests, independent t-tests, and N-Gain calculations. The results showed that the implementation of the Airplane game-based learning media significantly improved students' learning outcomes, as indicated by higher average post-test scores and N-Gain values in the experimental group compared to the control group. These findings suggest that game-based media can serve as an innovative alternative in the learning process, as it is capable of enhancing student motivation, active participation, and understanding of economic concepts.

This study aims to develop an automatic detection system to improve lift safety through early detection and rapid response to sling failure. The research method uses an experimental approach by designing a 3-story lift prototype that integrates a Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller as the main processing unit, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to detect lift position, a limit switch to detect sling failure, and a mechanical braking system using a servo motor. The system is equipped with an I2C LCD for real-time display, Telegram notifications for remote monitoring, and a buzzer alarm as an early warning. The test results show that the ultrasonic sensor has a high accuracy of 97.58% with an average error of 2.42%. The system successfully detects sling failure and activates mechanical braking automatically, preventing the basket from falling freely and allowing it to stop on the nearest floor. All control functions such as navigation buttons, motor rotation direction, and limit switch accuracy work well. This system provides an innovative solution to improve elevator safety through the integration of automatic detection technology, real-time monitoring, and direct physical response that can be applied to the development of future elevator safety technology.

The purpose of this research is to analyze and identify the influence of work capability, innovative work behavior, and internal work environment on employee performance at PTPN IV Regional II Kebun Limau Mungkur. This study involved 125 respondents, consisting of all employees of PTPN IV Regional II Kebun Limau Mungkur. The sample was determined using the Slovin formula, resulting in 95 participants in the survey. Data were collected through observation, documentation, interviews, and the distribution of questionnaires using a Likert scale. The methods used to analyze the data include classical assumption tests, validity and reliability tests. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression through the SPSS program. The results of this study partially (t-test) prove that work capability has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PTPN IV Regional II Kebun Limau Mungkur. Innovative work behavior has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PTPN IV Regional II Kebun Limau Mungkur. The internal work environment also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PTPN IV Regional II Kebun Limau Mungkur. Additionally, work capability, innovative work behavior, and internal work environment simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee performance at PTPN IV Regional II Kebun Limau Mungkur, with an Fcount value (14.283) > Ftable (2.70), and a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05.

Analysis of the Role of Teachers in Increasing the Learning Interest of Class IV Students of SDI Betun Kota. Guided by Marsela Luruk Bere and Damian Puling, the formulation of the problem in this study is the Analysis of the Role of Teachers in Increasing the Learning Interest of Class IV Students. Teachers have an important role in conveying knowledge to existing students. Not only playing a role in teaching knowledge, there are many roles of teachers in the learning process. The role of teachers in the learning process is: teachers as educators, teachers as instructors, teachers as guides, teachers as influences, teachers as trainers, teachers as assessors. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of teachers in increasing the learning interest of students at SDI Betun Kota. This research was conducted using qualitative methods. The subjects of this study were the Principal, homeroom teacher IV and Class IV Students of SDI Betun Kota. A person's interest is developed to achieve educational goals, this is because interest is a potential that still requires serious and systematic development and training in order to be realized. However, in reality, many students are less interested in a particular subject because of the minimal role of teachers in developing students' talents and interests. How great is the service of a teacher in developing students' talents and interests, the results of this study show that teachers who are effective in increasing students' interest in learning use innovative learning methods, provide motivation, create a conducive learning environment, and have good relationships with students. This study also found that the use of technology in learning can increase students' interest in learning, thus this study contributes to the understanding of the role of teachers in increasing students' interest in learning and can be a reference for teachers and schools in improving the quality of learning.