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Anak dengan Down Syndrome (DS) menghadapi berbagai hambatan perkembangan, baik secara fisik, kognitif, sosial, maupun emosional, sehingga memerlukan layanan khusus. Salah satu masalah utama yang dialami adalah rendahnya keseimbangan akibat hipotonia, kelemahan otot, gangguan postural, serta keterbatasan sistem sensorimotor, yang berimplikasi pada risiko jatuh dan keterlambatan motorik. Selain itu, anak DS juga cenderung mengalami hambatan dalam sosialisasi yang berdampak pada rendahnya rasa percaya diri. Penelitian dan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di SLB D1 Surakarta ini dirancang untuk meningkatkan keseimbangan dan rasa percaya diri melalui intervensi menari di atas landasan dengan berbagai tekstur permukaan serta pemberian buku cerita interaktif. Metode yang digunakan meliputi baseline assessment, sosialisasi, latihan motorik, serta evaluasi melalui pre-test dan post-test terhadap pengetahuan guru pendamping dan orang tua. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada pemahaman orang tua dan guru mengenai pentingnya keseimbangan dan rasa percaya diri, dengan capaian pengetahuan baik meningkat dari 57,9% menjadi 89,5%. Selain itu, anak menunjukkan keterlibatan aktif dalam latihan yang menyenangkan, yang diyakini dapat memperbaiki kontrol postural sekaligus memupuk rasa percaya diri melalui pengalaman positif. Dengan demikian, kegiatan menari dan membaca buku cerita bergambar dapat menjadi strategi komplementer yang efektif untuk mendukung tumbuh kembang anak DS secara holistik.

Anak difabel memiliki kebutuhan khusus akibat adanya gangguan dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan, baik secara fisik, sensorik, intelektual, maupun emosional. Salah satu gangguan yang umum adalah gangguan motorik, yang berdampak pada keterbatasan dalam melakukan aktivitas fisik sehari-hari. Penanganan melalui latihan motorik yang sesuai sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kekuatan otot, koordinasi, fleksibilitas, serta efikasi diri anak. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan di YPAC Surakarta dengan tujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan guru olahraga dan orang tua mengenai pentingnya latihan motorik yang disesuaikan dengan klasifikasi gangguan anak. Metode kegiatan meliputi observasi, penyuluhan, pelatihan langsung, dan evaluasi menggunakan pre-test, post-test, serta monitoring keberlanjutan latihan di rumah. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan latihan yang individual dan terstruktur dapat meningkatkan pemahaman pendamping (guru dan orang tua), sekaligus membantu anak difabel mengembangkan potensi fisik dan psikologisnya. Kolaborasi antara pendidik, orang tua, serta tenaga profesional menjadi kunci dalam membentuk anak difabel yang berdaya saing dan berjiwa juara

Pemimpin yang efektif diperlukan untuk mengembangkan strategi dan struktur yang baik dan menarik karyawan, menginspirasi dan mendukung staf yang berpengalaman, menghargai komitmen mereka, dan meminimalkan turnover intention. Turnover intention mengacu pada kecenderungan atau rencana untuk berhenti dari pekerjaan di tempat kerja. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pendidikan tentang gaya kepemimpinan sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi turnover intention. Kegiatan pendidikan dilakukan dengan menerapkan empat tahap termasuk tahap I perencanaan dan pemilihan strategi, tahap II pemilihan saluran dan materi, tahap III pengembangan materi, tahap IV penerapan, tahap V meninjau efektivitas, tahap VI umpan balik untuk evaluasi. menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pengetahuan kepala ruangan setelah diberikan pendidikan tentang gaya kepemimpinan transformasional berada pada kategori tinggi, yaitu 12 responden (85,8%). Kepemimpinan transformasional telah menjadi gaya kepemimpinan yang dominan dipraktikkan oleh para pemimpin di banyak industri dan disiplin ilmu, termasuk dalam keperawatan oleh kepala ruangan

This study explores the effect of varying proportions of mocaf flour and tofu dregs flour on the physical and chemical characteristics of gluten-free cookies. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor: the proportion of mocaf flour and tofu dregs flour. The treatment levels were as follows: 45g mocaf flour + 15g tofu dregs flour, 30g mocaf flour + 30g tofu dregs flour, and 15g mocaf flour + 45g tofu dregs flour. Sensory evaluations (taste, aroma, appearance, and texture) and chemical analyses (moisture, protein, fat, and ash content) were conducted. The results indicate that the proportion of mocaf flour and tofu dregs flour significantly affects panelists' acceptance in terms of taste, aroma, and appearance. The most preferred formulation was 30g mocaf flour + 30g tofu dregs flour, with sensory scores of 3.80 for taste, 3.20 for aroma, 4.28 for texture, and 3.61 for appearance. Proximate analysis revealed that the product contained 2.58% moisture, 1.63% ash, 25.27% protein, and 24.86% fat.

Catfish dregs fish bone gelatin extraction still has the potential to be utilized by processing it into flour. Catfish dregs fish bone gelatin extraction can be used as an additional source of calcium in mango fruit leather products. This study goals to know the effect of adding catfish bone meal on the chemical also organoleptic characteristics of mango fruit leather. This study used a CRD with a single factor, the addition of catfish bone gelatin waste flour with 5 levels of treatment, including; P0 (control), P1 (2.5 grams), P2 (5 grams), P3 (7.5 grams), also P4 (10 grams). The variables observed included water content, reducing sugar content, vitamin C content, calcium content also organoleptic properties (color, aroma, texture, taste also overall). The results of adding catfish bone flour had a significant effect on fruit leather moisture, vitamin c, also calcium levels (p <0.05). Treatment P4 produced the best results, especially in terms of water content, vitamin C content also calcium content, while P2 was the best treatment in terms of organoleptic parameters. The results of the chemical characteristics with the best treatment had a vitamin C content of 51.3 mg/100, a water content of 12.6% (ww) and a calcium content of 1.82% and from organoleptics an overall score of 3.77.

Gender mainstreaming (PUG) is a development strategy that integrates gender equality as a key principle in planning and budgeting. The city of Semarang has adopted this approach in various policy documents; however, its implementation still faces significant challenges. This study aims to evaluate the achievement of the seven prerequisites for PUG according to the guidelines from the Ministry of PPPA, including commitment, policies, institutional frameworks, resources, sex-disaggregated data, gender analysis tools (GAP and GBS), and community participation. The research utilizes a descriptive qualitative approach, employing in-depth interviews, document studies, and questionnaires. Key informants include local government organizations (OPDs) and civil society representatives. Data analysis is carried out using Miles & Huberman's interactive model with thematic analysis. The findings show that normative prerequisites such as policies and institutional frameworks are in place, but implementation remains weak, particularly in the use of sex-disaggregated data and the application of GAP-GBS. Supporting factors for success include leadership commitment from specific OPDs and the existence of cross-sector coordination forums, while the main obstacles are limited human resource capacity and insufficient gender-responsive budget allocation. This study reinforces the relevance of policy implementation theory in bridging the gap between normative frameworks and operational practices. Recommendations include ongoing training, mainstreaming sex-disaggregated data, and technical regulations that all OPDs must follow to enhance the effectiveness of PUG.

The implementation of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) has become a key priority of the Semarang City Government's policy in achieving equitable and sustainable health insurance. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the UHC program in Semarang City, focusing on three main aspects: financing, accessibility, and the quality of health services. Additionally, this study examines the effectiveness of the Pangeran Diponegoro Program as a local innovation to accelerate universal coverage achievement. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, with data collected through surveys of 100 respondents, in-depth interviews with policymakers and service providers, and analysis of regional policy documents. The findings show that although UHC membership coverage has reached 99.92%, challenges remain in accessibility and service quality, particularly in the suburban areas and vulnerable populations. The SERVQUAL analysis of service quality shows high scores for empathy and responsiveness but lower scores for reliability and service assurance. The Pangeran Diponegoro Program has proven effective in reaching unregistered groups, but still faces coordination issues between sectors and limited human resources. The study recommends strengthening collaborative governance, improving data verification systems, and developing community-based service innovations to ensure the sustainability of UHC.

This study aims to enhance the understanding of fifth-grade students at SDN 060786 in the subject of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS), specifically the topic "Economic Conditions in My Region," through the use of diorama media. The research uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with the spiral model by Kemmis and McTaggart, which includes the stages of planning, action, observation, and reflection. This study was conducted in two cycles, with data collected through learning outcome tests, observations of the learning process, and interviews with the teacher to gather feedback on the use of diorama media. The results of the study show a significant improvement in both conceptual understanding and learning outcomes of the students after the implementation of diorama media. The students also demonstrated increased engagement in the learning process, becoming more active and motivated to participate in the activities. Moreover, the use of diorama media helped students understand abstract concepts more easily than through text or verbal explanations alone. These findings emphasize that the teacher’s creativity in selecting and utilizing appropriate learning media plays a crucial role in creating an interactive, meaningful, and enjoyable learning environment, ultimately improving the quality of student learning outcomes.

The core issue of this study focuses on the impact of media featuring illustrated words on the pre-reading skills of children in group B at TK Insan Cemerlang in Makassar City. The aim of this research is to determine the extent to which illustrated word media affects the pre-reading abilities of children in group B at the preschool. The methodology employed in this study involves conducting an experiment with a single group design, which includes both pre-tests and post-tests. he research sample is made up of 14 children from the B2 class at TK Insan Cemerlan To gather data, the researcher implemented a checklist technique to assess pre-reading development. Data collection methods included observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted utilizing the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, assisted by IBM SPSS 25 software. The findings of the study indicate a significant effect on children's pre-reading skills after they were exposed to the illustrated word media. The average score for the pre-test was 5. 5, while the average score for the post-test rose to 13. Analysis of the data using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test yielded an Asymp. sig (2-tailed) value of 0. 01, indicating a probability below 0. 05.

The leadership of the school principal and the performance of teachers greatly influence the religious character of education for students. This research aims to describe (1) to determine and analyze the influence of school principal leadership on education with a religious character (2) to determine and analyze the influence of teacher performance on education with a religious character (3) to determine and analyze the influence of principal leadership and teacher performance on education religious character. This research uses quantitative methodology. The population used in this research were students at PAB 10 Medan Estate Middle School. The sample in this research was 50 respondents. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. There are 3 research variables, namely: school principal leadership (X1), teacher performance (X2), and religious character (Y). Data analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression, F test, T test, coefficient of determination test (R2), heteroscedasticity test, multicollinearity test. The results of the research conducted show that the principal's leadership and teacher performance together have a significant effect on religious character.  This can be seen from the results This can be seen from the results of the F test, namely that the Fcount value is 19.936. The conclusion is that Fcount > Ftable (19.936 > 3.20) meaning that the leadership of the principal X1 and the performance of teacher X2 simultaneously influence religious character (Y).

Inguinal hernia is one of the most common abdominal wall disorders, accounting for approximately 75% of all hernia cases, with 50% classified as lateral inguinal hernias, and it occurs more frequently in older adults. We report a 57-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital with a complaint of a lower abdominal mass. The mass initially appeared in the right inguinal region one year prior and subsequently developed in the left inguinal region two months later. The swelling progressively increased in size. Intermittent pain, predominantly on the left side, had been present for the past month without associated nausea, vomiting, or fever. Physical examination revealed a moderately ill general condition, stable vital signs, and a soft, tender mass in both inguinal regions. Based on the clinical history, physical examination, and supporting investigations, the patient was diagnosed with bilateral irreducible lateral inguinal hernia. The patient received intravenous Ringer’s lactate and intravenous ketorolac, followed by an elective herniorrhaphy using Lichtenstein Tension-Free Repair Technique under spinal anesthesia. The operation was completed successfully without intraoperative complications.

Trigona sp. propolis simplicia is widely used by the community as a traditional medicine that has many benefits so that this propolis can treat sore throats, flu, and support the immune system. Propolis cultivation is increasingly developing, but there is no scientific data regarding the standardization of raw propolis simplicia. This study aims to determine the standard parameters of Trigona sp. propolis simplicia from Balikpapan. Specific parameters measured on Trigona sp. propolis simplicia include organoleptic tests, identification of chemical compounds, and tests of water-soluble and ethanol extract levels. Non-specific parameters include water content tests, total ash content tests, and acid-insoluble ash content tests. Trigona sp. propolis simplicia in organoleptic tests has a solid form, a distinctive aromatic odor, a blackish brown color, and a slightly bitter sour taste. Trigona sp. propolis simplicia was positively identified as containing compounds of the alkaloid, flavonoid, triterpenoid/steroid, and tannin groups, while saponins were identified negatively. Trigona sp propolis simplicia has ethanol and water soluble extract content values ​​of 10% ± 0.008 and 14.4% ± 0.003 respectively, the water content value obtained is 1.3% ± 0.002, the total ash content and acid insoluble ash content values ​​are 3.67% ± 0.008 and 1.5% ± 0.005 respectively.

Strengthening the education of students and parents through flagship programs such as Tahfidz Quran, Hizbul Wathan, and Silat Tapak Suci is a noble effort that must be present in Islamic education, especially in the era of information disruption 5.0. The strategic role of teachers, parents, and religious leaders is crucial in shaping a generation that is both faithful and virtuous. Education that integrates religious values and local wisdom serves as a foundation for facing the increasingly complex challenges of the modern world. Therefore, the community service team is committed to sharing the knowledge they possess with parents, teacher councils, and students at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta Muhammadiyah Kota Pariaman. Through this program, it is expected that the understanding and skills in educating children will improve, and the relationship between schools, families, and communities will be strengthened. With proper guidance, it is hoped that future generations will be able to face global challenges while maintaining strong religious and moral principles.

The urgency of improving product marketing effectiveness in Musuk Village, Boyolali, arises because the Ceria Women Farmers Group (KWT Ceria) has been relying on face-to-face sales with limited reach and minimal visual appeal to attract potential buyers. The goal of this training is to enhance the knowledge and skills of KWT Ceria members in product photography and the use of e-commerce platforms to expand market access. The methods applied in this training include interactive lectures on the basic principles of product photography and digital marketing strategies, demonstrations of e-commerce applications, as well as hands-on practice in product photography and uploading photos to online platforms. The post-training evaluation results show a significant increase in participants' knowledge, enhanced technical skills in product photography, and deliverables such as a digital product catalog and e-commerce accounts. The findings demonstrate that product photography and digital marketing training can strengthen the competitive edge of KWT Ceria in the digital era. This training not only provided technical skills but also improved the members' ability to utilize technology to market products more widely and efficiently.

Energy audits are an essential step in supporting the efficiency of electricity utilization, particularly in large-scale commercial buildings such as shopping malls. This study was conducted to measure and analyze electricity consumption at Pollux Malls Paragon Semarang using a direct measurement approach combined with historical monitoring of energy consumption. The main focus of the audit was on the lighting system and the Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system from the Basement to the 6th Floor. Measurement results showed that the Energy Consumption Intensity (ECI) ranged between 39.94–45.20 kWh/m²/month, far above the national efficiency standard (maximum 18.5 kWh/m²/month), indicating a highly wasteful energy usage condition. The two main systems contributing to the largest share of consumption were HVAC and lighting, with a combined estimated share exceeding 60% of the total monthly energy use. Based on the analysis, several energy-saving opportunities were identified, including the replacement of energy-efficient lighting (LED), installation of automatic control systems (light, temperature, and timer sensors), and regular maintenance of HVAC systems. With the implementation of technical, managerial, and operational efficiency strategies, it is estimated that energy consumption savings could reach 20–30%, or around 60,000 kWh per month, without compromising visitor comfort.

This paper seeks to analyze the impact of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach learning approach on the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills in third-grade pupils at SDN 104202 Bandar Setia. This research employed a quantitative method with a nonrandomized pretest-posttest control group design, involving two groups: the control group (III A) without treatment and the experimental group (III B) that received the RME learning approach, with a total sample of 50 students. Both groups were administered pre-test and post-test instruments to measure problem-solving and critical thinking skills. The findings revealed that the application of the RME learning approach significantly improved both skills with p < 0.05. These results confirm that RME is effective in enhancing mathematics learning quality through real-life contexts and students’ direct experiences. The implication highlights the importance of integrating RME in elementary mathematics learning as an alternative strategy to foster critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, as well as providing a reference for future instructional innovations.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) research in Indonesia has undergone significant developments, but its future direction and relevance are still crucial questions. This article aims to map the PAK research landscape and identify key challenges and opportunities through a literature review of publications in national and international journals, theses, and dissertations. The analysis is focused on three aspects: dominant themes, methodology, and contextual relevance. The findings show the dominance of conventional themes such as teaching methods, curriculum, and the role of teachers, with a qualitative approach limited to case studies, making generalizations difficult. Contemporary issues such as religious pluralism, digital media, Generation Z spirituality, integration of faith and knowledge, and inclusive approaches in multicultural contexts are still underexplored. This article proposes the reorientation of PAK research through an interdisciplinary approach (theology with psychology, sociology, media studies), methodological strengthening (longitudinal and mixed-methods studies), and emphasis on Indonesia's socio-cultural reality as a starting point. With this strategy, PAK's research is expected to be able to expand its theoretical contribution while answering practical challenges in shaping the character and spirituality of students in the era of modernity.

By developing a good marketing strategy, entrepreneurs can maintain their business today and consumer satisfaction has an important role in a business, shown through consumer attitudes towards purchasing products sold. This study aims to determine the influence of product quality, service quality and price on consumer satisfaction at La Bella Italia Restaurant, Kota Wisata Cibubur. The research method used is quantitative statistics. The population of this study were consumers who visited to make purchases at La Bella Restaurant, Kota Wisata Cibubur. This study uses a simple random sampling technique without certain specific criteria using the Slovin formula approach by distributing questionnaires to 85 respondents. Data collection methods using observation, interviews and questionnaires with data processing using SPSS 25. Based on the results of the study, it shows that product quality has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction at La Bella Italia Restaurant, Kota Wisata Cibubur. Service quality has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction at La Bella Italia Restaurant, Kota Wisata Cibubur and Price has a significant effect on consumer satisfaction at La Bella Italia Restaurant, Kota Wisata Cibubur. Furthermore, product quality, service quality and price have a significant effect on consumer satisfaction at La Bella Italia Restaurant, Kota Wisata Cibubur.

This study aimed to better understand how factors like price, taste, and location affect how much consumers want to buy Elo Pia Kediri products. The research used a quantitative method because it helps collect objective and measurable information that can be analyzed using statistics to make clear conclusions. The data came from two main places: primary and secondary sources. Primary data was gathered directly from consumers through questionnaires that asked about price, taste, location, and how much they wanted to buy the product. Secondary data was collected from books, articles, and other documents related to the topic. The study included all consumers who had bought Elo Pia Kediri products. However, since the total number of people wasn’t known and was quite large, the researcher selected a representative group. The sample size was 96 people. The method used to choose participants was accidental sampling, which means people were selected randomly or by chance as they were met at the research location and agreed to take part. The results showed that price has a big effect on how much consumers want to buy the product. This means the prices set by Elo Pia Kediri match what consumers can afford and what they think is fair, which helps them decide to buy. When prices are seen as fair, affordable, and matching the quality of the product, it encourages people to make purchases. Taste also strongly influences buying interest. When a product has a tasty and unique flavor that fits what people like, it makes them interested in buying it. Taste is an emotional factor that affects how happy consumers are with the product and makes them want to buy it again. Location also plays a big role in how much people want to buy. A location that is easy to reach and close to where people usually go out makes it easier for them to buy Elo Pia Kediri products. The F test showed that together, price, taste, and location all have a significant impact on how much consumers want to buy the product.  

This study aims to determine the influence of local Bugis cultural values specifically Lempu (honesty and integrity), Temmappasilaingeng (impartial justice), and service quality on customer loyalty through satisfaction in laundry businesses in Watampone. A quantitative approach was employed using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS 4, involving 120 respondents from three major sub-districts in Bone Regency. The results reveal that Lempu culture does not have a significant effect on customer satisfaction (T = 1.498; p = 0.137) or loyalty (T = 0.542; p = 0.589). Similarly, Temmappasilaingeng does not significantly influence satisfaction (T = 0.746; p = 0.457) or loyalty (T = 1.347; p = 0.180). Service quality, however, significantly affects customer satisfaction (T = 4.984; p = 0.000), but does not directly influence loyalty (T = 0.915; p = 0.362). Meanwhile, customer satisfaction significantly impacts loyalty (T = 2.760; p = 0.007). Mediation analysis also shows that customer satisfaction significantly mediates the relationship between service quality and loyalty (T = 2.437; p = 0.016), but not between Lempu (T = 1.318; p = 0.190) or Temmappasilaingeng (T = 0.702; p = 0.484) and loyalty. In conclusion, customer satisfaction is a key factor in building loyalty, and service quality is the dominant factor driving that satisfaction. Although local culture holds essential moral values, its influence on loyalty needs to be realized in the form of tangible service experiences to be directly felt by customers.