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The independent curriculum is the curriculum that is considered the most humanistic among the previous curricula. The birth of the independent curriculum is adapted to current developments which have entered the era of society 5.0, where technology is very closely linked to the lives of every individual at any age, from birth to the elderly. Therefore, the learning process must also undergo changes, by innovating each lesson. Based on this, it requires every educational institution to develop the potential of each human resource. Therefore, the aim of this community service is to facilitate early childhood educators throughout the world to develop their potential in making innovations in learning according to children's current needs. The final result of this PkM is that all educators in the early childhood education unit receive information or curriculum updates, and are able to innovate the independent curriculum in accordance with the culture of their respective school environments.

Education is a conscious effort that is held to explore and develop human capabilities so that a transformation occurs, both in terms of knowledge, behavior, or norms that have been set. Islamic education is different from other education because its size does not only look good or bad. Islamic education must be based on the Koran, which in Islam functions as the main source of law. In addition, Islamic education must also be based on the hadith. The final achievement is that humans have skills in aspects of education that are in harmony with these two main sources of law. So, the final goal is not just to change behavior, or thinking power, but everything must be in tune with the guidance of the Koran and Hadith. Educational and teaching activities can achieve success if supported by good components. Among the main components is the method. That is the way that must be taken by a teacher in educating his soul so as to achieve goals that are in line with the guidance of the Qur'an and Sunnah. The use of appropriate methods will largely determine the outcome of the education and teaching process. Thus, educators must be skilled at choosing and using methods to match the material and teaching material. Not to forget, as educators need to pay attention to several principles in the use of methos,so that teaching methods will lead to successful teaching    

Christian Generation Z is negotiating adulthood within an unusually dense field of uncertainty: unstable work transitions, digital comparison, climate concern, post-pandemic disruption, and shifting religious participation. These conditions intensify future anxiety, understood here as anticipatory apprehension toward an unfavorable personal future. This article aims to construct a pastoral counseling model for Christian Gen Z who experience future anxiety without reducing their distress either to a clinical disorder alone or to insufficient faith. Because no field data were collected, the study uses a constructive conceptual design grounded in an integrative literature review, practical theological reasoning, and a critical synthesis of psychological, pastoral, and youth mental health scholarship published before 2024. The analysis identifies three main findings. First, future anxiety among Christian Gen Z is best interpreted as a narrative disruption of agency, meaning, belonging, and hope. Second, pastoral counseling requires an integrative stance that combines spiritual competence, evidence-informed anxiety care, digital awareness, and ecclesial accompaniment. Third, the article proposes the SELAH model: Situational-spiritual assessment, Empathic presence, Lament and meaning reconstruction, Adaptive agency planning, and Hope-building ecclesial accompaniment. The model offers a non-reductive framework for churches, counselors, and Christian educators while emphasizing referral, ethical boundaries, and further empirical testing.

This study discusses the crucial role of parents in building the religious foundation of children, focusing on the perspective of Christian religious education theology. Parents are viewed as primary agents in shaping the faith and spiritual values ​​of children. Through a theological approach, this study explores how parents can fulfill their role as religious educators within the household. Concepts such as communal prayer, scripture reading, and other religious practices are important in building the religious foundation of children. Additionally, the study outlines the importance of parents understanding Christian theology as the basis for the religious education of their children. By considering the principles of Christian religious education theology, parents can guide their children towards healthy spiritual growth and strengthen their relationship with God. Practical implications of this study include the implementation of contextual and relevant religious education methods tailored to the needs of children, as well as parents' efforts to consistently serve as models of faith for them. Thus, a profound understanding of the role of parents in building the religious foundation of children from the perspective of Christian religious education theology can provide valuable guidance for religious education practices at the household level.

This study investigates the challenges faced by educators teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) in multilingual classrooms. By analyzing classroom dynamics, language barriers, and teaching strategies, the research identifies key issues such as student motivation, varying proficiency levels, and cultural diversity. The article proposes several strategies, including differentiated instruction, collaborative learning, and the integration of technology, to address these challenges and enhance ESL learning outcomes.

This study examines the impact of differentiated learning models in inclusive educational settings, focusing on their effect on student participation, motivation, and academic performance. Differentiated instruction (DI) adapts content, teaching methods, and assessments to meet the diverse learning styles, interests, and abilities of students. Using a mixed methods approach, the research combines quantitative and qualitative data to explore how DI influences engagement and academic outcomes in diverse classrooms. The findings show that DI significantly increased student participation, as lessons tailored to individual strengths encouraged more active involvement. Motivation also improved, with students displaying higher intrinsic motivation when engaging with relevant material at their own pace. Additionally, academic performance improved, especially for students who had struggled with traditional teaching methods. These results suggest that DI is an effective strategy for inclusive education, particularly for students with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND). The study emphasizes the importance of teacher training and ongoing professional development for successful DI implementation. The implications are significant for global educational settings, where classrooms are becoming more diverse. By adopting differentiated strategies, educators can create more equitable and inclusive learning experiences. Future research should explore the long-term effects of DI in various cultural and educational contexts.

This study focuses on developing a global curriculum model that integrates intercultural and multilingual competencies to enhance students’ academic and communicative skills. The proposed framework emphasizes flexibility, inclusivity, and adaptability, combining theoretical knowledge with practical applications to help students thrive in multicultural, multilingual, and digitally mediated global contexts. Using a qualitative curriculum design approach, the study examines the integration of intercultural competence and multilingual education into existing curricula, offering a model adaptable to diverse educational settings. It further explores the impact of this curriculum on students' ability to communicate across cultural and linguistic boundaries, highlighting the importance of digital literacy and global communication skills. The findings indicate that the intercultural model enhances students' academic performance and global citizenship, preparing them for international collaborations and addressing global challenges. Additionally, the curriculum's adaptability ensures its alignment with digital education demands, making it relevant in today’s evolving educational landscape. The research underscores the importance of curricula that embrace cultural diversity and linguistic multiplicity, promoting inclusivity and preparing students for the complexities of an interconnected world. The study concludes with practical recommendations for educators, policymakers, and curriculum developers to implement intercultural and multilingual frameworks globally, ensuring students are equipped with the necessary skills for success in the digital and globalized world.

This study explores the relationship between digital literacy and student engagement in language education. With the increasing integration of technology in modern education, digital literacy has become a fundamental skill, influencing various aspects of academic participation. The research employs a correlational design and utilizes Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze the impact of digital literacy on cognitive, behavioral, and emotional engagement in language learning. The findings suggest that students with higher levels of digital literacy demonstrate greater cognitive engagement, including improved critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. Additionally, digital literacy was found to positively influence behavioral engagement, such as increased participation, effort, and persistence in learning tasks. Furthermore, emotional engagement, measured by students' enjoyment, interest, and sense of belonging, was strongly associated with digital literacy. This study highlights the critical role of digital literacy in fostering deeper engagement and improving overall learning outcomes in language education. Implications for practice include the integration of digital literacy skills into language curricula, with educators encouraged to incorporate digital tools to enhance engagement. The study also calls for further research to examine the long-term effects of digital literacy on academic performance and to explore the potential disparities in digital literacy levels across different student populations. As educational technology continues to evolve, understanding its impact on student engagement remains essential for developing effective teaching practices that meet the needs of contemporary learners.

The learning of physics, particularly mechanics, poses significant challenges for high school students. Concepts such as Newton’s laws, energy, and three-dimensional vectors are often difficult to grasp using traditional teaching methods. Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a promising solution by providing an immersive and interactive learning environment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of VR-based learning media in enhancing students’ understanding of physics concepts, with a specific focus on mechanics. An experimental design was employed, consisting of two groups: an experimental group using VR for learning and a control group receiving traditional instruction. Pre-test and post-test assessments were used to measure the improvement in students' conceptual understanding of physics. The findings indicate that students in the experimental group demonstrated a significant improvement in their understanding of complex physics concepts, such as projectile motion, force, and Newton’s laws, compared to the control group. Students in the experimental group also exhibited higher levels of engagement and motivation, with VR's immersive nature encouraging active participation in learning. The study concludes that VR is an effective tool for enhancing students’ comprehension of abstract and complex physics concepts, improving their visualization and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, VR-based learning provides students with opportunities to conduct virtual experiments and simulations that may not be possible in traditional classroom settings. The implications of this study suggest that VR should be integrated into the physics curriculum to improve learning outcomes, especially in schools with access to the necessary technology. Educators and curriculum developers are encouraged to explore VR’s potential in fostering a more engaging and effective physics education.

This journal discusses the nature of students and their development in Islamic education. The nature of students includes an understanding of the nature, characteristics and potential of the individual who is learning. Islamic education aims to develop students holistically, including intellectual, moral, emotional, social and spiritual aspects. Teachers have an important role in understanding students and designing effective teaching strategies. This paper explores the basic concepts of students in Islam, the factors that influence their development, and the role of teachers in optimizing students' potential. The presentation of this paper can provide insight to educators and practitioners of Islamic education to improve the quality of the educational process.

Instructional media plays a crucial role in achieving educational objectives. Educators need to develop teaching strategies using various appropriate media and learning resources. Currently, GASING mathematics instructional media only consists of modules, PowerPoint, and teaching aids. This indicates the untapped potential in utilizing instructional media such as animated videos as engaging and effective learning tools. Based on this issue, the researcher employed the GASING method in the subject of mathematics, specifically focusing on multiplying 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers. This study aims to ascertain the development process and feasibility of animated videos using Powtoon. These animated videos were developed using the ADDIE model. Based on validation results by language experts, an average of 98.33% was obtained, while content experts yielded an average percentage of 78.18%. Furthermore, media experts achieved an average percentage of 90.67%, and individual trials (One to One) resulted in an average percentage of 85.64%. Based on the validation results by experts, it can be concluded that animated video instructional media using Powtoon in mathematics with the GASING method as the developed instructional media is highly suitable for field use, as evidenced by the average percentage of feasibility obtained being 88.21% (very feasible).  

This research used an experimental design, and the data were processed using SPSS version 25 for Windows, with a sample of 20 Grade V students. Data collection for this research used Pretest, Treatment/Action in the form of implementing the board game "Cultural Exploration of Panrita Lopi". After the action was completed, a Posttest was conducted to measure the students' reading comprehension skills once again. This data was used to compare the results before and after the intervention.The results of the research clearly show that there was a significant improvement in the reading comprehension skills of Grade V students at SDN 131 Bontobana after the implementation of the board game "Cultural Exploration of Panrita Lopi." This indicates that the game can be used as an effective learning tool in improving students' reading comprehension skills.This research can contribute to knowledge in the field of education and learning. Through this research, new information about the use of the cultural exploration game of Panrita Lopi in improving the reading comprehension skills of Grade V students can be collected and presented, thus helping to expand our understanding of effective learning strategies. This research can also provide a better understanding of the relationship between cultural exploration games and reading comprehension skills. The results of this research can be used to develop better theories and learning models that can be used by educators and researchers in the future.

The background about the truth of educators and learners in the philosophy of Islamic education is based on the fundamental principles of Islam and its philosophical views. The Islamic philosophy of education emphasizes the importance of education as a means of achieving the ultimate goal of mankind, which is to approach God, to attain wisdom, and to build a just and moral society. The extent of the Quran in the concept of education has prompted the author to dig one of these concepts, for that in this study the author will try to expose a little about one of the concepts such, that is, that relates to the subject of education in the hope of being able to better understand how subjects of education according to the Quran. The study discussed in this article is a library study that attempts to present in a descriptive way with qualitative and library research methods i.e. library-based research, in the process of data collection, researchers conduct research and analyze library sources obtained from theories from literary books. (library research). One of the important elements in the educational process is the educator. In general, educators are those who have the responsibility to educate. While in particular, the educators in the perspective of Islamic education are the people who are responsible for the development of pupils by seeking to develop all potential pupils, both affective, cognitive, and psychomotor potential in accordance with the values of the teachings of Islam. While pupils are subjects and objects of education that require guidance of others (educators) to help direct and develop the potential that they have. The relationship between the teacher and the student gives each other inseparable roles, the task of the educator is to help the student to be able to adapt to himself and the various challenges of his life, while the role of the pedagogue is as a leader and educator in a society and at the same time as a member of the community, so that the teacher or educators are required in improving their duties and roles. In order to advance education and Islamic needs to be a balance between Islamic and general insight. For that, educators and pupils really must perform their duties and duties well.

This article reviews the importance of management of educational facilities and infrastructure in the perspective of Qur'anic verses. The discussion of educational facilities and infrastructure is described as an integral part of education management, which includes various components such as curriculum, materials, methods, educators, students, and infrastructure. In this context, understanding of the role of facilities and infrastructure as a key factor in education is still somewhat lacking, which can hinder the learning process to be not optimal. This research uses a literature study method with an analytical-descriptive approach. The results of the study confirm that the management of educational facilities and infrastructure is a process that aims to manage and utilize all educational facilities and infrastructure effectively. The importance of infrastructure management is reinforced by views derived from verses of the Qur'an. The purpose of the management of educational facilities and infrastructure is to ensure that educational institutions are able to provide services professionally so that the learning process can take place effectively and efficiently. The implementation of management of educational facilities and infrastructure includes planning, organizing, implementing and utilizing, inventory, and supervision and maintenance. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the management of educational facilities and infrastructure must be based on principles that ensure smooth learning activities in educational institutions.  

Elections are a means to determine the fate of the nation for the next five years. For this reason, it is necessary to provide understanding through political education to the public, especially students who are classified as beginner voters with the aim of building student participation to participate in elections. As educators who have an important role in providing education in the field of politics to students, this research will analyze the role of political education in building student participation in elections. The aim of this research is to find out the role of political education in increasing student participation in the 2024 elections. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The respondents or samples for this research were 120 FISIPOL UGN students. Based on the research results, it was concluded that students' understanding and knowledge of elections is still lacking due to the lack of political education provided. Student participation in taking part in the upcoming elections is in the good category, but still needs improvement because students' awareness of election participation is still limited to exercising their right to vote. Good education and students' low political attitudes will influence students' mindsets about things that can be followed in the implementation of elections.

Implementation of the VARK Model (Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing, Kinesthetic) in the context of classroom mastery is a strategy that can provide a more inclusive and effective approach in increasing student achievement. This research aims to explore how implementing the VARK model can improve students' learning experiences and their academic performance. The research method used is a literature study which involves analysis of relevant sources regarding the VARK concept and its application in an educational context. The research results show that by understanding diverse learning preferences, educators can design learning experiences that better suit students' individual needs. Through the integration of different learning strategies, such as the use of pictures and diagrams for visual students, group discussions for auditory students, reading and writing assignments for students who prefer learning through text, as well as practical activities or experiments for kinesthetic students, students can be more engaged in learning and gaining a deeper understanding. This research also highlights the importance of flexibility in teaching, adapting to changing student learning preferences, and evaluating the effectiveness of the learning strategies used. Although the VARK model has advantages in providing guidance for inclusive teaching, it is important to remember that students' learning preferences can change and that various factors also influence students' academic performance.

Before a teacher uses a test, the teacher should first measure the degree of validity based on certain criteria. The aim of this research is to increase students' skills competency through exploring the nation's historical values in short stories. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive methods with the subjects of this research being class students at SMA Negeri 6 Kota Serang in the odd semester. The results of the research that has been carried out show that the learning that educators have carried out has resulted in students gaining good or very good skill competencies. This cannot be separated from the treatment carried out by teachers, namely the selection of project-based learning models, the selection of varied methods, the use of learning technology, and the design of student-centred activities.

Inclusive education is an education service by including children with special needs and or experiencing obstacles in access to education to obtain quality education together with other students in general, but problems in the field are still found in the condition of institutions that do not have the availability of infrastructure, competent educators and support from parents who have children with special needs.  This also happened at KB / TK Alam Efata Bersinar, so a community service activity was designed Focus Group Discussion (FGD) Implementation of Inclusive Education Services facilitated by the PG PAUD UKSW community service team to increase teachers' understanding and skills in preparing and implementing learning in inclusive classes to support the development of students, especially early childhood with special needs. The results of this activity were able to increase the average conceptual understanding of respondents with a percentage reaching 60% for all discussion topics and FGD material on the theme of organizing inclusive education provided

The COVID-19 pandemic forced educators worldwide to rapidly adapt to online learning platforms. This research explores teachers’ perceptions of this transition in a range of subjects and educational levels. Through qualitative interviews with 50 educators, the study identifies key challenges, such as technical difficulties and lack of student engagement, alongside opportunities for innovation and personalized learning. Findings suggest that while online teaching posed significant hurdles, it also provided teachers with new ways to engage students and improve pedagogical practices.

The problem at Maharani Private High School is that teachers or educators still use conventional methods so that students become passive in class and students' low understanding of the subject of geography, lithosphere material, which still contains many concepts, makes students feel bored, lazy, and this affects the results. learning and obtained by students whose grades do not meet the standard criteria for maximum completeness. The minimum standard for completion criteria (KKM) in geography subjects at Maharani Private High School is 75. This classroom action research aims to 1) find out the application of the jigsaw type cooperative learning model, 2) to find out the development of class X students' learning outcomes regarding lithosphere materials and types of rocks after using a jigsaw type learning model. The method used in this research is classroom action research or PTK using a jigsaw type cooperative learning model for class X students with research subjects of 20 students. The location of this research is Maharani Private High School for the 2022/2023 academic year, Weliman District, Malaka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This classroom action research was carried out in two cycles consisting of four stages including planning, observation, implementation and reflection. This research data was analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The results of this research show that using the jigsaw type cooperative learning model can improve the learning outcomes of class X SMA students on lithosphere material. The research results obtained for the first cycle of student learning outcomes were 6 students who completed with a percentage of 30% and as many as 14 students who did not complete or 70% of the 20 students, meanwhile, in cycle II the students who completed experienced an increase, namely 19 students. or as many as 95% and 1 student who did not complete or only 5% in cycle II. It can be concluded that using the jigsaw type learning model can significantly improve student learning outcomes in geography subjects on lithosphere material at Maharani Private High School for the 2022/2023 academic year.