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The purpose of this article study is to analyze the Role of Christian Religious Education (PAK) in Building Student Character to Avoid Cohabitation Behavior. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through unstructured interviews, non-participant observation, and literature studies from relevant journals and books. The results of the study indicate that although PAK teaches moral values ​​such as love, honesty, and responsibility, many students have difficulty in implementing them due to the influence of a loose boarding environment and peer pressure. Students are often trapped in unhealthy relationships and ignore Christian principles because they feel pressured to follow the behavior of others. In addition, social skills such as interaction and empathy that should be developed through PAK are also hampered by social norms around them. This study emphasizes the need for social support and a contextual educational approach so that students can more effectively apply moral values ​​in social interactions. To reduce cohabitation behavior, educational institutions need to create an environment that supports the implementation of PAK values ​​consistently.

English has become an important subject at the elementary school level, unlike when it was introduced at the middle school level. Today, English is included in the curriculum of elementary schools, as well as in kindergartens and early childhood education. English is introduced through enjoyable informal methods, such as playing and singing, to align with students' development. This aims to provide a strong foundation in foreign language acquisition. However, teaching English in remote areas like Samuda Kecil still faces challenges, such as a lack of resources and facilities. Digital technology, such as interactive videos from YouTube, is one innovation that has addressed these obstacles. The community service group at Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, who teaches at SDN 1 Samuda Kecil, uses the interactive video "Days of the Week" as a teaching medium. This video helps students listen to correct pronunciations and increases their motivation to learn. As a result, students find it easier to remember vocabulary and show significant improvement in understanding the material. Interactive media like this has proven effective in enhancing the quality of English learning in remote areas.

In the Digital Age, digital media—especially the internet and social media—has profoundly changed the way people communicate and interact with each other. The development of this technology has provided several benefits, including the creation of virtual communities, easy access to information, and the ability to engage in discussions. In addition, digital technology influences the way people worship and improves interpersonal relationships and communication. Although digital technology offers many advantages in terms of social interaction and access to information, it is important to monitor and ensure that digital technology is used responsibly and in a way that benefits society as a whole. This study uses a descriptive, qualitative research approach with triangulation data collection, the object of this study is social media accounts used by the community. A qualitative descriptive approach is used to analyze and interpret the content of religious media. The author can analyze the text, images, or videos in religious media to understand the messages conveyed, the representation of religion, or the communication patterns that occur. Based on the results of the study, there are advantages and disadvantages in the relationship between human life and technological advances, especially mass media. Although religious messages and public understanding are greatly enhanced by mass media, there are also disadvantages, such as the spread of misleading information. To reduce the negative impact of mass media, it is important to use it responsibly and monitor it.

Curriculum is very important in education. The Merdeka Curriculum brings a new way of teaching and learning between students and teachers. Christian religious education is also implemented in the Merdeka curriculum. As a subject that must instill Christian values. PAK teachers must prepare a lesson plan sheet and various new strategies in teaching that are based on students' freedom to develop their experiences and skills.  

This study examines the integration of science and religion based on Quranic verses at MTs Raudlatul Hasaniyah Mojolegi Gading Probolinggo, focusing on the Big Bang theory, embryology, and atmospheric layers. The research investigates how the school implements this integration through training and seminars involving academics, scholars, scientists, and teachers. The aim is to provide deeper insights to educators, students, and the surrounding community about the relationship between scientific discoveries and religious teachings, especially as reflected in Quranic verses. The findings suggest that integrating science and religion enriches students' understanding of both the natural world and the greatness of God, showing that science and religion can complement each other. This approach helps teachers incorporate scientific concepts with religious teachings, fostering a more holistic and contextual understanding among students.

Interfaith marriage is a complex issue with far-reaching legal, religious and social implications. This research analyzes the role of Islamic law in addressing interfaith marriage, focusing on the dynamics between harmonization and conflict. Through a literature review and survey, this research identifies the factors that influence the acceptance or rejection of interfaith marriage from an Islamic perspective. According to the questionnaire survey results, the majority of respondents rejected interfaith marriage absolutely, reflecting the strong traditional views in the Muslim community. However, there are also groups that allow these marriages under certain conditions, such as one of the couple converting. This shows the plurality of views in Islamic society regarding the issue of interfaith marriage. This shows the dynamics between religious norms and complex social realities in the context of interfaith marriage globally. Although Islamic law generally prohibits interfaith marriage, social practice shows that there are variations in its application.

The Marriage Law regulates the minimum age limit for marriage is 19 (nineteen) years, but in practice underage marriages still often occur so that these marriages cannot be registered. Marriage dispensation becomes the legal legitimacy so that underage marriages can be registered in accordance with the provisions of Article 2 paragraph (2) of the Marriage Law. Marriage dispensation is obtained through the courts by involving the application of civil procedural law principles, including the principle of passive judges. This study aims to obtain an overview of the application of the passive judge principle and the limitations of active judges to the application for marriage dispensation at the Soreang Religious Court in relation to civil procedural law in the case of the application for underage marriage dispensation in Decision Number 421/Pdt.P/2023/PA.Sor. The research method and legal writing are carried out using a normative legal approach sourced from primary data and secondary data. Primary data is taken through interviews, then the secondary data used comes from literature studies. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the application of the passive judge principle in marriage dispensation cases is dynamic and adjusted to the best interests of the child. The active role of the judge in providing advice and conducting in-depth examinations does not conflict with the passive judge principle, but is an effort to ensure a fair decision and protect the rights of the child.

Religion has a very important role in human life on this earth. Religion functions as a harmonizer of life. In the context of social change, religion directs change for the better. Religious teachings have a great influence in unifying people's perceptions of life. The presence of religion functions as a "social glue", fostering a sense of solidarity, creating peace, social control, bringing society towards safety, changing a person's life into a better life, motivating at work and a set of roles, all of which are in the context of maintaining social stability.

The research results show that there is a significant relationship between the value symbiosis paradigm and job satisfaction eudaimonia on organizational behavior. Well-implemented Islamic values ​​support eudaimonic job satisfaction, which in turn increases the transformation of more positive organizational behavior. Faculty and staff who feel there is alignment between their work and their values ​​tend to work better and demonstrate behavior that supports organizational goals.

This Abstract Outlines The Historical Role Of The Christian Church In Governance, Especially In The Western World. From Its Early Development, The Church Wielded Considerable Influence Over Social And Political Affairs, Particularly After Christianity Became The Official Religion Of The Roman Empire In The 4th Century. Beyond Its Religious Duties, The Church Served As A Powerful Social, Moral, And Legal Authority In Medieval Europe. Through Canon Law, It Governed Various Facets Of Societal Life, Including Marriage, Inheritance, And Social Norms, And Validated The Power Of Rulers Through The “Divine Right” Doctrine. However, The Protestant Reformation Of The 16th Century Marked A Major Shift, Promoting A Separation Of Church And State That Influenced The Rise Of Secular Governance Systems. The Protestant Church Championed Religious Freedom And Individual Autonomy, Foundations For Modern Pluralism And Democracy. In The Contemporary Era, While The Church’s Formal Governance Role Has Declined, It Remains A Moral Voice, Particularly On Social Issues, Justice, And Human Rights. This Study Concludes That The Church's Role In Governance Has Evolved From A Political And Legal Authority To A More Inclusive Moral And Social Role In A Progressively Secular Society.

religious extremism often arises from a narrow understanding of religious teachings, which leads to hatred and violence. leading to hatred and violence. This article examines how the teaching ofradical love in the Gospel of Luke can be a solution to overcome religious extremism. religious extremism. Radical love in Luke teaches the importance of loving enemies, accepting unconditionally, and promoting peace. This teaching has three main functions: encouraging change in individuals and society, reducing tensions between groups, and replacing hatred with love.As such, Luke's radical love becomes a practical approach to create peace and reduce conflicts brought about by extremism in society.

The positive impact of the ecumenical movement can be seen in its influence on inter-religious harmony. By promoting dialogue, mutual understanding, and cooperation on humanitarian issues, the movement helps create space for interfaith solidarity. Several concrete initiatives, such as cooperation in disaster management, inclusive education, and peace campaigns, are examples of how the ecumenical spirit can be translated into concrete actions that strengthen relations between religious communities. In the context of Indonesian society, this movement also contributes to strengthening a national identity that respects differences but still upholds unity.

The phenomenon of nikah siri and underage marriage in Indonesia reflects complex legal and social challenges. Although Law No. 1/1974 and its revision through Law No. 16/2019 have set the minimum age for marriage at 19 years, the practice remains widespread, particularly in rural areas. Nikah siri, which are not officially recorded, are often performed for economic reasons, ignorance of the law, or social pressure. As a result, couples and children from these marriages face legal uncertainty, such as difficulties in obtaining birth certificates, inheritance rights, and legal protection. This research uses normative legal research methods. Isbat nikah emerged as a solution to legalize unregistered marriages, including for underage couples. However, this mechanism poses a dilemma: on the one hand it provides legal protection for couples and children, but on the other hand it opens a loophole to legitimize child marriages that violate the principles of child protection and gender equality. The role of the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) and Religious Courts is crucial in enforcing the law and preventing abuse of isbat nikah. Through this research, it is recommended that regulations be tightened, communities educated and KUAs strengthened to ensure harmony between formal law and community needs, while still protecting children's rights.

This study examines the urgency and implementation of innovation in Islamic religious education curriculum in responding to the challenges of the modern era. Islamic religious education not only functions as a medium for transferring religious knowledge, but also as a means of character formation and mastery of life skills amidst the development of science and technology. Using a qualitative-descriptive research method through a literature study approach, this study analyzes the historical journey of the curriculum from pre-independence to reform, as well as the challenges and opportunities faced in innovation in Islamic higher education. The results of the study indicate that innovation in Islamic religious education curriculum is very important to improve the quality of education, integrate Islamic values ​​with technological advances, and form competent individuals in the era of globalization. However, challenges such as resistance to change, gaps in technology adoption, and the need to maintain the authenticity of religious teachings require a strategic approach. This study recommends the development of an adaptive curriculum that remains based on Islamic values ​​to realize a relevant, inclusive, and transformative Islamic religious education system for modern society.    

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tanaman budidaya yang disukai oleh kelompok Macaca hecki di Perkebunan Masyarakat Taluditi, Pohuwato Gorontalo. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan observasi langsung terhadap perilaku makan primata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat delapan jenis tanaman budidaya yang dikonsumsi oleh Macaca hecki, jenis tanaman budidaya paling dominan dikonsumsi adalah jagung (Zea mays) dan kakao (Theobroma cacao). Interaksi antara primata dan praktik pertanian masyarakat berpotensi menimbulkan konflik, sehingga pemahaman mengenai preferensi makanan primata sangat penting untuk mengembangkan strategi budidaya yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan bagi petani dalam memilih tanaman yang tidak hanya bernilai ekonomis, tetapi juga ramah lingkungan dan berkontribusi pada pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati. Kata kunci: Macaca hecki, tanaman budidaya, pertanian berkelanjutan, konflik manusia-satwa liar.

The Strategy of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Overcoming Student Learning Difficulties in Islamic Religious Education Subjects at SDN 15 Ampang Gadang, namely providing opportunities for students to develop their potentials or abilities optimally, and students' thinking power is actively stimulated which makes students Be diligent. By using this strategy, students are more active and often repeat their learning materials. Second, change the teaching method with a method that suits the student's ability, namely using a project-based method that makes students more active and pay more attention to the lesson. Three, giving special attention to students with Learning Disorder (learning disorder) so as to foster a sense of love, affection, and provide attention savings that can be applied to students with Learning.

This study aims to analyze children's religious and moral values during activities involving watching Islamic animated films at TK Al-Huda Kindergarten, South City District, Gorontalo City. The research employed a qualitative method. The subjects of this study were five educators and students, while the object focused on observing how children's religious and moral values were reflected during the activity. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation.The results of the study indicated that the inculcation of religious and moral values in children through the activity of watching Islamic animated films at Al-Huda Kindergarten had been implemented effectively. This was evident in children's improved understanding of religious and moral concepts, such as in the religious aspect, where children became accustomed to greeting and responding to greetings, praying before and after activities, practicing prayer every Friday, and memorizing short surahs. Additionally, behaviors such as honesty, social care, responsibility, mutual assistance, and other positive attitudes also developed well.

The purpose of conducting research on the implementation of the PAK independent curriculum is to find out the problems in its implementation, teachers are the main implementers of this curriculum in the field. By understanding their perspectives and experiences, we can find the problems they face and what is needed for the successful implementation of the curriculum. The research method used is to use a qualitative method with a literature review approach, namely looking for sources that are considered relevant to be used as sources for writing. Based on the results obtained, there are several difficulties or problems in its implementation, for example one of them is the reduction in human resources in this case, namely educators, and other things. The Merdeka Belajar curriculum focuses on important material, is flexible for teachers and students, and is project and character-based. By increasing teacher understanding, increasing resources, increasing parental participation, and developing a more contextual curriculum, it is hoped that the quality of religious education can be improved.

Character formation of children in Christian religious education faces new challenges in the digital era. This journal discusses the challenges and solutions in character formation of children in the digital era. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature review (library research). The results of the study indicate that there are challenges that must be faced when education is faced with the era of technology that is increasingly developing rapidly. However, if the use of technology is wise, parental supervision, and effective religious education can help shape strong children's characters and this is a very good solution to help the development of students, especially in the scope of Christian Religious Education.

The code of ethics serves as a guideline for educators in carrying out their professional duties, especially in Christian Religious Education (PAK). This study aims to explore the role of the code of ethics in improving the quality of PAK learning. Using a qualitative approach, this study utilized literature studies, observations, and interviews with PAK teachers at the secondary school level. The findings indicate that consistent application of the code of ethics helps create a conducive learning environment, while deepening students' understanding of Christian values. By adhering to the code of ethics, teachers can act professionally, fairly, and with integrity, thereby increasing trust between teachers and students. In addition, the code of ethics is an important guide in overcoming learning challenges, such as the diversity of student backgrounds and curriculum changes. This study concludes that the code of ethics has an important role in improving the quality of PAK learning through strengthening teacher character and creating an inclusive learning atmosphere.