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It is customary in the military world that unit commanders are responsible for the actions taken by their subordinates in carrying out their duties. This also includes violations occurring in war. This research uses a normative juridical research type with library study data collection techniques. The approach used in this research is a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The result of this research is that not all subordinate mistakes can be included in command responsibility which is also borne by the superior or unit commander. This is because command accountability must at least fulfill several elements which include, the existence of a superior and subordinate relationship, the superior's knowledge of crimes committed by his subordinates, and the existence of failure to act, namely action that fails to be taken to prevent, punish and stop criminal acts committed by his subordinates.

Natural law is everything that exists in accordance with the rules of the universe. This law also proves that there are fundamental demands in human life that are evident in their existence as reasonable beings. Humans should not follow their irrational instincts, but rather considerations of reason and moral sense. In Indonesia, this is regulated in Law No. 5/1960 on the Basic Regulation of Agrarian Principles (UUPA). With the regulation of this Law, the Indonesian people have the legality of land ownership in this case the rights and legal protection for the land owned and used for survival. But currently there is still a lack of socialization of rural communities, especially inland, of the importance of ownership of legal land ownership certificates.

This article aims to examine the principle of French religion being secular, or laïcité. France adopted this principle in 1905. This principle separates religious and state affairs, including state interference in religious worship. This principle also aims to protect the freedom of French people to adhere to or not adhere to religion and prevent religion from entering state institutions, one of which is education. The method used in this research is library research, namely a method of collecting data by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to the research.

The purpose of this research is to analyse the liability of farmers who make defaults on savings and loan agreements at KSP Kopdit Pintu Air Lembor branch. The type of research used by the author is Empirical Legal research, the type of data used in this research is qualitative data. The data used in the research based on the relevance of the source data, namely primary and secondary data. The results of this study are that the reasons for the default of farmers on savings and loan agreements at KSP Kopdit Pintu Air Lembor Branch as follows are reduced rice yields and crop failure. The existence of traditional events such as marriage, death and school parties. Income is divided due to financing the education of their children and financing sick families. Farmers borrow from local businesses and communities. Farmers are members of other cooperatives and make loans. Government programmes to improve irrigation have caused farmers not to plant rice. Liability for default by Farmers on savings and loan agreements, namely continuing to pay principal + interest + dues every month and Farmers can repay loans in the form of as much as the member or Farmer can pay or repay the loan and Farmers continue to pay monthly even though only to cover the interest.

Character education is a system of instilling character values in school members which includes components of knowledge, intelligence or will, and actions to implement these values. Character education is a deliberate effort to build good character based on core virtues that are objectively good for individuals and society. The research method used is a qualitative method involving data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews. The data collected was then analyzed inductively, namely by identifying patterns, themes and concepts that emerged from the data. The purpose of this literature is to determine teacher strategies and creativity as an effort to improve character education for students. The results of the research show that the improvement efforts made by teachers at RA Maghfirah have been very good, teachers always accustom children to what they have been taught. The strategy used by teacher RA Maghfirah in forming children's character is related to habitual activities. The implication of this research is that it is hoped that teachers can use various models, methods and learning media to increase students' creative thinking.

The people of the Banceuy traditional village, Sanca Village, Ciater District, Subang Regency have a unique tradition of expressing gratitude for natural products, especially rice (Oryza sativa), which has been carried out since the time of their ancestors and is known as the Ngaruwat Bumi ceremony. Ngaruwat Bumi is a traditional ceremony that is routinely held every year at the end of the month of Rayagung. This research aims to analyze ethnobotanical studies on the Ngaruwat Bumi ceremony in the Banceuy Indigenous village community. The research was carried out in three stages, namely literature study, interviews, and data processing and analysis. The data taken is primary data and secondary data. Primary data is data obtained directly in the field through interviews with respondents. Meanwhile, secondary data is data obtained from previously existing research or publications. Sampling used a purposive random sampling method with 15 respondents. The research results showed that six types of plants were used in the Ngaruwat traditional ceremonies carried out by the people of the Banceuy traditional village, namely Oryza sativa, Arenga pinnata, Cocos nucifera, Cordyline fruticosa, Coleus scutellarioides, Justicia gendarussa, and Musa paradisiaca.

This study aims to determine the significant effect of self confidence on students' critical thinking skills. The hypothesis in this study is that there is a significant effect of self-confidence on the ability to think critically mathematically.This type of research is correlational. The population in this study were all VIII grade students as many as 6 classes totaling 188 students. The research sample was taken randomly 30 students. The data in this study are in the form of self confidence questionnaire and mathematical critical thinking skills questions. The data analysis technique uses correlation analysis. The results of this study obtained t_0 = 3.391 and t_table = 1.70 at the real level α = 0.05. This shows that t_0> t_table which means H_(0) is rejected or H_1 is accepted which states that there is a significant effect of self confidence on the critical thinking skills of class VIII students. The effect of self-confidence on mathematical critical thinking ability is a moderate relationship with r_(Xy) = 0.54 and obtained a coefficient of determination of 29.16%

A network is a system in which computing devices are connected to each other and can share data and resources. To establish a connection, these network devices follow certain rules called communication protocols, both through physical and wireless technology. The performance level of a Wi-Fi network, for example inside a building, can be measured by how well users receive the Wi-Fi signal. The goal of this network is to establish timely and precise communication between users and data senders. A successful Internet connection often depends on receiving a strong and consistent signal, while a fluctuating or weak signal is undesirable. A commonly used approach to measure the average Wi-Fi signal level in a building without needing to understand every detail of the building layout is to use Single Slope Modeling (1SM). This model bases its calculations on the distance between the sending and receiving devices, so it can be used to analyze the performance of Wi-Fi networks, as is done in the case of educational institution buildings. Apart from that, in an effort to optimize network performance, a genetic algorithm was also created which was implemented using the PHP language. This algorithm is based on the principles of genetic algorithms to overcome optimization problems that may arise in the context of such networks.

This research aims to improve students' initial reading skills using audio-visual media in class I UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan. This research is Classroom Action Research, the subject of this research is class 1, totaling 30 students consisting of 18 boys and 12 girls. This research was carried out for 3 weeks. The implementation of this action was carried out during three 3 teaching and learning process meetings and at every third meeting there was a learning evaluation results test. This research was carried out as part of the Teaching Profession Strengthening (P2K) activities which started on September 11 2023 for the 2023/2024 academic year. The results of the research show that during the learning process there is a change in students' attitudes during the learning process in accordance with the results of observations, namely by applying reading skills through audio-visual media assisted by image media, it can increase students' self-confidence to ask both the teacher and their friends about material they don't know. understandable and can increase student attendance, and improve student reading skills with audio-visual media. So, beginning reading skills through audio-visual media are suitable for use in this class. This can be seen from the increase in learning outcomes for class I students at UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan, after learning initial reading skills through audio-visual media.    

This research aims to improve students' cursive writing skills through guided writing-based student worksheets in class III B at SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan. This research is classroom action research, the subjects of this research were 22 students consisting of 9 men and 13 women. The implementation of this action was carried out for three weeks, where each week one meeting included learning and assessment. The presentation of the first cycle material began on 14 September 2023 and the first cycle test was on 18 September 2023. The presentation of the second cycle material was carried out on 23 October 2023. The results of the study showed that there were 67.1% (15 students) showing good cursive writing skills. pretty good. Then in the second cycle it increased to 96.3%. The contribution of implementing Guided Writing-based LKPD to improving students' writing skills is very significant, meaning it is in the high category. So it can be concluded that the teacher's ability to apply Guided Writing learning media can improve students' writing skills in Indonesian language subjects in class III B UPTD SDN 145 Inpres Pampangan.    

The aim of this research is to study how digital literacy impacts the ability to read and write Indonesian from various literary sources. The ability to access, understand, use and create information through the use of digital technology is known as digital literacy. The ability to read and write in Indonesian is the ability to understand and create texts in that language, both online and offline. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature or literature study design. Data sources for this research come from various articles, books, journals and reports related to the research topic. Content analysis techniques were used to analyze the data. The research results show that digital literacy can increase students' motivation, interest and skills in reading and writing Indonesian texts.    

The skills-based learning approach is a learning approach that is directed so that students can develop the life skills needed to maintain survival and develop themselves. This research aims to examine and describe Indonesian language education innovations using a technology approach and skills-based learning, by identifying the benefits, impacts and challenges faced in its implementation. The research method in this writing uses a type of research in the form of literature study. Results and discussion of this research There are several benefits, impacts and challenges in its implementation, which require support and cooperation from all parties involved in Indonesian language education, as well as improving facilities, literacy, readiness, discipline, responsibility, ethics, skills, competence, and professionalism of teachers and students.    

The aim of this research is to study how digital literacy impacts the ability to read and write Indonesian from various literary sources. The ability to access, understand, use and create information through the use of digital technology is known as digital literacy. The ability to read and write in Indonesian is the ability to understand and create texts in that language, both online and offline. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature or literature study design. Data sources for this research come from various articles, books, journals and reports related to the research topic. Content analysis techniques were used to analyze the data. The research results show that digital literacy can increase students' motivation, interest and skills in reading and writing Indonesian texts.    

The skills-based learning approach is a learning approach that is directed so that students can develop the life skills needed to maintain survival and develop themselves. This research aims to examine and describe Indonesian language education innovations using a technology approach and skills-based learning, by identifying the benefits, impacts and challenges faced in its implementation. The research method in this writing uses a type of research in the form of literature study. Results and discussion of this research There are several benefits, impacts and challenges in its implementation, which require support and cooperation from all parties involved in Indonesian language education, as well as improving facilities, literacy, readiness, discipline, responsibility, ethics, skills, competence, and professionalism of teachers and students.    

This research was carried out at PT. BPRS Washliyah Medan. The aim of this research is to understand the murabahah financing system and process implemented by PT. BPRS Al-Washliyah Medan. Murabahah financing is a sale and purchase agreement for goods stating the acquisition price and profit agreed upon by the seller whose role in this case is the Bank and the buyer whose role is the customer/prospective customer for the customer's needs, with the flavone given Rp. 25,000,000 to Rp. 250,000,000. The principles of Murabahah financing are based on Islamic sharia and established legal provisions. Murabahah financing has apparently received a lot of responses from the public and business entities, but not many people and business entities understand the procedures for obtaining murabahah financing, even though marketing has been carried out by PT. SRB Washliya.

The Central Statistics Agency explains that poverty is the inability to meet minimum standards of needs, both food and non-food needs. According to BPS, poverty is the condition of a person who is only able to meet his food needs of less than 2100 calories per capita per day. This research aims to determine the influence of inflation, GRDP and household consumption on poverty levels in Indonesia for the 2019-2022 period. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of monthly time series data for four years, namely 2019-2022 with a sample size of 48. The analytical method used is a quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the T test analysis, it was found that the variables Inflation, GRDP and Household Consumption partially influence poverty in Indonesia. Then an F test was carried out which showed that the variables Inflation, GRDP and Household Consumption simultaneously had a significant effect on poverty in Indonesia. This determination produces a determination (R2) of 0.959. Shows that the contribution of the variables Inflation, GRDP and Household Consumption to Poverty in Indonesia is 95.9%. Meanwhile, the remaining 4.1% is explained by other variables not included in this study.

Background: The percentage of children aged 0 to 11 months who received complete basic immunization reached 75.5% of the target of 92.9%, with a performance achievement of 75.34%. Complete Basic Immunization Coverage (IDL) in North Sumatra Province in 2019 was 85.17%. For data on Complete Basic Immunization (IDL) coverage in Dairi district, there is 82.02%, this figure shows that Dairi district has not yet achieved the strategic plan that has been determined. This study aims to analyze the relationship between maternal knowledge and the provision of basic immunizations in the working area of the Sopobutar health center, Dairi Regency in 2022. Method: This type of research is analytical with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in the working area of the Sopobutar Community Health Center, Dairi Regency, North Sumatra Province. The research was conducted from May to June 2022. The population in the study were all mothers who had 1 year old babies recorded in the working area of the Sopobutar Community Health Center, 38 people and using total sampling techniques. Data analysis in this research includes Univariate Analysis and Bivariate Analysis with the chi square test, using a significance level of 5% (p value <0.05). Results: The results showed that the majority of mothers' knowledge was sufficient, 22 people (57.9%) and the majority of babies received complete basic immunization, 26 people (68.4%). The statistical test results show a p value of 0.002 <0.05, meaning there is a significant relationship between knowledge and providing basic immunization to babies in the Sopobutar Community Health Center Working Area. Conclusion: P value = 0.002 <0.05, which means Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, which means there is a significant relationship between knowledge and providing basic immunizations to babies in the Sopobutar Community Health Center Working Area in 2022. It is hoped that mothers who have babies will increase their insight and concern regarding basic immunization for babies, regarding immunization programs according to schedule and providing complete immunizations.

This article discusses the impact of self-assessment, tax socialization, and tax information systems on the compliance level of taxpayers using a qualitative method and literature review from various sources. Its aim is to evaluate the influence of three main factors: self-assessment emphasizing direct responsibility on taxpayers, efforts in tax socialization to enhance public awareness, and the impact of tax information systems on the ease of taxation processes. The findings indicate a beneficial and significant impact of these three factors on the compliance level of taxpayers.

Land and Building Rights Acquisition Fee (BPHTB) is a tax imposed on the acquisition of land and/or building rights. BPHTB payments in Magelang Regency require validation from BPKAD to be used as a condition for the process of transferring rights to land and buildings. The validation process usually takes quite a long time. This requires a special strategy to increase regional tax revenues in Magelang Regency. This research uses qualitative methods, namely data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research provide information that has been carried out by BPPKAD Sleman Regency to maximize regional tax revenues by developing the E-BPHTB system, so that the regional tax collection process is easier and faster. However, the problems in using the new system are still unfamiliar, so time is needed to adapt to using the system.

This research was conducted at the Regional Drinking Water Company (PDAM) in Kapuas Hulu Regency. The aim of this research is to determine Service Management at the Kapuas Hulu Regency Drinking Water Company (PDAM). This research is a type of descriptive research with a qualitative approach, namely the author conducted interviews with informants who were directly involved. In this research, the informants were the heads and staff of PDAM employees who were directly involved in service activities. The author uses data collection techniques, observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research are the services provided by the Drinking Water Company (PDAM) of Kapuas Hulu Regency, Dihalralpkaln kepaldal petugals Perusalhalaln Daleralh Alir Drinking (PDAlM) Kalbupalten Kalpuals Hulu Dalpalt, which has resulted in reversing the performance of public services in algalr permalsallalhaln permals. allalhaln recognizes turbid flow and the water does not flow and the installation is immediately resolved and the process of carrying out routine internal and external internal checking results in a process of recurrent quality problems.