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This study aims to analyze the maintenance strategy of railway lines in West Sumatra using the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) approach to determine the most economically efficient and sustainable maintenance option. The main issues raised are the high cost of reactive maintenance and the risk of operational disruption due to track damage. The research method involved collecting construction, operational, and maintenance cost data from railway operators, as well as LCC-based scenario simulations to compare preventive and reactive maintenance strategies. The results of the analysis show that the preventive maintenance strategy results in lower total life cycle costs, compared to the reactive strategy. In addition, the preventive strategy also supports operational sustainability by minimizing the risk of service disruption and improving user safety. SWOT analysis shows that LCC implementation has great potential to improve budget efficiency and support local economic growth, although challenges such as data limitations and natural disaster risks need to be mitigated. This research concludes that an LCC-based approach can be the basis for designing more effective, efficient and sustainable railway maintenance policies. Recommendations include prioritizing preventive maintenance, using monitoring technology, and strengthening supporting policies.

This research aims to improve the ability of students at Az-Zahrah Islamic High School Palembang in recognizing the intrinsic elements of the short film entitled "Sekawan Limo" using YouTube as a medium. By taking advantage of advances in information technology, it is hoped that students can take advantage of digital platforms as an efficient learning tool. This training activity involves the introduction of intrinsic elements such as themes, characters, plots, settings, perspectives, and messages. The methodology used during the training includes initial tests, teaching material, watching movies, discussions, and assessments. The findings of this study show that there is an increase in students' understanding of the intrinsic elements of film after participating in training. The use of YouTube as a learning tool was declared effective in improving students' analytical skills.

In today’s date Artificial intelligence (AI) has substantially transformed marketing strategies and specifically Viral Marketing by enhancing the content personalization, targeting the audience and real time campaign optimization. The study explored the Artificial Intelligence impact on Viral marketing with a comprehensive review of 20 literatures that highlights the diverse applications of AI such as predictive analytics, natural language processing (NLP) and AI-driven visual content creation. This study employed meta analysis approach to evaluate how effectively AI could boost marketing reach, engagement and return on investment (ROI). The finding of the study indicates a positive correlation between the efficiency of Viral Marketing campaigns and the integration of AI, despite the fact highlighting ethical and transparency. The study concludes with practical suggestions for using AI in Viral marketing in a responsible and efficient manner to enhance its potential while mitigating related dangers. This study also highlights AI’s revolutionary role in changing market dynamics.

Information technology has an important role in the continuity of business activities for MSMEs. The application of technology to build a business is called effective and efficient digital transformation for MSMEs. One form of digital transformation is in the aspect of recording transactions and finances called Point of Sale (POS). POS is an application in the form of an online cashier with integrated electronic transaction service features which is aimed at increasing the sustainable development of digital entrepreneurs or Digipreneurs through digital transaction services to analyze administrative and financial matters which can help MSMEs. This research aims to prepare for the digital transformation of MSMEs in using digital POS system applications using the I-TOE framework. This research is qualitative in nature with data collection techniques by conducting interviews with 6 MSMEs in Salatiga, Central Java. From the interview results, it can be concluded that through the I-TOE framework, it is known that the readiness for digital MSME transformation is influenced by several aspects (1) Type of business, (2) Age of the manager. (3) Human resources and (4) Environmental demands.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of a hybrid citizen–AI legal monitoring system in enhancing urban environmental governance. The hybrid system integrates citizen-driven reporting platforms with AI-powered legal monitoring tools to address the challenges of weak public oversight in urban environmental management. By implementing the system in three metropolitan areas, the study explores how real-time data collection through citizen reports, combined with AI-driven analysis, can improve the accuracy, speed, and responsiveness of identifying environmental violations. The results showed a 45% improvement in oversight effectiveness, demonstrating the potential of hybrid systems to enhance monitoring capabilities beyond traditional methods. The AI system, capable of analyzing large datasets and providing timely insights, enabled quicker identification and categorization of violations such as pollution and waste management issues. The integration of citizen involvement through digital platforms allowed for more inclusive data collection, enhancing the quality and volume of information available for decision-making. This synergy between human participation and AI-driven analysis improved the speed of response to urban environmental challenges, making the system more adaptive and efficient. However, challenges such as data reliability and variable citizen participation rates were identified, suggesting the need for strategies to encourage consistent engagement and ensure the accuracy of reported data. The study concludes that hybrid citizen–AI systems can significantly improve urban governance by enhancing transparency, accountability, and responsiveness, offering a promising solution for cities seeking to address environmental issues more effectively.

This study aims to describe the implementation of the Deming Model performance management (PDCA cycle) at the Tanjungpinang City Satpol PP office. The type of research used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach, with data obtained through in-depth interviews with Mr. Ray as secretary, and staff involved in daily operations, as well as direct observation. Data analysis uses thematic analysis techniques that include three main steps: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation of the PDCA cycle at the Tanjungpinang City Satpol PP office has had a positive impact on improving organizational performance. Through structured stages from planning (Plan), implementation (Do), checking (Check), to corrective action (Act), the Satpol PP Office is able to plan and implement policing programs more effectively and efficiently. However, there are obstacles such as lack of training, budget limitations, and suboptimal coordination between sections. Performance evaluation needs to be improved in terms of more integrated measurement and monitoring. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of coordination and systematic evaluation for continuous improvement.

This research aims to examine the effect of synergy between the application of digital technology and entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of coffee shop MSMEs in Bojonegoro. The results of the analysis show that the combination of these two variables significantly improves business performance, exceeding the individual impact of each variable. These findings underline the importance of a holistic approach in developing MSMEs in the digital era, which combines technological innovation with. entrepreneurial spirit. The use of technology such as online ordering applications, inventory systems and data analysis allows MSME coffee shops to operate more efficiently, saving time and costs, as well as reducing errors. This research provides important implications for the government and relevant stakeholders to design policies that support the adoption of digital technology by MSMEs such as technology service providers, business consultants and the entrepreneurial community can accelerate the digital transformation process. as well as a more targeted entrepreneurial capacity development program.This research aims to examine the effect of synergy between the application of digital technology and entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of coffee shop MSMEs in Bojonegoro. The results of the analysis show that the combination of these two variables significantly improves business performance, exceeding the individual impact of each variable. These findings underline the importance of a holistic approach in developing MSMEs in the digital era, which combines technological innovation with. entrepreneurial spirit. The use of technology such as online ordering applications, inventory systems and data analysis allows MSME coffee shops to operate more efficiently, saving time and costs, as well as reducing errors. This research provides important implications for the government and relevant stakeholders to design policies that support the adoption of digital technology by MSMEs such as technology service providers, business consultants and the entrepreneurial community can accelerate the digital transformation process. as well as a more targeted entrepreneurial capacity development program.

Educational management is an essential element in the management of educational institutions, including the effective and efficient arrangement of resources to achieve educational goals. This study examines Henry Fayol's management theory and its implementation in Islamic educational institutions. With a qualitative approach based on literature review, this study explores Fayol's five main management functions of planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling adapted according to Islamic values. The results of the study indicate that the application of Fayol's management principles can improve operational efficiency, strengthen the integration of Islamic values ​​in education, and create synergy between academic and spiritual aspects. Principles such as division of labor, authority and responsibility, discipline, unity of command, and unity of direction support the systematic and structured management of educational institutions. The adaptation of this theory in the context of Islamic education includes holistic strategic planning, organizing based on Islamic values, directing with moral leadership, coordination through deliberation, and control that focuses on achieving educational goals that include academic and spiritual aspects. This study concludes that the integration of Fayol's management theory with Islamic values ​​provides a comprehensive framework for managing Islamic educational institutions effectively and efficiently, while producing competent graduates with high moral integrity.

This study aims to analyze the effect of waiting time on patient satisfaction undergoing ultrasound examinations at Kertha Usada Buleleng General Hospital. A quantitative survey method was employed, involving 50 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire measuring waiting time and patient satisfaction levels. The results indicate that the average waiting time is 90 minutes, and there is a significant negative correlation between waiting time and patient satisfaction (r = -0.58, p < 0.05). Approximately 80% of patients reported being satisfied or sufficiently satisfied, while 20% expressed dissatisfaction. The study concludes that improved management of waiting times and enhanced service quality are essential for increasing patient satisfaction. Recommendations for the hospital include developing a more efficient waiting time management system and improving communication with patients.

In the modern era marked by technological advances, the use of smartphones has become an important part of everyday life. This technological advancement encourages people to continue to update the way they carry out their daily activities. Smartphones make various activities easier, including long-distance communication which now feels closer thanks to sophisticated technology. This sophistication is enjoyed by various groups regardless of age or profession. The digital payment system has experienced rapid development, providing significant convenience for its users. This technology plays a strategic role in encouraging the revitalization of MSMEs by offering fast, safe, and efficient transaction solutions. In the context of developing MSME digitalization, the digital payment system not only makes it easier for business actors to manage transactions but also increases consumer convenience in shopping. With proper implementation, digital payments support the operational efficiency of MSMEs, expand market access, and accelerate the adoption of the digital ecosystem. Based on research results, the use of digital payment systems has been proven to contribute positively to the transformation of MSMEs, helping them become more competitive and able to adapt amidst changes in the increasingly digital economic landscape. This emphasizes the importance of adopting digital payment technology as an integral part of the MSME revitalization strategy. This study aims to analyze the positive impact of the use of technology, especially in online marketing, digital payment systems on the revitalization of MSMEs.

The management of tourist attractions and public facilities has undergone a significant transformation in recent years in line with technological developments. Previously, management was carried out manually by involving a lot of labor and human resources to maintain and manage its operations. However, digitalization has changed the way management is more efficient and organized. Digital-based systems are now widely applied to facilitate visitor access while increasing the effectiveness of tourist attraction management.  Digitalization aims to create a mutually beneficial relationship between managers and visitors through an optimally designed system. This study aims to analyze the design and design of the digital management system applied to Dalegan Beach in Gresik Regency, East Java. This system is expected to be able to simplify the administrative process, improve the visitor experience, and optimize the management of existing resources. Through a systematic approach, this research explores the functional and technical needs to create effective technology-based solutions. The implementation of this system is expected to be an example of the application of digitalization in the management of other tourist attractions, so that it can support the development of the tourism sector and increase competitiveness in an increasingly competitive industry.

This article discusses the concept of School-Based Management (SBM) as an education management approach implemented in Indonesian schools. MBS aims to encourage schools to be independent, active, transparent and accountable in improving the quality of education. This article explains how SBM facilitates schools to develop education quality improvement programs according to their needs through participatory and democratic decision-making. School autonomy in decision-making results in more effective and efficient education programs, involving principals, teachers, staff, parents, students, school committees and communities. The article also discusses the importance of curriculum development and community participation in improving the quality of education in Indonesia.

This research explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and communication strategies in promoting ethical practices within halal supply chain management. As the global halal market expands, the need for efficient, transparent, and ethically sound supply chains becomes critical. This study investigates how AI technologies can enhance operational efficiency while ensuring compliance with halal principles, and examines the role of effective communication in fostering stakeholder engagement and building consumer trust. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach that includes literature review and qualitative case studies, the research identifies key ethical challenges associated with AI, such as algorithmic bias and data privacy, while highlighting best communication practices to ensure transparency regarding halal compliance. The findings indicate that a synergistic approach combining AI-driven efficiencies with robust communication frameworks can significantly enhance the integrity and transparency of halal supply chains, offering actionable recommendations for businesses aiming to navigate the complexities of AI integration while upholding halal values.

The study focuses on how junior high school (SMP) science students' creativity and learning outcomes are affected by project-based learning (PjBL). The goal of the study is to improve knowledge of how PjBL can affect the creativity and learning outcomes of junior high school science students. Promoting Student Involvement: PjBL is anticipated to boost student involvement in the educational process, which in turn facilitates more profound and significant learning. A qualitative approach was taken, and the literature review served as the mechanism for gathering data. This study intends to aid in the creation of more efficient teaching methods through a thorough selection of relevant material and methodical analysis techniques. The findings demonstrate that students' creativity and learning outcomes in scientific courses are significantly enhanced by project-based learning. PjBL teaches students how to use their knowledge in practical contexts in addition to helping them retain information. Therefore, it is anticipated that this research will offer insightful information to educators and policymakers in order to develop more innovative and successful teaching methods in classrooms.

Road infrastructure is a vital element in supporting economic, social, and transportation activities in a region. Labuhan Batu Utara Regency faces challenges in managing and maintaining road conditions, especially in hard-to-reach areas. This article presents a recent literature review from the past five years on the application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for mapping and managing road conditions. The discussion covers technological innovations such as drone usage, machine learning, and crowdsourcing integration within GIS. Additionally, several international and national case studies are referenced to provide insights into the challenges and opportunities of GIS implementation. This article recommends strategies such as open-source GIS implementation, integration with mobile applications, and regular data updates to support efficient road condition management in Labuhan Batu Utara Regency. 

Information and communication technologies' (ICTs') explosive growth will raise questions efficiently support the accounting industry in order to simplify the delivery of its goods and services in Nigeria beyond 2024. The role of ICT on the growth of the accounting profession in Nigeria was the main focus of this study. Using a tool called the role of ICT in Accounting Questionnaire (RIAQ), 60 accountants' opinions were purposefully gathered from the teaching and bursary staff of Nasarawa State University, Keffi, as well as the six banks that operate in Keffi Metropolis, in order to implement the survey study design. The chi-square statistic was employed in the data analysis to determine the degree to which ICT has helped the accounting industry, and the association between ICT and job competency in the accounting industry was examined using regression analysis. In summary, the study discovered a substantial correlation (P<0.05) between accounting proficiency and ICT use. According to the study's findings, ICT is crucial to Nigeria's accounting and Vision 2024 progress and achievement. It was suggested that accounting professionals should receive ongoing training in order to embrace and use ICT into accounting practice.

Cavendish banana (Musa acuminata L.) propagation through conventional methods requires a considerable amount of time. Tissue culture techniques offer a more efficient alternative, enabling the production of plantlets with superior quality and quantity in a shorter period. The application of Zn nanoparticles has been shown to reduce media contamination and act as a biostimulant, enhancing propagation efficiency in tissue culture. Auxins, such as Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), facilitate cell development and root induction, while cytokinins, including 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP), are effective in stimulating cell division, morphogenesis, and shoot formation with improved stability and resistance to oxidation. This study was conducted from February to June 2023 at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur. The research utilized a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors: the concentration of Zn nanoparticles and the ratio of ZPT concentrations. The results indicated that the best treatment for multiplication was obtained with 50 ppm Zn nanoparticles, resulting in the fastest shoot emergence at 24,63 days and the highest number of shoots per plantlet at 2,58 shoots. Furthermore, the treatment with a ZPT concentration ratio of NAA + BAP (0:0) produced the highest average number of plantlet leaves, with 5,78 leaves per plantlet.

Shariah-compliant investments follow Islamic principles, such as the prohibition of riba, gharar, and maysir, which emphasize fairness and transparency. In the digital era, apps like Ajaib utilize technology to improve efficiency and ensure sharia compliance. This research analyzes the efficiency and sharia compliance of the Ajaib app using a literature study, as well as secondary data from journals, sharia regulations, and official Ajaib documents. The analysis was conducted using a content analysis approach to evaluate the suitability of application features with sharia principles. The results showed that Ajaib has excellent features, such as education, magic bag, stop loss, take profit, and advance charting, which support efficient investment. The stock screener and speed order book features assist users in making quick decisions, while DSN-MUI-certified Islamic mutual funds ensure halal investments. The fast and transparent transaction process makes Ajaib easy to use and compliant with sharia principles. However, the analysis also found some shortcomings, such as a limited selection of Islamic mutual funds, less varied payment methods, and the absence of personalized consultation services. Compared to other apps, Ajaib needs to improve these shortcomings to be more competitive. This study concludes that operational efficiency and sharia compliance are critical to the sustainability of sharia investment in Indonesia. Further research is recommended to examine the user experience directly and compare Ajaib's performance with other platforms.

Business disputes are increasing in Indonesia along with the growth of economic relationships. Litigation is often perceived as time-consuming and costly, making Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) a more efficient and relationship-friendly alternative. This study aims to analyze the obstacles and opportunities in implementing ADR for business dispute resolution in Indonesia, based on the legal framework provided by Law Number 30 of 1999. The research employs a normative legal approach with descriptive analysis. Data were collected through literature reviews of legal regulations, academic literature, and journal articles. The findings reveal that although ADR holds significant potential for resolving business disputes efficiently and cost-effectively, its implementation faces several challenges. The primary obstacles include the lack of awareness among business actors about ADR's benefits, the perception that ADR lacks the legal authority compared to litigation, and the limited quality of mediators and arbitrators. The study also highlights the importance of enhancing the capacity of ADR practitioners through continuous training and educating business actors to build trust in this method. By addressing these challenges, ADR is expected to become the primary choice for resolving business disputes, fostering a conducive business environment, and supporting long-term economic growth in Indonesia.

This study investigated the effect of genetic quality of local North Sumatra cattle on fattening efficiency. PCR and RFLP-based genetic analyses and fattening efficiency measurements through average daily growth (ADG) and feed conversion (FCR) were used. local cattle from Deli Serdang, Langkat, and Simalungun were used. The study showed that feed management involving the use of concentrate and high-quality forage can improve cattle fattening efficiency, and the IGF-1 gene plays a significant role in cattle growth. A strong correlation between fattening efficiency and genetic quality (r = 0.85) indicates the importance of genetic selection to improve productive local cattle. Based on these findings, it is recommended to implement molecular marker-based genetic selection programmes and improve feed management by diversifying local feed sources. In addition, it is necessary to improve farmer training on more efficient husbandry methods. This research provides policy suggestions that can be implemented to support the curiosity of the livestock industry in North Sumatra and improve the efficiency of local cattle production.