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This study aims to improve elementary school students' storytelling skills through the application of the Whole Language approach combined with ebook-based image media. The Whole Language approach was chosen because it emphasizes the integration of natural language skills in meaningful contexts, while the ebook-based image media was used to provide engaging visual stimuli, facilitate comprehension of the story, and motivate students in the learning process. The study was conducted at Pekuncen Elementary School in Pasuruan City, with 18 fifth-grade students as subjects. The method used was Classroom Action Research (CAR), implemented in two cycles, each consisting of planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observation, storytelling skills tests, student interviews, and documentation of the learning process. The results showed a significant improvement in students' storytelling skills. Learning completion increased from 44.44% in the pre-cycle to 66.67% in the first cycle, and reached 88.88% in the second cycle. This improvement included aspects of speaking fluency, the use of a more varied vocabulary, coherent story structure, and the ability to convey appropriate expression and intonation. Furthermore, this approach encourages students to participate more actively in learning, increases self-confidence, and fosters courage in expressing opinions in class. These findings indicate that implementing Whole Language with the aid of illustrated ebooks is effective in developing elementary school students' storytelling skills. The combination of communicative learning methods and engaging media can create a fun, interactive, and meaningful learning environment. This study recommends that Indonesian language teachers at the elementary school level consider using a similar approach as an alternative strategy for teaching speaking skills, particularly in the context of storytelling.

This study examines the translation shifts in the short story The Gift of the Magi, which was translated from English to Indonesian under the title Pemberian Sang Majus by Maggie Tiojakin. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the types of translation shifts present in the short story. Data collection was carried out using the documentation method, with the data analyzed based on Catford's translation shift theory using a descriptive qualitative approach. The findings of this study reveal that several types of translation shifts are evident in the short story. These include shifts of level, shifts of structure, shifts of unit, and shifts of intra-system. Shifts of level occur when an item in the source language at one linguistic level has an equivalent in the target language at a different level. For example, a phrase in the source language may be translated as a word or clause in the target language. Shifts of structure refer to differences in grammatical structures between the source and target languages, such as changes in sentence construction or word order to ensure fluency in the translation. 

This study aims to explore students' perceptions of creating digital video projects as a tool for teaching and improving speaking abilities. A descriptive qualitative research design was applied, involving 50 students enrolled in the Intermediate English course during the second semester of the Machine Automotive Study Programme at Politeknik Negeri Jember. Data collection techniques included questionnaires distributed via Google Forms, consisting of multiple-choice and open-ended questions, complemented by semi-structured interviews to gain deeper insights. The focus was on understanding how students perceive the effectiveness of digital video projects in enhancing their speaking skills and overall language learning experience. The findings revealed that most students had a positive attitude toward creating digital video projects, stating that such activities significantly enhanced their confidence, fluency, and pronunciation in English. Many participants emphasized that digital video projects encouraged them to practice speaking repeatedly, which contributed to reducing anxiety and improving their performance. The study also found a clear connection between students' intrinsic motivation to improve their speaking skills and the perceived benefits of completing digital video tasks. Additionally, students highlighted the creative aspect of video-making, which fostered collaboration, critical thinking, and self-expression. The role of the lecturer was identified as crucial in guiding students throughout the project, particularly in overcoming technical and linguistic challenges. The study concludes that integrating digital video projects into speaking lessons not only improves speaking ability but also motivates learners to take active participation in language learning.

In addition to the positive findings regarding the effectiveness of instructional videos in enhancing reading skills, this study also highlights the importance of integrating technology into early childhood education. The use of instructional videos provides an engaging and interactive learning experience for children, making the learning process more enjoyable and effective. Children at TK Irama Jaya were able to visualize and connect sounds with letters and words, which is a crucial aspect of developing reading skills at an early age. Furthermore, the study reveals that instructional videos cater to different learning styles, allowing children to absorb information through auditory and visual channels. This multisensory approach enhances retention and understanding, especially for young learners who are just beginning to master reading. The videos also offer repetition and consistency, allowing children to revisit lessons at their own pace, thus reinforcing their learning process. The improvement observed in the post-test scores suggests that instructional videos can serve as a valuable tool in early childhood education, complementing traditional teaching methods. However, the study also indicates that while instructional videos are beneficial, they should be used in conjunction with other pedagogical techniques, such as interactive reading activities and teacher-guided lessons, to maximize learning outcomes. It is recommended that other schools, particularly those in remote or underserved areas, consider incorporating instructional videos into their teaching practices. The accessibility and cost-effectiveness of these videos make them an ideal resource for improving the quality of education in early childhood settings. Further research could explore the long-term effects of instructional videos on reading fluency and other areas of early literacy development.

This study explores the effectiveness of role play as a teaching method to enhance students' speaking skills in professional secretarial contexts, specifically in business telephone conversations, presentations, and negotiations. The research was conducted within the Diploma III Secretarial Program over one academic semester. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study involved classroom observations and student reflections gathered through feedback sessions. The objective was to assess how role play could contribute to the development of fluency, confidence, and contextual language use in English for specific professional purposes. The findings revealed that role play significantly improved students' speaking performance. Students showed greater confidence in expressing ideas, improved fluency, and a better understanding of appropriate vocabulary and expressions suited to professional environments. Furthermore, students expressed that the interactive and practical nature of role play made learning more enjoyable and less intimidating, allowing them to immerse themselves in real-life communication scenarios. These positive experiences encouraged active participation and increased motivation to learn English for professional use. The study also highlighted the value of reflective learning, as students were able to identify their own progress and areas for improvement. Through continuous engagement in simulated professional tasks, learners developed better adaptability in communication and exhibited more natural conversational flow during tasks that mirrored real workplace situations. In conclusion, the role play method proves to be a highly effective pedagogical tool for enhancing speaking skills in secretarial English. It not only helps build linguistic competence but also cultivates soft skills necessary for professional communication. Therefore, it is recommended that educators incorporate role play regularly in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) curricula to maximize its benefits in developing productive speaking abilities among students.

The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of using Canva-based learning media on the creativity of eleventh-grade students in economics. The background of this study stems from the low level of student learning creativity caused by the minimal use of innovative and engaging media in the learning process. Creativity is an important aspect in economics learning because it encourages students to think critically, create solutions, and understand abstract concepts more contextually. Static and monotonous learning media such as blackboards and textbooks often do not sufficiently stimulate student interest and participation. Therefore, a more interactive and visual approach is needed, one of which is using Canva. Canva is an online graphic design platform that allows teachers and students to easily create presentations, infographics, and other visual materials. Using Canva in learning can provide a more enjoyable learning experience and motivate students to be actively involved. This study used a quantitative method with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. Data analysis was carried out by comparing creativity scores before and after treatment. Student creativity was measured using a test instrument that included aspects of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The study subjects were 34 11th-grade students at SMAN 1 Tulungagung. The results showed a significant difference in scores between the pretest and posttest results, indicating that the use of Canva-based learning media had a positive impact on increasing student creativity. Students became more active in expressing ideas, more daring to experiment with concepts, and better able to present learning outcomes visually and attractively. These findings support constructivism theory, which states that effective learning occurs when students actively construct knowledge through meaningful experiences.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kreatif matematis siswa kelas VII SMP Al Farabi pada materi geometri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan melibatkan seluruh siswa kelas VII sebanyak 71 orang. Data diperoleh melalui tes tertulis berupa empat soal terbuka berbasis geometri yang dirancang untuk menggali empat indikator berpikir kreatif, yaitu kelancaran (fluency), keluwesan (flexibility), keaslian (originality), dan elaborasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa tergolong “baik” pada setiap indikator, dengan skor tertinggi pada keluwesan (75,35%) dan terendah pada keaslian (61,27%). Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun siswa telah memiliki kemampuan berpikir kreatif yang cukup baik, pengembangan ide-ide orisinal masih perlu ditingkatkan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi bahan masukan bagi guru untuk merancang strategi pembelajaran yang lebih relevan dan mendukung pengembangan kreativitas siswa

This study aims to improve students’ speaking skills through the use of the YouTube channel “Ritueli Daeli” among seventh-grade students at MTs Daruttholibin Watumalang. A Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach was implemented in two cycles. Data were collected through interviews, speaking tests, observations, and documentation. The results indicate that incorporating videos from “Ritueli Daeli” significantly enhanced students’ speaking skills in fluency, pronunciation, and confidence. The average score increased from 72.32 in the first post-test to 74.87 in the second post-test, with students’ engagement and motivation visibly increasing. This study supports the integration of digital media, specifically curated YouTube content, as an effective tool to enrich English learning experiences.

Mastery of pronunciation skills is a crucial aspect in English oral communication. This study aims to describe the effectiveness of film and song-based audio-visual media in improving the pronunciation skills of English study program students. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design, data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation of pronunciation tests. The results showed that the integration of film and song media was able to significantly improve students' intelligibility, accuracy, and fluency. Films provide exposure to native speaker pronunciation in real contexts, while songs play a role in reducing anxiety and increasing self-confidence through sound repetition in a relaxed learning atmosphere. These findings are in line with recent studies that emphasize the importance of contextual and authentic media in teaching pronunciation. It is recommended that teachers utilize audio-visual media optimally in learning to create a more interesting and meaningful learning experience.

This research aims to: 1) Examine the content of the Tanwirul Qori' book used in teaching tajwid science at Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Fathul Ulum Gandusari, 2) Determine the implementation of tajwid learning in improving the fluency of first-grade students at Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Fathul Ulum Gandusari, 3) Determine the level of fluency of first-grade students at Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Fathul Ulum Gandusari in reading the Al-Qur'an, and 4) Identify the supporting and inhibiting factors for the implementation of tajwid learning in improving the fluency of first-grade students at Madrasah Diniyah Pondok Pesantren Fathul Ulum Gandusari. This research uses a qualitative field approach with data collection methods through observation, interviews, and documentation. Informants in this study include the caretaker of Pondok Pesantren Fathul Ulum Gandusari and ustadz/ustadzah teaching the Tanwirul Qori' book. Data analysis was carried out through stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study show that the implementation of learning the Tanwirul Qori' book at this Madrasah involves several methods, such as lecture methods, rotating book readings, direct practice, and evaluation through questions and practical exams. These methods have proven effective in improving students' fluency in reading the Al-Qur'an. Students who previously did not understand the laws of tajwid, and some who did not even know the hijaiyah letters, experienced significant improvement after participating in learning with this book. More than 75% of students showed improved ability to read the Al-Qur'an according to the rules of tajwid science.

Effective Qur'an learning is an essential aspect of Islamic religious education, particularly in improving the ability to read the Qur'an correctly and fluently. The Tilawati method is a learning approach emphasizing talaqqi musyafahah to improve letter pronunciation and tajwid. This study aims to optimize the implementation of the Tilawati method at TPQ Al-Fath Griya Kartika Desa Cemandi to enhance reading fluency and tajwid comprehension among students. The methodology employed is the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, utilizing interviews and observations as data collection techniques and involving lecturers, students, and the community in the community service activities. The results indicate significant improvements in Qur'an reading fluency, tajwid understanding, and student motivation. Therefore, the Tilawati method is proven to be an effective learning model for Qur'an education that provides sustainable positive impacts for the surrounding community

This study aims to analyze the application of problem-based learning models (PBL) in improving students' creative thinking skills. Creative thinking skills are one of the 21st century skills that are very much needed in facing future challenges. Problem-based learning models are seen as an effective approach to developing creative thinking skills because they provide students with the opportunity to explore innovative solutions to contextual problems. The research method used is a literature study by analyzing various relevant literature sources from 2019-2024. The results of the analysis show that the application of problem-based learning models can improve students' creative thinking skills through the stages of problem orientation, organizing students to learn, guiding individual and group investigations, developing and presenting work results, and analyzing and evaluating the problem-solving process. The conclusion of this study shows that problem-based learning models have proven effective in improving students' creative thinking skills with indicators of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration.

Language skills are an important aspect in early childhood growth and development because they are the basis for building communication, developing mindsets, and interacting with others. The purpose of this study is to reveal the role of audio-visual media in supporting the improvement of early childhood language skills in Kusuma Cendekia Kindergarten. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that the use of audio-visual media, such as children's songs, educational animations, and illustrated stories, is able to encourage increased vocabulary mastery, fluency in speaking, and children's courage in communicating. The media is considered effective because it is able to present interesting, concrete, and interactive learning, and is in harmony with the developmental stage of children aged 5-6 years. Teachers also apply strategies such as singing together, role-playing, and retelling the content of the video to strengthen children's language mastery. Nonetheless, some obstacles were found, such as the limitations of facilities and challenges in selecting the right content. The results of this study recommend the use of audio-visual media as one of the creative and fun learning tools in the early childhood education environment.

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Oral Reading Fluency (ORF) method in improving the fluent reading skills of second-grade elementary students. The research subjects consisted of five second-grade students who were at reading level 2. The ORF method was implemented through repeated reading, guided oral reading, and timed reading practices to enhance speed, accuracy, and expression. Data was collected through pre- and post-tests, observations, and recorded reading sessions. The results indicated significant improvements in the students' reading fluency, including increased reading speed, better word recognition, and improved comprehension. This study contributes to the understanding of literacy development in early education and highlights the importance of structured oral reading practices in enhancing reading fluency among elementary students.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of advertising-based learning strategies in training Arabic language skills of students at Tadzibun Nasyiin Elementary School. By utilizing the activity of making and reading advertisements both posters, brochures, and oral announcements students are encouraged to apply Arabic vocabulary and sentence structures contextually. Descriptive qualitative methods were used through classroom observations, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of the results of advertising work. The results showed an increase in active participation and student confidence by an average of in the aspects of Arabic speaking and writing skills. The activity of making advertisements successfully facilitated the use of new vocabulary, while reading advertisements trained fluency and pronunciation. Thus, advertising-based strategies are recommended as an innovative alternative in Arabic language learning at the elementary school level.

This study aims to assess the fluency reading skills of first-grade elementary school students, focusing on pronunciation accuracy, reading smoothness, use of intonation, and reading independence. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collected through observations, interviews, reading assessments, and supporting documentation. The findings reveal varied reading abilities among students; some demonstrate good fluency and independence, while others struggle with pronunciation, flow, and expression. These results highlight the need for appropriate teaching methods and active involvement of both teachers and parents to improve early reading skills. This research provides a foundation for developing effective reading instruction strategies to support students' academic progress in the future.

The learning process of reading the Qur'an for students at MI Al-Ikhlas Kauman Parakan when learning using the Pandan Wangi method is considered to have run very well and is very helpful in supporting the Qur'an reading program. This is proven by the average student test score of 96.25 by meeting 3 indicators, namely correctness, fluency and eloquence, so it is proven that using the Pandan Wangi method book can help master the ability to read the Qur'an. Students have a high enthusiasm for learning and good use of learning media.

This study aims to identify and describe the most effective teaching strategies in improving level 3 fluent reading skills in lower grade elementary school students. Level 3 fluent reading skills include the ability to read at an appropriate speed, expressive intonation, and good comprehension of reading content. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this study explores and analyzes various learning techniques that have been proven to support the improvement of reading fluency in early childhood. The research findings reveal that the application of explicit teaching methods, repetition in reading exercises, the use of paired reading techniques, the use of reading texts with levels of difficulty, and active involvement from parents, can synergistically encourage the development of students' reading skills significantly. This study provides important contributions both theoretically and practically, especially for educators, in designing systematic, comprehensive, and sustainable reading learning programs to improve students' literacy competencies from an early age.

Fluent reading is the ability to understand symbols in the form of words by paying attention to several aspects, including the ability to recognize words, automatic reading skills, speed in transitioning from one word to another, the use of intonation and expression in oral reading, and accuracy in understanding the meaning of the words being read. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the fluent reading ability of second-grade students, focusing on the aspects of accuracy, speed, and fluency in reading, including pauses, intonation, and expression. This research adopts a case study method with a reading test technique designed to assess these three main components. The subjects of this study are five second-grade students from a primary school.

This study aims to identify and describe the most effective teaching strategies in improving level 3 fluent reading skills in lower grade elementary school students. Level 3 fluent reading skills include the ability to read at an appropriate speed, expressive intonation, and good comprehension of reading content. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this study explores and analyzes various learning techniques that have been proven to support the improvement of reading fluency in early childhood. The research findings reveal that the application of explicit teaching methods, repetition in reading exercises, the use of paired reading techniques, the use of reading texts with levels of difficulty, and active involvement from parents, can synergistically encourage the development of students' reading skills significantly. This study provides important contributions both theoretically and practically, especially for educators, in designing systematic, comprehensive, and sustainable reading learning programs to improve students' literacy competencies from an early age.