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This study discusses the role of prayer in shaping character and daily ethics as one of the main pillars of Islamic teachings. Prayer is not merely a ritual act of worship but also serves as a means of spiritual and moral education and shapes the overall personality of Muslims. This study uses a literature review method by examining various sources such as books, journals, and scientific articles relevant to Google Scholar from 2020 to 2025, sourced from 20 Indonesian-language journals and 5 English-language journals. Based on this background, prayer plays an important role in instilling values of discipline, responsibility, sincerity, patience, and self-reflection, which contribute to the formation of an individual's character and integrity. In addition, prayer also serves as the foundation of social ethics by fostering honesty, justice, empathy, politeness, and solidarity in social interactions. There is also congregational prayer, which, when performed, can strengthen the values of togetherness, brotherhood, and social concern, which are the foundations of a harmonious social life. Research shows that consistent and solemn prayer practices can control desires, prevent immoral and evil deeds, and provide mental and spiritual balance for the practitioner. Thus, prayer is an important instrument in the moral and spiritual development of Muslims and is relevant in facing modern challenges such as stress and social ethical degradation.

The transformation of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning in senior high schools has become an urgent necessity in response to the demands of modern education that emphasize humanistic and student-centered learning. This study aims to describe the implementation of a humanistic approach in PAI learning, analyze its impact on students’ development, and identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its classroom application. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews with PAI teachers, questionnaires distributed to students, and document analysis of lesson plans and instructional materials. The findings reveal that the implementation of dialogic, reflective, and experience-based learning strategies creates a more comfortable and engaging learning environment. Students feel more appreciated, gain opportunities to express their ideas, and demonstrate improvements in learning autonomy, self-confidence, and moral responsibility. In addition, teachers increasingly integrate cognitive, affective, and spiritual dimensions into instructional planning, making PAI learning more relevant to real-life contexts. These results indicate that the humanistic approach not only enriches the learning process but also contributes significantly to the comprehensive and sustainable development of students’ character.

Islamic education in Indonesia plays a strategic role in shaping students’ religious character as well as their national identity, and therefore cannot be separated from the ideological foundations of Pancasila and the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). Islamic education functions not only as a means of transmitting religious values, but also as a medium for internalizing national ideology in line with the goals of national education. This study aims to analyze the ideological foundations of Islamic education based on the values of tauhid, Pancasila, and NKRI, as well as to examine their relevance to national education policies and curricula. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research design. The data were obtained from secondary sources, including scholarly books, journal articles, education policy documents, and relevant legislation. Data collection was conducted through documentation studies, while data analysis applied a descriptive-analytical method to systematically examine the interrelationships among concepts. The findings indicate that the ideological values of Pancasila are substantively aligned with Islamic teachings, particularly in the aspects of divinity, humanity, unity, deliberation, and social justice. Within the framework of NKRI, Islamic education contributes significantly to the formation of religious-nationalist character and the strengthening of national integration. The integration of Pancasila values, religious moderation, and Islam rahmatan lil ‘alamin into national education policies and curricula, particularly through the Merdeka Curriculum and the Pancasila Student Profile, reflects a systematic effort to develop Islamic education that is adaptive and contextual. The implications of this study emphasize that strengthening the ideological foundations of Islamic education is a crucial prerequisite for producing learners who are faithful, knowledgeable, morally upright, and responsible citizens of Indonesia.

The Qur’an and Hadith are the main references for Islamic teachings and function as the essential basis for Islamic education. They function not only as a guide for the lives of Muslims but also as the basis for determining educational goals, values, curricula, and methods. The aim of Islamic education is to develop individuals who are balanced in faith, knowledge, morals, and skills, enabling them to fulfill their roles as servants of Allah and His representatives on earth. This research seeks to analyze the role of the Qur’an and Hadith as the fundamental basis of Islamic education and their influence on shaping educational objectives, values, curriculum design, and teaching methods. The research method used is a systematic review of national and international journal articles published from 2020 to 2025. The results show that Islamic education places emphasis on forming al-insan al-kamil individuals characterized by faith, knowledge, noble character, and a sense of responsibility. Through curricula and educational methods grounded in the Qur’an and Hadith, values such as faith, piety, honesty, and social concern are instilled.

This study was motivated by the important role of the school community in supporting the successful implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile as part of the Merdeka Curriculum. The purpose of this study was to analyze how principals, teachers, students, parents, and school committees contribute to the development of the six dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile. The research used a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies conducted at a secondary school during the period from August to October 2025. The results showed that the development of all dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile was greatly influenced by the quality of collaboration within the school community. The principal plays a role in strengthening school policies and culture, teachers become facilitators in project-based learning, students take an active role as drivers of collaborative activities, while parents and committees provide moral support and program facilities. These findings imply that the success of strengthening the Pancasila Student Profile does not only depend on the curriculum structure, but also on the synergy of the school ecosystem that is created in a sustainable manner.

This research aims to critically examine the ethical integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education through the perspective of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah, emphasizing the alignment between technological innovation and Islamic moral principles. The methods used are a systematic literature review and thematic content analysis against peer-reviewed publications for the period 2015–2025, which discuss the application of AI in primary, secondary, and higher education. The study identified dominant ethical issues, such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, accountability, human agency, and moral development, which were then mapped to Islamic ethical goals, including ʿadl (justice), amānah (belief), karāmah al-insān (human dignity), and ḥifẓ al-ʿaql (protection of reason). The results of the analysis show that the adoption of AI in education often emphasizes efficiency, personalization, and predictive analytics, but has the potential to reduce learners' autonomy and ethical reasoning. The mapping of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah shows a strong normative conformity, so that Islamic principles can be a moral foundation as well as a practical guide for AI governance. The research contribution is theoretical by bridging the literature on AI ethics and Islamic educational philosophy, as well as practical by offering an integrative framework for AI policymakers, educators, and developers. The integration of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah in AI governance ensures justice, trust, inclusivity, and the development of the whole human being (insān kāmil).

Minister of Culture Fadli Zon's controversial statement, casting doubt on the existence of mass rape in the May 1998 Tragedy, sparked a strong public reaction, particularly from victims and human rights activists. This study aims to analyze Fadli Zon's statement as a form of identity politics in the context of contemporary Indonesian politics. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a discourse analysis approach to public statements, media coverage, and official documents such as reports from the National Commission on Violence Against Women and the Joint Fact-Finding Team (TGPF). The results show that Fadli Zon's statement is not merely a personal view, but rather a representation of identity politics that has the potential to obscure historical truth and reinforce social polarization. The identity politics that emerged in this discourse demonstrates how political power can influence the construction of national history and marginalize minority groups, particularly Chinese women victims of sexual violence. This study emphasizes the importance of historical honesty and the moral responsibility of political elites in preserving the nation's collective memory.

This study aims to analyze human resource management (HRM) based on Islamic boarding school values ​​in strengthening educator professionalism and sustaining academic performance at MA Al-Amiriyyah Blokagung. The study focuses on the process of internalizing Islamic boarding school values ​​in HRM policies and practices and their implications for educator professionalism and the sustainability of the institution's academic quality. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with madrasah leaders and educators, observations of institutional practices, and documentation studies of policies and human resource development programs. Data analysis was conducted thematically through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that Islamic boarding school values ​​such as sincerity, service, discipline, exemplary behavior, and moral responsibility have been internalized normatively and practically in HRM policies, particularly in aspects of human resource planning, recruitment, coaching, and evaluation of educator performance. These values ​​shape educator professionalism that is not only based on pedagogical competence, but also an ethos of devotion and moral integrity. The human resource development and coaching system contributes to maintaining work motivation and consistent academic performance among educators. However, the internalization of Islamic boarding school values ​​still tends to be cultural and person-centered, and has not been fully institutionalized in written policies, standard procedures, and long-term strategic planning. Therefore, its sustainability remains dependent on leadership figures. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of strengthening the institutionalization of Islamic boarding school value-based human resource management (HRM) through formal policies, a sustainable human resource development system, and systematic managerial governance to ensure the sustainable maintenance of educator professionalism and the institution's academic performance.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning has a strategic role in shaping the character of students who are religious, tolerant, and have noble morals. Amidst the reality of Indonesian multicultural society, PAI learning is required to be able to internalize the values of religious moderation as an effort to prevent extreme, radical, and intolerant attitudes. Religious moderation is an important paradigm in Islamic education to instill a balanced and contextual religious attitude. This proceedings article aims to examine the concept, strategy, and implications of moderation-based Islamic Religious Education learning through the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The SLR method is used to examine journal articles, scientific books, and proceedings relevant to the topic of PAI learning and religious moderation in the last ten years. The results of the study indicate that moderation-based PAI learning is based on the values of wasathiyah, tawazun, i'tidal, and tasamuh which are integrated into the curriculum, learning methods, and the role models of educators. The implementation of moderation-based PAI learning has a positive impact on the formation of inclusive, tolerant attitudes and the ability to live peacefully together in students. This article is expected to be an academic reference for educators and researchers in developing Islamic Religious Education learning that is relevant to the social challenges and diversity of Indonesian society.

This study aims to analyze the development of elementary school students (ages 8–9) in terms of physical, cognitive, emotional, social, moral, and spiritual aspects. The research subjects were two third-grade students named Dinul Mumtaz (8 years old) and Alfatir Ramadhan Hendri (9 years old). This study used a qualitative approach, with observation and interviews as the main data collection techniques. The results indicate that both students show physical development appropriate for their age, with well-developed fine and gross motor skills. In the cognitive aspect, both have reached the concrete operational stage, characterized by logical thinking, understanding of cause-and-effect relationships, and the ability to solve tasks using concrete objects. In terms of emotional and social development, Dinul and Alfatir demonstrate the ability to recognize and manage emotions, as well as build positive social relationships with peers and teachers. Moral development shows that both students are in the heteronomous and early conventional stages, where they obey rules due to authority and a desire to gain social approval. Meanwhile, in the spiritual aspect, both students demonstrate good religious habits and an understanding of spiritual values reflected in their daily behavior. Therefore, it can be concluded that the development of both students is in a good category and in accordance with child development theories, supported by positive influences from family and school environments.

This article comprehensively discusses the responsibility of notary for legally defective deeds, with an emphasis on the application of the principle of prudence as the foundation of the notary profession's professionalism and integrity. This research uses a normative legal method with a legislative, conceptual, and case approach to analyze the relationship between notary negligence and the resulting civil liability consequences. The study results indicate that the principle of prudence plays a central role in determining the limits of a notary's legal liability, as any negligent action in verifying identity, document validity, or the substance of the deed can cause legal harm to the parties. Conversely, if the notary can prove that their actions were in accordance with legal procedures and professional ethical standards, they can be absolved of civil liability claims. Additionally, this research also highlights the importance of applying the principle of due diligence in the context of the digitalization of notarial services, which demands stricter verification and authentication. Thus, the principle of prudence not only serves as a legal principle but also as a moral foundation that guaranties justice, certainty, and legal protection for society, as well as upholding the dignity of the notarial profession.

The development of social media has given rise to a new form of digital creative work thru collaboration between influencers and brands, known as brand collaboration. This phenomenon poses new challenges to the copyright legal system, particularly regarding the determination of ownership and legal protection of collaboratively generated content. This research aims to analyze how legal protection for social media content copyright is applied within the context of digital cooperation, and to what extent agreements play a role in determining the ownership and utilization of economic rights to such works. The research method used is normative juridical with a conceptual and legislative approach, which examines the provisions in Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, contract related regulations, and international principles in the Berne Convention and the WIPO Copyright Treaty. The research results indicate that legal protection for collaborative content on social media is not yet optimal due to weak legal awareness and minimal contractual regulation between the parties. Written agreements have proven to play a strategic role in providing legal certainty over moral and economic rights, while also serving as a tool to prevent disputes and misuse of content. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more explicit digital collaboration contract guidelines and provide legal education for creative industry players so that copyright protection in Indonesia can be effective, adaptable, and equitable in the digital economy era.

The formation of Christian character in church-based education often faces challenges when disciplinary approaches rely heavily on punishment and external compliance. This article examines the relevance of behaviorism in shaping Christian character through the lens of positive discipline an approach that emphasizes reinforcement of desirable behavior, nurturing relationships, and the development of intrinsic moral awareness. Using a literature review and a small scale case analysis of contemporary church educational practices, this study evaluates how the principles of reinforcement, modeling, and behavioral consistency can be integrated with Christian values such as love, repentance, and the cultivation of conscience. The findings indicate that behaviorism remains useful when applied selectively within a holistic Christian educational theology. Positive discipline aligns more closely with biblical values because it promotes responsible character growth rather than mere obedience. This article contributes to the pedagogical discourse of church education by proposing an integrative framework that combines behavioristic principles with positive discipline to enhance effective and sustainable Christian character formation.

This study examines the influence of teaching the classical text Hadiyyah al-‘Arus on the mindset of female students (santri putri) regarding their readiness for marriage: A case study at Pondok Pesantren Putri An Nur 1 (Asrama Az-Zubaidah), Malang. The research departs from the recognition that pre-marital education in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) should extend beyond mere Islamic legal aspects and actively shape the students’ mindset as well as their mental, emotional, and spiritual preparedness to embrace marriage as an act of worship (ibadah) and a sacred trust (amanah). The study employed a qualitative approach with field research design. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and relevant literature review. The data were subsequently analyzed using descriptive-analytical methods to identify the relationship between the teaching of Hadiyyah al-‘Arus and the students’ marital readiness. The findings reveal that the systematic study of Hadiyyah al-‘Arus significantly shapes the students’ mindset. The santri no longer view marriage merely as a physical or social union but as a profound spiritual trust that demands religious, emotional, and moral preparedness. They emphasize the importance of selecting a spouse based primarily on religious commitment and good character (din and akhlaq), understanding the rights and obligations of husband and wife, and avoiding excessive or extravagant wedding celebrations (walimah). It can be concluded that Hadiyyah al-‘Arus serves as a highly effective medium for pre-marital education in the pesantren context, successfully fostering comprehensive understanding, positive attitudes, and awareness among female students toward building a tranquil, loving, and merciful family (sakinah mawaddah wa raḥmah). The study recommends the continued and systematic integration of classical turath texts into pesantren curricula as well as further research with broader and comparative scope.

This study aims to analyze the role of spiritual leadership of the kiai in strengthening the organizational resilience of Al-Asy’ary Islamic Boarding School in the era of Society 5.0. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the kiai, teachers, and students, as well as observation and supporting documentation. Data analysis followed the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the kiai’s spiritual leadership is a key determinant of pesantren resilience through the integration of transcendental, ethical-humanistic, and adaptive-progressive dimensions. The kiai successfully guides the selective and meaningful use of digital technology by positioning it as a means of service (khadam), rather than an end in itself. Leadership practices based on role modeling, moral values, and spiritual reinforcement foster students’ moral autonomy and create a stable organizational climate amid digital disruption. This study concludes that the resilience of traditional pesantren in the Society 5.0 era lies in the strength of spiritual values sustained through adaptive and continuous spiritual leadership.

Syiir is a series of beautiful and refined words composed through linguistic strength and rich imaginative expression. In the context of Islamic da’wah, syiir has long been used as one of the media or approaches by preachers (da’i) to convey religious messages to the community in a persuasive manner that touches emotional aspects. Explicitly, syiir has the ability to stimulate feelings, develop inner awareness, and instill moral and spiritual values, as reflected in various narratives and practices of earlier religious figures. This study, using an integrative–interconnective approach, aims to examine Madurese syiir composed by KH. Musfik Al-Karawi and broadcast through the amateur radio medium YG3AMP, with a focus on the level of community understanding and the resulting social impacts. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. The findings indicate that the Madurese syiir by KH. Musfik Al-Karawi provides a good level of understanding for the community and generates various positive social impacts. One of the most significant impacts is the transformation of community behavior, reflected in changes from unfavorable attitudes to better ones, and from good behavior to even better conduct in daily life.

This study was conducted based on the idea that understanding the values of worship contained in the Qur'an plays an important role in shaping the faith, obedience, and religious behavior of Muslims. Worship education is not only related to the formal and ritual implementation of religious commands, but also significantly influences the formation of attitudes, personality, and character in daily life. Therefore, an in-depth study of the ideas and foundations of worship education in the Qur'an is necessary so that these values can be properly understood and applied, especially in the field of education. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature study approach, focusing on the analysis of Qur'anic verses related to worship. It is supported by various sources such as tafsir books, Islamic education literature, and relevant scientific references. The findings indicate that worship education in the Qur'an emphasizes strengthening faith in Allah, developing consistency in worship practices, and fostering noble character. Furthermore, worship education helps balance the relationship between humans and the Creator while also enhancing social interactions among individuals. The values of worship contribute to the development of spiritual awareness, discipline, moral responsibility, and positive social behavior. In conclusion, worship education based on the Qur'an serves as a fundamental foundation for shaping Muslims who are faithful, possess good character, and are able to practice Islamic values comprehensively in their daily lives.

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in the digital age offers substantial benefits by enhancing efficiency and productivity. Nevertheless, these developments also pose significant challenges to the protection of human rights. Issues such as privacy violations, algorithmic bias, discrimination, and opaque automated decision-making highlight the need for a strong integration of ethical values and legal frameworks in the use of AI. This study applies a normative legal method supported by literature-based research to examine the existing regulatory frameworks and the ethical principles underpinning them. The findings indicate that ethical principles such as transparency, accountability, fairness, and human-centeredness serve as essential moral guidelines to prevent AI misuse. Meanwhile, legal rules ensure certainty, establish accountability mechanisms, and provide sanctions for violations. The synergy between ethics and law forms a crucial foundation to ensure that technological innovation aligns with the protection of human rights, upholds human dignity, and supports the creation of a safe and just digital environment

This study critically examines the emerging phenomenon of celebrity preachers as a significant form of religious commodification within the realm of digital da’wah. The rapid proliferation of social media has fundamentally transformed how religious messages are disseminated, with platforms like YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok becoming primary channels. Utilizing a quantitative methodology that combines comprehensive literature studies with online questionnaires distributed to social media users, this research investigates public perceptions regarding digital da’wah practices and high-profile preachers. The findings reveal a commodification process characterized by three key aspects: the tailoring of content to suit market preferences, the shift of audiences into active consumers, and the strategic construction of public images by preachers to sustain popularity. While respondents value the accessibility of digital da’wah, they strongly emphasize the necessity of ethical boundaries to preserve its spiritual essence. Consequently, digital da’wah requires sincerity, scholarly integrity, and moral responsibility to remain an authentic medium for Islamic teachings.

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has significantly transformed the education sector, including Islamic education. Digital transformation requires Islamic education to adapt while maintaining Islamic values as the foundation of learning. Islamic education faces challenges such as limited digital competence among educators, unequal technological infrastructure, and curricula that are not yet responsive to digital demands. Therefore, examining Islamic education in this era is essential. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic education in the Industrial Revolution 4.0, identify challenges and opportunities in digital adaptation, and explore development strategies integrating Islamic values with digital technology. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing relevant national and international journal articles published within the last five years. The findings indicate that Islamic education plays a crucial role in strengthening moral values and character amid rapid technological advancement, while digital integration offers opportunities for adaptive and competitive learning development.