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A person's preferences in choosing food are very subjective.  Currently, many young people prefer fast food or modern food over traditional food, because they think that modern food is prestigious food, without considering that fast food contains more chemicals which have side effects on health. Method  Data collection is by using a quantitative approach to obtain data in the form of numbers or statistics.  where data collection was carried out using a questionnaire whose contents were statements that could measure consumer perceptions. It turned out that after research was conducted on 23 students, 50% of these students consumed fast food more often than traditional food even though their understanding of chemicals and their effects was quite high.  beside him.  Judging from the results, 95.8% of the students knew that fast food contains more dangerous chemicals than traditional food. A high level of understanding of chemicals apparently does not affect a person's preference for the food they consume, because a person still prioritizes desires.  compared to needs, namely the need for food with few chemicals for health.  

Freedom of expression on social media for university students has complex implications and needs to be well considered. This research uses a combination approach of literature review, surveys, interviews, and content analysis to explore the legal and ethical perspectives on freedom of expression in social media for university students. The results show that freedom of expression on social media can affect the relationship between students and the government, have a great influence on social change, and produce positive impacts for students. However, students also face many challenges in the freedom of expression on social media, such as the threat of slander, online hatred, and other bad influences. Based on the research findings, we recommend increasing digital literacy and awareness of online ethics for university students. In addition, there needs to be clear and firm regulations to protect freedom of expression on social media, but also prevent violations of the law and ethics.  In conclusion, students' freedom of expression in social media has complex implications, requiring a deep understanding of both legal and ethical perspectives. Universities need to play a role in providing digital ethics education to students to ensure responsible use of social media in line with Pancasila values. Thus, this study contributes to the understanding of the complexities and challenges faced by university students in exercising freedom of expression in social media. 

This paper aims abnalyze The physical and psychosocial development of children and adolescents is a broad topic and complex. Children begin to develop the ability to think, learn, and remember, and begin to develop the ability to control emotions and interact with people other. In adolescence, individuals experience a transition between childhood and adulthood adult life is characterized by biological growth and development and psychological. Children's physical and psychosocial development of adolescents can begin with an explanation of the importance of understanding physical and psychosocial development during childhood and adolescence. Matter This is because this period is a very important period in a person's life, in where many significant changes and developments occurred. Additionally, understanding of Physical and psychosocial development during childhood and adolescence is also very important for parents, teachers and health workers in providing appropriate care and upbringing. Physical development during childhood and adolescence includes growth and development of body organs, nervous system, and motor abilities. Meanwhile development Psychosocial includes emotional, social and cognitive development. During childhood, Physical and psychosocial development is greatly influenced by the environment and upbringing accepted. Meanwhile, during adolescence, physical and psychosocial development is influenced by internal and external factors, such as hormonal changes, social environment, and pressure from friends peer. In discussing children's physical development and adolescent psychosocial development, it needs to be emphasized that each individual has different developments, depending on factors which influences it.

This research aims to determine the use of language styles, describe the diction and message to be conveyed in the poem "Perempuan yang Tergusur" by W.S Rendra. So also the poem " Perempuan yang Tergusur " is a poem with a theme of protest or social criticism. The problem of this research is how the language style in the poem " Perempuan yang Tergusur " is used by Rendra to voice social criticism of the reality that occurred. The method and theoretical basis used in this research is stylistics. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the results obtained are that Rendra uses several language styles of similes, comparisons and contradictions to describe the problems presented in the poem.

With globalization, modernization and digitalization, of course this has a big influence on everything. Apart from the many good influences, there are also quite a few bad influences that are very clear, such as rampant corruption, murders occurring everywhere, brawls between regions, burning of places of worship, weak laws, sexual harassment, robbery, and others. In this research, the author used a research method using the literature study method. The data taken comes from literature sourced from scientific journals in the form of articles, theses, theses, books and from other sources. There are several original characters of the Indonesian nation, including religious, love of the country, mutual cooperation, tolerance, friendliness and creativity. However, with globalization and modernization, this character is slowly fading until efforts are needed to reshape the character of the Indonesian nation.

In the Industrial Revolution 4.0, Indonesian people are faced with technological sophistication that makes them able to do anything and communicate without meeting. However, unlimited convenience has a negative impact on the social society of Indonesia based on diversity. The space for communication is increasingly limited because we rarely see others, and everyone becomes individualist and less sensitive. It is necessary to strengthen through sociodrama-based PPKn learning on diversity material to strengthen a sense of unity and unity. The purpose of this Classroom Action Research (PTK) is to improve learning outcomes on Indonesian diversity material with the sociodrama method of grade VII-E students in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year at SMP Negeri 40 Surabaya. The subject of research is students. The data collection uses tests and non-tests. Analytical techniques use qualitative and quantitative. The results showed an increase in learning outcomes on average 59.5 in the first cycle to 77.3 in the second cycle. For the highest value of 79 in the first cycle to 90 in the second cycle. As well as the value in the first cycle 30 in the first cycle to 62 in the second cycle. Sociodrama improves PPKn learning outcomes in Indonesian diversity material for grade VII-E students in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year at SMP Negeri 40 Surabaya.

This academic exploration delves into the nuanced competencies and dynamics shaping the academic journey of Semester 1 cadets at a distinguished Maritime Institute. Focusing on computer literacy, technological proficiency, and sociocultural influences, our qualitative descriptive approach seeks to unveil the intricate dimensions of contemporary maritime education. The assessment of computer literacy reveals varying competencies, urging the need for a tailored curriculum. While basics like office software and digital navigation are strong, disparities in data analysis proficiency call for targeted interventions. The implications highlight the necessity for a stratified curriculum, ensuring a comprehensive skill set in line with modern maritime demands. Cadets overwhelmingly endorse technology's role in enhancing education, signalling a paradigm shift. Positive attitudes towards online resources, digital simulations, and e-learning platforms advocate for an institutional embrace of cutting-edge tools. Recommendations focus on faculty development and increased technology integration, promising an enriched pedagogical landscape. The exploration of sociocultural influences uncovers a delicate balance between tradition and the necessity of English proficiency. Nuanced strategies are essential to integrate diverse cultural backgrounds. Recommendations call for cultural awareness initiatives and language support programs, aligning the institution with the global orientation of maritime education. In qualitative insights, cadets express a collective desire for a more intentional curriculum, particularly in incorporating cultural perspectives. This aligns with the broader scholarly discourse advocating for holistic education. Proposed avenues include workshops, seminars, and collaborations with cultural experts, providing a roadmap for curriculum development congruent with the diverse needs of Semester 1 cadets. This research, rooted in rigorous academic inquiry, serves as a guide for the Maritime Institute, steering its trajectory towards producing technologically adept professionals who are equally culturally astute, ready to navigate the complex global maritime landscape.

This research aims to determine the factors that cause corruption using the fraud triangle theory in literary media. The literary work that will be used as a source of research data is the novel entitled "86" by Okky Madasari. The problem that will be presented is about what factors influence the occurrence of corruption using the fraud triangle theory in the novel "86". This research is a type of qualitative research using the hermeneutic method or interpreting the meaning of the text. The conclusions obtained from this research are the results of the analysis carried out on the novel "86" by Okky Madasari, which shows the factors that cause acts of corruption, namely pressure, opportunity and justification.

Import substitution industrialization (ISI) is one of the industrial development strategies that has been implemented by many developing countries, including Indonesia. This strategy aims to reduce dependence on imported consumer and capital goods, as well as create jobs and increase domestic value added. In the early stages of its implementation, ISI has successfully driven industrial growth in Indonesia. However, along with technological development and global competition, ISI faces various challenges, one of which is competition from industries in other countries. Industrial competition is one of the important factors that affects industrial development. Healthy competition can encourage industries to innovate and improve efficiency, making them more competitive in the global market. This paper discusses the relationship between ISI and industrial competition in industrial development. This paper also discusses various policies that can be implemented to improve the competitiveness of Indonesian industries.

One of the technological developments in the economic sector that has had a big influence is Fintech, which is an innovation in the field of technology in terms of transactions for giving and receiving loans, without having to meet face to face, or what is better known as online loans. The legal provisions governing conventional agreements are the same as the legal provisions governing online agreements. Due to the negative impact of illegal online loans, it is necessary for the Community Service Team (PkM) of the Faculty of Law, University of Semarang (USM) to hold outreach and counseling with the theme "Increasing Understanding of the Trimulyo Genuk Semarang Community Regarding the Legal Aspects of Online Loan Agreements". This activity uses 5 (five) methods, namely, pre-test, counseling, question and answer, post-test and evaluation methods. The results of this activity showed an increase in public understanding by 69.2%.

Online gambling has the meaning of gambling that can be done through online platforms such as sites or online game applications that have the smell of gambling. With the convenience due to technological developments, it has also become easier for people to do online gambling. Online gambling as one of the negative technological developments in the electronics sector needs to be addressed from various angles because the impact is returned to its users, especially teenagers. The characteristics of adolescents who gamble online vary, so the purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics of adolescents who gamble online. The type of research used is quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The data collection used is to distribute a checklist of observations related to the description of the characteristics of online gambling. The results of the study of 30 respondents to the Characteristics of Online Gambling in Adolescents showed that the respondents who did online gambling on average graduated from high school as many as 18 respondents (60%), were male (93.3%), with an age range of at most 20 -22 years (66.7%), the type of gambling played is higgs domino (73.3%), and gambling using capital from their own work (93.3%). Many teenagers consider online gambling behavior normal.    

This article aims to find out learning-friendly aspects for children with special needs at Bungo Regency Elementary Schools. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection techniques include: observation and interviews. The research subjects or informants were the school principal and class teacher/homeroom teacher. The results of the research show that: (1) in this case the principal as the highest decision holder in an institution greatly influences the sustainability of children with special needs who wish to attend Normal School. (2) There are many problematic factors that exist regarding the implementation of a learning-friendly environment in the 3 elementary schools discussed in this article. However, the most basic and very influencing factor is the problem of the school not having special counselors for children with special needs but they accept children with special needs at the school. (3) The efforts made by the school to overcome the problems faced are that the school must first find a teacher who can specifically guide children with special needs so that these children can catch up with other normal children.

This research aims to determine the types of children's diversity in learning. The method used in the research is literature study or literature review. There are 2 journals that are suitable for this research. The results of this research show that children's diversity in learning is a phenomenon that is increasingly recognized as a key aspect in education. Children bring a variety of backgrounds, cultures, interests, and abilities to their learning environment. By embracing diversity, educators can create an inclusive environment and allow every child to develop to their potential.

This research discusses efforts to introduce cognitive learning theory into the 2013 curriculum in the educational environment. Her research focus is on understanding how key principles of cognitive learning theory, including concepts such as information processing, knowledge construction, and the development of higher-order thinking skills, can be integrated into new curriculum structures. Research methods include analysis of official 2013 curriculum documents, interviews with teachers, and observation of classroom learning practices. The results show that although real efforts have been made to adopt the principles of cognitive learning theory, their implementation still faces certain challenges. Limited resources, teacher understanding of cognitive concepts, and adaptation of learning materials are several important factors that influence successful implementation. Therefore, this research provides recommendations for improving teacher training, adapting learning materials, and increasing resource support so that the 2013 curriculum more effectively achieves students' cognitive learning goals.

This research discusses the implementation of the Project for Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students (P5) in the Independent Curriculum at the UNP Laboratory Development High School. The Merdeka Curriculum emphasizes the character of students with six main dimensions, such as faith, diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical thinking and creativity. Implementation of P5 is carried out through project-based activities involving these elements, with a focus on the theme "Local Wisdom." UNP Laboratory Development High School implements P5 every three months, involving all education stakeholders. P5 evaluation does not focus on written grades, but rather on strengthening character, especially local wisdom which describes the culture, identity and ethics of the local community. This program aims to prepare students to face the challenges of globalization while maintaining harmony with Pancasila values ​​and local wisdom. The research method used was qualitative with data collection through observation and interviews with the P5 coordinating teacher. The findings show that P5 involves project-based activities aimed at strengthening students' competencies and character in accordance with the Pancasila Student Profile. The implication of this research is the importance of character education that integrates local wisdom in learning to create a competent and characterful generation.

This research reveals the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) at SD Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP with the aim of understanding the implementation of P5 in the school. The research method used is qualitative with data collection through observation and interviews. The results showed that P5 has been implemented since the beginning of the semester of 2023, with activities taking place every three months. Full participation of students and the role of educator mentors are seen in the implementation of P5. P5 is themed "Sustainable Lifestyle," where each subject has different P5 activities. For example, in Mathematics the emphasis is on numeracy skills, Indonesian focuses on communication skills and poetry, Civics emphasizes attitudes in accordance with Pancasila, while Islamic Religion directs the formation of noble morals. This research shows that the implementation of P5 has a positive impact, improving cooperation, collaboration, and enthusiasm for learning for students.

Approach is an effort to achieve a goal and become successful. In the world of education, an approach can be defined as a plan, method, or series of activities aimed at achieving certain educational goals. A learning approach can be defined as a plan that includes a series of activities aimed at achieving certain educational goals. This research aims to find out how effective the game-based Indonesian language learning approach is in the independent curriculum. Background This research begins with the need to understand in depth the use of game-based learning approaches in the Independent Curriculum in Indonesian language subjects. Literature study method Studying previous research through literature study which is used to provide an understanding of previous results, both successes and challenges in implementing a game-based learning approach. This helps in research planning to take advantage of positive experiences and overcome obstacles that may arise.

Pregnancy exercises are beneficial for both mother and fetus. In mothers to reduce pain during childbirth and can strengthen the pelvic floor muscles and the mother's abdominal wall, improve blood circulation so as to accelerate the process of childbirth. This study aims to determine the relationship of factors that influence the motivation of mothers in the implementation of pregnant gymnastics in the Kuta Baro Community Health Center Working Area, Aceh Besar Regency. This study uses an analytic design that uses a cross sectional approach. The research population of all pregnant women in the Kuta Baro puskemas working area was 730 people, the research sample of pregnant women was 88 respondents. The sampling technique used in this research was Accidental Sampling. This research instrument uses a questionnaire sheet. The data collection was conducted on March 25 to April 19, 2023 in the Kuta Baro Community Health Center work area. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the knowledge factor and the implementation of pregnant gymnastics value (p=0.000). There is a significant relationship between the attitude factor and the implementation of pregnant gymnastics value (p=0.000). There is significant relationship between the factor of husband's support with implementation of pregnant gymnastics value (p=0.019). Conclusion There is a relationship between the factors that influence mothers in the implementation of pregnant gymnastics in the Kuta Baro Community Health Center Working Area, Kuta Baro District, Aceh Besar. It is expected that respondents can maximize the factors that exist in following regular pregnancy exercises.

Knowledge of the use of traditional medicine in the Toba Batak sub-ethnic has not been widely disclosed. This knowledge is passed down from generation to generation orally and has very limited documentation so it has the potential to be lost. Therefore, this research aims to describe local knowledge about the use of traditional medicine by the Toba Batak sub-ethnic in Sipagabu Village. Data collection methods were carried out using semi-structured interviews and participant observation with informants. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics. In this research, the informants consisted of 51 Toba Batak sub-ethnic people who had knowledge about the use of traditional medicine using 115 medicinal plants used, belonging to 100 genera and 49 families. The main families of medicinal plants used by the Toba Batak sub-ethnic community are Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Zingiberaceae, and Poaceae. Medicinal plants used to cure diseases are grouped into natural diseases, supernatural diseases, uncommon diseases, and certain diseases that are treated using traditional herbs.

The state's contribution from taxes amounts to 85%, indicating the dominant role of taxes in significantly contributing to the state's finances. This research aims to examine the influence of the self-assessment system and tax audits on the Value Added Tax (VAT) revenue. The self-assessment system emphasizes the active role of taxpayers in fulfilling their tax obligations; however, the potential for taxpayer non-compliance may negatively impact tax revenue. Therefore, tax audits are essential to balance the implementation of the self-assessment system and ensure that the filing of Tax Returns (SPT) aligns with the conditions of the taxable objects. This study employs a quantitative method with descriptive analysis. Data analysis involves multiple linear regression and testing classical assumptions such as multicollinearity, autocorrelation, normality, and heteroskedasticity. Hypothesis testing is conducted using t-tests and F-tests with the assistance of SPSS 22. A sample of 36 respondents was selected based on specific criteria, and secondary data were obtained from the Mulyorejo Primary Tax Office in the form of documents. The research findings indicate that simultaneously, the self-assessment system and tax audits do not significantly influence VAT revenue in the Mulyorejo Primary Tax Office during the period of 2020-2022. The implication is that while the active role of taxpayers and tax audits has potential impacts, their simultaneous implementation does not significantly contribute to the increased Value Added Tax revenue in the region.