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The aspect of language skills that a student needs to master and understand after listening is speaking skills. Speaking skills are very important in everyday life because humans are social creatures who talk to other people every day. The ability to pronounce sounds or articulate words to express, express thoughts, ideas and feelings is called speaking. Speaking skills are one of the skills that students want to develop. This type of research is library research, namely research carried out by analyzing and using written literature in the form of books, scientific journals and newspapers as the main source. This library research research approach is qualitative, namely research that emphasizes the analysis of previously existing data. The results of the research in the form of reading skills are really needed by elementary school students, especially high class students, to encourage their self-confidence. As we know, elementary school students, especially high class students, tend to have more social interactions both at school and outside school and are usually asked by teachers to do more work. group assignments, therefore speaking skills are the most important thing.

Bullying is any form of bullying or violence that is intentionally perpetrated by a stronger individual or group of people with the aim of inflicting physical, emotional, or psychological harm on others. Bullying can occur anywhere, including at school, and can be carried out by teachers, students, or adults in the school environment. Many cases of bullying today attract the attention of practitioners to intervene with victims of bullying. One of them is MR, a junior high school student who is a victim of bullying at his school. He often received treatment that indicated bullying from classmates. Through this activity, practitioners are interested in intervening with MR (client) regarding the bullying case he experienced. The purpose of this activity is to examine the causes of bullying against clients and help make behavioral changes in clients such as communication skills and increased self-confidence. The method used is casework intervention in identifying client problems. The results showed that the client became more confident when communicating with others and speaking in front of people and began to dare to defend himself if he received treatment that indicated bullying.

Learning in the era of independent curriculum development is an opportunity for educators and education units to improve competence. Active and participatory learning is one of the targets in developing learning to implement the independent curriculum. Case learning is something that can be applied to realize the learning objectives of the independent curriculum. this study aims to provide recommendations for developing learning in the implementation of an independent curriculum in Ambon City Public High School. The integration of the Exo Olo Task learning model developed in local wisdom-based case learning is part of what is developed in this goal. This research was conducted in the form of descriptive qualitative research. In this case, collaboration (cooperation) with several related parties (Stake holders) to develop a local wisdom-based case learning pattern that supports the implementation of an independent curriculum in Ambon City State High School. Data obtained through observations and interviews were analyzed using qualitative research techniques using the mile and huberman method and continued with policy direction analysis through AHP method analysis. Recommendations are given with priority to 1) Increasing the use of local wisdom cases as participatory teaching materials and media, 2) Development of strategies and mastery of educators in preparing lesson plans, 3) socialization of independent curriculum-based learning programs, 4) increasing partnerships in developing learning projects and improving character through the project of strengthening the profile of Pancasila students (P5), 5) educator literacy education through reflection with outputs in the form of scientific papers with a Consistency Ratio of 0.09.

The shift from a high school environment to a college environment brings greater demands. This condition can cause the emergence of the culture shock phenomenon. This phenomenon underscores the importance of students having the ability to adapt to all demands that arise during lectures. Lecture adaptation refers to student interaction with the lecture environment. Considering the fact that lecture adaptation is complex, the forms of lecture adaptation are divided into 4 including academic adaptation, social adaptation, emotional adaptation, and adaptation to the institution. The purpose of this study is to find out more deeply about the adaptation carried out by students who experience culture shock in lectures. This research uses a qualitative method, to find out more about the adaptation carried out by students. The results of the study found that 1 in 4 students had not reached the adjusment stage, due to the complexity of adaptation to lectures. The three students who succeeded in adapting were none other than their efforts by being open to change, learning to develop themselves, and social support from dominant friends to help students adapt.

Obesity, characterised by excessive or abnormal fat accumulation, poses significant health risks. The prevalence of obesity in Indonesia's adult population increased from 14.8% in 2013 to 21.8% in 2018, with central obesity rising from 26.6% to 31%. Contributing factors include genetics, lifestyle, psychological stress, and socioeconomic status. Although the Body Mass Index (BMI) is a standard measurement for assessing obesity, BMI does not accurately reflect the composition or distribution of body fat. Therefore, additional anthropometric measurements such as waist and hip circumference are essential. This activity uses the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Action) methodology to screen for obesity in adults at Kalam Kudus Middle School, West Jakarta. Of the 129 participants, 26 people (20.16%) were overweight and 35 people (27.14%) were obese. Waist circumference indicated central obesity in 61 women (47.29%) and 19 men (14.73%). Hip circumference showed that 9 men and women (6.98%) had a high risk of metabolic disease. Anthropometric measurements provide important insights into obesity and its health implications, emphasising the need for regular screening and lifestyle modification.

The topic of bullying is never discussed from time to time, the phenomenon of bullying is like an epidemic or a rapidly spreading disease that causes many victims. The phenomenon of bullying is increasingly growing because currently it is a modern era that cannot be separated from technological developments which have positive and negative impacts. Television or social media shows are easier for school-age children to imitate, especially behavior that is considered not good. For example, a fight scene that ends in bullying. Bullying occurs at every school level, from elementary school, middle school, high school to university, both public schools and religious schools and Islamic boarding schools. Bullying is carried out by students, teachers, parents and also school principals with the majority of victims being students. In order to protect and prevent bullying, the government has issued many laws such as the Child Protection Law, the Children's Criminal Justice System Law, the Minister of Education, Culture, Research and Technology Regulations, the Minister of State for Women's Empowerment and Child Protection Regulations, Guidebooks and Programs Anti-bullying from each school and various forms of efforts to anticipate and prevent bullying in schools. In fact, the various regulations issued by the Government have not been able to overcome bullying behavior, which will even increase by 30% in 2023 compared to 2022. This research will complement other research that has been carried out previously, using a different perspective, namely with the concept of sustainability. activities through the PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Action) system, which requires stakeholders (Government, Teachers, Parents, Students, Law Enforcement and all parties involved) to carry out systematic and holistic prevention efforts, which in every The steps taken must always be reviewed to find out whether the work plan made has succeeded in preventing or not being effective.  

One of the martial arts sports currently showing rapid development is Shorinji Kempo. In an effort to find potential athletes, it is necessary to provide outreach to the younger generation, among the younger generation the most appropriate are students who are in junior high school or equivalent, because on average they are very happy with martial arts sports. There is a need for shorinji kempo self-defense training at MTs. As a first step in introducing shorinji kempo self-defense at MTs Al-Falah, it is necessary to provide socialization about the basic techniques of self-defense in this area. From this socialization activity, it is hoped that it will attract the interest of MTs Al-Falah Pulubala students to take part in further training so that with the training that will be followed later, the seeds of Shorinji Kempo martial arts athletes will be created who in the future can make the name of the school and the name of the region and even our beloved country, Indonesia. . From the entire series of socialization activities for students at MTs AL-Falah Fi'lial Pulubala this gave quite good results, on average most of the students understood theoretically the history and philosophy of Shorinji Kempo martial arts and the most important thing was that most of the participants could perform a series of basic Shorinji technique movements.

The aim of this research is to find the problems of advanced writing skills of upper elementary school students, and provide solutions. The research method used is a literature review. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are two factors that cause students' difficulties in writing at a high level, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include students' weak motor skills, weak visual memory, low students' interest and motivation to learn, and finally students' study habits in class and at home. Meanwhile, external factors include lack of attention from parents towards students, an atmosphere at home that is less supportive, environmental conditions and finally the influence of social media. The lack of writing skills in elementary school students may also be caused by the less than optimal use of innovative learning methods. One way to optimize the writing learning process and increase students' writing motivation is to increase students' interest in writing through interesting learning models and learning media.

The implementation of this research aims to analyze the PjBL learning model by implementing Artsteps media in fostering learning motivation of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar class XII IPA-5 in the 2023/2024 school year in fine arts subjects. This research is a type of PTK with two cycles, each cycle involving 4 stages of research, namely, (a) planning stage; (b) implementation stage; (c) observation stage; and (d) reflection stage. The subjects in the study were students of SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar class XII IPA-5 which numbered 46 students. Then the methods applied by researchers in collecting research data include literature study, documentation, performance assessment, and observation. The method implemented in data analysis is a quantitative descriptive method, where quantitative methods are implemented to test student performance. Based on the test results that have been carried out in cycle I, the lowest and highest scores in SMA Negeri 8 Denpasar class XII IPA-5 are obtained, namely 60 and 90 with a mean learning outcome of 73. So the success rate of learning outcomes is 72%. Then in cycle II, the lowest and highest scores were obtained at 80 and 95 with a mean learning outcome of 89. Then the learning success rate reached 100%. This indicates that the motivation of students to learn in fine arts subjects has increased as evidenced by the existence of increasingly optimal learning outcomes.

In the industrial era 4.0 and advanced technology like today, teachers are faced with very tough challenges, especially PAI teachers, whose learning requires a clearer and more concrete picture. In this era, sources of information or learning are very easy to obtain, learning models and media are very innovative and formal education is required to produce quality students. This research is about how the independent learning program and its implementation in PAI learning for class X at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan , aims to find out about the independent learning program and its implementation in PAI learning in increasing the critical thinking of class X students at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan . This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with field study methods and data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the research on the implementation of the independent learning program in PAI class X at SMA Darul Hikmah Burneh Bangkalan , learning includes 3 aspects (intracurricular, co-curricular and extracurricular). With learning media using teaching modules, power points and computers.  

This research aims to analyze the influence of family environment interactions on the social-emotional behavior of early childhood. The aim of this research is to find out how much influence family environment interactions have on the social-emotional behavior of early childhood. The method used is meta-analysis, by describing the results of analysis from various studies that have been published nationally in Indonesia, then calculating the effect size. The research sample consisted of ten articles published in accredited national journals in the 2017-2021 period. The instrument used is a coding sheet containing data and information on findings from each article. The results of the analysis show that the average correlation value between family environment interactions and early childhood social-emotional behavior is 0.71, which is included in the high category. These findings indicate that interactions in the family environment have a significant influence on the development of social-emotional behavior in early childhood, and play an important role in forming positive behavior in children.

The ability to read is a basic skill that is very important in students' lives, both in academic contexts and in everyday life. Thus, evaluation of reading learning is very important in improving students' reading skills, supporting students' academic achievement, and providing a strong foundation for future learning. The method used in this research is literature review or literature review. The results of the research are: (1) Evaluation of reading learning in higher classes is an assessment process carried out by teachers to measure students' reading abilities at the upper secondary or secondary school level. (2) the types of learning evaluation are divided into 2, namely formative and summative evaluations, (3) the purpose of reading learning evaluation is to ensure that students develop the necessary reading skills and that reading teaching is effective.

The background is based on conditions during the teaching and learning process, teachers still apply lecture, question and answer and discussion methods so that teachers appear more active. Furthermore, the impact of Covid-19 requires online learning, which causes a lack of enthusiasm for students to participate in learning. This research aims to determine the effect of the guided inquiry learning model on the learning motivation and activity of class VIII students in Jerneg Hamlet. The research method used is Quasi experiment with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all junior high school students in class VIII in Jerneng Hamlet. Sampling used an incidental technique with a total of 20 students, 10 students for the experimental class and 10 students for the control class. The data in this study was taken by giving a pretest and posttest to each class. The data collection technique for the learning motivation variable uses a 20-item questionnaire. Meanwhile, the data collection technique for student activity uses a 15-item questionnaire. Data collection techniques by providing questionnaires, observation sheets and documentation. Data analysis uses Validity Test, Reliability Test, Normality Test, Homogeneity Test and T Test. Based on the results of hypothesis testing on the guided inquiry learning model on student learning motivation, it shows that F = 3.825; sig<0.05. Meanwhile, the results of hypothesis testing on student activity show that F = 1.974; sig<0.05. Based on the results above, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the guided inquiry learning model on the learning motivation and activity of class VIII students in Jerneng Hamlet.

Educators are highly respected figures in schools because they have a big role in the success of learning. The focus of research in this thesis is (1) What are the factors that influence passive students in social studies learning in class VIII at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan, Blitar Regency? (2) What are the teacher's efforts to overcome passive students in class VIII social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan, Blitar Regency? The research objectives of this thesis are (1) To explain the factors that influence passive students in social studies learning in class VIII at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan, Blitar Regency (2) To explain teachers' efforts in overcoming passive students in class VIII social studies learning in junior high schools. Negeri 2 Kademangan Blitar Regency. This research is research using a descriptive qualitative approach. The results obtained from this research are (1) There are two factors that influence passive students in social studies learning in class VIII at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan Blitar Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year, the first is external factors, namely the family environment and the school environment. The two internal factors are feeling lazy, feeling sleepy, not liking social studies subjects and students' inadequate nutrition. (2) The teacher's efforts to overcome passive students in class VIII social studies learning at SMP Negeri 2 Kademangan Blitar Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year are the first to motivate students with the class VIII social studies teacher always motivating students, using interesting learning methods. group discussions, giving punishments, developing teaching media.

Acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) is still one of the important public health problems to pay attention to, because it is an acute disease that can cause death of toddlers in various developing countries including Indonesia. This study aims to determine the level of parental knowledge about handling ARI in toddlers in the Palasari Subang Health Center work area. This research method uses quantitative descriptive with descriptive design. The sampling method in this study used purposive sampling with certain considerations of 55 people. The research instrument used a questionnaire for handling ARI. The results of this study are that the majority of respondents are 26-35 years old, namely 28 people (50.9%), most respondents are female with 47 people (85.5%), with most respondents working as housewives, namely 41 people (74.5%) and the last education is high school graduates, namely 28 people (50.9%). Where the results of the level of knowledge of respondents at the Palasari Subang Health Center, most respondents have moderate knowledge, namely 39 people (69.1%). It can be concluded that the level of knowledge of respondents regarding the handling of ISPA is mostly in the moderate category, the age of respondents is mostly 26-35 years old, the majority of respondents' jobs are as housewives and the majority of respondents' education is high school level. Parents' knowledge in the good category is expected to be able to increase their knowledge about the transmission of ISPA in toddlers by seeking information about ISPA in toddlers from cadres, health workers at health centers or other information media.

The research was carried out on the problem of the ability to understand mathematical material in the students of classes VII-H of the State 3 Surabaya High School. There are students who have the ability to understand material low, medium, and high. There are also students' learning needs that are not fulfilled so that they affect the learning outcomes of students. The aim of this study is to improve the learning outcomes of students through differential learning. The research uses the Class Action Research (PTK) method with a quantitative approach and data collection techniques using the results of individual student tasks. The results of the study using differential learning showed that the increased learning outcomes seen from pre-cycle activities were 18% up to 41% in the first cycle, then in the second cycle showed an increase with a percentage of 82%. From these results it can be concluded that the research using the differentiation learning was successful in improving the learning outcome of students of classes VII-H of the 3rd State Sub-secondary School of Surabaya at the point of mathematics lessons Data Presentation.

This research aims to determine the implementation of Pancasila values in elementary schools based on previous articles. The research method uses a qualitative research approach or descriptive approach, and the basis for the discussion is obtained from the results of literature searches for existing sources of books, journals and relevant articles. These findings highlight the factors that influence the poor implementation of Pancasila values in elementary schools. Efforts to overcome this include making improvements by revising the curriculum, developing teaching methods, improving teacher role models, and providing adequate facilities so as to increase awareness of Pancasila values among students. It is hoped that internalization can be encouraged and students will increasingly develop into individuals with character and integrity in the spirit of Pancasila.  

Curriculum management is very important to study or research to find out how it is implemented in education in Indonesia, especially in junior high and high school level schools. To obtain data that is relevant to the research theme, this research used a qualitative research method with a descriptive type, namely research that describes or describes certain situations based on data obtained in detail according to the problems set out in this research. The research is a case study which aims to analyze the Implementation of Curriculum Management at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Medan. The results of the research show that the implementation of curriculum management at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Medan has been carried out in a structured and gradual manner for the students. However, there are still challenges or obstacles in implementing effective learning according to the curriculum for students. This is because subject teachers often forget to create or prepare teaching materials that are in accordance with the curriculum determination for students.  

Framing is understood as the process of how someone classifies, organizes, and interprets their social experiences to understand themselves and the reality outside themselves. The current situation of radicalism raises serious concerns and needs to be watched out for. In Indonesia, radicalism is generally related to religious extremism, especially in the Islamic context. Several Islamic extremist groups in Indonesia have emerged and caused tension in society. This research aims to define the problem, estimate the source of the problem, assess morals, and emphasize solving problems that occur at the Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding School on the online media Kompas.com. The theory used in this research is Robert N. Entman's framing analysis theory. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques use documentation and observation. Analyze data by means of data reduction, data presentation, and summary. The results of this research show the essence of the construction formed by the online media Kompas.com by looking at Robert N. Entman's dimensions, namely the selection of issues and highlighting aspects related to the selection of complex facts and realities and how the news is written. Overall, Kompas.com reports regarding the Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding School which is affiliated with the NII at this early stage, based on the author's observations, it tends to refer more to the MUI which is struggling to be able to prove clearly and in detail to prove that the Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding School is definitely affiliated with the NII. However, there are several things and several parties who are trying to prevent this from being revealed, but the MUI team does not want to explain this. In framing the news about the NII-affiliated Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding School case, it emphasizes the extent to which the Al-Zaytun Islamic Boarding School case has been handled and which parties are involved in this case.  

This research aims to determine the interest and motivation of vocational school students in continuing their education to higher education. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The research population was students from Tunas Bangsa Vocational School, while the research sampel was students in class XII, totaling 142 people and 59 people as the sample. The research methode used is quantitative, where the author analyzes the relationship between variables using SPSS version 25 software. The results of the analysis of the classical assumption test with the normality test proved that the data was not normally distributed. The results of the analysis of the relationship between variables prove that learning achievement has an influence on interest in continuing higher education, as well as learning motivation has a positive and significant impact on interest in continuing higher education. Simultaneous test results of learning achievement and learning motivation have a positive and significant effect on ineterst in continuing higher education, the contribution of learning achievement and learning motivation to interest in continuing higher aducation is 67,8% and the remainder is influenced by other variables not researched by the author.