Publication Search

This study explores the personal competencies of Christian leaders in the church context. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, this research analyzes biblical texts and related literature to understand the values and principles underlying effective Christian leadership. The primary focus of this research is on the characteristics of leaders that reflect Christ’s teachings, such as humility, love, and integrity. Additionally, this study discusses the challenges faced by Christian leaders in serving the congregation and how they can overcome these obstacles through spiritual development and community building. The results are expected to provide insights into best practices in leadership, as well as recommendations to strengthen faith communities and enhance the effectiveness of church ministry. By understanding Christian leadership in depth, it is hoped that better leaders can emerge, capable of inspiring and empowering congregations in carrying out the church’s mission.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi dan efektivitas penggunaan HPAI Sales Integrated Sistem (HSIS) dalam pencatatan transaksi sederhana pada Business Center (BC) Halalmart HNI Sidoarjo 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, mengumpulkan data melalui observasi langsung, wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan pengelola dan staf, serta analisis dokumen terkait penggunaan HSIS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi HSIS memberikan dampak positif signifikan dalam meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, akurasi data, dan transparansi proses bisnis. Sistem ini terbukti user-friendly dan mudah diadaptasi oleh pengguna, dengan fitur-fitur terintegrasi yang mencakup pencatatan transaksi, manajemen inventaris, dan pelaporan real-time. HSIS berhasil mengotomatisasi proses pencatatan transaksi, mengurangi human error, dan memberikan dukungan yang kuat untuk pengambilan keputusan manajemen melalui fitur analytics dan reporting. Namun, penelitian juga mengidentifikasi beberapa tantangan, terutama ketergantungan tinggi pada konektivitas internet, kebutuhan pelatihan pengguna untuk fitur-fitur advance, dan perlunya adaptasi proses bisnis dari sistem manual ke digital. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa HSIS efektif meningkatkan efisiensi waktu operasional dan kepuasan pelanggan, namun memerlukan langkah mitigasi untuk mengatasi tantangan teknis guna memastikan kontinuitas operasional yang optimal.

Assertive is a form of learning that forms the identity of an individual. Assertive ability can also bring up communication skills that can assist individuals in carrying out their social demands. Assertive behavior is important for children to have to prevent sexual violence, bullying and communication difficulties in children. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pop up books in increasing assertiveness in children. The method used in this study is an experimental research method which uses a pre-test post-test control group design. Data collection was carried out through observation with the checklist recording technique. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis. The subjects in this study were class II children of SD Negeri Padang Lua for the 2022/2023 academic year, aged 8-9 years. Based on the results of the pre-post test analysis, there was a significant difference in the form of an increase in assertive behavior in the experimental group. This proves that the use of pop up books is effective in increasing assertiveness in children. It is hoped that future researchers will implement this research in a more conducive environment and with a longer intervention time.

Various studies show that learning evaluation instruments in the field still dominantly emphasize memorization aspects and do not fully measure students' higher-level thinking skills. The mismatch between learning objectives and evaluation instruments has an impact on the low validity of learning outcomes. This research aims to identify fundamental principles in the development of test-based evaluation instruments and assess their effectiveness in representing learning outcomes. This research adopts qualitative method with descriptive-analytical research type and uses literature review technique. Data were collected through documentation study of national journal articles, textbooks, and relevant digital documents. The technique applied to analyze the data was content analysis. The findings of this study indicate that an effective evaluation instrument must fulfill the principles of validity, reliability, objectivity, and practicality, and be supported by the principles of integration, pedagogical value, accountability, and continuity. Instruments built based on these principles not only act as instruments for measuring cognitive achievement, but also as reflection tools that encourage the spirit of learning and continuous improvement of teaching.  

The objective of this journal article is to present the findings of a dissemination activity concerning effective methods for studying legal science within faculties of law. This initiative responds to the persistent issue of the low quality of law graduates from institutions of higher education in Indonesia. The dissemination of effective learning methods in legal studies reveals that the improvement of campus facilities, paricularly classroom, libraries, and the overall safety of the academic environment must be prioritized alongside the enchancement of teaching staff quality. Such enhacement may be pursued by increasing lecturer’s income, thereby allowing them to concentate solely on reserch and teaching without the burden of administrative duties. Improved lecturer quality is expected to contribute significantly to academic quality of law graduates. This is due to the fundamental principle that effective legal education requires extensive reading, which is facilitated through library devolepment, as well as the frequent practice of procedural law, which necessitates the availibility of a legal laboratory in the form of a moot coourt facility.

Organizational communication is crucial in enhancing performance, productivity, and creating a harmonious work environment. In management psychology, communication serves as a tool for information exchange and a means to build interpersonal relationships and manage conflicts. This study employs a literature review method by analyzing five key articles related to organizational communication. The results indicate that effective communication can enhance motivation, reduce conflicts, and strengthen employee engagement. Barriers such as perceptual differences and information overload can be addressed through appropriate communication strategies, including the use of technology and psycholinguistic approaches. Therefore, good communication should be a priority within organizations to create a more efficient and collaborative work system

Digital transformation is a strategic step taken by organizations to improve efficiency, competitiveness, and service quality through the use of digital technology. One of the key elements in supporting the success of digital transformation is effective metadata management. Metadata, as data about data, plays an important role in improving the accessibility, interoperability, and integrity of digital information. This article discusses how systematic and standardized metadata management can optimize the digitalization process, accelerate information retrieval, and support data-based decision making. With a literature study approach and best practice analysis, this article outlines a metadata management strategy that can be integrated into the digital transformation framework. The results of the study show that the implementation of appropriate metadata policies, the use of supporting technology, and increasing data literacy in the organizational environment are determining factors in creating a resilient and adaptive digital ecosystem.

Classroom management is a crucial aspect in creating a conducive learning environment, both in face-to-face and online learning. These articles discuss various classroom management strategies and approaches applied at various levels of education, from elementary school to college. Some of the main findings include: 1). The Importance of Planning and Organizing 2). Inhibiting Factors and Solutions 3). The Role of Teachers and the Learning Environment 4). Recommendations for Improvement Good classroom management not only improves the effectiveness of learning but also encourages active participation of students. Further research is needed to develop a classroom management model that is adaptive to technological developments and educational needs in the digital era.

. Freezing is a widely used preservation method to extend the shelf life of food, yet conventional freezing often produces large ice crystals that damage tissue structures and reduce product quality. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ultrasound-assisted freezing technology in improving the quality of frozen food. A literature review method was employed, focusing on scientific publications from 2015 to 2025. The results show that ultrasound application, particularly High-Intensity Ultrasound (HIUS), can accelerate the freezing rate by enhancing ice nucleation and improving heat transfer efficiency. The formation of smaller and more uniformly distributed ice crystals helps preserve the structural integrity of food and reduces water loss during thawing. The effectiveness of this technology varies depending on the type of food material, temperature, duration, and ultrasound intensity. In animal-based products, it helps maintain texture and color, while in plant-based materials, it preserves moisture content and firmness. However, excessively high intensity may pose a risk of protein denaturation, especially in sensitive materials such as fish. These findings suggest that ultrasound-assisted freezing is a promising innovative solution to improve both the quality and efficiency of the food freezing process.

Tulisan ini membahas pendekatan refleksi teologis menggunakan metode lingkaran pastoral dalam konteks pendidikan Kristen. Lingkaran pastoral, yang terdiri dari tahapan melihat, menilai, bertindak, dan merayakan, menjadi alat yang efektif untuk mengintegrasikan pengalaman hidup dengan ajaran Kristiani. Pendekatan ini bertujuan agar pendidikan Kristen tidak hanya bersifat teoritis, tetapi juga membentuk karakter, spiritualitas, dan kepekaan sosial peserta didik. Dalam menghadapi tantangan globalisasi dan kompleksitas sosial, refleksi teologis ini memberikan ruang bagi peserta didik untuk memahami iman secara kontekstual dan menjadi agen perubahan dalam masyarakat. Dengan penerapan yang tepat, pendidikan Kristen berbasis lingkaran pastoral dapat melahirkan individu yang memiliki iman kuat serta komitmen nyata terhadap nilai-nilai Kerajaan Allah.  

This study aims to examine the implementation of management psychology in effective school management, highlighting the importance of psychological approaches in supporting teacher performance, educational staff welfare, and student engagement. Using a literature study method, data were collected from various academic sources in the last five years and analyzed descriptively-qualitatively to identify concepts, strategies, and the impact of management psychology in educational environments. The results of the study indicate that the application of management psychology principles such as democratic leadership, empathetic communication, and motivational reinforcement can create a conducive work climate, improve teacher performance, and support the effectiveness of overall school management. By understanding the psychological dynamics of individuals in schools, educational institutions can be more adaptive in facing challenges and creating a productive and holistic learning environment.

This research uses a qualitative method to examine effective marketing strategies implemented by Islamic banks in enhancing competitiveness in the digital era. Amid increasingly intense competition in the financial industry and rapid technological advancements, Islamic banks are required to adapt and utilize various digital platforms as marketing tools. This study focuses on analyzing digital marketing strategies such as the use of social media, mobile banking, and content marketing to build brand awareness and customer loyalty. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with Islamic banking practitioners and observation of their digital marketing activities. The findings reveal that integrating sharia values with digital technology creates a unique, relevant, and highly competitive marketing approach. Furthermore, the ability of Islamic banks to understand the needs of the millennial and Gen Z generations is a key factor in expanding their market share. Therefore, adaptive, innovative, and value-based marketing strategies are essential foundations for facing the digital era.

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi peran manajemen risiko digital dalam meningkatkan keamanan siber Industri 4.0. Adopsi teknologi canggih seperti IoT, sistem siber-physical, dan AI berbanding lurus dengan meningkatnya risiko keamanan siber baru, sehingga perlu pendekatan manajemen risiko yang kuat. Tinjauan ini mensintesis penelitian terbaru (2020–2024) dari sumber Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Scopus, dan ACM Digital Library. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah identifikasi strategi utama dalam mitigasi risiko siber, seperti kerangka kerja penilaian risiko yang komprehensif, pemantauan ancaman secara real-time, dan kebijakan keamanan yang adaptif. Studi literatur menekankan pentingnya mengintegrasikan langkah-langkah keamanan siber dalam proses transformasi digital untuk melindungi sistem manufaktur dan infrastruktur kritis. Upaya kolaboratif antara pemangku kepentingan industri, penyedia teknologi, dan regulator sangat penting untuk membangun ekosistem industri yang tangguh dan aman. Hasil studi literatur menunjukkan bahwa manajemen risiko digital yang efektif sangat penting untuk menjaga keberlanjutan dan keamanan data sensitif di era Industri 4.0, serta menghadapi ancaman siber yang terus berkembang.

Tuberculosis (TB) is currently a public health problem in the world, especially in Indonesia. Pulmonary TB is ranked 2nd as the main cause of death from infectious diseases after Human Immuno deficiency Virus (HIV). Pulmonary Tuberculosis is easily spread through the air when people who are sick with Pulmonary Tuberculosis release bacteria through the coughing mechanism. The spread of these bacteria is through sputum splashes or droplet nuclei released by TB sufferers through coughing, sneezing or talking face to face. The increase in TB cases is related to the degree of health in the community. The biggest factors that affect the degree of health are environmental factors and community behavior itself which can be detrimental to health. Risk factors for Tuberculosis transmission are environmental factors and behavioral factors, environmental factors include ventilation, housing density, temperature, lighting and humidity. While behavioral factors include smoking habits, spitting or throwing phlegm anywhere, coughing or sneezing without covering the mouth and the habit of not opening windows and not implementing clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS). This research method is a quantitative study with statistical tests with a cross-sectional design. This study was conducted at SMP 4 Ulee Rubek, North Aceh in November 2024. The research sample consisted of 15 children, Data collection techniques using questionnaires. Data analysis used descriptive statistical tests to test adolescents' knowledge about how to prevent TB. In addition to effective coughing, there are several ways to control pulmonary tuberculosis, namely by cultivating a clean and healthy life and cultivating ethical coughing behavior.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai seberapa efektif metode pembelajaran yang beragam dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa tentang jenis-jenis dan tanda-tanda hari kiamat pada siswa kelas 5 SDN Sumberjaya 3 dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI). Metode yang dipakai adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan pendekatan Kemmis dan McTaggart yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus melalui langkah-langkah perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Terdapat 17 siswa yang menjadi subjek penelitian ini. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman yang signifikan di antara siswa, yang terlihat dari persentase ketuntasan belajar yang meningkat dari 30% di siklus sebelumnya menjadi 65% pada Siklus I, dan mencapai 100% di Siklus II. Penggunaan metode ceramah yang beragam, digabungkan dengan media visual, diskusi, dan interaksi aktif, terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan minat dan pemahaman siswa terhadap materi agama yang bersifat abstrak. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penggunaan metode ceramah yang bervariasi sebagai salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang efektif untuk Pendidikan Agama Islam di tingkat sekolah dasar.

Penelitian ini berjudul "Analisis Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga sebagai Alasan Yuridis Cerai Gugat (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Agama Kwandang)". Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis implementasi ketentuan hukum terkait kekerasan dalam rumah tangga (KDRT) sebagai dasar cerai gugat, serta mempertimbangkan faktor-faktor penyebab perceraian yang menjadi alasan yuridis di Pengadilan Agama Kwandang. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris (socio-legal research), yaitu dengan menelaah peraturan perundang-undangan dan penerapannya di masyarakat melalui studi putusan pengadilan dan wawancara dengan hakim. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KDRT merupakan alasan sah untuk cerai gugat dan memiliki dasar hukum yang kuat. Ketentuan perundang-undangan secara komprehensif telah mengatur KDRT sebagai alasan gugatan cerai. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan harmonisasi regulasi antara UU Perkawinan, PP No. 9 Tahun 1975, UU PKDRT, dan KHI guna memberikan kepastian hukum yang lebih jelas. Selain itu, diperlukan layanan pendampingan psikologis dan hukum bagi korban KDRT serta prosedur khusus yang lebih cepat dan sederhana dalam menangani perkara cerai karena KDRT agar perlindungan terhadap korban menjadi lebih efektif.  

The rapid development of information technology has accelerated the transformation of public services in Indonesia toward digitalization. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness level of digitalization in administrative services at the Medan Amplas District Office. A qualitative approach was used, employing a literature review method by collecting data from books, scientific journals, policy documents, and institutional performance reports. The results show that the digitalization of administrative services in Medan Amplas District has improved service timeliness, cost and procedure transparency, and public satisfaction, with system adoption rates increasing from 30% to 65% between 2018 and 2022. Digitalization has also provided benefits in terms of time and cost efficiency, as well as enhanced staff productivity. However, several challenges remain, such as infrastructure limitations, uneven digital competencies among staff, regulatory inconsistencies, and organizational culture resistance to change. In conclusion, the digitalization of administrative services at Medan Amplas District has been effective but still requires continuous improvement in technical aspects, human resource capacity building, regulatory harmonization, and cultural change to achieve sustainable optimization of public services.

Preparing effective programs is an important aspect in ensuring the success of an organization. This process includes formulating a program editorial that is clear, systematic and easy to understand as well as determining the person in charge in accordance with the competencies and tasks given. This research discusses how to prepare an efficient program editorial, starting from identifying goals to developing appropriate strategies. Apart from that, selecting a person in charge who has the capability to run the program is also a key factor for success. With structured editorial and optimal distribution of responsibilities, the program can run more effectively, efficiently and according to the targets that have been set. The method used in this research is literature study using journals, books and research relevant to the title. The results of the research are to provide understanding or guidance in designing strategies and programs so that they can be implemented optimally in various fields. By studying this article, researchers hope that this research will be able to open the horizons of knowledge for its readers.

Learning strategies are crucial because this is the first step given by the teacher. The step that needs to be considered is determining the learning strategy that will accommodate the development of students. The main teacher can choose the best teaching methods and strategies to create excellent learning, adjust the material to the students' abilities, and enable students to receive knowledge transfer. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to explore project-based religious learning strategies applied in the Islamic Religious Education subject at SMP Muhammadiyah 05 Medan Denai. This approach was chosen to deeply explore the practices, experiences, and impact of learning on the religious awareness of the students. Interviews with students show that involvement in the project has made them better understand religious values in real life. Some students admitted to starting to pray on time, being more diligent in reading the Quran, and being more concerned about the social environment. This shows that the religious project encourages the internalization of values through direct experience, not just memorization or theory. This learning not only strengthens the understanding of Islamic material but also instills religious values through real practices that can be directly experienced by the students. Some forms of projects, such as mini-dawah, infaq movements, and adab campaigns, have proven to enrich students' experiences and enhance their awareness of Islamic values in daily life. Islamic education teachers play an important role as facilitators, not only guiding students in project activities but also providing space for reflection and evaluation. Students feel more motivated and actively engaged in the learning process, which leads to changes in their religious behavior, such as increased discipline in worship and a greater sense of care for their surroundings.    

The phenomenon underlying this research indicates an increase in self-harming behavior among junior high school students. This study aims to reduce such behavior through group counseling using cognitive behavioral techniques, specifically cognitive restructuring. The research method employed is a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest. The results show a decrease in self-harm behavior scores among the students. This is supported by the paired sample t-test statistical analysis, which indicates a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000, meaning it is less than 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that group counseling using cognitive behavioral techniques, particularly cognitive restructuring, is effective in reducing self-harm behavior among students at SMP Negeri 1 Rajadesa. The behavioral changes observed in students after participating in this counseling include a decrease in the frequency of self-harm, improved emotional stability, enhanced coping skills, increased self-awareness, and greater social involvement.