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This study aims to analyze the life philosophy of the Silalahi clan within the Batak ethnic group and its relation to the First Principle of Pancasila, namely, Belief in One Supreme God. The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive method. This study explores the religious and cultural values upheld by the Silalahi clan and how these values align with the principle of Belief in One Supreme God. The findings reveal that the Silalahi clan holds a life worldview deeply grounded in strong religious and spiritual faith. These values are reflected through various traditional ceremonies, religious rituals, and life principles that emphasize harmony and piety towards God. Therefore, there is a substantial correlation between the life philosophy of the Silalahi clan and the First Principle of Pancasila, demonstrating how traditional values can reinforce national identity.

Movies can be used as a means of sending messages, for example in the form of moral messages contained in a movie. Moral message contained in a movie the definition of morals in the dictionary is the good and bad of a person's actions and behavior. This research is intended to explain how women's self-confidence in the movie Imperfect. This research also aims to find out the reality, representation and ideology of women's self-confidence contained in the film's storyline that can be implemented in everyday life which discusses how women's self-confidence in appearance. The design in this research uses the Semantic Analysis method of  Charles Sanders Pierce by taking the constructivism paradigm to see the moral message in moral message in the movie Imperfect. The results of this study explain that there are several body shaming behavior, namely looking at the physical, mockery and ridicule and the positive side is the existence of self-esteem in religious tolerance. positive side is the existence of self-esteem in religious tolerance, attention and self-confidence. The conclusion shows that body shaming behavior can make those who are bullied make those who are bullied so insecure that it is very disturbing mentally, while the nature of every body shaming is that it is mentally, while in essence every human being needs to get self-esteem from respect for themselves, others, and others. self-esteem from respect for himself, others, as well as the environment and life.

Local wisdom is considered as part of the culture and identity of indigenous peoples, which contains values, norms, ethics, beliefs, customs and traditions developed through social and cultural interactions. This research focuses on one of the traditions in Indonesia, namely the larung offering ceremony. Larung offerings is a religious ritual as a form of gratitude to God. In this research, it was found that the Javanese Blitar indigenous people still maintain the tradition of larung offerings as part of their culture and beliefs. The research method used is a literature study by collecting data from written sources. The purpose of writing this article is to find out the existence of the Blitar Javanese traditional community carrying out offerings and how customary and Islamic law influences this process.

This research aims to determine the magnitude of the influence of Ice Breaking on the Learning Activeness of Christian Religious Education (PAK) of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 Academic Year." The hypothesis of this research is that there is a positive and significant influence of Ice Breaking on the learning activeness of class VIII PAK students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli district for the 2023/2024 academic year. This research is correlational research that uses inferential quantitative methods. The population is all class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon who are Protestant Christians, totaling 190 people. Sample Based on Random Sampling of Class VIII Students of Sipoholon State Middle School, 15% of 190 students were taken, namely 30 people. The instrument for this research is a closed questionnaire with 34 items. The questionnaire trial was carried out on 29 students outside the research respondents. "The results of the analysis of the values rcount=0.745>rtabel=0.361 and tcount=5.909>2.048 show that there is an influence between Ice Breaking on the Learning Activeness of Christian Religious Education (PAK) of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon in the 2023/2024 Academic Year." Hypothesis testing obtained Fcount=5.994>Ftable=2.16. This research concludes that there is a positive and significant influence between Ice Breaking on the Learning Activeness of Christian Religious Education (PAK) of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 1 Sipoholon for the 2023/2024 Academic Year" amounting to 55.5%, so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. In connection with the results of this research, the author provides input for PAK teachers to increase the use of Ice Breaking with students so that student activity increases.    

The objectives of this study are 1) to determine the effect of giving reinforcement by Christian Religious Education Teachers on the learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Class IX Students of SMP N 1 Palipi in the 2023/2024 Learning Year; 2) to determine the effect of giving reinforcement by Counseling Guidance Teachers on the learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Class IX Students of SMP N 1 Palipi in the 2023/2024 Learning Year; 3) to determine the effect of giving reinforcement by Christian Religious Education Teachers and Counseling Guidance Teachers together on the Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Class IX Students of SMP N 1 Palipi in the 2023/2024 Learning Year. The method used in this research is inferential quantitative method with expo-facto correlation model. The population is all ninth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Palipi in the 2023/2024 Learning Year, totaling 160 people and a sample of 40 people was determined using random sampling technique. Data were collected with a closed questionnaire of 32 items.  The results of data analysis show that: 1) the value of F count> F table between the Strengthening of Christian Religious Education Teachers on Student Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Students is 14.849> 3.23, thus it is known that there is an influence between the Strengthening of Christian Religious Education Teachers on Student Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Students, namely 28, 1%, 2) the value of F count> F table between the Giving of Strengthening the Counseling Guidance Teacher on the Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Students, namely 14.651> 3.23, thus it is known that there is an influence of the Giving of Strengthening the Counseling Guidance Teacher on the Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Students, namely 27, 8%, 3) the value of F count> F table between the Strengthening of Christian Religious Education Teachers and the Strengthening of Counseling Guidance Teachers on the Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Students, namely 10.569> 3.23, thus it is known that there is an influence of the Strengthening of Christian Religious Education Teachers and the Strengthening of Counseling Guidance Teachers on the Learning Outcomes of Christian Religious Education and Budi Pekerti Students in Class IX SMP N 1 Palipi Learning Year 2023/2024 which is 36.4%, thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

The purpose of this research is to 1) find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and the Christian Character Formation of Teb State Middle School Students, 2) find out whether there is a relationship between Bible Study and the Christian Character Formation of Tebo State Middle School Students, 3) to find out whether there is a relationship between the Spirituality of PAK Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of the Christian Character of Shiva SMP N Tebo. The research hypothesis is: "There is a significant relationship between PAK Teacher Spirituality and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character of N Tebo Middle School Students." The population is students of class VIII and IX of SMP N 3 Tebo, SMP N 30 Tebo, SMP N 31 Tebo totaling 290 people who are Christians. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique, namely 36 students from class VIII and IX of SMP N Tebo as an experimental class using Religious Education and Bible Study Teacher Spirituality and 36 students from class XI MIPA 3 as a control class using normal treatment (conventional class). The instrument used in this research was a 50-item questionnaire. Research data for the questionnaire was analyzed using the average difference test formula (N-Gain Score). It was found that the average value for the experimental class was 82.4369 in the effective category. And the average value for the control class is 22.9433, which is in the ineffective category. Then carrying out an independent test using the t test obtained a value of t = 20.376> t table (α = 0.05; df = 70) = 2,000. Thus, it can be concluded that the research hypothesis is accepted, namely that there is a relationship between the Spirituality of Religious Education Teachers and Bible Study on the Formation of Christian Character in N Tebo Middle School Students, and H0 is rejected.    

The development of information and communication technology has changed the landscape of education as a whole, including in the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK). This article aims to review the challenges, negative impacts, new opportunities and use of technology in PAK in the digital era. In dealing with this problem, the research method used involves qualitative analysis with data synthesis from various related studies. The research results show that the integration of technology in PAK has the potential to improve learning content, increase student engagement, and create a more interactive learning experience. However, it is important to note that there are negative impacts of the digital era, such as the risk of dependence on technology, which also need to be considered in the context of religious learning. However, there are new opportunities offered by technological developments and how to use them at PAK. This includes the use of various methods and platforms that support interactive and creative learning, which can help increase students' understanding of Christianity in the digital era. Thus, the use of technology in PAK is not only about exploiting the advantages of technology to improve teaching, but also about understanding and overcoming the challenges and negative impacts that may arise. Only with a balanced approach between the use of technology and an understanding of its specific context, can Christian religious education in the digital era become more effective and relevant for the younger generation.

The purpose of writing This For understand the review of Islamic law regarding the practice of buying and selling breast milk (ASI) in Ujung Pandang District, Makassar City. The theoretical benefit of this research is that it is hoped that this research can provide a useful contribution to the development of knowledge regarding the buying and selling of breast milk in society and the attitude of the government and religious figures towards the practice of buying and selling breast milk (ASI) in handling it and practically, it is hoped that this research can help provide ideas for the community and readers regarding the buying and selling of breast milk from the perspective of Islamic law. The research method is empirical juridical research. The results of this research show (1) An overview of Islamic law regarding the practice of buying and selling breast milk (ASI) in Makassar City, especially in Ujung Pandang District, namely that it should not allow buying and selling breast milk (ASI), because there are many disadvantages (damage/danger). Because the buying and selling of breast milk (ASI) which is carried out through the Indonesian Association of Breastfeeding Mothers (AIMI) does not have recorded data so the source of breast milk (ASI) is not clear between the sellers and buyers of breast milk (ASI). (2) Factors that influence the practice of buying and selling breast milk are as follows: 1. Economic factors, where the perpetrators of buying and selling breast milk (ASI) are breastfeeding mothers who are still young and some of them are not able to produce breast milk. (ASI) is good, where the perpetrators of buying and selling breast milk (ASI), especially respondents who sell breast milk (ASI), experience financial shortages, so they choose to sell breast milk (ASI) through the Indonesian Breastfeeding Mothers Association (AIMI). 2 the religious factor, which is due to a lack of education and support from the family so that many perpetrators of buying and selling breast milk (ASI) do not really understand the importance of religious knowledge in carrying out the practice of buying and selling breast milk (ASI). Conclusions of Writer are: (1) Overview Islamic law regarding practice sell buy breast milk (ASI) in Makassar City, especially in Ujung Pandang District , namely should No allow exists sell buy breast milk (ASI), because Lots harm ( damage / danger ). Suggestions from Writer are: (1) It is better not to breastfeed (ASI). bought and sold in a way illegal nor free. (2) Necessary exists supervision morestrict from institution government nor non- governmental institutions local about practice sell buy breast milk (ASI) so you don't happen.

This article discusses the theological foundations of Christian religious education, which not only includes understanding religious concepts, but also shapes a person's character and spirituality. This theological foundation is strengthened by biblical principles, where Christian religious teachings are seen as an important mission based on the great mission of the Lord Jesus in Matthew 28:19-20. This foundation places the Bible as the highest authority and main source of truth and elevates the character of Jesus Christ as the main example. understand the theological basis of Christian religious teachings. The research results show that the aim of Christian religious education is to develop human potential according to the teachings of the Bible, with a focus on developing character, values ​​and spirituality according to the teachings of Christ. The Bible is considered. the highest authority in all areas of life, including Christian education, and is the basis of Christian religious education. The character of Jesus Christ who was caring, merciful, humble and lived a simple life is an example for Christians in their daily lives. Moreover, this article also helps develop individual spirituality. The teachings of Christianity, whose main focus is awareness of a transcendent relationship with God. The role of the Holy Spirit is also considered important to strengthen understanding of Bible teachings and guide Christians to live according to God's will.

The pre-mass catechesis is a continuation of the apostolic tradition practiced by the Apostles. Pre-mass catechesis today has a wider understanding than ever before. This is not limited to brief teachings about the Catholic faith but also seeks to prepare Catholics spiritually, intellectually, and personally so that Catholics can attend mass more meaningfully and actively participate. The author uses data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews. Some of the important roles of pre-mass cateteche are preparing people, deepening understanding of faith, building a strong and effective Christian community. In carrying out pre-mass catechesis does not take a long time, usually 5 to 10 minutes. Pre-Mass catechesis is a form of religious teaching that aims to prepare Catholics spiritually so that they can celebrate the Eucharist with deep understanding, active involvement, and passion. Pre-Mass catechesis is not only the delivery of information, but also the formation of the hearts of Catholics to receive Jesus Christ in the celebration of the Eucharist.

The growing environmental crisis underscores the need for education systems to foster ecological responsibility among students. This study explores the potential for multifaith schools to cultivate environmental moral education through an interreligious pedagogical model. By integrating diverse religious teachings on ecology, the proposed model aims to promote shared moral values for environmental protection and sustainability. The research addresses the gap in existing environmental education, which often lacks an integrated approach that incorporates various religious perspectives. Through a qualitative research design, the study analyzes curricula, observes classroom practices, conducts interviews with educators, and evaluates existing environmental education frameworks in multifaith schools. The study identifies key strategies, including the incorporation of eco-ethics from different religious traditions, project-based learning, and interfaith dialogues, as effective means of fostering ecological responsibility. However, challenges such as balancing doctrinal differences, overcoming biases, and developing inclusive pedagogy remain. The study emphasizes the importance of designing educational content that respects all faiths and promotes intercultural dialogue, thereby encouraging a collective commitment to sustainability. The findings suggest that multifaith schools can serve as powerful platforms for environmental moral education, highlighting the value of integrating religious perspectives into sustainability education. The study concludes with recommendations for incorporating interreligious eco-ethics into curricula and teacher training programs and suggests future research on the long-term impact of interreligious environmental education and its applicability in diverse cultural contexts.

Philosophy plays a vital role in nurturing religious education by encouraging critical thinking and ethical inquiry. This study explores the dialogical relationship between philosophy and religion in an educational context, emphasizing how philosophical frameworks can help students engage with complex theological questions. The paper also highlights the benefits of integrating philosophical discussions into religious curricula to enhance moral reasoning and intercultural dialogue.

This article explores the role of religious education in shaping students' moral development through a comparative analysis of different educational systems. By examining the curricula and pedagogical approaches in various cultural and religious contexts, the study identifies commonalities and differences in how moral values are taught. The findings highlight the importance of integrating universal ethical principles alongside religious teachings to nurture well-rounded individuals. 

Interreligious dialogue is a vital component of religious education, especially in regions marked by cultural and religious diversity. This paper examines the role of interfaith initiatives in secondary education, highlighting their impact on reducing prejudice and fostering peace. Case studies from schools in diverse contexts illustrate how dialoguebased curricula can create a more inclusive and harmonious learning environment. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and educators.

With the rise of digital media, religious education faces new challenges and opportunities. This article investigates the integration of digital tools in teaching religious studies, focusing on their potential to make learning more engaging and accessible. The study analyzes both the benefits, such as interactivity and inclusivity, and the risks, including misinformation and digital distractions. Practical recommendations are provided for educators to effectively leverage digital platforms while maintaining the integrity of religious teachings.  

Multifaith education has become an essential tool for promoting mutual understanding and coexistence in today’s increasingly pluralistic societies. This article examines the impact of multifaith education programs on fostering tolerance and empathy among students of diverse religious backgrounds. It explores case studies from different countries and provides practical strategies for educators to incorporate multifaith principles into their teaching practices. The findings underscore the transformative potential of religious education in bridging cultural and spiritual divides.

This research explains research on Islamic religious learning models for children with special needs (autism) in elementary schools. The aim of this research is to find out what the Islamic religious learning model is for children with special needs (autism). The method used in this research is a qualitative method, namely library research by going through or studying and examining books or journals and written sources related to this problem. The results of this research show that the Islamic religious learning model for ABK uses inclusive or adaptive learning strategies and small group-based learning and individual support to increase participation and understanding of autistic children towards Islamic religious education

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Jigsaw learning model on the active learning of Christian Religious Education of class XI students at HKBP 2 Tarutung Private High School for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method used is a quantitative method with inferential statistics. The population is all class Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 42 items, namely 22 items for variable 2023/2024 learning, proven through the following data analysis: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained by the value rxy = 0.586 > rtable (=0.05,n=42) = 0.304. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 4.572 > ttable(=0.05, dk=n-2=40)= 2.021. 2) Influence test: a) Regression equation test, obtained the regression equation =24,76+0,57X . b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 34.3%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(=0.05, dk numerator k=22, dk denominator=n-2=42-2=40) namely 20.90 > 1.51. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the example of Christian Religious Education Teachers on the Behavior of Class XI Students of SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency, Academic Year 2023/2024. The method used is an inferential descriptive quantitative research method, with a population of 228 students and a sample taken of 20% so that the research sample is 46 students using the Random Sampling technique. The instrument used in this research uses a closed questionnaire of 30 questions, of which 15 questionnaire items are for variable X and 15 items are for variable Y which have been tested on 35 students outside the research sample. The results of the research show that there is a positive and significant influence between the example of Christian Religious Education Teachers on the Behavior of Class XI Students at SMA Negeri 1 Sipoholon, North Tapanuli Regency, Academic Year 2023/2024. 1) Test the relationship between rcount > rtable, namely 0.630 > 0.291; 2) Significant test tcount>ttable, namely 5.381>2.021; 3) The determination test is 39.69%, 4) The regression equation is obtained from Y ̂= 23.62+0.50X; 5) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable = (α= 0.05, dk numerator k = 11, dk denominator = n-2 = 46 - 2 = 44) namely 28.66 > 2.08. Thus Ha, that is, there is a positive and significant influence between the example of Christian Religious Education Teachers on the Behavior of Class

The aim of this research is to determine the positive and significant influence of the Personality Competencies of Religious Education Teachers on the Learning Motivation of Class The research method used is a quantitative method. The population is all Class Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 57 items, namely 35 items for variable Academic Year 2023/2024, proven through the following data analysis: 1) Test analysis requirements: