Elementary school-aged children have unique characteristics, such as enjoying play, movement, group activities, and hands-on learning. Most students at this age prefer practical activities over theoretical instruction. Therefore, primary education aims to support and develop children's growth in accordance with their developmental tasks. Elementary school teachers play a crucial role in integrating these developmental needs into the learning process. The implementation of education at the elementary level must align with national regulations and policies, including standards for management, assessment, facilities, final examinations (UASBN), and teacher qualifications. Learning evaluation is a critical component in ensuring educational quality. However, in practice, teachers often face challenges such as limited time and a lack of understanding in assessing affective and psychomotor domains. As a result, solutions such as teacher training and more effective classroom management are necessary. This study aims to identify the challenges and proposed solutions related to the implementation of learning evaluations in elementary schools based on interviews with educational practitioners.
 

Entrepreneurs in the digital era face constant challenges that require adaptation and innovation. Although economic and managerial factors are often the focus, the role of psychological dimensions such as resilience and creativity in entrepreneurial success has not been widely reviewed in depth. This study aims to examine relevant theories and findings on psychological resilience and creativity in the context of entrepreneurship, and to build a conceptual framework to support entrepreneurial innovation. Using a qualitative literature study method, this study systematically searches, analyzes, and synthesizes scientific literature from various databases. The results of the synthesis indicate that psychological resilience is crucial for entrepreneurs to recover from failure and adapt to change. Characteristics such as optimism and emotional regulation are the pillars of mental resilience. Meanwhile, creativity is an innovation engine that facilitates the identification of new opportunities and the development of unique solutions. A synergistic relationship between resilience and creativity is also found: resilience provides a psychological buffer for taking creative risks, and the creative process can strengthen self-resilience. The theoretical implication is the need for a more holistic entrepreneurship model. In practice, this study recommends educational institutions, especially the Faculty of Psychology, to integrate the development of resilience and creativity into the entrepreneurship curriculum.

The 2024 General Election in Indonesia marked a significant shift in the landscape of political communication from conventional media to the digital sphere. Political campaigns conducted through social media and online platforms have opened new opportunities for persuasive effectiveness but also introduced serious challenges in terms of communication ethics, particularly in advertising. This study aims to analyze digital political campaign practices during the 2024 election through the lens of the Indonesian Advertising Ethics Code (Etika Pariwara Indonesia/EPI), which serves as a self-regulatory standard in the advertising industry. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method, supported by documentation analysis, digital observation, and literature review. The findings reveal that many digital political advertisements violate key EPI principles, including honesty, transparency, and social responsibility. The most prominent violations include negative campaigning, the use of religious symbols to construct candidate images, and undisclosed endorsements by political influencers. Weaknesses in digital monitoring systems exacerbate these issues, allowing unethical content to spread massively and uncontrollably. This study concludes that the implementation of EPI in digital political campaigns remains weak and requires a more adaptive, collaborative, and technology-based monitoring approach to safeguard democratic integrity in the digital communication era.

This study aims to analyze the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in history learning at Madrasah Aliyah Darul Hikmah Tawangsari. The background of this study is based on the rapid development of ICT in the era ofe the industrial revolution 4.0 which has an impact on the education sector, especially in Islamic boarding school-based institutions. Thisc study usesa a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Darul Hikmah Islamice Boarding Schoole has succeeded in integrating ICT into history learning through the preparation of a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), preparation ofe learning media, and implementation of ICT-based learning. The application of ICT has been proven to increase students' interest, activeness, and understanding of history material. This study provides an overview of the strategy of ICT integration in history learning in the Islamic boarding school environment and its positive implications for the quality of learning.
 
 

This research aimed at finding out the effect of Quantum Learning model toward student self-confidence in Social Science learning at Islamic Junior Hight School of Al-Muttaqin Pekanbaru. Two classes, IX.C (experimental) and IX.G (control), were chosen using purposive sampling and a quantitative quasi-experimental design. Observation, surveys, and documentation were used to gather data, and Excel and SPSS 25 were used to analyze the results using t-tests, effect size, and N-Gain. Results indicated that the experimental group's self-confidence (mean = 86.76) was significantly higher than that of the control group (mean = 80.38), with a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05), a moderate effect size of 0.51, and an N-Gain of 42.33% (moderate) vs 10.66% (low). These results attest to the Quantum Learning model's efficacy in raising students' self-convidence.

This study aims to examine 1) the positive impact of smartphone usage on the economics learning process among 11th-grade students at SMAN 2 Gerung for the 2023/2024 academic year and 2) the negative impact of smartphone usage on the economics learning process among 11th-grade students at SMAN 2 Gerung for the 2023/2024 academic year. The researcher employs a qualitative approach and descriptive research type to provide a clear picture of the situation under investigation, thereby obtaining the facts. Primary and secondary data sources complement this approach. Data collection techniques include observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The research findings indicate that using smartphones in learning positively impacts students. First, students have broader access to various sources of information, including scientific articles, educational videos, and digital learning platforms. Second, technology makes it easier for students to complete school assignments, as they can quickly find the references they need. Third, technology has also been proven to increase students' engagement and motivation in learning, offering more interactive and engaging learning methods. Fourth, learning becomes more flexible, allowing students to study anytime and anywhere based on their needs and convenience. However, there are also negative impacts that must be considered. Technology can disrupt students' concentration due to distractions from social media and other digital entertainment. In addition, students often struggle to distinguish between accurate and inaccurate information. They also tend to rely heavily on the internet, which can hinder the development of critical thinking and independent learning skills. Another issue is the habit of not taking complete notes, as students assume that all information is available online. Lastly, there are potential physical health concerns, such as eye strain and poor posture, caused by prolonged use of electronic devices.

This study analyzes AI-generated writing assessments' scoring reliability and feedback consistency using ChatGPT. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, 23 student descriptive texts were evaluated across three assessment rounds. Quantitative findings showed high scoring reliability, with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) of 0.93, indicating excellent consistency across repeated evaluations. Qualitative analysis revealed that ChatGPT consistently addressed five core writing criteria—content, organization, vocabulary, language use, and mechanics. However, the feedback varied in focus and detail across rounds, and the absence of reference to prior feedback limited its support for revision as a recursive process. The findings suggest that although ChatGPT demonstrates reliable scoring and generally stable feedback themes, it lacks the continuity to facilitate sustained writing development. To enhance its pedagogical value, AI-based feedback systems should be designed to build upon previous responses, thereby enabling more effective support for students' progressive improvement in writing.

This study aims to examine the parenting patterns adopted by single parents in the Islamic religious education of their children in Ampung Julu Village, Batang Natal Subdistrict, Mandailing Natal Regency. The research background stems from the growing phenomenon of single-parent families, which presents challenges in religious education. This is a qualitative descriptive study employing data collection methods such as observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that single parents apply various parenting styles, including authoritarian, permissive, and democratic. The main challenges include limited time and dual responsibilities as both breadwinners and educators. Nevertheless, some single parents successfully nurture their children in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects of Islamic education through exemplary conduct, habituation, advice, supervision, and other Islamic-based methods. The study concludes that active involvement of single parents, despite limitations, still has a positive impact on the development of their children's Islamic religious education.

Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membangun jiwa kewirausahaan pada 30 remaja binaan SOS Children's Village Banda Aceh melalui program pelatihan intensif satu hari. Pelaksanaan kegiatan menggunakan pendekatan partisipatif yang menggabungkan metode ceramah interaktif dan workshop keterampilan praktis, dengan materi utama berupa motivasi kewirausahaan dan pengenalan peluang usaha. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan keberhasilan program dalam meningkatkan motivasi peserta, dimana 90% remaja menyatakan antusiasme tinggi untuk memulai usaha mandiri setelah mengikuti pelatihan. Namun demikian, teridentifikasi beberapa kendala utama seperti kurangnya pemahaman dasar tentang mekanisme berusaha, keraguan akan kemampuan diri, serta kebingungan dalam menentukan langkah awal memulai bisnis. Faktor pendukung utama adalah semangat dan keterlibatan aktif peserta selama proses pelatihan. Program ini berhasil memperkenalkan berbagai peluang usaha potensial seperti usaha kuliner rumahan, jasa fotografi kreatif, serta kerajinan tangan berbahan lokal. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa meskipun motivasi telah berhasil dibangun, diperlukan pendampingan lebih lanjut untuk mengkonversi semangat tersebut menjadi aksi nyata. Untuk kegiatan serupa di masa depan, disarankan untuk mengembangkan program lanjutan berupa pendampingan intensif, akses permodalan, serta pembentukan jejaring usaha guna memastikan keberlanjutan usaha yang dirintis peserta. Hasil program ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam pengembangan model pembinaan kewirausahaan bagi remaja marginal.

The metaverse has emerged as a new domain within the digital economy, offering decentralized and participatory ecosystems driven by digital assets such as NFTs, tokens, and cryptocurrencies. Platforms like Decentraland, Roblox, and The Sandbox represent varied models of economic governance and user engagement. However, effective economic management strategies in these virtual environments remain underdeveloped. This study explores how the three platforms manage digital economies, focusing on asset governance, community incentives, and risk dynamics. Using an exploratory qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and document analysis, and then thematically analyzed using NVivo software. Results show decentraland emphasizes DAO-based transparency, Roblox relies on centralized monetization, and The Sandbox balances both in a hybrid model. The study concludes that successful economic strategies in the metaverse require integrating governance structures, incentive mechanisms, and social user interaction. These findings offer insights for building more adaptive, inclusive, and sustainable digital economic frameworks in virtual ecosystems.