The increase in human activities, such as industrialization, urbanization, and transportation, has led to air pollution, including heavy metal contamination such as lead (Pb). Lead originates from vehicle emissions, industrial activities, and fossil fuel combustion, which have detrimental effects on the environment and human health. One effective method for monitoring air pollution is biomonitoring using bioindicators, such as lichen. Lichen is sensitive to air quality and can absorb pollutants, including heavy metals, through its surface. This study uses a literature review to analyze the role of lichen as a bioindicator of heavy metal pollution, specifically lead. Several lichen species, such as *Xanthoparmelia xanthofarinosa* and *Canoparmelia aptata*, are known to accumulate heavy metals from the environment. The results show that the lead content in lichen varies depending on the pollution level in the location. Areas with high traffic have higher lead concentrations compared to areas with low traffic. The advantages of using lichen as a bioindicator include low cost, practicality, and its ability to provide long-term data on air quality. With this understanding, lichen data can be used for pollution mitigation and evidence-based policies to reduce the impact of air pollution. Further research is recommended to explore the potential of lichen in detecting other heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu).
 

Blessings in the business world are a concept that describes sustenance that is not only abundant in material aspects, but also provides positive impacts, peace, and goodness for business actors and the wider community. This study aims to investigate the blessings experienced by producers in milling cassava flour at UD Mulyo, a business that focuses on processing cassava flour raw materials and realizing producer blessings through employee and community welfare and environmental empowerment. By applying a descriptive qualitative approach, data were obtained through in-depth interviews and observations, which were then analyzed thematically. The research findings show that blessings in UD Mulyo's business are realized through the application of Islamic values, such as honesty in business management, maintaining product quality, and a commitment to improving the welfare of employees and the surrounding community. UD Mulyo not only contributes to the economy through job creation and increasing community income, but also creates social benefits through harmonious cooperation with the local community. This study confirms that blessings in business go beyond material benefits, but also include spiritual values, social balance, and business sustainability.

This research aims to evaluate strategies for increasing beef cattle productivity through optimizing concentrate feed based on local ingredients in Perbaungan, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Surveys and interviews were conducted to collect data regarding feeding patterns, costs and production efficiency. The research results show that concentrate feed, although more expensive than forage, provides higher efficiency in supporting daily weight gain in beef cattle. Local ingredients such as rice bran, palm oil cake and tofu dregs have great potential for use in concentrate formulations, thereby reducing costs and increasing the sustainability of livestock businesses. Optimal strategies include providing concentrate as needed, combining with forage, and managing feed stock. This optimization has been proven to be able to increase beef cattle. productivity and support national meat self-sufficiency efforts

The relationship between Islam and democracy has been a complex and often debated topic, particularly in Muslim-majority countries. This research aims to explore the compatibility between Islamic principles and democratic values using Indonesia as a case study. As one of the largest Muslim countries in the world, Indonesia offers a unique context in integrating religious teachings with the modern democratic system. Through qualitative methods that included a Google Form-based survey and a literature review of academic articles and journals, this research found that the majority of respondents (70%) believe that democratic values are in line with Islamic teachings, such as justice, deliberation and equality. However, the research also identified a number of challenges that Indonesia faces in harmonizing the two concepts. The main challenges include differences in the interpretation of Islamic law, difficulties in balancing sharia law with secular law, and the issue of political pluralism. In addition, factors such as intolerance, radicalism and identity politics often become obstacles in creating harmony between religious and democratic values. Despite these obstacles, Indonesia has made significant progress through moderation, strengthening civil society, and successfully managing religious and cultural diversity. Local traditions such as deliberation, gotong royong and pluralism provide a strong foundation for building an inclusive democratic system. This approach is not only relevant for the Indonesian context, but can also serve as a model for other Muslim-majority countries seeking to integrate religion and democracy. This research offers a new contribution to the understanding of the dynamics of the relationship between Islam and democracy, and highlights the importance of civil society strengthening, pluralism education, and the adaptation of religious values in the context of modern democracy. With the results obtained, this research is expected to be a reference for other Muslim countries in creating harmonious and sustainable political governance.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tanaman budidaya yang disukai oleh kelompok Macaca hecki di Perkebunan Masyarakat Taluditi, Pohuwato Gorontalo. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan observasi langsung terhadap perilaku makan primata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat delapan jenis tanaman budidaya yang dikonsumsi oleh Macaca hecki, jenis tanaman budidaya paling dominan dikonsumsi adalah jagung (Zea mays) dan kakao (Theobroma cacao). Interaksi antara primata dan praktik pertanian masyarakat berpotensi menimbulkan konflik, sehingga pemahaman mengenai preferensi makanan primata sangat penting untuk mengembangkan strategi budidaya yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan bagi petani dalam memilih tanaman yang tidak hanya bernilai ekonomis, tetapi juga ramah lingkungan dan berkontribusi pada pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati.
Kata kunci: Macaca hecki, tanaman budidaya, pertanian berkelanjutan, konflik manusia-satwa liar.

A Description of Sosial Skills and Discipline in Early Childhood at TK Sayang Ibu Kindergarten, Girisa Village, Paguyaman District, Boalemo Regency. Early Childhood Teacer Education, Faculty od Education, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Principal Supervisor: Sri Wahyuningsi Laiya S.Pd., M.Pd and Co-Supervisor: Sulastya Ningsih S.Pd., M.Pd. This study aims to describe children’s social skills, specifially their ability to interact effectively with others and their discipline, which can be observed through habitual behaviors and competencies in physical abilities, self-confidence, responsibility, discipline, social interaction, and emotional regulation. The rescarch employed a descriptive qualitative approach. The study involved 17 children, with the research subjects comprising the principal, educators, and parents. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings revealed that the social skills related to discipline among 5-6 year-old children at Tk Sayang Ibu Kinderganten in girisa village had developed well. The chilren’s disciplinary attitudes demonstrated through daily routines, such as arriving on time and adhering to school schedules, indicated consistent and positive develoment.

This study explores the application of machine learning (ML) in human resource (HR) management to enhance the recruitment process by predicting high-performing candidates. The research addresses gaps in traditional recruitment methods, which are often time-consuming and susceptible to subjective bias. By employing a Random Forest algorithm, this study utilizes a dataset of 10,000 records, encompassing attributes such as education, work experience, psychometric assessments, and interview evaluations. Data were divided into 70% training and 30% testing sets to ensure robust model evaluation. The findings demonstrate that the Random Forest model achieved a prediction accuracy of 87%, outperforming traditional methods and other ML models like Logistic Regression. The model's ability to identify key attributes contributing to candidate performance underscores its potential for data-driven decision-making in HR management. However, challenges such as data bias, algorithmic transparency, and resistance to technological change were identified as barriers to implementation. This research contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of ML in HR by offering a predictive model that balances accuracy with interpretability. Practical implications include strategies for integrating ML into existing HR systems, emphasizing the importance of explainable AI to foster trust among practitioners. The study concludes that ML-based recruitment can significantly improve efficiency, objectivity, and the quality of hiring decisions, paving the way for more innovative and strategic HR practices.

Introduction: Technology penetrates society and has an impact on daily life. Historically, technology was dominated by men. Recently, women have become closer to the internet to share ideas through cyberspace, build sites that allow them to interact with women and women’s communities, and use the internet to help their productive activities. This study attempts to explain modern society’s connections between women and technology. The data analysis used cyberfeminism theory.
Methods: This study used qualitative methods and illustrated the case study of SiBakul platform usage by MSMEs in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. SiBakul is an ICT-based platform for branding the digital ecosystem of MSMEs in DIY Province. The data collection employed in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data sources include MSME actors and the government responsible for the MSME sector. 
Findings: The results showed that SiBakul is the driving force behind digital platforms that support MSMEs' activities. Through the marketplace, the MSME actors, both women and men, use technology. The analysis concludes that there is a possible equality between women and men in accessing and using technology to promote and market their business products. The women develop their insight into cyberspace to increase their knowledge and be more productive economically.
Originality: The study uses the cyberfeminism perspective to highlight the importance of adapting to environmental changes in the Industry 4.0 era with women's equality for broader access to technology. Besides, it is considered for women’s equality in public areas and the productive sector, such as in MSME activities.

Islamic education reached its peak during the Abbasid Dynasty, precisely from the eighth to the thirteenth centuries AD. This period is often referred to as the "Islamic Golden Age", during which Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasids, became the center of world knowledge and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the glory of Islamic education before the collapse of Baghdad, the factors that caused the collapse of Baghdad, and analyze the impact and efforts to revive Islamic education. The benefits of this article are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the collapse of the center of Islamic civilization and the decline of education, as well as provide relevant historical insights to rebuild the glory of Islamic education in modern times. The author uses a qualitative method with the type of library research, the main sources of data in this research are books and websites relevant to Islamic history, as well as scientific journal articles that discuss Islamic history from various perspectives, both published in national and international journals. The data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively with a descriptive approach to identify the main themes and gain a better understanding of the Decline of Islamic Education: An Analysis of the Impact of the Fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD. The fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD became one of the most tragic events in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the field of education. The destruction of the city resulted in the loss of educational centers, such as Baitul Hikmah, as well as valuable manuscripts and scientific works. The disconnected scientific tradition and intellectual stagnation are a long-term impact felt by the Islamic world. After the fall of Baghdad, many scholars took an important role in efforts to revitalize Islamic education. They moved to new territories, bringing with them the science and scientific traditions of Baghdad.

Business legality is something that MSMEs must have. Business legality is a business identity and a form of protection provided by the government for perpetrators MSMEs. Another benefit of legal business ownership is to expand access to MSME financing provided by the government and access to financing from banks. Problems that occur is that many MSME players do not understand how important it is to have business legality the. Apart from that, there is an opinion that managing complicated business legalities is one of them the reason why MSMEs are reluctant to take care of their legality. This service activity has the aim of:educate regarding the urgency of business legality for MSMEs. This activity was carried out in Sengon Village, Bendungan subdistrict. The results of this activity can be seen from the enthusiasm of the participants in participating technical guidance activities on the legality of MSMEs and increasing their knowledge.