With the rapid advancement of information technology, maintaining a stable and efficient computer network has become essential, particularly in educational settings. SMK Negeri 1 Surabaya encounters difficulties in managing its limited bandwidth because of the large number of users accessing the network simultaneously. This research focuses on applying bandwidth management through the Queue Tree technique combined with Per Connection Queuing (PCQ) on the school's computer network using Mikrotik hardware. The approach aims to enhance network performance by improving throughput, minimizing delays, and stabilizing jitter. Evaluation of Quality of Service (QoS) indicators—including throughput, packet loss, delay, and jitter—demonstrated favorable outcomes, with all metrics categorized as good. Findings confirm that using Queue Tree and PCQ methods contributes to fairer bandwidth distribution, mitigates network congestion, and improves overall network quality in the educational environment. This study offers a practical solution to support teaching and administrative processes by providing a more reliable and efficient network infrastructure.

The research purposes to assess the effectiveness of the receivables model in enhancing the quality of accounting information (QAF), analyze the relationship between this quality and tax revenue proceeds, and provide recommendations for improving the use of the receivables model in institutions to achieve better tax revenue outcomes. Additionally, it highlights the role of high-quality accounting information systems in increasing tax revenues by enhancing the relevance and reliability of accounting data, making it a vital tool for administrative decision-making that aligns with the demands of today's business environment. The study focuses on the General Authority for Taxes of Iraq for the period from 2015 to 2024 to apply the receivables model in measuring the QAF and its impact on boosting tax revenues. The study came to a number of conclusions, the most significant of which was that the two fundamental characteristics that enable various users to use accounting information for decision-making are relevance and reliability, and For the purpose of determining the general structure of the accounting information system in tax institutions and units in order to increase tax revenue collections, it is necessary to determine the type and nature of reports that require preparation to provide, display and communicate information to the entities and parties benefiting from it.

This study synthesized novel sulfadiazine-imine derivatives (A1 and A2) using a microwave-assisted method by reacting sulfadiazine with orsellinaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde. The synthesis involved the nucleophilic addition of sulfadiazine to the aldehyde groups, forming imine bonds efficiently under microwave irradiation within 15 minutes. The antibacterial efficacy of the synthesized derivatives was tested against Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli using agar well diffusion methods. The derivatives A1 and A2 exhibited significantly improved antibacterial activities compared to sulfadiazine, with A1 showing the highest efficacy. Specifically, inhibition zones for Bacillus subtilis reached 26 mm (A1 at 100 mg/mL) compared to 20 mm for sulfadiazine, and similar trends were observed against E. coli and S. pneumoniae. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cells revealed that both derivatives demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity. For derivative A1, cell viability decreased to 19% at 320 ppm with an estimated IC50 between 40 and 80 ppm. Derivative A2 showed comparable cytotoxic behavior, with cell viability dropping to 12.6% at the highest concentration tested. The enhanced antibacterial and anticancer properties are attributed to increased lipophilicity and improved cellular penetration conferred by the imine functional group. This research highlights the potential of microwave-assisted derivatization of sulfadiazine to produce compounds with promising therapeutic applications.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) acts as the main institution in regulating the global trading system based on the principles of fairness and openness. However, in practice, protectionist challenges arising from large countries, such as in the trade conflict between the United States and China, hamper economic liberalization efforts and create instability in the global market. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the WTO's role in facing these protectionism challenges. The method used is normative juridical with a qualitative approach, which includes analysis of WTO regulations and policies, as well as a comparative approach to examine the impact of protectionism in several countries. Data were obtained through literature study of academic sources and relevant international legal documents. The results show that policy harmonization between the WTO and its member countries is needed to maintain the stability of the multilateral trading system. In addition, reforms to the WTO dispute settlement mechanism are crucial to make it more adaptive to global geopolitical dynamics. Developing countries are advised to improve competitiveness through market diversification and strengthening economic diplomacy to remain relevant in the changing international trade architecture.

Pimpinella pruatjan is a native Indonesian medicinal plant increasingly threatened by overexploitation and limited cultivation techniques. This study aims to systematically review the role of tissue culture in the conservation and production of its secondary metabolites. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, data were gathered from scientific literature published in the last five years through open-access databases. The findings reveal that tissue culture techniques not only effectively regenerate purwoceng but also significantly enhance the production of bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, betaine, and sterols. This study demonstrates that biotechnology-based tissue culture is a strategic solution for conserving endangered medicinal plants while optimizing their utilization for biodiversity-based pharmaceutical industries.

TTeachers' psychological security impacts educational quality, yet few studies examine its relationship with professional performance in Kurdistan's educational context. This study investigates the relationship between psychological security and professional performance among Zakho's basic education teachers across various demographic factors. Using correlational-descriptive approaches, 100 randomly selected teachers completed Maslow's Security Scale and a standardized Professional Performance Scale with five-point measurements. Results revealed high levels of psychological security and professional performance among teachers. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in psychological security across gender, age, or years of service. However, professional performance varied significantly with years of service, with teachers having 31-40 years of experience demonstrating superior performance compared to other groups. The study established a significant positive correlation (r=0.512, p<0.01) between psychological security and professional performance, indicating that teachers with stronger psychological security tend to demonstrate more effective professional performance in educational settings. Enhancing teachers' psychological well-being represents a crucial strategy for improving teaching effectiveness and educational quality in basic education

The purpose of this study is to determine how the quality of teaching and learning process at Mis Al-Hilaal Wanakarta school is impacted by the aspects of teacher discipline. This study employs quantitative approach and uses saturated sample which involves twelve teachers. The data is gathered by observation, questionnaires with five possible answers on a Likert scale score choice form that are distributed to twelve teachers, and documentation as a supplementary method. The data is analyzed using a straightforward linear regression test that includes Spearman rank correlation and the determination coefficient test, t test, or partial test, and F test, or simultaneous test. According to the study's findings, (H_0)  is rejected and (Ha) is accepted, indicating a strong and positive relationship between the aspects of teacher discipline and the quality of teaching and learning process. This is supported by the Spearman rank correlation coefficient value of 0.6137. Based on the R Square value of 0.517 obtained from the simple linear regression test, there is a 51.7% impact of the teacher discipline aspects on the quality of teaching and learning process. The results of the t test shows that the variable aspects of teacher discipline have a significant impact on the quality of the teaching and learning process (t value (3.269) > t table (1.812) with a significance of 0.008 <0.05), and the results of the F test shows that the F value is 10.683 with a significance of 0.008 <0.05.

Employee performance in service companies in Indonesia is often hampered by less than optimal organisational culture and work motivation, which impacts on the productivity and competitiveness of the company. This study aims to explore the influence of organisational culture and work motivation on employee performance in service companies in Jakarta. The method used is a quantitative survey with a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach using AMOS, involving 120 respondents selected by purposive sampling. The results of the analysis show that organisational culture and work motivation simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, with work motivation having a more dominant influence. This finding strengthens human resource management theory regarding the importance of integrating organisational culture and motivation in improving performance. The practical implication of this study is the need to develop a holistic management strategy to strengthen organisational culture and increase work motivation to encourage optimal employee performance in the service sector. This research also opens up opportunities for further studies with a mixed methods approach and mediating variables to enrich the understanding of human resource dynamics in Indonesia.

This research focuses on understanding how gender equality impacts per capita income in Gorontalo Regency. A quantitative method was used, relying on secondary data for analysis. To explore the connection between gender equality and per capita income, simple linear regression was applied. The results indicate that gender equality positively and significantly influences per capita income in this area. The analysis showed a determination coefficient, which reveals that 81. 3 percent of the change in per capita income is accounted for by gender equality, while the remaining 18. 7 percent is affected by other factors that are not considered in this study. This implies that enhancing gender equality plays a crucial role in boosting per capita income within Gorontalo Regency..

Today, higher education is one of the pillars of development and economic growth for every country in the world. The absence of innovation in higher education is one of the primary problems that Iraqi universities confront and still unable to overcome. This situation could be attributed to the dearth of strategic innovation programs and a lack of creativity in lecturing. Therefore, this study proposes a framework that fits innovation practices and employee creativity into the organizational performance of Misan University in Iraq. Quantitative methods were used to test the hypotheses and validate the fitness of the conceptual framework with the empirical data. Simple random sampling technique was used in the survey procedure. The study sample includes 500 lecturers, whereas 422 valid questionnaires have been included in the data analysis. The results show that innovation practices and creativity have a significant effect on the organizational performance of Misan University. These findings provide evidence that achieving superior performance in higher education no longer depends on the deployment of tangible assets like financial resources or the number of academic staff and faculty, but also on intangible assets such as creative lecturing and adopting innovation practices in the learning process. Thus, this study recommends that higher education institutions in Iraq focus on recruiting creative lecturers who can improve students' learning ability by promoting new ways of learning scientific materials in parallel with an innovation strategy in all organizational functions and processes.