The aim of this research was to determine the influence of culture and school climate, either partially or simultaneously, on the effectiveness of State Elementary Schools in the Sukawangi District, Bekasi Regency. The research was conducted quantitatively with a correlational design. Data collection techniques involved questionnaires administered to a population and sample of 146 teachers. Data analysis included descriptive, linearity, and multicollinearity analyses. Hypothesis testing was conducted using F and t tests. The results of the study indicate that there is a significant influence of school culture on school effectiveness, followed by a significant influence of school climate on school effectiveness, and there is also a significant combined influence of school culture and climate on school performance effectiveness. Conclusion: effective schools are influenced by many aspects, one of which is the culture and climate of the school, which significantly affect school performance effectiveness.

Reading is important for students as it will influence their skills and knowledge. The research aims to explain and describe library service strategies in enhancing students' reading interest at Budi Cendekia Islamic School Junior High School and Al-Hasra Senior High School. The research method employed a qualitative case study approach. Data collection techniques included documentation, observation, and interviews. Data processing involved reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity was ensured through credibility and confirmability. Research findings: (1) Reading interest analysis: students have a high interest in reading during breaks, free periods, and books that meet their needs. (2) Service strategies: provision of fiction books, selection of reading ambassadors, procurement of relevant learning materials, book provision surveys, creating reading corners, library electronic services, and literacy competitions. (3) Impact: increasing students' enthusiasm for reading inside or outside the library. Conclusion: library services have been operating at their maximum capacity to enhance students' enthusiasm for reading.

Tegal Regency regional regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning Village-Owned Enterprises is a regional policy in the context of increasing the potential of village resources. The hope is that this regional policy can be a solution for developing village potential, which in Tegal district has a lot of village development potential. As well as increasing the potential of village business capabilities. With Village-owned Enterprises, it is hoped that the business potential in Tegal Regency, which has a large number of small and medium businesses and a high entrepreneurial culture, will certainly be the main requirement if the regional government can seize this opportunity to improve and empower the business world in Tegal Regency to the maximum. This research is a Normative Juridical Research on issues relating to the Job Creation Law and Village-Owned Enterprises policies. This research aims to determine the implementation of Tegal regent's regulation number 2 of 2018 concerning village-owned enterprises as well as solutions to obstacles in its implementation., in This research uses a qualitative data analysis method, namely normative juridical which is presented descriptively. Regent's Regulation number 2 of 2018 created a main strategy, namely Tegal Regency's commitment to improving the ranking of all indicators in investment policy in a better direction, structural improvements for all indicators, implementing ease of doing business for all communities, especially micro, small and medium enterprises through village-owned enterprises.

This research aims to find out the legal status of uncertified land that is disputed by the heirs and the community of Tolitehuyu village, Monano District, North Gorontalo Regency and to find out the form of legal settlement by the Tolitehuyu Village Government regarding disputed uncertified land. This research uses empirical methods. The results of this research show that the legal status of land ownership by the people of Tolitehuyu Village, Monano District, North Gorontalo Regency, some have a certificate and some do not have a certificate for the land they own. Where those who already have a legal status certificate are already the property of that community. Furthermore, for those who do not yet have a certificate, the legal status of their land is unclear or still weak. So the legal status must be registered with the National Land Agency of North Gorontalo Regency in accordance with the provisions of the applicable laws. The role of the Tolitehuyu Village Government in resolving uncertified land disputes in the community can be achieved by mediating through an intermediary called a modiator. The process of resolving land disputes by the Tolitehuyu Village Government is carried out in stages, namely submitting a complaint to the hamlet head, head The village presents the parties to the dispute, collects data, mediates and reads the decision.

The purpose of this study leads to legal action that can be done by business actors related to losses caused by fictitious orders and legal protection against business actors in online buying and selling transactions Cash on Delivery (COD) payment methods. This type of research is a juridical normative research that leads to legal norms, legal principles and using the statute approach (legislation) and supported by the fact approach (the Fact Approach) and conceptual approach (concept approach). The results of the study that the form of legal protection against business actors who are harmed by consumers is in the form of compensation and/or sanctions against consumers when consumers still do not replace the losses as intended. Although Chapter 13 of the UUPK does not specify criminal sanctions against consumers in particular, this does not mean that consumers can avoid criminal sanctions. Criminal sanctions can be imposed against consumers if the consumer's actions have met the criminal elements. The legal action of business actors against consumers who make fictitious orders can then implement the principle of strict liability, business actors who feel aggrieved over the actions of consumers who are not responsible for the goods that have been ordered can demand compensation or compensation without having to dispute the presence or absence of elements of error on the part of consumers. The threat of punishment obtained against consumers who are proven to have committed fraud will be subject to imprisonment for a maximum of four years in accordance with Article 378 of the Criminal Code.. Therefore, it should pay more attention to legal certainty regarding legal protection not only to consumers but also to business actors. Because basically losses can not only be experienced by consumers but can also be experienced by business actors.

Industry 4.0 has driven significant transformation in manufacturing maintenance strategies, particularly in the implementation of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). This research examines the paradigm shift from conventional TPM methods to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based approaches, utilizing a qualitative methodology with phenomenological design and participatory observation in manufacturing environments. Results indicate that integrating AI with TPM has transformed maintenance approaches from reactive to predictive, enabling real-time anomaly detection, predictive maintenance, and maintenance schedule optimization that significantly improve Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE). Despite providing benefits such as reduced downtime and maintenance costs, AI-based TPM implementation faces challenges including data fragmentation, skilled human resource requirements, and organizational culture resistance. The development of collaboration between industry and academic institutions, as well as investment in edge computing infrastructure, are identified as key to maximizing the potential of AI-based TPM in enhancing operational sustainability in manufacturing.

Digital technological advancements have driven a paradigm shift towards Industry 4.0, characterized by the integration of cyber-physical systems and artificial intelligence in manufacturing processes. This study analyzes the role of Internet of Things (IoT) in accelerating Manufacturing 4.0 transformation, focusing on production efficiency optimization. Through a systematic literature review of 45 Scopus-indexed journals published between 2019-2024, complemented by experimental analysis on a laboratory-scale smart factory prototype, this research examines the implementation of IoT-based technologies such as predictive maintenance and digital twins. Results demonstrate that IoT integration significantly enhances production efficiency through real-time monitoring (30% downtime reduction), predictive maintenance (20% maintenance cost decrease), and data-driven supply chain optimization (15% energy savings). Case studies from Siemens and PT. Unilever Indonesia confirm that IoT sensor integration with ERP systems improves demand forecasting accuracy by 25% and reduces production errors to 0.001%. Despite challenges including high initial infrastructure costs and cybersecurity vulnerabilities, IoT implementation offers sustainable competitive advantages through enhanced operational efficiency, quality control, and resource management.
 

JADAM is an organic farming method that has been proven to empower farmers, not only allowing farmers to make their own fertilizers and pesticides, but also returning farmers to become experts in agriculture and their own land because of the experiments and introduction of biological potential in the environment they observe. The purpose of this article is to develop a JADAM model that is adjusted to the availability of materials in the surrounding environment. It is done under the concept of organic farming, and community empowerment. This article is developed from the results of a community service activities. The findings of the research show that there are three ways of making organic fertilizer from materials found the surrounding, namely household organic waste, leaf shoots, and a combination of waste to make organic NPK. Another interesting development of the JADAM method is an organic fertilizer that can be drunk, made from fruits and vegetables. It proves that organic fertilizer is more than safe so that it can be drunk.

Accurate image segmentation is a pivotal process in medical imaging, essential for supporting diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring disease progression. This study evaluates the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms, including U-Net, Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs), and Mask R-CNN, in achieving high-precision segmentation of medical images. Experimental results demonstrate that these models significantly enhance segmentation accuracy, enabling more precise diagnostic outcomes in clinical settings and advancing the development of automated medical imaging technologies.

The aim of this research is to find out what the legal consequences are of bad credit agreements where mortgage rights are not registered at the Gorontalo City National Land Agency office and to find out the factors that cause mortgage rights not to be registered. The type of research used is Normative Empirical research, using data types consisting of primary data, secondary data and tertiary data. Data collection techniques were carried out using interview, observation and literature techniques. Then the data is analyzed descriptively or provides an overview or explanation of the research subjects and objects as the results of the research conducted. The results of this research show that cases of bad credit agreements where mortgage rights were not registered at the national land agency office have occurred in the city of Gorontalo. So the legal consequence obtained from this case is that the bank as the creditor cannot prosecute in court because the mortgage which is used as collateral is not registered. Clearly this is detrimental and does not provide legal certainty for both parties concerned, especially because registration of mortgage rights determines the birth of mortgage rights. Then there are several factors that cause the mortgage rights not to be registered, namely, negligence on the part of the land owner, administrative obstacles, financial difficulties, approval from related parties and so on.