This research aims to understand the role of Ambition for Freedom in entrepreneurship learning as a motivation for students to become entrepreneurs at SMKN 1 JETIS Mojokerto. Using a phenomenological approach, this research explores the subjective experiences of students involved in entrepreneurial learning and how Ambition for Freedom contributes to shaping their motivation to enter the world of entrepreneurship. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 10 students of SMKN 1 JETIS Mojokerto who had an interest in entrepreneurship, as well as observations of entrepreneurial learning activities in class. Research findings show that students who feel freedom in determining their business tend to have higher motivation to become entrepreneurs, especially because they feel empowered to explore creative ideas and make decisions independently. Ambition for Freedom was found to be an important factor that encourages students to overcome challenges and start businesses. This research contributes to the understanding of how elements of freedom in entrepreneurship education can increase students' interest and readiness for entrepreneurship, and suggests integrating aspects of freedom in the design of the entrepreneurship curriculum at SMKN 1 JETIS Mojokerto.

The purpose of the study is to create and improve performance both subjectively and objectively even under challenges, overcoming stress, anxiety and decisions related to match situations. The results of the community service research of 8 Pelatda rowing athletes on Resilience: 5 athletes in the high category, 3 athletes in the very high category. On Psychological Tension: 1 athlete in the high category, 7 athletes in the very high category. On Mental Skills: 4 athletes in the high category, 4 athletes in the very high category. Discussion on Resilience, athletes are given recommendations: high and very high categories, then Maintain the ability and skills in managing emotions, tension, and adapting to various situations, On Psychological Tension, athletes are given recommendations: Need to practice controlling emotions, thinking practically, focusing on the match, and thinking positively. If you really can't do it independently, you should contact the psychological team to get counseling related to this. Mental Skills athletes are given recommendations: Maintain the ability and skills in managing thoughts, and adapting to various situations.

In the automotive sector, which produces over 60-70% of global pollution emissions, the world faces difficulties in making the switch from fossil fuels to environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. Technology has advanced significantly, and companies such as Toyota and FiA are working to improve competitiveness and attract more manufacturers to produce hybrid cars. Reducing environmental impact and greenhouse gas emissions is the goal of the Formula 1 project, which partners with ARAMCO, one of the world's largest mining companies. Using the methodology of reviewing literature on energy-efficient fuels and adapting to Formula 1 vehicle regulations, with a special emphasis on hybrid strategies, to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Research on the use of synthetic materials in fuels such as ethanol, ethanol, butanole, dimethyl methacrylate (DMM), and oxymethylethyl (OME) 3-5 has shown promising results in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The transition to renewable energy sources is essential to reduce global pollution.

Background: Football is a sport that combines aerobic and anaerobic endurance during training and matches. Physical fitness can support blood circulation function and heart work and increase muscle strength, speed, agility, and explosiveness. Muscle fatigue can be affected by various internal and external factors, including physiological, nutritional, exercise, psychological, environmental, and health factors. One of the nutritional factors that can affect muscle fatigue is micronutrients such as potassium. Potassium and vitamin C deficiency can lead to muscle weakness and fatigue. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the difference in the effect of giving isotonic drinks and sweet orange juice on the fatigue level of North Sumatra PPLP football athletes. Method: The research design is true experimental, with the post-test only with a control group design. The subjects consisted of 24 athletes who were selected using systematic random sampling. The level of fatigue is known through the RAST test. Bivariate analysis uses an independent sample t-test to determine the difference in influence between each variable. Results: As a result of this study, there was a significant difference in fatigue levels in the two groups. The average fatigue level value in the treatment group was 4.61±1.42, while the control group was 6.62±2.33 or the Sig. p<0.05 value was p = 0.01. Conclusion: This showed a significant difference in the mean level of athlete fatigue between the treatment group and the control group.

Industri genteng sangat mengutamakan tampilan dan ketepatan, sehingga kualitas produk harus menjadi perhatian utama. PT XYZ sebagai salah satu supplier genteng nasional saat ini tengah menghadapi permasalahan tingginya jumlah produk cacat terutama pada bagian roll forming machine. Jenis cacat yang paling dominan antara lain penyok sebesar 30%, dimensi tidak sesuai (dimensi NG) sebesar 26%, kerut sebesar 18%, berkarat sebesar 15%, tergores sebesar 7%, dan pudar warna sebesar 4%. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada periode Juni sampai dengan Agustus 2024 dan memiliki persentase cacat yang cukup tinggi serta telah melampaui batas target perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis sumber permasalahan dengan menggunakan metode Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Melalui FMEA akan diperoleh nilai Risk Priority Number (RPN) yang menjadi acuan utama dalam menentukan skala prioritas perbaikan yang dibutuhkan.

Purpose: The study examines the impact of CEO demographics on corporate cash holdings in the Indonesian banking industry, focusing on CEO tenure, age, education, and gender. The study considers how regulatory constraints, firm characteristics, and macroeconomic factors shape corporate liquidity decisions.
Method: Using data from 46 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2004 to 2022, this study analyzes 637 firm-year observations. The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model assesses the relationship between CEO demographics and cash holdings, incorporating firm-specific and macroeconomic control variables such as firm size, leverage, working capital, inflation, and GDP growth.
Findings: The result reveals that CEO tenure negatively affects corporate cash holdings, suggesting that longer-tenured CEOs may optimize liquidity management rather than hold excess cash. CEO education positively influences cash holding, reflecting a stronger understanding of financial management and risk mitigation. In contrast, CEO age shows an insignificant effect, implying that experience and strategic priorities may matter more than age alone. Female CEOs exhibit a negative influence on cash holdings, possibly due to a more cautious financial approach or external governance expectations.
Novelty: The study contributes to the literature on corporate liquidity by integrating CEO demographic factors with firm-specific and macroeconomic contexts. It extends the application of the upper echelons theory in a highly regulated sector, demonstrating how leadership traits influence cash management decisions. The research offers valuable insights for regulators, investors, and corporate boards in evaluating CEO profiles when assessing financial policies and risk management strategies.

Indonesia is a multicultural country facing serious challenges related to intolerance, social conflict, and identity polarization. This study aims to examine the strategic role of Civic Education as a means of strengthening national insight in building a tolerant society. Using a qualitative approach through literature review methods, this research analyzes various relevant sources on education, tolerance, and nationalism. The results show that Civic Education contributes to shaping students’ democratic character, inclusiveness, and appreciation of diversity. It not only transfers civic knowledge but also instills social skills and human values. However, challenges in implementation remain, such as cognitively-centered curricula and the negative influence of digital technology. Therefore, a contextual learning approach that emphasizes real-life experiences and active student participation is needed. The findings indicate the importance of synergy between schools, families, and communities in creating a conducive environment for nurturing tolerant attitudes. The implications of this research highlight the need to revitalize Civic Education as a key medium for building a peaceful, inclusive, and civilized nation amid complex social dynamics.

The Community Learning Center (CLC) as a Non Formal Education (NFE) unit has the principles of 'from', 'by' and 'for' the community in management. CLC has an equality education Package program which is an alternative solution for affordable primary and secondary education services. Development of the NFE program at CLC based on entrepreneurship through coaching clinics with activities; delivery of material related to the NFE program and independence strategy, consulting on various problems faced by CLC, field visits to ensure the strategies chosen in developing the NFE program can be implemented properly, and building a shared commitment to developing the NFE program, so as to create self-reliance based CLC entrepreneurship. The objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of Package equality learning based on entrepreneurship in creating independence.
This research uses descriptive qualitative, with data analisys; (1) data reduction through department-interviews, participant observation, documentation, (2) data display, (3) conclusions. As for checking the validity of the data to measure the degree of trust (credibility) with transferability and confirmability.
The results of the study show changes in conducting entrepreneurship learning for Package students which are more contextual and emphasize hands-on practice. Entrepreneurship-based NFE program development carried out in CLC is carried out through 3 stages, namely (1) the stage of context analysis and identification of community learning needs in which there are problems and resources that can be used for learning. (2) The stage of managing entrepreneurship learning which includes planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising entrepreneurship learning programs. (3) The evaluation stage is carried out to find out the learning outcomes and processes. Learning outcomes through theory and performance exams during practical work, while process evaluation is carried out at each stage of implementing entrepreneurship learning.
The conclusion is that the development of an entrepreneurship-based NFE program through a coaching clinic can provide changes in the management of culinary and barista entrepreneurship learning  as a program advantage in CLC. The novelty of this research is learning equality education packages combined with vocational skills which accelerate students' independence.

This article discusses the application of deductive and inductive methods in management, which are relevant in facing modern business challenges. Deductive methods, which move from general principles to specific cases, are used to confirm decisions based on established theories, whereas inductive methods, which move from specific observations to generalizations, allow the formation of new theories based on empirical data. These two methods have complementary advantages and disadvantages; deductive excels in efficiency and systematic logic, but is limited to initial premises, while inductive offers flexibility in understanding complex situations, although it risks producing less valid generalizations. The integration of deductive and inductive methods can provide a holistic approach, helping organizations make decisions that are evidence-based, adaptive, and relevant to specific contexts

This paper discusses the challenges and ethical solutions in the practice of da'wah through digital media. In the rapidly developing digital era, platforms such as social media, blogs, and video sites provide unprecedented opportunities for Islamic da'wah to reach a global audience. However, the ease of dissemination of information also poses significant challenges, such as the spread of inaccurate information, negative or provocative content, and violations of regulations. This paper discusses these challenges and suggests solutions, including education and training for da'wah (preachers), the use of trusted platforms, collaboration with communication experts, and the development of digital da'wah ethics guidelines. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach that aims to understand and describe the phenomenon of da'wah ethics in digital media in depth. Literature study is used as a data collection technique to explore the principles of da'wah ethics, the challenges faced by da'is in digital media, and the solutions proposed by communication and religious experts. This methodology allows researchers to gain a rich and holistic understanding of the challenges of digital da'wah ethics and their relevance in the context of modern communication. This study analyzes the impact of digital media on da'wah practices, with an emphasis on ethical considerations in content creation and interaction. It is concluded that da'wah in the digital era requires a careful and ethical approach to maintain the integrity and credibility of Islamic teachings while understanding the complexity of digital communication.