This research looks at the part of politeness strategies in cross-cultural communication, concentrating on Asian, European, and African cultures. A qualitative approach was used, and data were gathered through intercultural dialogues and interviews with 30 participants. The results show important cultural differences in using positive and negative politeness strategies. Asian cultures focused on indirectness, honorifics, and non-verbal cues to preserve harmony and hierarchical respect, while European cultures combined directness with mitigation methods like humor and politeness markers. African cultures used inclusive language, storytelling, and indirectness to build group cohesion. This study emphasizes the significance of intercultural competence for handling cultural differences and enhancing communication in various environments. 
 

Community service activities (PkM) held by the Indonesian Education Study Program, Bina Darma University aim to increase the confidence of grade XI students of SMK Arinda Palembang through speech training. Speech is a public speaking skill that is very important in education and career. In this program, students are given a basic understanding of speech, then practice composing and delivering it, and are evaluated to measure the development of their abilities. As a result, students showed an improvement in confidence and communication skills after participating in this training. It is hoped that this activity can prepare students to face challenges in the world of work that require good presentation skills.

This article reviews the importance of optimizing literacy and numeracy at elementary school level through the application of multisensory methods. Numeracy literacy is a very important aspect of basic skills for students, not only for academic success, but also for developing life skills in the digital and globalization era. This library research research method is often used in theoretical research, literature studies, or research that does not require collecting primary data through experiments or direct observation. Multisensory methods, which integrate various sensory channels such as visual, auditory and kinesthetic, have proven effective in supporting students to understand material more deeply and have fun. This approach can increase students' motivation and involvement in the learning process, as well as help them remember numeracy and literacy concepts better. This research shows that using a multisensory method approach, numeracy literacy learning in elementary schools can be more interesting and effective, providing a positive impact on students' cognitive development and problem solving abilities.

This service activity is carried out by lecturers and students of the Indonesian Language Education study program with the aim of increasing interest in reading and students having the ability to construct a short story based on building elements, structure and rules. Creative expressions of short stories produced by class XI Multimedia students at Arinda Vocational School Palembang shows significant potential as a medium for increasing literacy. Through short story writing activities, students are not only able to develop writing skills, but also improve critical thinking skills, imagination, and appreciation of various forms of literary works. This method encourages students to more actively explore ideas and create work that is relevant to their experiences and interests. Thus, the use of short stories as a literacy learning medium has a positive impact on improving students’ overall literacy skills. The service method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. After carrying out service, students are expected to have high creativity because they can present interesting stories based on their experience and imagination and are able to include intrinsic and extrinsic elements in the stories they create.

This article aims to examine the role of picture books in enhancing language skills in early childhood from the perspective of children's literature studies. Picture books are considered an effective medium in supporting children's language development because they combine visual and narrative elements that enrich the child's learning experience. Through picture books, children can not only develop vocabulary but also understand language structure, improve listening and speaking skills, and stimulate their imagination. This indicates that engaging and educational picture books can enhance children's language skills, particularly in word recognition, sentence development, and storytelling abilities. Therefore, picture books are a highly beneficial tool in improving language skills in early childhood and should be considered in early childhood education curricula.
 
 

The problem related to violation of RTRW is actually a common issue until now. Like the recent case, namely the fire that occurred at the Pertamina Plumpang Depot. The fire incident could actually be prevented by implementing proper spatial planning regulations. Based on the Regional Regulation (Perda) of DKI Jakarta Number 1 of 2012 concerning the 2030 Regional Spatial Planning, fuel oil (BBM) depots are required to have a buffer zone. Unfortunately, at the Pertamina Plumpang Depot, this buffer zone does not exist, so that residential areas are too close to the dangerous depot area. The purpose of this study is to find out the Annotation of the State Administrative Court Decision Number: 124 / G / LH / 2016 / PTUN-BDG. This research method uses a qualitative approach, with a special method applied, namely meta-analysis. Meta-analysis is a research technique used to combine findings from previous studies related to the same research topic. The results of the study show that among others Based on case information, it is known that there are 6 (six) plaintiffs who sued the Decree of the Head of the Investment and Integrated Licensing Agency of West Java Province Number: 660/10/19.1.02.0/BPMPT/2016 concerning the Environmental Permit for the Construction and Operational Activities of the 1x1000 MW Cirebon PLTU, Astanajapura District and Mundu District, Cirebon Regency by PT Cirebon Energi Prasarana. In its decision, the PTUN granted the lawsuit in its entirety.
 
 
 

This research aims to analyze the comparison of lowland rice harvest costs between traditional methods and the use of combine harvester technology in Padang Siring Village, Seginim District, South Bengkulu Regency. A total of 56 farmers were research respondents, consisting of 28 farmers using combine harvesters and 28 farmers using traditional methods. Primary data was collected through observation and interviews, while secondary data came from related agency documents. The research results show that the average cost of harvesting using traditional methods reaches IDR 2,560,000, while the cost of harvesting using a Combine Harvester is IDR 1,865,000, with a cost difference of IDR 695,000. Combine Harvester provides higher cost efficiency because it only requires IDR 500/kg for production wages and harvest time is shorter, namely one day for one hectare. In contrast, traditional methods require more labor and time, so they are more expensive. Reasons why farmers choose traditional methods include muddy land conditions, narrow rice fields, and inconsistent harvests. This research concludes that the use of a Combine Harvester is more efficient in terms of cost and time, but its implementation is still hampered by land conditions. It is hoped that this study can become a reference in encouraging the adoption of appropriate technology in the agricultural sector to support sustainable food self-sufficiency.

This research aims to analyze the palm oil agribusiness partnership pattern implemented by PT. Bengkulu Sustainable Palm Oil in Kedurang Ilir District, South Bengkulu, along with its impact on farmer partners. The research method was carried out descriptively with a qualitative approach, using primary data through in-depth interviews and secondary data from related documents. Respondents consisted of 440 partner farmers and 2 companies selected purposively. The research results show that the partnership pattern implemented is the Plasma Core Pattern (IP), where PT. Bengkulu Sawit Lestari acts as the core that guides and purchases the results of plasma farmers. The conflicts that occurred were relatively low, with the majority of partner farmers stating that there were no physical or significant conflicts. From an economic aspect, partner farmers produce an average of 4,038 kg of FFB per month, with a selling price of Rp. 1,948 per kilogram, resulting in net income of Rp. 5,512,443 per month after deducting costs. In conclusion, this agribusiness partnership succeeded in increasing farmer productivity and income, despite deficiencies in training and financial reporting by the company. It is recommended that companies and farmers jointly write written sanctions in agreements, increase training, and provide monthly financial reports to strengthen partnership relations.

Motion detection is an important process in computer vision to analyze activities in videos. This study implements a simple system to detect motion in video files using Python and the OpenCV library. The system works by comparing consecutive frames in a video to detect changes and mark areas that experience motion. The implementation shows satisfactory results on various sample videos. This study provides a solution that is easy to implement and can be used in applications such as video analysis and computer-based monitoring.

The digitalization era is developing rapidly in Indonesia. The pandemic that occurred accelerated digital transformation in various fields. Various digital platforms were developed to support the continuity of education during the pandemic so that they could develop digital skills and improve the status of digital literacy in Indonesia. In addition to the positive impacts, there are also negative impacts from the development of digital transformation. The National Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic which focuses on information security is committed to encouraging increased digital skills and literacy in the surrounding community. Therefore, this time the National Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic located in Bogor Regency began to focus on developing digital skills and literacy among high school students or equivalent in Bogor Regency. The students' digital literacy status was first measured and then the right program or activity was determined to develop their digital skills and literacy. The digital literacy status was measured based on four pillars, Pillar 1 Digital Skill, Pillar 2 Digital Ethics, Pillar 3 Digital Safety, and Pillar 4 Digital Culture. Data collection was carried out by giving questionnaires to 276 high school students or equivalent who used the internet in Bogor Regency. Students give a score to each statement and then the score will be calculated as an average per pillar. The digital literacy index is obtained from the average score of all pillars. The digital literacy index result is 3.14 which is higher than the West Java digital literacy index of 2.78. In addition, pillar 2 Digital Ethic has the lowest score among the four pillars so that the next program is expected to aim to increase this score.