Secondary metabolites are compounds produced by plants, microorganisms and animals through the process of biosynthesis or derivatives from primary metabolites. The maceration method is a simple way to separate bioactive compounds from plant material. Guava leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds which have medicinal effects such as antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. This simplicia leaf is soaked in 96% ethanol (using the maceration method) for 24 hours and concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Alkaloid, flavonoid and saponin tests show that guava leaves contain these three compounds. These compounds have potential for development in the pharmaceutical field.

Orphans often face obstacles in obtaining proper education. This program provides support through scholarships and participation in Qur'anic and Mathematics Olympiad competitions. Through this program, orphans can access quality education, increase their confidence, and develop their potential. The community service method was conducted through observation and documentation. The results show an increase in academic achievement and moral character development of the orphans. In conclusion, this program plays an important role in supporting orphans in achieving their right to education and developing their potential through educational competitions. The results show an increase in academic achievement, moral character development, and increased confidence of the orphans. This community service makes a positive contribution in supporting orphans in achieving their right to education and developing their potential through educational competitions.

This article examines and discusses the Supreme Court judge's decision regarding the results of the Individual Candidate Dispute in the 2020 Ketapang Regent and Deputy Regent General Election at the Regency Level during the Improvement Period. viewed from the perspective of State Administrative Law. seen from the case and the way the judge assesses the case and the judge's decision. In this article we use qualitative research methods, which focus on observation and in-depth research. pay attention to human behavior and what aspects influence it. This is realized by looking at what aspects make the plaintiff object and what aspects influence the judge to make a decision

Dragon fruit plants originating from Central and South America have not been widely cultivated. This plant has only been cultivated intensively in several countries such as: Israel, Colombia, Nicaragua, Vietnam, Thailand, China and Australia. Macroscopic identification showed that the fungi associated with dragon fruit stems had similarities to the colony form of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sp. Trichoderma is known to have antagonistic abilities against pathogenic fungi. Trichoderma is easily found in soil ecosystems and plant roots. The method in this study is a survey method. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling or Judgmental sampling method, namely purposive sampling is a sampling method that selects objects (vines) that are considered attacked or have symptoms of pathogen attack. Trichoderma sp is also tolerant to stress and able to inactivate pathogenic microbial enzymes. In addition, Trichoderma sp. Able to produce enzymes that hydrolyze pathogenic cell walls which will inhibit the synthesis of pathogenic cell walls and increase their fungicidal activity, as a result of which pathogenic fungi experience a decrease in growth rate.

This research aims at examining how the regulator can make regulation to optimize financing implementation with YouTube content as a collateral. This research is considered necessary, because besides Government Regulation Number 24 Year 2022 which becomes the basis to give financing under an intellectual property as a collateral, banking institutions might still be in doubt to implement such a financing scheme due to many weak supporting regulations. This research is conducted with a normative-juridical approach method. The research shows that there are still many regulations which have not accommodated the financing implementation of intellectual property-based financing scheme basis, especially those regulations related to valuation, recognition of intellectual property as a banking asset and execution of intellectual property when a debtor default. The weak regulation of these three aspects makes financial institutions doubtful to implement the intellectual property-based financing especially because bank activities are to collect and distribute funds to the society. The conclusions of this research show that basically there has been a method or way to anticipate the three problems, but it needs to be legalized in a form of regulation so that the bank has legal certainty and protection in its financing with intellectual property as the collateral. The regulators are supposed to be able to create regulation to optimize financing implementation with intellectual property as the collateral.

This study examines the legal aspects of the digital transformation of coffee and tobacco products in Batursari Village, Kledung, Temanggung, Indonesia, with a focus on enhancing the welfare of local entrepreneurs. Batursari Village, rich in natural resources, has significant potential for growth in its coffee and tobacco industries. The research aims to develop strategies for improving the welfare of these entrepreneurs through product digitalization, aligning with the mandate of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, which emphasizes the principle of kinship in the economy. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and focus group discussions with local entrepreneurs, the study identifies key challenges and opportunities in digital transformation. While the potential for expanding market access and increasing productivity through digital tools is evident, a lack of digital literacy and limited technological access have been significant barriers. The research highlights the importance of addressing legal aspects related to digital marketing, e-commerce regulations, and compliance with product standards. The study concludes that empowering local entrepreneurs with training in digital marketing and e-commerce can significantly improve market access, productivity, and overall welfare. Recommendations include implementing technical guidance sessions and providing ongoing support to facilitate the adoption of digital tools. Additionally, addressing legal and policy challenges is crucial to create a supportive environment for digitalization in rural economies. This research contributes valuable insights into how digital transformation can be harnessed to boost economic growth and welfare in rural agricultural communities, with a specific focus on Batursari Village’s coffee and tobacco industries.

One of the coaching processes that is planned, directed, systematic and continuous is a step to achieve peak athlete performance. The existence of fostering the Faithful Hati Terate Brotherhood, Bungo Nic.067 Branch as a forum for fostering and organizing athlete training to achieve achievements. . This study aims to evaluate which includes Context, Input, Process, Product from the Faithful Hati Terate Brotherhood Pencak Silat Development program, Bungo Nic.067 Branch. This program evaluation research uses the CIIP model (context, input, process, product). The subjects of this study include administrators, coaches, athletes. Data collection techniques through 3 ways, namely by 1) interviews, 2) observation, and 3) documentation. The data source studied was the development of the Setia Hati Terate Brotherhood, Bungo Nic.067 Branch. The analysis technique used is an interactive model. The results of the study concluded that: 1) Context, the context coaching program is very clear, has a good background and vision and mission of coaching as a forum for fostering pencak silat and creating athletes who can excel at the national level. 2) Input coaching program, recruiting coaches and athletes in good category based on criteria. The infrastructure is quite good, funding for development comes from the ratification fund for new PSHT residents, Bungo Nic.067 branch. 3) The coaching process, the training process is still not good, the training is not in accordance with the program that the management wants because there is no written training program. 4) Product, the results of PSHT athletes from the Bungo Nic.067 Branch are in the good category because there is an increase in achievement even though they have not reached the set targets.

Tax is an important source of income for the state because it plays a major role in the development of the country. However, taxes that must be paid through tax evasion violations must still be reduced. Indonesians are very social, so that increasing tax evasion is considered normal, especially for matters relating to personal taxes. This study investigates how religiosity, love of money, and fairness of the tax system impact tax evasion. This study uses a Structural Literature Review (SLR) to systematically analyze a number of articles published from 2018 to 2024. The literature is categorized based on relevant concepts and then grouped as incongruent themes to discuss additional issues about the influence of religiosity, love of money, and fairness of the tax system on tax evasion. The results and discussion show that Religiosity, Love of Money, and Fairness of the Tax System have a significant effect on tax evasion.

This study aims to find out how social criticism is in the script of the drama DOR by Putu Wilayah. The object used in this study is a series of events in the script of the drama DOR by Putu Wijaya which contains social criticism. This manuscript was published by Balai Pustaka in 1985. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive method. The data collection technique is to read and understand the script of the drama DOR by Putu Wijaya, mark the speeches of the characters and narrators in the script of the drama DOR by Putu Wijaya, then record the findings on the record sheet, and inventory the characters contained in the script of the drama DOR by Putu Wijaya in a table format. The data analysis technique is to classify data on social criticism contained in the script of the drama DOR by Putu Wijaya through the speech of the characters, the actions of the characters and the narrator's exposure, interpret the data on social criticism in the script of the drama DOR by Putu Wijaya and draw conclusions and report the results of data analysis. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that the forms of social criticism in the DOR drama script by Putu Wijaya include, among others, (1) Social criticism of norm violations, (2) Social criticism of family disorganization, (3) Social criticism of crime handling, (4) Social criticism of poverty.
 
 
 

Alkaline water is known to have health benefits due to its higher pH than ordinary water. In this study, the production of alkaline water from rainwater using electrolysis method was optimized, with variations in voltage and time to evaluate its effect on pH and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). The experiment involved three voltage levels (12 Volt, 24 Volt, and 36 Volt) and three time intervals (10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes). The results showed that increasing the voltage and electrolysis time contributed significantly to the increase in water pH, which reached the highest value at 36 Volt for 30 minutes. However, increasing the voltage and time also increased the TDS value linearly, which can affect the water quality if it exceeds a certain limit. This study concludes that the optimal voltage for producing alkaline water with suitable pH and TDS is 24 Volt with an electrolysis time of 20 minutes. Thus, this method offers an efficient and simple solution to produce alkaline water from rainwater, which could potentially benefit public health in areas with limited access to high-quality drinking water.