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To address the negative impacts of teenage romantic relationships on peer dynamics and academic achievement at SMP Negeri 5 Sipahutar, school authorities implemented a regulation prohibiting dating, in line with Pancasila character education principles. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of this policy on fostering positive social behavior among ninth-grade students. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach and involved 81 students as respondents. Data were collected using a four-level multiple-choice agreement questionnaire consisting of ten items. The analysis results showed a total score of 2707, a mean score of 33.42, a standard deviation of 4.8, and an average scale score of 3.34. The findings revealed that 78.2% of students agreed that the regulation encouraged peer cooperation, improved discipline in obeying school rules, and supported effective group learning. In addition, the policy appeared to contribute to a more positive school environment by reducing distractions associated with adolescent dating behavior. These findings indicate that school-based regulations can play an important role in shaping adolescent character and social behavior based on national values. Therefore, such policies may serve as an effective preventive strategy for educational institutions that aim to strengthen character education and promote responsible student conduct.

This study aims to describe the implementation of instilling Islamic Religious Education values in the aspects of the Qur’an and Aqidah at TPQ Fattuhul Qulub, Doyo Baru District. The background of this research is based on the importance of Islamic religious education in shaping children’s character and morals from an early age amid the decline in the morality of the younger generation. TPQ, as a non-formal educational institution, has an important role in instilling Islamic values through learning the Qur’an, aqidah, and morals. However, in its implementation, several obstacles are still found, such as the low understanding of students regarding religious values, varying abilities in reading the Qur’an, and the lack of support from family and community environments.This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation at TPQ Fattuhul Qulub, Doyo Baru District. The focus of the research includes the planning, implementation, and evaluation processes of instilling Islamic Religious Education values in the aspects of the Qur’an and Aqidah.The results of the study indicate that the instillation of Islamic Religious Education values has been carried out through structured stages of planning, implementation, and evaluation. The learning process was conducted using the methods of Iqra’, tahsin, tahfidz, talaqqi, lectures, role modeling, habituation, and exemplary stories. In the Qur’anic aspect, students were guided to read the Qur’an according to tajwid rules and memorize short surahs, while in the Aqidah aspect, students were taught the pillars of faith, the attributes of Allah and His Messenger, and the formation of Islamic morals. The evaluation results showed improvements in Qur’anic reading skills, memorization, understanding of aqidah, and changes in students’ religious behavior, such as becoming more disciplined, polite, and diligent in worship. This success was supported by the exemplary behavior of the teachers and the involvement of parents in the learning process.

This study is motivated by the importance of work effectiveness as a key indicator of organizational success in facing an increasingly complex and competitive work environment. Work discipline is viewed as one of the critical factors that can support the achievement of optimal work effectiveness. This study aims to analyze the relationship between work discipline and work effectiveness and to identify the factors influencing them within an organizational context. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review, which involves examining various relevant scientific articles through the stages of identification, selection, evaluation, and data synthesis. The results of the study indicate that work discipline plays a significant role in enhancing work effectiveness through adherence to rules, punctuality, responsibility, and consistency in task execution. Furthermore, work effectiveness can also foster the development of discipline through structured work systems and clear operational standards. The relationship between these two variables is reciprocal and influenced by factors such as leadership, organizational culture, motivation, human resource competencies, and the utilization of technology. The implications of this research underscore the importance of integrating work discipline and organizational systems to sustainably enhance work effectiveness.

This study aims to analyze the regulatory characteristics of the Regulation of the Minister of Home Affairs Number 77 of 2020 as a technical guideline for regional financial management, particularly in examining the tension between its normative nature and mandatory provisions, as well as their implications for regional financial governance. The research employs a normative juridical approach, utilizing both statute and conceptual approaches, complemented by a critical analysis of the regulation’s implementation. The findings indicate that, formally, Regulation No. 77 of 2020 is normative in nature as a guideline; however, in practice, it contains numerous mandatory provisions that bind local governments. These mandatory elements have been shown to enhance accountability and transparency through the standardization of procedures, reporting obligations, and strict supervisory mechanisms. On the other hand, the dominance of detailed rules tends to create policy rigidity, increase administrative burdens, and reduce the flexibility and discretion of local governments in adapting policies to local needs. Furthermore, the study identifies a phenomenon of formalistic or ritualistic compliance, which risks producing symbolic accountability without improving the quality of public services. The effectiveness of the regulation’s implementation is also influenced by disparities in human resource capacity, information systems, and regional fiscal capabilities. Therefore, a balance between mandatory approaches and normative flexibility is necessary to ensure that regional financial governance operates effectively, adaptively, and in accordance with the principles of good governance.

The coffee shop industry in Indonesia is experiencing rapid growth that requires business owners to optimize data-driven strategies. This study aims to analyze customer preferences at Semanis Coffee and Resto using data mining methods  to support more effective business decision-making. The method used is Market Basket Analysis with the FP-Growth algorithm for association rule mining and the K-Means algorithm for customer segmentation. The research data consists of 672 sales transactions during the March-May 2025 period. The results of the association analysis with a minimum support of 0.004 and a minimum confidence of 0.2 resulted in five valid rules with a lift ratio above 1. The strongest rule is the combination of Americano→Milk Choco with a confidence of 42.9% and an elevator ratio of 5.229, indicating a strong linkage between products. The most popular products are Milk Choco (10.8%) and Americano (8.5%). Customer segmentation analysis identified three clusters: Cluster 0 (Loyal Customers) 80% with high frequency but low transaction value; Cluster 1 (Occasional Customers) 10% with low activity; and Cluster 2 (Large Buyers) 10% with high transaction value but low frequency. This study concludes that product bundling strategies, loyalty programs, reactivation campaigns, and premium services can be applied to increase the effectiveness of coffee shop businesses.

The Qiroati method is an instructional approach to reading the Qur’an that emphasizes direct practice of tartil recitation in accordance with the rules of tajwid. This method is practical, systematic, and implemented gradually, meaning that learners are not allowed to proceed to the next level before achieving fluency at the current stage. One of the main challenges in learning to read and memorize the Qur’an is the limited use of structured teaching methods, as some teachers still rely primarily on personal experience and conventional reading approaches. This condition contributes to students’ lack of fluency in reading and memorizing the Qur’an, as well as decreased learning motivation due to monotonous and less effective instructional practices. This study aims to examine the implementation of the Qiroati method in improving students’ Qur’anic reading ability within the Tahfidzul Qur’an program at SMP Daruttaqwa Full Day School. The findings are expected to provide useful insights for educators and contribute to academic knowledge. This research employs a field research design with a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on describing the application of the Qiroati method in enhancing students’ reading ability in relation to Qur’an memorization. Data were collected through interviews, tests, and documentation, while data analysis involved data collection, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the implementation of the Qiroati method effectively improves students’ ability to read the Qur’an in the Tahfidzul Qur’an program. This is evidenced by the improvement in students’ reading scores compared to their previous performance. In practice, the method involves teachers modeling correct recitation, followed by students reading collectively. Therefore, the Qiroati method not only enhances students’ accuracy in reading the Qur’an but also fosters a more engaging and effective learning environment.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the memorization method of the Jurumiyah book in improving students’ understanding of the yellow book at Al-Istiqomah Islamic Boarding School, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and examine its contribution to students’ learning abilities. This research employed a descriptive qualitative field study conducted at Al-Istiqomah Islamic Boarding School in Tanjungsari Village, Petanahan, Kebumen, from December 2025 to February 2026. The research subjects included caregivers, khadimul ma’had, ustadz or ustadzah, and students. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively. The findings show that the memorization method of the Jurumiyah book is implemented through stages of preparation, memorization deposit, and evaluation. In the memorization process, students not only memorize the text but also understand its meaning and apply nahwu rules in reading the yellow book. Several supporting techniques, such as lalalaran, association, the cantol system, and tikrar, help strengthen students’ memorization. Supporting factors include motivation, discipline, teacher guidance, and a conducive environment, while inhibiting factors include differences in students’ abilities, lack of concentration, and limited learning time. Overall, the method contributes positively to improving students’ ability to read and understand the yellow book.  

This literature study examines the process of self-regulation in transforming compliance with school rules originating from external pressure into behavioral regularity emerging from personal awareness, and its impact on the effectiveness of student learning outcomes. Using a qualitative approach with content analysis method, this study synthesizes relevant literature to build a theoretical framework on how self-regulation facilitates the internalization of disciplinary values. The findings reveal that self-regulation occurs through a series of interconnected stages including goal setting, strategy planning, self-monitoring, evaluation, and adjustment. The success of this process is determined by internal motivation, appropriate environmental support, positive direct experiences, and healthy emotional management. Strong self-regulation directly impacts learning outcome effectiveness through improved cognitive strategies, strengthened intrinsic motivation, enhanced time and environment management, and developed capacity to constructively cope with failure. Learning outcomes achieved through self-regulation processes are characterized by lasting understanding, knowledge transfer ability, and the formation of lifelong learning dispositions. Schools and teachers play strategic roles in strengthening self-regulation through curriculum design that supports autonomy, formative feedback, role modeling, and collaboration with parents. This study contributes theoretically by positioning self-regulation as the central mechanism bridging external influences and internal disposition formation.

The advancement of financial technology has resulted in the creation of electronic wallets that serve not only as payment instruments but also as platforms for electronic transactions and digital loan services. This situation engenders a conflict between the implementation and the prevailing regulation, specifically Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 18/40/PBI/2016 regarding Payment Transaction Processing, which raises concerns about legal certainty and user protection, particularly in relation to the delineation of supervisory authority between Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority. This research aims to elucidate the regulation of electronic wallets in terms of legal clarity, legal protection, and oversight by the Financial Services Authority and Bank Indonesia concerning the adoption of electronic wallets. This study employs a normative legal methodology. Data is derived from secondary sources, encompassing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal literature. This study employs both a legislative and a conceptual methodology. The research findings suggest that the regulation of electronic wallets, as per Bank Indonesia Regulation, has not entirely met user requirements. Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 18/40/PBI/2016, on the Implementation of Payment Transaction Processing, does not explicitly address legal certainty and legal protection for users who deposit funds or utilise digital loan services on electronic wallets. This situation establishes a disparity between regulatory implementation and governing rules, which may result in insufficient oversight of electronic wallet operations and a discord of authority between Bank Indonesia and the Financial Services Authority regarding the supervision of financial transactions in Indonesia.

The role of ports as crucial nodes in the global supply chain positions the maritime sector as one of the most dynamic industries worldwide. This research analyzes the strengthening of business law support maritime sector integration to enhance port operational efficiency and the role of business law instruments in realizing the principle of fair competition within ports. This research employs a normative legal approach focusing on the study of existing legal norms and regulations governing port management and maritime integration. The strengthening of business law in the maritime sector plays a crucial role in improving port operational efficiency. A strong and well coordinated business law framework will create ports that are more efficient, competitive, and adaptive to the changing demands of the global market. Several key principles must be developed. First, rules on information disclosure and accountability to ensure transparency in port governance. Second, prohibitions against abuse of dominant positions and oversight of vertical integration to prevent anti-competitive practices. Third, clear contractual norms and governance structures for public private partnerships (PPP), including proportional risk-sharing mechanisms to ensure fairness and efficiency in infrastructure development. Fourth, multi-level governance alignment across national and regional authorities to prevent incentive distortions.

The number of students arriving late often disrupts the classroom atmosphere and disrupts adherence to school rules. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the behavioral contract technique in changing this habit. Using a qualitative approach focused on literature review, this study found that internal factors within students and environmental factors are the main causes of their tardiness. Behavioral counseling can help change behavior through reinforcement and habit training, while the behavioral contract technique provides clear rules and agreements that make students more responsible. Behavioral changes occur gradually and are more effective if students are involved and there is a balance between rewards and punishments. Therefore, this technique is suitable for use as a practical way to train student discipline in the school environment.

The internet has penetrated various aspects of human life, changing the way individuals interact with one another. Everything from reading the news and searching for information to working and studying, to fundraising, can now be done online. Fundraising, often referred to as donations, can now be done through social media. People can contribute their funds online, a process known as crowdfunding. Crowdfunding is an internet-based funding method that allows certain initiatives to be funded through contributions from many people online, without any specific time limits. This fundraising generally focuses on social, educational, or humanitarian initiatives. In Indonesia, fundraising is often carried out by non-profit organizations or individuals. The success of a fundraising campaign is influenced by several factors, such as clarity of campaign objectives and a compelling narrative to attract donors. However, fundraising is still vulnerable to abuse by irresponsible parties. Therefore, regulations in Indonesia need to be strengthened to prevent abuse and increase accountability. Rules related to fundraising are regulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 9 of 1961 concerning the Collection of Money or Goods. Thus, optimizing fundraising requires a combination of effective communication strategies, transparent management, and clear regulations. The results of this study are expected to serve as a guide for organizations and individuals seeking effective fundraising, as well as provide input for policymakers regarding fundraising regulations in Indonesia.

This study analyzes junior high school students' errors in solving mathematics problems involving integers. This study was conducted through a systematic literature review of 12 related research articles published between 2021 and 2026. The analysis shows that students' errors in integers include contextual, procedural, and technical (calculation) errors. The most common conceptualization errors were found in the understanding of positive and negative signs and the rules for mixed operations. The main causes of errors are a lack of in-depth conceptual understanding, the habit of memorizing without understanding, and a lack of practice using concrete media. Internal factors such as learning motivation and external factors such as learning methods and media also contribute. This study recommends that the mathematics learning process emphasize meaningful conceptual understanding, the use of concrete media, and learning strategies that engage students' mathematical connection skills. Thus, difficulties in learning integers can be minimized sustainably.

This study examines clause structures and syntactic relations in argumentative articles published on the 2025 edition of the Badan Bahasa website. As a communication tool, language plays a crucial role in conveying ideas and shaping logical reasoning, particularly in argumentative texts that require a high degree of cohesion and coherence. The research aims to describe the patterns of clause structure and interclausal syntactic relations used in these articles to understand how linguistic constructions influence argumentative strength. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with the distributional method, the study relies on internal linguistic elements as analytical instruments. The findings show that the articles generally employ single clauses with S–P–Pelengkap patterns as well as complex clauses expressing causation, alongside syntactic relations that include coordination and subordination, including causal, contrastive, purposive, and additive relations. These patterns indicate consistent application of Indonesian syntactic rules, although some repetitive tendencies appear in the use of active clauses and multi-layered complex sentence structures. The study highlights the importance of mastering clause structure in constructing logical, persuasive argumentative texts, and the findings are expected to serve as a reference for writers and language institutions to improve academic writing quality and enrich linguistic studies in digital contexts.

This study aims to analyze news texts on the online news portal IDN Times. In addition, the study aims to identify various syntactic errors in the news texts on the portal, including non-standard sentence structures, the use of loanwords, ambiguous sentences, inappropriate diction, and low word efficiency, thereby providing an overview of the language quality and presentation of information in the online media. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, with a syntactic framework as the theoretical foundation. The researcher obtained data by reading several relevant references and recording information that could be used as data. Therefore, the reading and note-taking technique was used in this study. The data in this study consisted of news texts from the online news portal IDN Times, edition 2025. The data analysis method employed is the distributional method. The researcher analyzed the texts by identifying sentences that did not conform to syntactic rules and assessed the suitability of the texts as proper and accurate news texts. The results revealed various syntactic errors, including errors in sentence structure, diction, punctuation, sentence effectiveness, loanword usage, and conjunction usage. How ever, the findings indicate that although some syntactic errors were found, the news texts on the portal generally have a relatively good and coherent structure. Therefore, the texts can provide valuable insights into language use in the context of online media and serve as sources of information for studying language quality and effective communication in digital news writing.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the legality and limits of police repressive actions against protests that resulted in riots. This type of research is normative legal research with a legislative approach, a case approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis used in this study is an analytical descriptive technique. The results of the research show that the law is always used as a guideline in limiting all citizens' behavior to stay on the right path. Protests often lead to riots, destruction of public facilities, attacks on officers, and violations of public order, so that there is a criminal threat for protesters who do not maintain order and security. The regulation of police repressive actions in protests that result in chaos still needs special refinement in the context of protests, among which the substance of repressive actions must also harmonize technological developments and digitalization in security maintenance. The rules need to be updated by adding objective indicators of threats, public accountability mechanisms, transparent documentation obligations, measurable proportionality standards, and room for recovery for victims of abuse of power.

Indiscipline in learning behavior is a form of problematic behavior that is commonly found in the school environment and has the potential to hinder the effectiveness of the learning process. This issue does not arise suddenly; rather, it develops gradually through processes influenced by various factors. This article aims to examine the problem of indiscipline in learning through a review and analysis of relevant research findings. The study uses a literature review method by collecting, examining, and analyzing journals and scientific references that discuss learning discipline and students’ indisciplined behavior. The results indicate that indiscipline in learning activities is influenced by both internal and external factors. Internal factors include low interest and motivation, poor study habits, weak values and morals, as well as students’ physical and psychological conditions. Meanwhile, external factors include family situations, peer influence, the school environment, the use of technology, and inconsistent enforcement of rules. The observable behaviors include arriving late, skipping school without clear reasons, violating school regulations, and showing a lack of responsibility. Therefore, addressing the problem of indiscipline in learning requires a comprehensive and sustainable approach involving both schools and families.

Language is a means of communication between individuals and groups to convey ideas, concepts, or insights. Language can be expressed orally or in writing. Spoken language is temporary or contemporary, while written language is permanent. Spoken language is delivered without an intermediary media, whereas writing serves as an academic archive to ensure that the conveyed insights are preserved. Therefore, writing is done, for example, in encyclopedias, which contain collections of information about science, knowledge, history, arts, technology, and others in a broad and easily understandable manner. Writing books is very important in delivering accurate and easily understood information, so the use of language must adhere to linguistic rules. However, errors are often found that can disrupt clarity and accuracy of information. This research aims to identify types of sentence errors in the encyclopedia book titled “Islamic Kingdoms in Indonesia.” The study examines the use of language in accordance with linguistic rules using a qualitative method and a descriptive approach, analyzing data from various chapters in the book in depth. The results show errors in sentence structure, punctuation, and incorrect terminology, which can reduce the quality of the information. The benefit of this research is to provide recommendations for writers and publishers to improve the encyclopedia so that it becomes more informative and easier to understand, as well as to enhance the quality of scholarly works in the field of historiography.

The language used in online news is not only a tool for conveying information but also shapes perspectives that influence readers. One key element in this aspect is phrases. Phrases always appear in various types of text. A phrase is a grammatical unit consisting of two or more words that does not exceed the functional limit and fulfills one of the syntactic functions. Phrases are often found in a text within a sentence, one of which is on the online news page cnnindonesia.com. The type of phrase found in the news page is a verb phrase that functions to form a predicate, link ideas, and better explain the author's intent. The cnnindonesia.com page about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025 was chosen because it shows a variety of verb phrases that are interesting to study. This study aims to describe the form of verb phrases found in the cnnindonesia.com news about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025. This research can provide a clearer picture of verb phrases in journalistic texts. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study describe verb phrases and their syntactic functions in a cnnindonesia.com news story about Affan Kurniawan published in August 2025. This research is useful theoretically and practically. Theoretically, this study enriches the syntactic study of verb phrases and their application in media texts. Practically, the results can serve as a reference for students, researchers, and journalists in using Indonesian effectively and according to the rules.

One of the most contentious topics in modern Islamic family law is polygamous marriage, especially in plural legal systems like Indonesia where national laws and human rights concepts collide with religious standards. With an emphasis on the pursuit of substantive justice within both Islamic and national legal paradigms, this study uses a socio-legal framework to analyze Indonesia's reform of polygamous marriage law. In order to evaluate the efficacy of current legal regulations, such as Law No. 1 of 1974 as amended by Law No. 16 of 2019 and the Compilation of Islamic Law, this study combines the principles of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah with socio-legal theory, drawing on normative-theological analysis and qualitative doctrinal research. The results show that normative legal ideals and actual socio-legal reality continue to diverge. The ability of statutory rules to provide women and children with meaningful protection is limited because, although they set stringent procedural requirements to prevent polygamy, their execution frequently remains formalistic and institutionally constricted. Furthermore, the achievement of justice as envisioned in Islamic ethical principles is undermined by the persistence of dominant patriarchal legal cultures in influencing judicial procedures and public attitudes. In order to reframe polygamy as a conditional socio-ethical institution rather than an inalienable legal privilege, this paper suggests a reform-oriented legal framework. The study promotes a contextualized view of Islamic law that is consistent with both international human rights norms and constitutional ideals by placing a strong emphasis on substantive justice, gender fairness, and public benefit. The results provide policy-relevant insights for creating a more just and socially responsive family law system in Indonesia and add to the ongoing discussions on Islamic legal reform.