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This study investigates how Lembaga Musik Pervagatus, a group that does not display Islamic identity, creates an Islamic musical image when performing at religious events in Islamic campuses.  This study investigates how visual elements, song selection, and stage interaction influence audience perception. It does so using qualitative methods through interviews and performance observations.  How the band's performative identity is influenced by attributes such as appearance, personality, cultural values, and audience relations is studied using Kapferer's Brand Identity Prism model.  Conversely, Stuart Hall's theory of representation helps explain how Islamic meaning emerges in the context of events. The results show that the image of Islamic music attached to Pervagatus does not originate from the band's original identity; rather, it is a construction of meaning influenced by the context of religious events and the audience's interpretation of the song ‘Maulana Ya Maulana’ that they performed.  This perception was further reinforced by their neat, polite, and enthusiastic appearance.  The results show that the relationship between performance, context, and audience interpretation shapes the image of Islamic music on campus.

Innovation in biology learning is increasingly necessary, as conventional instructional practices are often dominated by memorization-based methods that limit students’ active engagement and critical thinking development. Along with rapid advances in science and technology, digital applications offer new opportunities to enhance teaching and learning processes. One such application is Canva, a digital design platform that can be utilized as an effective learning media to support teachers and students in biology education. This study aims to describe the implementation of Canva-based learning media through a training program conducted at SMA Islam Terpadu Daarul Rahman and to examine its perceived usefulness for both teachers and students. The training involved teachers in developing biology learning materials using Canva by integrating visual elements, images, and videos to present complex biological concepts more clearly. The results of the training indicate that Canva is considered practical, user-friendly, and efficient by teachers in designing learning materials. Teachers reported that the application helped them present content in a more attractive and structured manner. Furthermore, students benefited from the use of Canva-based materials, as they demonstrated better understanding of the subject matter and increased interest in learning biology. The integration of visual and multimedia elements also supported the development of students’ critical thinking skills by encouraging analysis and interpretation of biological phenomena. Overall, the use of Canva as a learning medium shows potential to enhance the quality of biology learning and foster more meaningful learning experiences.

The rapid development of e-commerce as part of the broader digital transformation has introduced various new forms of transactions that were not explicitly recognized in classical Islamic jurisprudence. These include digital contracts, non-physical goods, cloud-based services, and electronic payment systems. Such innovations present a range of legal challenges, particularly concerning the validity of contracts, the legal status of digital products, the permissibility and security of electronic payment methods, and the protection of consumers in online transactions. To address these challenges, Islamic scholars have increasingly turned to ijtihad the process of independent reasoning and interpretation—as a methodology capable of providing legal solutions for contemporary issues. This study employs a qualitative approach, primarily through literature review, to examine the foundational principles of ijtihad, various methodological tools, and their applicability to different aspects of e-commerce transactions. The findings demonstrate that ijtihad methods, including qiyās (analogical reasoning), istislāh (consideration of public interest), istihsān (juridical preference), and ‘urf (customary practice), enable Islamic law to remain adaptive and flexible, while still oriented toward justice and public welfare. By applying these methods, Islamic jurisprudence can provide legal certainty, uphold fairness, and ensure that e-commerce practices align with Shariah principles, ultimately fostering trust and ethical behavior in the digital marketplace.

Humans, as creations of Allah SWT, are entrusted with the mandate to prosper the earth; therefore, divine revelations were sent down, culminating in the Qur’an as the ultimate guide for life. Islam, as a universal religion, emphasizes education as a means to achieve a complete and meaningful life. Islamic education, as defined by scholars such as al-Syaebani, Zakiah Drajat, and Muhaimin, is a process of transforming human behavior in personal, social, and environmental contexts based on Islamic values. This study employs a library research method with a thematic tafsir (maudhu’i) approach to examine the Qur’anic foundations of Islamic education. The findings indicate that verses such as QS. Al-‘Alaq [96]:1–5 highlight the importance of literacy as the starting point of education, QS. Al-Mujadalah [58]:11 affirms the elevated status of the learned, QS. An-Nahl [16]:78 emphasizes human innate potential, QS. Luqman [31]:12–19 stresses character education, and QS. Ali Imran [3]:190–191 underscores the integration of spirituality and intellect. Thus, the Qur’anic foundation provides theological, philosophical, and practical bases for the development of Islamic education aimed at forming insan kamil—individuals who are knowledgeable, faithful, and morally upright. QS. Luqman: 13–19 highlights education based on monotheism and morals, where Luqman advises his children to have faith, do good deeds and be patient. QS. Al-Māidah: 67 emphasizes trust and courage in conveying knowledge, as Allah commanded the Prophet to convey revelation without fear

Journal this paper explores the concepts of honorarium, salary, and allowances in the field of educantion from the perspective of Prophentic tradition (hadith). The study is grounded in the undertanding that education plays a central role in shaping future generations, and teachers, as key contributors, deserve fair and proper compensation for their service. Despite their crucial role, many educators especially honorary teachers often face challenges due to insuffient financial recognition. This research examines various hadiths that emphasize the virtue of lawful work, the obligation to provide wages fairly and on time, and the importance of upholding justice and benevolence in human relationships. This study emplos qualitative library research by analyzing classical hadith compilation and scholarly interpretation. The findings  highlight that fair compensation is not merely an economic issue but a moral and religious oblagation, reinforcing the need for enducational institutions to ensure teachers welfare in accordance with Islamic ethical principles.

Gender equality in the religious sphere in Indonesia is a complex phenomenon, shaped by the interaction between theological doctrines, institutional practices, and the socio-cultural context of each tradition. This study employs a qualitative-descriptive approach through literature review to analyze six major religions in Indonesia: Catholicism, Protestantism, Islam, Hindu Dharma, Buddhism, and Confucianism. The analysis focuses on three main dimensions: theological perspectives regarding gender roles and positions, social changes influencing gender relations, and transformations in institutional structures and practices that support gender equality. The findings indicate that historically, women were often placed in subordinate positions due to patriarchal norms, although the core teachings of these religions contain egalitarian principles and recognition of women’s dignity. Contemporary transformations are reflected in the reinterpretation of religious texts and practices that promote gender equality: Catholicism emphasizes the recognition of women’s dignity within the clerical hierarchy; Protestantism opens opportunities for the ordination of female pastors; Islam reinterprets the principles of Qawwamun and family law rights; Balinese Hindu Dharma adjusts women’s roles in rituals and public spheres; Buddhism revives the bhikkhuni order within the sangha; and Confucianism modernizes the interpretation of Wu Lun and San Cong to emphasize mutual responsibilities between husband and wife. In conclusion, despite persistent patriarchal challenges, this study affirms that religion has the potential to act as an agent of social transformation promoting gender equality while maintaining the moral, spiritual, and traditional values distinctive to each tradition. These findings contribute significantly to academic literature, interfaith dialogue, and the development of more gender-inclusive policies.

This article examines the role of axiology as a value dimension in the philosophy of science, which serves to guide science so that it not only produces knowledge but also provides benefits that align with humanitarian, ethical, and sustainable values. This research uses a library study method by reviewing various literature discussing the concept of axiology. The results of the study indicate that science cannot be viewed as a value-free activity, because every stage of the scientific process, from problem selection and method development to data interpretation and application of research results, is constantly influenced by social norms, moral considerations, and certain values. Therefore, axiology plays a crucial role in ensuring that scientific progress prioritizes human welfare and does not have destructive impacts. Furthermore, critical thinking skills are an important element in the application of axiology, as they enable humans to assess and consider the benefits and consequences of science more deeply. This study also emphasizes that scientists have a moral responsibility both internally, such as maintaining academic integrity and scientific objectivity, and externally, namely ensuring that research results are utilized for the common good. Thus, this article highlights the importance of integration between science, ethics, and values ​​as a foundation for developing knowledge that is not only scientifically correct, but also morally good and beneficial for the sustainability of life.

Employment agreements are essential legal instruments that regulate the rights and obligations of workers and employers in industrial relations, aiming to ensure legal certainty and balance. In practice, however, the implementation of employment contracts often faces challenges such as differing interpretations, unequal bargaining positions, and inconsistent application of labor regulations. These issues require an effective and constructive dispute resolution mechanism that can address contractual problems while preserving employment relationships. In the Indonesian labor law system, mediation is recognized as a key non-litigation mechanism facilitated by government-appointed mediators to help parties reach mutually acceptable solutions. This study examines the mediation mechanism for resolving employment agreement disputes in Indonesia and analyzes its role as an alternative to court proceedings that emphasizes deliberation, efficiency, and cooperation. Using a normative legal research method with statutory and conceptual approaches, the study analyzes relevant labor laws, mediation regulations, and legal doctrines through a comprehensive literature review. The findings show that mediation is conducted through structured stages, including dispute registration with labor authorities, mediator appointment, facilitated negotiations, and the formulation of agreements or written recommendations. Mediation effectively promotes consensual solutions, reduces procedural complexity, and encourages cooperative communication. It also supports the preservation of harmonious and sustainable employment relationships by prioritizing consensus over adversarial processes. Strengthening mediator competence and improving legal awareness among workers and employers are therefore crucial to optimizing the effectiveness of mediation in resolving employment agreement disputes in Indonesia.

The pluralistic development of Indonesian national law creates a dynamic relationship between national civil law and customary law, including in the context of resolving inheritance disputes in Chinese families who adhere to patrilineal traditions. Supreme Court Decision No. 1204 K/Pdt/2024 shows that there is a tension between legal certainty under the Civil Code and substantive justice originating from living law. This research aims to analyze the judge's interpretation of family documents as a basis for inheritance rejection, inheritance sharing mechanisms that ignore Chinese customary norms, and their implications for legal pluralism in Indonesia. The method used is normative juridical with a case study approach and a descriptive-analytical legislative approach, using literature studies of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results showed that the ruling applied neither the Civil Code nor the principle of Chinese customary inheritance consistently. The family declaration on which the judge relied was not actually a refusal of inheritance, but an internal agreement granting authority to the testator. Moreover, the distribution of inheritance carried out is not in accordance with the principle of patrilineal custom which places the eldest son as the recipient of the largest share. This finding shows the weak application of legal pluralism (weak legal pluralism) and reveals the gap between das sollen and das sein, so it is necessary to strengthen the role of judges in exploring the traditional values that live in society.

This study aims to explore students' experiences, reflections, and perceptions of innovative learning in drama studies through digital performance. This qualitative descriptive research utilized a case study approach with 36 students enrolled in the Drama Studies course (2025/2026) within the Indonesian Language and Literature Education program at Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang. Primary data consisted of students' written reflections and digital performance artifacts, supported by secondary data from literature on constructivism, dual coding/multisensory theory, and emotional intelligence, as well as curriculum documents. Data collection involved documentation, participatory observation, and semi-structured interviews. Data analysis employed thematic analysis through systematic steps including reading, coding, categorization, interpretation, and presentation. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation, member checking, and peer debriefing. The findings indicate that digital performance provides positive learning experiences, strengthens the integration of theory and practice, fosters problem-solving skills, and develops collaboration, empathy, and students' emotional intelligence. These results affirm that digital performance-based drama learning is a pedagogical innovation relevant to 21st-century competencies and can serve as a model for project-based curriculum development in literature education.

The concept of the Day of the LORD in the prophetic tradition of the Old Testament is often narrowly understood as a day of victory and salvation for Israel. However, the book of Amos offers a sharp critique of such an interpretation. This study aims to examine the eschatological meaning of the Day of the LORD in Amos 5:18–24 as a moment of judgment and restoration. This research employs a qualitative method with a biblical hermeneutical approach, particularly historical-contextual and theological analysis of Amos 5:18–24. The findings indicate that the Day of the LORD is portrayed as a divine event that brings judgment against social injustice, religious hypocrisy, and ethical deviation among the people of Israel. At the same time, the text opens the possibility of restoration through the demand for justice and righteousness as expressions of true worship. Therefore, Amos’s eschatology is not speculative about the future but functions as a prophetic critique that calls for repentance and social transformation. This study affirms that the Day of the LORD remains contextually relevant for the contemporary church in integrating faith, worship, and social justice as an inseparable unity.

Hypertension is a major global health risk that requires accurate early detection, yet conventional methods struggle with complex and imbalanced health datasets. This study aims to optimize hypertension prediction using a Logistic Regression model integrated with Borderline-SMOTE to enhance recall and provide model transparency through SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanations). The method utilizes the BRFSS dataset, applying Borderline-SMOTE to address class imbalance at the decision boundary and XAI techniques for global and local interpretation. The findings show that the model achieved an accuracy of 0.719, an AUC of 0.800, and a significantly improved recall of 0.756. SHAP analysis identified age, high cholesterol, and BMI as the most influential risk factors, while waterfall plots successfully clarified individual risk extremes, ranging from 1.72% to 99.43% probability. These results imply that the proposed approach provides a sensitive and transparent screening tool for public health practitioners, effectively balancing statistical efficiency with clinical accountability.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides rich anatomical contrast for brain tumor assessment, yet routine interpretation remains time-intensive and demands high precision. This work develops a pipeline for four-class brain MRI image classification (glioma, meningioma, pituitary tumor, and no tumor) by combining automated brain-region cropping, data augmentation, and transfer learning with EfficientNetB1. Experimental results demonstrate exceptional performance, achieving an overall accuracy of 0.99 (99%) on the test set. Specifically, the model reached an F1-score of 1.00 for the no tumor class, 0.99 for pituitary, and 0.98 for both glioma and meningioma classes. Beyond reporting numerical performance, the study utilizes Grad-CAM heatmaps to verify that predictions rely on clinically plausible regions rather than spurious background cues. These results indicate that an efficiency-oriented backbone, paired with systematic preprocessing, can achieve reliable and interpretable performance for brain tumor classification tasks.

This study examines Japanese advertising and product-information texts on Shiseido Japan’s official website (www.brand.shiseido.co.jp) that grammatically prevent readers from construing statements as universal claims (“always” or “true for everyone”). It addresses two problems: how universal readings are blocked through grammatical construction in this register, and how the main blocking mechanisms differ in limiting generalisation and managing scope. The data consist of sentence-level usage, precautionary, and quality-related statements that plausibly invite broad general interpretations. Seven analytically representative tokens are used as illustrative evidence, covering wake-negation, baai-based case framing, and event/occasion packaging with V-ru koto ga aru, including rare-event calibration with mare ni and layered conditional framing. The study employs qualitative, theory-driven grammatical analysis focusing on clause structure, embedding, nominalisation, connective relations, and the compositional contribution of key markers. The results identify recurring templates with distinct structural signatures. Wake-negation blocks over-strong uptake by denying a candidate inference (…to iu wake de wa arimasen). Case framing with baai shifts categorical commitments into situation-restricted possibility (…baai ga arimasu), including complex variants that add causal linkage, avoidance marking, and directive closure. Event/occasion packaging with koto plus existential predication (…koto ga arimasu) presents anomalies as contingent occurrences, and it can be triggered by causal conditions (e.g., temperature change) or conditional frames (…to). Rare-event marking with mare ni further calibrates frequency and often co-occurs with contrastive reassurance about quality. Overall, universal-blocking emerges as a set of non-redundant grammatical routes that constrain inference, situational domain, and event profiling in a compact public informational genre.

Islamic entrepreneurship education integrates ethical, moral, and spiritual values with practical business practices. This study examines the perspective of the Prophet Muhammad’s hadith on entrepreneurship, emphasizing principles such as honesty, independence, creativity, risk-taking, and social responsibility. Using a qualitative approach, primary hadith sources and scholarly interpretations are analyzed to identify both values and practical implementations of entrepreneurship education in Islam. Findings reveal that the Prophet emphasized self-reliance, productive work, and ethical business conduct, providing practical guidance such as utilizing available resources, step-by-step mentoring, and progressive skill development. Additionally, Islamic entrepreneurship education prioritizes character formation, integrity, and social contribution alongside economic gain. Practical examples from hadith illustrate methods for instilling entrepreneurial values, including prohibitions against unethical transactions, encouragement to work with one’s own hands, and support for independent income generation. The study shows that integrating moral guidance from hadith with business training produces competent, responsible, and ethically grounded entrepreneurs. This framework offers a comprehensive model for modern entrepreneurship education, balancing profitability, ethical conduct, and societal welfare. The research contributes to understanding how Islamic values can form the foundation of sustainable and morally conscious business practices, providing educators and practitioners with actionable insights for cultivating entrepreneurship aligned with Islamic teachings.

This study analyzes the implications of the slogan “returning to the Qur’an,” which is frequently understood as a call to rely directly on the Qur’an in addressing religious and social issues while neglecting essential exegetical disciplines such as tafsir, asbāb al-nuzūl, and other authoritative scholarly frameworks. The discussion is reinforced by the findings of Husnul Maab, a postgraduate student at the Institut Ilmu Al-Qur’an (IIQ), whose thesis on the textuality of Qur’anic interpretation and its relationship to religious diversity in Indonesia highlights the serious problems inherent in literalist approaches, particularly in the interpretation of verses related to jihad and politics. This research employs a qualitative library research method, using relevant literature as the primary source of data and analysis, requiring in-depth understanding and critical engagement with the subject matter. The findings indicate that the slogan “returning to the Qur’an” can function as a form of interpretive distortion when it is not accompanied by adequate scholarly competence. Attempts to deepen Qur’anic understanding without integrating the bayānī (textual), burhānī (rational), and ‘irfānī (ethical–spiritual) approaches tend to result in rigid and reductionist interpretations. Such purely textual readings represent an extreme position that may lead to harmful consequences, including the tendency to label others as unbelievers, sinners, or wrongdoers solely due to interpretive differences. Ultimately, religious understanding shaped by reactive and exclusionary interpretations poses a significant threat to religious pluralism and social harmony in Indonesia.

In social life, buying and selling are fundamental mechanisms for transferring rights, beginning with an agreement. According to Articles 1313 and 1338 of the Indonesian Civil Code, agreements are legally binding acts with the force of law for the parties involved. One high-value transaction is the sale and purchase of apartment units, which involves developers as sellers. In practice, developers often fail to deliver units within the agreed timeframe. This study examines (1) the developer’s responsibility toward buyers when units are not delivered and (2) the legal protection available for buyers under such circumstances. The research applies Hans Kelsen’s Theory of Responsibility and Satjipto Rahardjo’s Theory of Legal Protection, using a normative juridical method based on library research. Primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials were analyzed through statutory, conceptual, analytical, and case approaches, employing grammatical and systematic interpretation, legal analogy, and legal refinement. Findings reveal that developers are primarily responsible for delivering fully paid units. Failure to fulfill this obligation, due to breach of contract or negligence, triggers legal liability in the form of performance or compensation. Legal protection for buyers ensures their rights are safeguarded, and even in cases of developer negligence or bankruptcy, consumers are legally entitled to receive the apartment units they have purchased.

The phenomenon occurring in society regarding deeds of sale and purchase drawn up by land deed officials that contain material defects is certainly contrary to what is stipulated by law. Thus, the research questions are: What are the legal consequences of a material defect in a Deed of Sale and Purchase drawn up by a Land Deed Official? and How does a material defect in a Deed of Sale and Purchase drawn up by a Land Deed Official arise? In this study, the researcher uses Otto Jan Michael's theory of legal certainty and R. Soeroso's theory of legal consequences. The research method used in this study is normative juridical research janis, namely legal research with literature studies. The research approaches used are legislation, conceptual approach, analytical approach and case approach. The technique of collecting legal materials is by identifying and inventorying positive legal rules. Literature, journals and other sources of legal materials. For the analysis technique of legal materials, it is carried out by grammatical interpretation, systematic interpretation, analogy construction and legal refinement construction. The results of this study found the conclusion that the legal consequences of the sale and purchase deed being carried out unilaterally made before PPAT caused the sale and purchase deed to not have legal certainty. Although the sale and purchase deed was made formally by and before PPAT, the legal action contained a material defect, and was canceled by the court, there was also a legal relationship between the legal subjects, the cancellation showed legal certainty, but gave birth to a lawsuit due to unlawful acts, and the legal certainty of the sale and purchase deed made by PPAT contained material defects making PPAT not have binding legal force which resulted in unilateral The sale of land must be done by mutual agreement or known to both parties, in addition to having no legal force, the deed is canceled by the court. Thus, the cancellation of the sale and purchase deed contains a material defect in the court, providing legal certainty for matters that are not in accordance with the applicable provisions of the law.

This study seeks to examine how the element of state financial loss is applied in corruption cases that originate from private-law relationships, specifically in the context of Micro People’s Business Credit (KUR) financing using the Yarnen Porang scheme, as reflected in Decision Number 41/Pid.Sus.TPK/PN.MTR. The central issue addressed is the manner in which the panel of judges construed and affirmed the existence of a state financial loss that, in substance, arose from a civil act, namely the performance of a financing cooperation agreement between a banking institution and an offtaker. By employing a normative juridical approach and conducting an in-depth analysis of the judicial decision, this research concludes that the alleged state financial loss in the a quo case remains merely prospective in nature and does not satisfy the requirement of an actual and definite loss as mandated by positive law. Furthermore, evidence demonstrating that the financing funds were enjoyed by a third party rather than by the accused indicates a misapplication in attributing criminal liability. Consequently, the criminal prosecution of conduct that is essentially civil in character reflects an expansive interpretation of the state loss element, which is inconsistent with the principle of legality and the doctrine of prudence in the enforcement of corruption laws.

This study aims to explore the philosophy of Islamic education grounded in tolerance by revisiting the influential ideas of Gus Dur and assessing their significance for the younger generation in contemporary society. Adopting a qualitative descriptive approach through document analysis, in-depth interviews, and thematic interpretation, the research highlights that values such as tolerance, humanism, intellectual freedom, and respect for diversity are essential foundations for shaping modern Islamic education. The findings indicate that incorporating these principles into educational curricula not only enriches the learning experience but also strengthens inclusive and participatory teaching practices, fostering an environment that encourages open dialogue, mutual understanding, and moderation. Furthermore, the study emphasizes that systematic integration of Gus Dur’s educational philosophy can contribute to the development of students’ critical thinking, ethical awareness, and social responsibility, ensuring that Islamic education remains relevant and responsive to contemporary societal challenges. Overall, the research concludes that implementing these values consistently is crucial for advancing a modern, tolerant, and pluralistic approach to Islamic education that benefits both individuals and society as a whole.