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Creative writing plays an important role in developing students’ imagination, self- expression, and language competence in the digital era. However, many learners still struggle with generating ideas, maintaining motivation, and gaining confidence in writing. This study aims to analyze how the use of Wattpad, viewed through the Social Constructivist framework, can enhance students’ creative writing skills, motivation, and confidence. This research applies a qualitative descriptive approach supported by survey data from 30 high school students who actively use Wattpad. The results show that 95.7% of respondents have used Wattpad before, with most of them using it to read and learn from other writers. A total of 60.9% of respondents stated that reading other writers’ works was the most helpful for improving their writing, while 17.4% highlighted peer comments and feedback as additional support. Despite its benefits, 43.5% of students mentioned difficulty in organizing ideas as their main challenge. Open-ended responses revealed that positive feedback and community interaction on Wattpad helped increase students’ motivation and confidence in writing. The discussion emphasizes that the social interaction and feedback features of Wattpad foster collaborative learning, aligning with Vygotsky’s concepts of scaffolding and the Zone of Proximal Development. These findings suggest that integrating Wattpad into writing instruction can effectively enhance students’ creativity, critical thinking, and confidence in producing literary works.

Traditional arts in Indonesia face a growing threat not from physical displacement, but from algorithmic distortion. This study examines how social media algorithms shape and distort public perception of Indonesian traditional arts — specifically jaranan and barongan — through the lens of Van Dijck's (2013) popularity principle: the principle that content distribution is determined by interaction volume rather than cultural value. Employing qualitative thematic content analysis, this study analyzes comments on five viral social media videos sourced from YouTube and TikTok, each depicting riots or tension at traditional art performances. Findings demonstrate that the popularity principle operates consistently and cumulatively across all five samples: algorithmically provocative titles, emotional polarization in comment sections, and micro-behavioral signals such as watch duration and replay collectively function as interaction signals that drive the platform to distribute riot content far more widely than culturally substantive footage. The consequences extend beyond perception: event organizers suffer long-term reputational and economic damage, while collective stereotypes — associating jaranan with violence and disorder — become sufficiently entrenched to surface spontaneously in unrelated contexts. A comparative analysis of a Kangen Band concert video reveals that these stereotypes have already achieved the status of cultural reference points. This study argues that strategic resistance is possible: the same algorithmic logic that amplifies negative content can be deployed to circulate culturally rich content, provided that artists, communities, and government commit to producing content designed to generate high-quality interaction. The challenge is to transform social media from a distorting mirror into an instrument of cultural preservation.

The development of digital technology has encouraged the government to utilize social media as an effective means of public communication. The Ministry of Agriculture is one institution that actively uses Instagram to convey information, build a positive image, and interact with the public. This study aims to determine the Public Relations strategy in managing the Instagram social media account @kementerianpertanian. This study uses the Public Relations strategy theory from Cutlip and Center, which consists of four stages: problem identification, planning and programming, communication and action, and evaluation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and documentation of the Ministry of Agriculture's Public Relations team. The results show that the Ministry of Agriculture's Public Relations has implemented a planned communication strategy, starting from planning informative and educational content, utilizing Instagram features such as reels, stories, and live to increase interaction, to routine evaluation based on engagement data (likes, shares, comments, and saves). This strategy also adapts to social media trends and audience needs. Public Relations actively responds to user questions and comments to maintain two-way communication. However, challenges such as negative comments, limited resources, and changes in the Instagram algorithm are obstacles that still need to be overcome. Overall, the implemented strategy has successfully supported the improvement of the image and transparency of public information within the Ministry of Agriculture.

Paid online matchmaking services that have developed through Facebook use consumer profiles to promote and find partners. This practice raises legal issues, particularly those related to consumer protection and the risk of digital harassment—also known as cyberbullying—in the form of derogatory, discriminatory, or offensive comments about consumers' personal standards that are displayed publicly. The purpose of this study is to assess the legal liability of business actors for cyberbullying when operating online matchmaking services and to assess the extent to which legal protection tools are available to consumers. This study uses a normative legal approach, utilizing case studies of legislation and conceptual studies on the practice of paid matchmaking services on social media. The results of the study show that businesses are required to guarantee the safety, comfort, and protection of consumer rights in all digital-based commercial activities, including managing content and interacting with people on social media. Non-material losses, such as psychological pressure and abuse of consumer dignity, are caused by a lack of supervision and a lack of moderate comment mechanisms. Therefore, regulations on personal data protection must be strengthened, content moderation responsibilities must be determined, and legal accountability mechanisms for business actors in the digital ta'aruf business must be made clear.

The development of social media platforms like TikTok has created new spaces for digital economic activities, including the practive of thrifting, which has now become a trend among the public. However, government policies that block these activities have sparked various public reactions. This study aims to analyze public sentiment regarding the issue of thrifting bans on the TikTok platform using the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) method. This method was chosen because it can understand text context from both directions, allowing it to capture deeper semantic meaning. The dataset consist of 4,000 TikTok user comments collected through a crawling process. The research stages include data preprocessing, sentiment labeling, splitting training and test data, training the Bi-LSTM model, and evaluating performance using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The research results show that the Bi-LSTM model achieved an accuracy of 86.15%, with stable classification performance and minimal error rate. These findings indicate that Bi-LSTM is effective for sentiment analysis of public opinions on Indonesian language social media, particularly on context specific policy issues. Further development can be carried out by adding pre-trained embeddings or attention mechanisms to improve the model’s performance.

This study examines the phenomenon of code-mixing among Generation Z in Banjarmasin, particularly in The comments section of TikTok content, which has become a primary digital expression space for young People. The aim of this study was to identify the forms, patterns, and social and cultural factors underlying This linguistic practice. Using descriptive qualitative methods with listening and note-taking techniques, Information was collected from comments on two TikTok posts on the accounts @BudRab and @Fazarbungaz. The findings indicate that the code-mixing that occurred was dominated by the insertion Of Banjarese elements into Indonesian (Banjar-Indonesian code-mixing), as well as a mixture of Banjarese, Indonesian, and English (Outer Code-mixing and Mixed Code-mixing). The forms of code-mixing found Included the insertion of Banjarese words, phrases, and lexical items such as kd (kada), makai, and mun. An analysis of the functions of code-mixing shows that this practice has a dual role: referential (for specific Local contexts), directive (to guide conversations), emotive/expressive (to indicate emotional closeness, for Example, longitude), and most importantly, as a marker of digital identity and cultural solidarity among Banjar speakers in the digital realm. This phenomenon confirms that social media serves as a new, flexible and essential space for the Banjar language to survive and negotiate with global and national languages. This study contributes to sociolinguistics by mapping the dynamics of language evolution among Gen Z in A digital context, highlighting the creative and social aspects of code-mixing.

Sexual violence remains a pervasive human rights violation globally, with nearly one in three women experiencing physical or sexual abuse in their lifetime (UN Women, 2024). In Indonesia, the National Commmision on Violence against Women (Komnas Perempuan) reported 330,097 cases in 2024, of which 26,9% were sexual violence. Despite Law No. 12 of 2022 on the Crime of Sexual Violence (UU TPKS), gaps persist between legal enforcement and public awareness, emphasizing the need for effective advocacy. This study investigates the rol of digital media in human rights advocacy by analyzing KemenPPPA’s Instagram Reels campaign titled “Three Years Since the Enactment of the Sexual Violence Law.” Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through digital observation and documentation of the video, captions, and public comments. Framing Analysis (Entman, 1993) identified problem definitations, moral evaluations, and proposed solutions, while Normative Content Discourse Interpretation (NCDI) interpreted content based on national law and international human rights standards, particularly CEDAW. Findings show that the campaign communicates key human rights values, including victim protection, gender equality, and justice. The study highlights the potential of digital media as both an educational tool and platform for social participation, stressing participatory legal communication to complement formal law enforcement and advance women’s rights in Indonesia.

The rise of social media has made TikTok one of the platforms where public discussions quickly develop, especially when dealing with issues involving public figures. Cases of infidelity often receive strong reactions, and many users express their emotions through comments that spread widely and shape public conversation. This study aims to examine the emotional expressions of netizens in responding to an infidelity case involving a public figure on TikTok, particulary on the account @nyatamedia. A descritive qualitative approach was applied, using documentation and content analysis to identify the forms and meanings of netizen comments contain a range of emotions such as anger, dissapointment, disgust, empathy, sadness, fear, sarcasm, and social criticism. Anger and dissapointment show rejaction of the infidelity, while empathy and sadness reflect concern for the affected party. The comments contain personal views and criticism related to social conditions, especially those connected to public perceptions of marriage. Based on these findings, social media appears to serve as a space where people express their feelings and opinions about events that attract public attention.

Social media has become a tool used by everyone. It has become a widely used tool for sharing information and as a promotional platform. In today's digital era, many MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) promote their products using social media, eliminating the need to rely entirely on conventional strategies such as direct sales in markets or stores. Marketing utilizes digital technology to achieve goals through active and measurable communication. Marketing strategies using social media are crucial because they can reach a wide range of buyers without time or geographic limitations. Sellers and buyers can interact with each other through messages, comments, and reviews. This research aimed to gain a deeper understanding of how social media influences the marketing strategies implemented by MSMEs through interviews. The results of this study concluded that social media significantly influences MSME marketing strategies and builds relationships with customers. MSMEs are expected to develop better promotional strategies in the future and learn to adapt to competition in the digital era. As a suggestion, MSMEs are advised to integrate interactive content such as live streaming and influencer collaborations to strengthen consumer engagement, as well as allocate a minimum budget of 10-15% of revenue for digital marketing training.

This study aims to analyze the role of the Instagram account @sits_dishubsurabaya as a traffic information medium in the city of Surabaya. The background of this study is based on the increasing use of Instagram social media as a means of public communication by government agencies, which enables the rapid, efficient, and easy dissemination of information to the public. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation and documentation of the account's uploaded content. The results show that the @sits_dishubsurabaya account plays an important role in disseminating traffic information, including traffic condition updates, driving safety appeals, and public service announcements. The presentation of content that is visually and substantively informative encourages public engagement through likes, comments, and sharing of posts. These findings show that the effectiveness of social media does not solely depend on the frequency of posts, but on the clarity of the message, the relevance of the information, and interaction with the public. The @sits_dishubsurabaya account plays an important role in supporting the dissemination of public information in the city of Surabaya.

This study delves into the linguistic and ideological dimensions of cyberbullying discourse directed at TikTok creator Putri Padang within the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). In Indonesia’s digital landscape, TikTok has become one of the prominent platform for self-expression and cultural performance, yet it also serves as a site for public shaming and moral policing. Drawing on Fairclough’s (1995) three-dimensional model, this qualitative research analyzes fifty hate comments collected from several TikTok videos featuring Putri Padang to uncover how language reproduces power relations and cultural ideologies. The findings reveal that hate comments are not random acts of aggression but structured discursive practices characterized by repetition, labeling, and moral judgment. Linguistic strategies such as mockery, objectification, and intertextual humor—exemplified by terms like “muka kotak” and “Adudu”—function as mechanisms of symbolic domination, reinforcing gendered and regional hierarchies. Moreover, the comments often invoke patriarchal values and cultural authenticity to moral criticism, positioning the target as a violator of feminine and cultural norms. The research contributes to cyber-discourse studies by extending into multimodal contexts and emphasizing the need for culturally grounded approaches to online gender-based violence.

This research explores how people use assertive speech acts in the comment section of a YouTube video titled “Democratic Candidates Debate: Education,” which was uploaded by ABC News. A qualitative method with content analysis is employed to examine how users share their thoughts, express agreement or disagreement, and participate in online discussions through assertive language. The data were collected from selected comments posted between 2019 and 2020, particularly those reacting to the candidates’ views on education. The analysis applies Searle’s speech act theory, focusing on seven types of assertive speech acts: claiming, stating, reporting, describing, informing, complaining, and concluding. A total of 24 assertive utterances were identified, with the following distribution: claiming (11), reporting (3), complaining (4), stating (2), informing (2), describing (1), and concluding (1). Among these, "claiming" appeared most frequently, indicating that many users shared strong opinions or support, especially for Andrew Yang’s stance on education. Overall, the findings suggest that YouTube serves not only as a platform for viewing content but also as a space where people actively engage in discussions, express their beliefs, and respond to public issues through language.  

This research is inspired by the extraordinary success of the domestic animated film titled Jumbo, which managed to set a new record and trigger a wave of overwhelmingly positive sentiment responses on the Instagram social media platform. Its main focus is to provide a deep qualitative interpretation of audience sentiment data that was previously collected and quantitatively evaluated by Prasetia (2025) from 764 original comments, which were then filtered down to 221 samples. The approach applied involves secondary data analysis by reviewing the frequency of Prasetia's data through the lens of social identity theory and collective efficacy theory. The results of the analysis reveal that the prevalence of positive sentiment at 68.7% does not merely reflect a simple evaluation of the film but also serves as a fundamental expression of shared pride and in-group preference. Expressions of support that emphasize appreciation for the achievement and national pride over the work of local creators act as a tool for strengthening social bonds, reinforcing the national identity linked to achievements in the film sector while also demonstrating the audience's collective belief in the potential of the domestic animation industry (mastery experience). Practically, the recommendation for local film promotion strategies is to highlight narratives about shared accomplishment and national pride to build audience loyalty and continuous interaction in the digital environment.

This study aims to develop a social media-based learning platform, specifically an Instagram account (@AIK_Muh5), for Islamic Religious Education (AIK) at Muhammadiyah Junior High School, using the first two stages of the ADDIE model (Analysis and Design). The study is based on theoretical frameworks such as social media-based learning, the challenges of AIK in the 21st century, and educational theories like constructivism and connectivism. The platform is designed to offer interactive and engaging learning through visual content like infographics, educational videos, and Instagram’s interactive features (polls, stories, comments, and live sessions). This approach aims to enhance students' digital literacy, provide relevant content, and strengthen Islamic character. While the platform has potential, it faces limitations, including a lack of empirical data to measure its effectiveness, the risk of oversimplifying complex AIK material, and an unclear evaluation system. Additionally, access issues and age restrictions hinder its use. The study suggests continuous development, integration with face-to-face learning, and inclusive strategies to ensure equitable access for all students, positioning this platform as a model for AIK learning in the digital age.

The rapid development of technology encourages the change in crime patterns from conventional to digital through the use of electronic devices. This phenomenon makes many individuals and groups use technology not only for positive purposes, but also to gain financial gain illegally. Instagram as one of the most popular social media applications has also become a space for digital crime practices, especially through the creation of fake accounts. Fake accounts are used for various harmful acts such as online fraud, the spread of fake news, the use of identities or photos without permission, acts of bullying and negative comments that trigger conflicts, to the spread of pornographic content. This research aims to identify the forms of fake account practices on Instagram, analyze the causative factors, and evaluate the application of applicable laws, especially Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. The research method used is empirical legal research with a qualitative approach. The data was collected through interviews with investigators from the Directorate of Criminal Investigation of the Metro Jaya Police, academics, and civil society organizations (CSO). The results of the study show that the practice of fake accounts still often occurs due to low digital literacy, weak supervision from platforms, and not optimal law enforcement. Although Article 35 jo Article 51 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law has regulated the prohibition of data and identity manipulation, its implementation still faces a number of obstacles from aspects of legal substance, enforcement structure, and community legal culture. This study recommends the need for collaboration between the government and social media platforms in limiting the creation of fake accounts, improving people's digital literacy, and reformulating legal rules that are clearer and more adaptive to the dynamics of digital crime. These efforts are needed so that the protection of social media users is optimal and able to create a safe digital space.

Village infrastructure development plays an important role in improving community welfare. However, public opinion regarding the condition of infrastructure is often not analyzed comprehensively and based on data. This study aims to analyze public opinions toward infrastructure in Malitidari Village using the Unsupervised Learning method with the Orange application. The data were collected from public comments on social media and digital surveys, which were then processed in text format. The analysis process includes data preprocessing, tokenization, vectorization, and the application of a clustering algorithm to group opinions into several categories without prior labeling. The Orange application was used due to its ability to visualize data analysis workflows interactively and efficiently. The results of this study show that public opinions can be grouped into several main clusters: positive opinions related to the development of roads and public facilities, and negative opinions concerning delays and unequal quality of infrastructure. Based on these findings, the Unsupervised Learning method is proven effective in illustrating public perceptions of village infrastructure conditions. The results are expected to serve as a reference for the village government in planning and improving the quality of infrastructure development in Malitidari Village  

The implementation of the core tax administration sistem (Core Tax Administration Sistem or Coretax) in early 2025, which was expected to modernise tax services, instead sparked a wave of public criticism due to various fatal technical obstacles. The dysfunction of this sistem not only hampered administration but also gave rise to discourse on distrust of state budget management. This study aims to analyse in depth how the failure to implement Coretax has eroded public trust and damaged the fiscal social contract between taxpayers and the state. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a Critical Discourse Analysis perspective based on Norman Fairclough's model. Data was collected through netnography from public comments and interactions on social media, then analysed through three dimensions: text (micro), discourse practice (meso), and social practice (macro). The findings show that public discourse is not merely technical complaints, but a form of symbolic resistance. At the micro level, sistem dysfunction is interpreted as evidence of incompetence and alleged budget irregularities. At the meso level, the public mobilises collective memory related to past government project failures to validate their distrust. At the macro level, this signifies a violation of the principle of reciprocity, whereby the state is perceived as demanding tax compliance without providing adequate services, thereby triggering a crisis of legitimacy. The implications of this study emphasise that digital transformation of the public sector requires transparency and accountability; failure to respond to this crisis has the potential to significantly reduce voluntary tax compliance.

Bea Cukai has recently been in the public spotlight, especially regarding the supervision of goods from abroad. News and public responses regarding Bea Cukai's supervision create pros and cons, thus triggering a variety of responses from the public. This study aims to analyze the sentiment of Indonesian people towards the performance of Bea Cukai in monitoring goods from abroad by utilizing Twitter social media. In this research, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm is applied to classify public comments on Twitter into positive or negative sentiments. Through the crawling process carried out from June 1, 2023, to May 12, 2024, 9,051 entries of data were collected. The analysis results showed an accuracy of 93.87%, precision 94%, recall 93%, and F1-score 94%. These results show that the SVM method is effective in analyzing public sentiment, especially related to Bea Cukai's supervision.

This study explores the use of Leech's politeness maxims and the cost-benefit principle in LinkedIn comments about job postings, aiming to understand how job seekers maintain politeness when pursuing job opportunities in a professional digital environment. The research objects used were comments in 5 job postings. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the comments on the LinkedIn platform were analysis and classified based on the 6 maxims proposed by Leech: Tact Maxim, Generosity maxim, Approbation Maxim, Modesty Maxim, Agreement Maxim and Sympathy Maxim. The findings showed that out of a total of 31 data found, the Tact Maxim (32%) was the most common, followed by Approbation Maxim (16%), Generosity maxim (13%), Modesty Maxim (13%), Agreement Maxim (3,2%) and Sympathy Maxim (3,2%). Further cost-benefit analysis revealed that most of the comments showed a lack of politeness, focusing only on personal benefits without providing benefits to the interlocutor.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered a significant transformation of performing arts in Aceh, particularly through Taman Budaya Aceh, which shifted its stage activities into digital formats. This study aims to describe the processes of digital mediation, changes in production formats, audience engagement patterns, and the archival function of cultural performances through Taman Budaya Aceh’s official YouTube channel. Using a qualitative descriptive case study design, the research analyzed 12 performance videos produced and uploaded between 2020–2022 through visual and narrative analysis. The findings reveal three key aspects: first, the shift from offline to online production created a new aesthetic based on camera work and editing; second, audiences transformed into mediatized participants through comments, likes, and replays; third, digital platforms functioned as cultural repositories, expanding access and strengthening the preservation of performances. These findings highlight that digitalization of performing arts is not merely an emergency response, but an integral part of constructing a sustainable arts ecosystem in the digital disruption era.