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Low fiber consumption among university students increases the risk of chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, and diabetes. Many students prioritize convenient eating habits and are influenced by peer groups, often overlooking the importance of fiber intake in their daily diet. This educational program aims to enhance students' knowledge about the benefits of fiber consumption through interactive audio and visual media. The program applies the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory to design educational content in the form of videos and posters distributed via the social media platform Instagram. Involving 26 student respondents from various faculties at Halu Oleo University, the results showed a significant improvement in students' understanding of the health benefits of fiber, types of fiber-rich foods, and the role of fiber in preventing chronic diseases. Education through engaging media successfully increased students' motivation to improve their dietary habits by incorporating more fiber into their diets.

Myopia or nearsightedness is a visual impairment whose prevalence is increasing, especially among adolescents living in urban areas. This study aims to analyze the risk factors that contribute to the increasing incidence of myopia in adolescents in urban areas. The risk factors studied include near visual activity, exposure to natural light, duration of digital device use, reading habits, and genetic and environmental factors. This study design used a cross-sectional approach involving 300 adolescents aged 12-18 years who were randomly selected from several schools in city X. Data were collected through questionnaires that measured visual habits, daily activity patterns, and family health history, and were strengthened by eye refraction examinations by medical personnel. Data analysis was carried out using logistic regression to identify the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of myopia. The results showed that excessive near visual activity, use of digital devices for more than 4 hours per day, and lack of exposure to natural light were significant risk factors for myopia in adolescents. In addition, genetic factors also play an important role in the predisposition of myopia. These findings are expected to provide a deeper understanding of the factors causing myopia among adolescents and become the basis for formulating effective prevention strategies.

Seeing a frightening image or hearing a voice as a result of hallucinations often causes a person to be disturbed, which has an impact on the individual's ability in the work environment, relationships with partners, and fulfilling daily life needs. One intervention used for people with audio-visual hallucinations is music therapy. Music therapy is carried out by the nurse on duty in the room for ± 20 minutes with music requested by the client (which tends to be music that is liked). At the beginning and end of the study, an assessment of audio-visual hallucinations was carried out with the Washington Early Recognition Center Affectivity and Psychosis (WERCAP) Screen. Significant change from audio-visual hallucinations with initial WERCAP score 78 to 28 (score > 30: high risk of psychotic disorders). It is proven that Electronic Dance Music (EDM) and selawat will tend to get clients' attention. In effect, hallucinations: audio-visual, anxiety, non-aggressive behaviour, eating habits and indiscriminate defecation will eventually decrease over time. Further research is needed regarding the categories of music that people like, remembering that each person has their music preferences. This can strengthen the findings in this case report study or provide new contradictory evidence.

Beginning writing is a skill that is taught to students at the initial stage, namely in class I. This research is motivated by the difficulties faced by students in the Indonesian language subject of learning to start writing in class I. This research aims to describe the difficulties of learning to start writing and identify factors -factors causing difficulties in learning to write at the beginning of class I at UPTD SDN Banyuajuh 2. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The subjects of this research were 4 class I students with difficulty in beginning writing. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation. Based on research results, several writing difficulties experienced by class I students include: not being able to write their full name or nickname, not being able to write the letters of the alphabet correctly, not being able to copy words and not being able to write on the right lines. Then the factors that influence initial writing difficulties are internal factors including students' low fine motor skills, students' low visual abilities, study habits and low learning interest and motivation. Meanwhile, external factors for students include a lack of parental attention and guidance towards students.

The aim of this research is to find the problems of advanced writing skills of upper elementary school students, and provide solutions. The research method used is a literature review. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are two factors that cause students' difficulties in writing at a high level, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include students' weak motor skills, weak visual memory, low students' interest and motivation to learn, and finally students' study habits in class and at home. Meanwhile, external factors include lack of attention from parents towards students, an atmosphere at home that is less supportive, environmental conditions and finally the influence of social media. The lack of writing skills in elementary school students may also be caused by the less than optimal use of innovative learning methods. One way to optimize the writing learning process and increase students' writing motivation is to increase students' interest in writing through interesting learning models and learning media.

Hypermetropia is a refractive disorder that affects the eye's focus on close objects and can affect academic activities. This study involved 125 students from Ma Chung University Malang, aged 17–24 years, to determine the prevalence of hypermetropia and explore factors that affect their visual health. Data collection was carried out through visual acuity examination using the Snellen chart and questionnaires related to visual habits and duration of gadget use. The results showed that 3.2% of respondents had hypermetropia. Most students (96.8%) used gadgets for more than two hours per day, with 91.2% of them doing so in a lying position, which can increase the risk of eye strain. In addition, symptoms such as blurred vision (58.4%) and eye fatigue (38.4%) were frequently reported. Other risk factors, such as lack of outdoor activities, also contributed to the decline in eye health. Education about healthy visual habits, such as the application of the 20-20-20 rule and regular eye examinations, is essential to prevent worsening of the condition. The results of this study are expected to be a basis for universities in increasing student awareness of the importance of maintaining eye health in the digital era.

Hypermetropia is a refractive disorder that affects the eye's focus on close objects and can affect academic activities. This study involved 125 students from Ma Chung University Malang, aged 17–24 years, to determine the prevalence of hypermetropia and explore factors that affect their visual health. Data collection was carried out through visual acuity examination using the Snellen chart and questionnaires related to visual habits and duration of gadget use. The results showed that 3.2% of respondents had hypermetropia. Most students (96.8%) used gadgets for more than two hours per day, with 91.2% of them doing so in a lying position, which can increase the risk of eye strain. In addition, symptoms such as blurred vision (58.4%) and eye fatigue (38.4%) were frequently reported. Other risk factors, such as lack of outdoor activities, also contributed to the decline in eye health. Education about healthy visual habits, such as the application of the 20-20-20 rule and regular eye examinations, is essential to prevent worsening of the condition. The results of this study are expected to be a basis for universities in increasing student awareness of the importance of maintaining eye health in the digital era.

The prevalence of myopia is increasing, especially among students, along with the increasing use of gadgets. This study aims to measure the prevalence of myopia and identify the relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of myopia among students of Ma Chung University Malang in July 2023. This study design uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional method, involving 125 students aged 17–24 years who were selected using convenience sampling techniques. The research instruments were questionnaires and direct eye examinations. Data analysis used a simple linear regression test to see the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results showed that 96.8% of respondents used gadgets for more than 2 hours per day and 58.4% of them experienced symptoms of myopia. Factors such as visual habits and outdoor activities moderate the relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of myopia. This study confirms that unhealthy gadget usage habits increase the risk of myopia. Education is needed regarding good visual habits and increased activity.

The prevalence of myopia is increasing, especially among students, along with the increasing use of gadgets. This study aims to measure the prevalence of myopia and identify the relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of myopia among students of Ma Chung University Malang in July 2023. This study design uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional method, involving 125 students aged 17–24 years who were selected using convenience sampling techniques. The research instruments were questionnaires and direct eye examinations. Data analysis used a simple linear regression test to see the relationship between independent and dependent variables. The results showed that 96.8% of respondents used gadgets for more than 2 hours per day and 58.4% of them experienced symptoms of myopia. Factors such as visual habits and outdoor activities moderate the relationship between the duration of gadget use and the incidence of myopia. This study confirms that unhealthy gadget usage habits increase the risk of myopia. Education is needed regarding good visual habits and increased activity.