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Children with intellectual disabilities have below-average intellectual abilities that can affect their cognitive and memory skills. These children require special learning strategies tailored to their needs. This study aims to review the literature on the impact of using interactive media in teaching children with intellectual disabilities, focusing on their motivation and learning outcomes. The study employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method, analyzing various sources that discuss the effectiveness of interactive media, such as visual, audio, audiovisual, and interactive tools, in enhancing motivation and understanding among children with intellectual disabilities. The findings indicate that the use of interactive learning media can make learning more concrete, engaging, and enjoyable, effectively increasing students' motivation and interest in learning. The application of interactive media, such as pictures, animations, and teaching aids, is also effective in improving cognitive skills and short-term memory, enabling children to recognize letters, numbers, and early reading skills.

Students are required to memorize tashrif in the Shorof course, because tashrif is the main basis in understanding the structure of the Arabic language, especially in word formation and change. Mastery of tashrif helps students recognize the patterns of word changes from roots to derivatives, which is very important for understanding religious texts such as the Qur'an, Hadith, and classical books. In addition, this ability improves reading, writing and speaking skills in Arabic. By memorizing tashrif, students are also more confident in using Arabic actively, both in academic and practical contexts. Therefore, tashrif is an important part of Arabic language learning that not only facilitates text comprehension, but also builds language skills.This study aims to analyze the effect of the singing method on the ability to memorize tashrif in the Shorof course of class 5B students of class 2022. using quantitative approach research with data collection through questionnaires filled out by 28 students. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics to see the tendency of the influence of the singing method on memorizing tasrif. The use of this singing method is very helpful in improving students' memory in memorizing tasrif. In addition, students consider this method fun and motivate them to be more active in learning.

The learning of the Qur'an and Hadith plays an important role in shaping the character and morals of the younger generation, especially at the Elementary School level. The learning of the Qur'an and Hadith is expected to instill values of faith, diversity, as well as foster attitudes of tolerance and social concern among students. This study aims to describe the learning of Surah An-Nas using the drill method, the steps of its implementation, and its execution at SDN 1 Slaharwotan Ngimbang Lamongan. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving Islamic Education teachers and students as research subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that learning through the drill method is effective in improving students' ability to read and memorize the Qur'an, especially Surah An-Nas, with correct pronunciation (tartil) and fluency. The learning model is technology-based or a multimedia learning model, where teaching takes place using tools and media such as LCD projectors, active speakers, notebooks, and interactive learning CDs, demonstrating the application of technology to support the teaching and learning process, as well as increasing interactivity and effectiveness. The learning method uses repetition (drill), so it is hoped that the material being taught will be retained in students' memory. This study provides insights into the importance of teacher competence in developing teaching materials that suit the developmental needs of students, as well as the importance of adjusting teaching methods to the curriculum and the characteristics of children in Elementary Schools.

The Rotating Nadzam Paste Program is a learning innovation at the At-Taroqqi Karongan Sampang Islamic Boarding School which aims to make it easier for students to memorize the Maqsud, Imriti, and Alfiyah nadzams. In this program, the nadzams to be memorized are attached to various strategic places around the boarding school in rotation, so that students can easily access and repeat their memorization at any time. This method is designed to create a more interactive and contextual learning atmosphere, with the hope of improving students' memory and understanding of the nadzams being studied. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the rotating nadzam paste program in helping students memorize quickly and accurately, as well as to identify the obstacles and supporting factors that influence the success of this program. It is hoped that this program can provide solutions to the challenges of memorizing nadzams in Islamic boarding schools

The rapid development of technology has introduced various language learning resources, including podcasts, which offer authentic audio input but are often underutilized and lack structured application in EFL classrooms. Integrating gamification into podcasts represents a promising approach to enhance students’ engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of gamified podcasts on EFL students’ listening comprehension, learning motivation, and content retention. A quasi-experimental design was employed, involving university-level EFL students divided into an experimental group (gamified podcasts with interactive quizzes, leaderboards, and badges) and a control group (non-gamified podcasts). Pre-tests and post-tests assessed listening comprehension, motivation, and retention, with statistical comparisons conducted using t-tests and ANOVA. The results indicate that students exposed to gamified podcasts demonstrated significant improvements in listening comprehension, motivation, and retention compared to their peers in the control group. The interactive and competitive elements of gamification encouraged repeated engagement, active participation, and deeper cognitive processing of audio materials, which strengthened long-term memory and overall learning outcomes. These findings suggest that gamified podcast-based learning not only enriches traditional listening practices but also fosters a more engaging, motivating, and effective EFL learning environment. Consequently, integrating gamification into podcast instruction is recommended as an innovative strategy to support language acquisition and enhance students’ sustained involvement in learning activities.

This study aims to improve English vocabulary mastery among 8A grade students at MTs Terpadu Berkah through the implementation of the Pictionary game method. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, focusing on observation and assessment of students’ performance during learning activities. Pictionary, as an interactive learning method, utilizes visual images to help students understand and retain new vocabulary more effectively.  The research results show that using Pictionary in English vocabulary learning is effective in enhancing students' understanding and memory of new words. Students actively participated in learning activities, demonstrated high enthusiasm, and showed significant progress in using the vocabulary they learned. Additionally, this approach encourages student collaboration and fosters creativity during the learning process. In conclusion, the Pictionary game can be an effective alternative teaching method for improving vocabulary mastery and learning motivation among students. Implementing this method is expected to provide English teachers with a useful strategy for creating a more engaging and interactive learning environment in the classroom.

The increasing consumption of short-form video content, such as TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts, has raised concerns regarding its impact on cognitive functions, particularly short-term memory. This study aimed to examine the effect of short duration video exposure on short-term memory performance among students at Yayasan Irtiqo Kebajikan. An experimental method with a two-group design was employed, consisting of an experimental group that watched short duration videos for 180 seconds and a control group that received no video exposure prior to the memory test. The participants were 40 students selected through random sampling. Short-term memory was measured using the ME Test, a subtest of the Intelligenz Struktur Test (IST), which assesses the ability to recall a series of words. The results of statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05), with the experimental group demonstrating lower short-term memory scores. These findings suggest that exposure to short-form video content may negatively affect individuals ability to store and process information in short-term memory, highlighting the importance of managing digital media consumption among children and adolescents.

The Social Cognitive Theory proposed by Albert Bandura emphasizes that learning occurs largely through the process of observation. Teachers play an important role as models who provide direct examples so that students can understand and imitate a particular action or skill. This study aims to describe the implementation of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory through modeling strategies in Islamic Jurisprudence learning on the material "Ablution Procedures" in class IA MI Al Ikhlas. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the research subjects being Islamic Jurisprudence subject teachers for class I and 25 class IA students. The research objects include the application of Bandura's modeling theory in Islamic Jurisprudence learning and students' abilities in practicing ablution procedures. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the application of modeling strategies in Islamic Jurisprudence learning consists of three stages, namely: (1) the planning stage, where the teacher prepares a learning plan; (2) the implementation stage, which includes four core processes, namely attention (students pay attention to examples from the teacher), retention (students record information in memory), reproduction (students practice ablution procedures), and motivation (the teacher provides reinforcement in the form of praise or rewards); and (3) the evaluation stage, which is carried out through written, oral and practical tests. The application of this theory has proven effective in improving students' ability to practice ablution correctly.

In the learning process, learning media is needed so that the learning process is not monotonous and boring. Flash card media is one of the many media used in the Arabic language learning process, especially in learning mufradat. This research examines the utilization of flash card media in learning mufradat class VII Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'had Al-Zaytun in 2024. The focus of the problem of this research is how the utilization of flash card media and what is the impact of using flash card media on learning mufradat class VII Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'had Al-Zaytun. The purpose of this research is to find out the utilization of flash card media and the impact of using flash card media on learning mufradat class VII Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'had Al-Zaytun. This research used qualitative method. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with students and Arabic teachers of grade VII, documentation and questionnaires. The samples taken were class VII-A-07 which amounted to 28 students and VII-B-02 which amounted to 26 students. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. The results of this study showed that the use of flash card media in learning mufradat in class VII of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Ma'had Al-Zaytun in 2024 showed positive results. Flash card media as learning media is able to increase student motivation and interest, create a more relaxed and active learning atmosphere, improve understanding and memory, increase student focus, and overcome learning difficulties

Education is a conscious and planned pedagogical effort to develop students in various aspects of life. And teacher plays a significant role in the educational process to create a conducive classroom atmosphere which greatly affects student learning outcomes. Concentration is a key for students in learning, and in oder to improve students focus to study, it is necessary to use learning media of song or music. During the teaching practice at primary school of Sukajadi Haurgeulis, the researcher observed and recognized that the first-grade students were less conducive. They often run and played around and also had less attention to teacher. The students got involved more with their classmates. Therefore, the teacher is required to modify the learning process to foster better and enjoyful learning activities which lead to learning enthusiasm. The study aims to explore the use of song as learning media in the classroom and to find out whether the media can improve student concentration. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach through data collection of observation, interviews, and documentation to gather information and data. The study shows that the use of song learning media affects and increases student engagement. The song offers several benefits, such as students motivation enhancement, and the improvement of memory retention and learning focus. Songs are played in three different purposes involving the classroom introduction phase, student readiness check, and introduction of the alphabet lesson topic. The positive impacts resulted in the study are as follow better students’ attention during lessons, student concentration improvement, and simple comprehension of learning topic and many more dynamic learning creation.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current intonation in Music Education students at UNP, assess the impact of longtone exercises in improving intonation, and assess intonation differences before and after training. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research research. This research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. The data in this study used primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques are carried out by means of interviews, observations, and document analysis. The steps of analyzing data are data reduction, data model and drawing conclusions. The results showed that longtone training became the most important exercise in the process of forming pitch control (intonation) in playing the Saxophone. Longtone exercises build the strength of the lip muscles (muscle memory) because to get a good intonation, the lip muscles must be formed and have stable strength in order to get a good tone, because the Saxophone is a tool that is very sensitive to pitch changes. Researchers provide an understanding of the urgency and mastery of basic exercises in playing beginner Saxophone. Because before mastering higher techniques, of course, you must master basic techniques first, especially longtones, so that higher technique training does not experience problems because it already has a strong foundation. This research also provides an understanding that it is important for an instrument player to perform the stages in the process of musical instrument practice well and the importance of practicing basic techniques in learning the instrument.

This study aims to determine the implementation of Dance Arts learning activities as well as supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of Dance Arts learning activities by using the Kahoot Application to increase the learning motivation of Class XI MIPA students at SMA Negeri 4 Kerinci. This type of research is qualitative research with a descriptive method.  The research instrument is the researcher himself and is assisted by supporting instruments such as stationery and cameras. Data were collected through literature studies, observations, interviews and documentation. The steps to analyze data are data collection, data reduction, data display and data inference. The results of the study show that the use of Kahoot application media in Dance Arts learning is aimed at increasing students' learning motivation. There is an additional value so that this motivates students to learn so that they can play the Kahoot application well. In addition, this game can also help students to strengthen their memory of the material that has been delivered by the teacher. By using the Kahoot App, students can actively participate in answering questions. The Kahoot app motivates and activates student learning as it can test their knowledge, repeat important concepts, create class discussions and student-to-student interactions. The supporting factor for the use of Kahoot application media in learning Dance Arts is the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure such as Wi-Fi, lcd projectors, and so on. Then there is also the enthusiasm of students when playing games on the Kahoot application so that it gives a positive response and can facilitate the learning process. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor for the use of Kahoot application media in Dance Arts learning is a poor signal connection that causes learning to be hampered.    

Education in Indonesia is currently undergoing many changes. The education system, curriculum, learning tools, learning media, and resources have also undergone major improvements, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. The learning process can not only be carried out face-to-face, but can also be done boldly. The application of learning media is designed to support students' attention, affective, cognitive, and compensatory. The Quizziz application can be a means of conducting formative assessments, because teachers can measure students' understanding by taking quizzes at the end of learning. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with subjects of class 8E students of SMPN 2 Semarang. The data collection techniques used are observation and documentation. The data analysis techniques used by researchers include three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data conclusions. The results of this study show that the assessment format for class 8E students is on average above the KKM. The recapitulation results also show that the level of effectiveness of the questions used is by using multiple choice because in multiple choice questions students tend to get the best results, while in fill-in questions many students get less satisfactory results. The fill-in question model in the Quizziz application has several weaknesses, including if the teacher writes the answer key, the capitalization and punctuation must be correct. There is no tolerance for answers for students. Therefore, another option for teachers is to correct them manually. Another weakness in the Quizziz application with the multiple choice question model is that teachers cannot measure students' understanding in depth. Students tend to express their memory in answering.    

Concentration of learning in children is how children focus on doing or doing something until the job is done in a certain time. In some 6th grade children at Eben Haezer Family Elementary School have difficulty concentrating which causes a decrease in learning achievement due to the fact that children often play gadgets, experience low thinking levels such as memory disorders, and children have a history of illness since childhood so that teachers who also complain and are confused in improving and overcoming children who have difficulty concentrating when learning takes place. Brain gym is a collection of simple movements that aim to connect or unite the mind and body so that not only will facilitate the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain, but also movements that can stimulate the work and functioning of the brain optimally. This study was conducted to determine the effect of Brain Gym on the level of learning concentration in students at SDS Eben Haezer Family. This study is a quantitative research pre-Experimental approach one group pre-post test with a sample of 21 respondents with a total sampling technique. Analysis of the data in this study using the Wilcoxon test with the analysis test obtained the value of p value =0.000 (p<0.05) so that the conclusion of this study there is the influence of Brain Gym on the level of concentration of learning in students at SDS Eben Haezer Family.    

The purpose of this research is to find out how the teacher's strategy and find out how the teacher's obstacles in teaching students with reading and writing difficulties in class IV SDN Burneh 3. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with the research subjects of class IV teachers and 2 students with reading and writing difficulties. Data collection in this study used observation, interview and documentation techniques. The data analysis in this study used the data analysis steps of the Miles and Hubermen model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the teacher's strategy in teaching students with reading and writing difficulties is to use an expository learning strategy by utilizing learning media, learning resources, and learning methods that are different from other students, and using an individual approach, and providing special guidance to students with reading and writing difficulties. Teacher barriers in teaching students with reading and writing difficulties are: 1) Lack of support and cooperation from parents, 2) Lack of motivation from within the student, 3) Students' low memory.      

The influence of a color alphabet learning media to provide an understanding of memorizing an alphabet to improve the reading power of class 1 MI Miftahul Ulum students, where in this learning students are provided with a color alphabet teaching aid to make it easier for students to memorize the alphabet and improve their reading ability. In this study, the researcher formulated a problem whether color alphabet learning media would affect the reading ability of grade 1 students at MI Miftahul Ulum. In this research, the "qualitative" type is used, the researcher is the key, the data collection method is triangulation, and the data assessment is subjective, feeling tense, meaning that a "hypothesis" occurs. Based on the existing results, the level of reading memory ability of grade 1 students at MI Miftahul Ulum The use of color alphabet series media is relatively low, namely 40%. Furthermore, after applying the color alphabet series media, the reading memory ability of MI Miftahul Ulum class 1 students increased, reaching 80%, then looking at the existing results, the level of reading memory ability of MI Miftahul Ulum class 1 students after applying the alphabet series media color is high.

This thesis aims to: 1) Find out the concept of Islamic religious education teachers in learning ablution procedures for students at the special school for the deaf, Don Bosco Wonosobo, 2) Find out what the role of Islamic religious education teachers is in learning ablution procedures for students at the special school for the deaf, Don Bosco Wonosobo. , 3) knowing how to carry out learning ablution procedures for students at the Don Bosco Wonosobo special school for the deaf.This thesis uses a qualitative research approach where the type of research is field research presented with descriptive data. The subjects in this research were Islamic religious education teachers at the Don Boso special school, the principal of the Don Bosco special school and also students at the Don Bosco special school. Technique data collection uses observation methods, semi-structured interviews and also documentation. Data sources were obtained from field research and also qualitative research. The analysis technique used is a data analysis technique, namely the analysis of data that has been collected by researchers through methodological tools. Where data is obtained using a data analysis process in the form of data reduction, data presentation and also conclusions or verification. To test the validity of the data, extended observations, persistence of observations, and triangulation were carried out. The research results show that the concept of Islamic religious education teachers at the Don Bosco special school regarding learning ablution procedures is to emphasize the repetition method where students with hearing impairments have quite short memories which requires teachers to take steps by having students perform ablution practices one by one. The role of the Islamic religious education teacher at the Don Bosco special school is the main factor in students' success in carrying out daily worship, for example introducing ablution material from the pre-primary class. Then, with the implementation of learning about ablution procedures carried out by Don Bosco special school students using the repetition method as well as practice carried out in each learning activity with the aim of increasing students' memory regarding the steps for ablution and also the number of washings in each movement. By practicing ablution one by one, the teacher can find out where each student's mistakes are.

This research aims: 1) To find out the method of memorizing the Al-Qur'an Tariqah Tasalsuli at PPTQ Baitul Abidin Darussalam. 2) To find out the application of the Tariqah Tasalsuli method in improving the memorization of the Al-Qur'an for PPTQ Baitul Abidin Darussalam students. 3) To determine the factors that support and hinder the application of the Tariqah Tasalsuli method in improving the memorization of the Al-Qur'an for PPTQ Baitul Abidin Darussalam students. This research uses a qualitative research approach where the type of research is field. Data collection techniques used participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation methods. Then data sources were obtained from field research, qualitative research and case studies. The analysis technique used is analysis of data collected by research through methodological tools. The results of the research show that: 1) The Tariqah Tasalsuli method of memorizing the Al-Qur'an at PPTQ Baitul Abidin Darussalam is a suggestion given by Asatidz to students who feel that they still have difficulty memorizing the Al-Qur'an and quickly forget their memorization due to lack of focus and repetition. -repeat the memorization which results in the memorization not sticking in the memory. 2) application of the tasalsuli thariqah method at PPTQ Baitul Abidin Darussalam, starting with the students preparing to memorize the surah by reciting one page over and over then reading it again and again verse by verse while memorizing it when the students have completely memorized the previous verse then they can continue with the second verse, then combined and so until the last verse and even the last surah. Then the students who are ready to submit their memorization come forward to demonstrate their memorization to the teaching ustadz by repeating the previous surah. 3) The most important supporting factor in the Tariqah Tasalsuli Method is the intention and motivation of the students themselves to be able to fluently read and memorize the Koran according to the rules of the science of tajwid. Meanwhile, the most common inhibiting factor is the condition of some students who have never memorized the Koran, so they need to adjust to get used to memorizing the Koran. Another weakness is that students are easily distracted when doing muroja'ah to improve their memorization.

This study examines the types and factors of reading difficulties in children at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya, as well as evaluating the application of Problem-Based Learning Strategies (SPBM) implemented by classroom teachers. This qualitative research used observation, interview and documentation methods to collect data. The results showed that 8 students experienced reading difficulties, with various types of difficulties such as difficulty seeing long distances, low memory, difficulty spelling and pronouncing letters, and lack of letter recognition. Teachers at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya implemented SPBM with the method of showing animated videos, using everyday problems, letter card media, and remedial programs to overcome students' reading difficulties. SPBM proved effective with the support of adequate infrastructure, but was hampered by unconducive classroom conditions. This study also identified the types and factors of reading difficulties at MIS Kertajaya II Mangunjaya and evaluated the effectiveness of SPBM in overcoming them. The implementation of SPBM proved to be beneficial, but needs adjustments to maximize its effectiveness.

The aim of this research is to find the problems of advanced writing skills of upper elementary school students, and provide solutions. The research method used is a literature review. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are two factors that cause students' difficulties in writing at a high level, namely internal factors and external factors. Internal factors include students' weak motor skills, weak visual memory, low students' interest and motivation to learn, and finally students' study habits in class and at home. Meanwhile, external factors include lack of attention from parents towards students, an atmosphere at home that is less supportive, environmental conditions and finally the influence of social media. The lack of writing skills in elementary school students may also be caused by the less than optimal use of innovative learning methods. One way to optimize the writing learning process and increase students' writing motivation is to increase students' interest in writing through interesting learning models and learning media.