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ABSTRAK Perkembangan tata kelola digital di Indonesia mendorong berbagai instansi pemerintah, termasuk rumah tahanan negara (rutan), untuk mentransformasi sistem pelayanan publiknya melalui aplikasi berbasis digital. Rutan Kelas I Surabaya menginisiasi aplikasi RUSABAYA sebagai platform digital terintegrasi untuk mengelola pelayanan kunjungan tatap muka warga binaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis optimalisasi aplikasi RUSABAYA dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kunjungan warga binaan, mengidentifikasi hambatan implementasi di lapangan, serta merumuskan rekomendasi strategis perbaikan layanan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif melalui observasi partisipatif selama kegiatan magang, wawancara terbatas dengan petugas dan pengunjung, serta studi dokumentasi, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa RUSABAYA telah berkontribusi signifikan dalam meningkatkan efisiensi administrasi, transparansi, dan ketertiban pelayanan kunjungan. Aplikasi ini memungkinkan pendaftaran kunjungan secara daring, pengelolaan antrean digital melalui tiket berbasis kode QR, penjadwalan berbasis sesi dengan kuota 80 orang per sesi, serta fitur riwayat kunjungan yang lengkap. Namun, dua hambatan kritis teridentifikasi: aplikasi tidak tersedia di platform distribusi populer seperti Google Play Store dan Apple App Store, serta sosialisasi penggunaan aplikasi kepada masyarakat belum optimal sebagaimana tercermin dari ketiadaan petunjuk penggunaan di loket pelayanan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa efektivitas digitalisasi pelayanan publik tidak semata-mata ditentukan oleh kualitas teknis sistem, tetapi juga oleh aksesibilitas, dukungan literasi digital, dan komitmen institusional terhadap pelayanan yang inklusif.

Sistem rujukan pelayanan kesehatan yang terintegrasi dan responsif sangat krusial dalam mendukung keberhasilan Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Namun, dalam praktiknya masih sering ditemukan berbagai kendala seperti lamanya waktu tunggu, ketidakjelasan informasi, serta permasalahan administratif yang menghambat efektivitas pelayanan pasien BPJS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan membuktikan secara empiris pengaruh akses informasi, kualitas pelayanan, dan peran tenaga kesehatan baik secara parsial maupun simultan terhadap efektivitas sistem penerimaan rujukan pasien BPJS di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Tingkat III Kendari. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan rancangan observasional analitik melalui pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini mencakup seluruh pasien rujukan BPJS dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 240 responden yang ditentukan menggunakan rumus Slovin. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan uji asumsi klasik serta analisis regresi linear berganda berbantuan perangkat lunak SPSS. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan nilai p-value sebesar 0,00 (p < 0,05) pada ketiga variabel bebas, yang mengonfirmasi adanya hubungan yang sangat signifikan secara statistik dengan efektivitas sistem penerimaan rujukan. Selanjutnya, hasil uji F membuktikan bahwa akses informasi (F = 380,762$), kualitas pelayanan (F = 394,506$), dan peran tenaga kesehatan (F = 394,506$) secara bersama-sama (simultan) memiliki pengaruh yang sangat kuat dan signifikan terhadap efektivitas sistem penerimaan rujukan pasien BPJS dengan tingkat signifikansi 0,000. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa akses informasi, kualitas pelayanan, dan peran tenaga kesehatan merupakan faktor determinan utama yang secara nyata memengaruhi keberhasilan dan kinerja efektivitas sistem rujukan di rumah sakit tersebut. Rumah sakit disarankan untuk terus mengoptimalkan integrasi teknologi informasi, meningkatkan daya tanggap petugas, serta memperkuat fungsi koordinasi tenaga kesehatan guna menekan kesalahan administrasi dan mempersingkat waktu tunggu pasien.

Transformasi digital administrasi pertanahan di Indonesia melalui Peraturan Menteri Agraria dan Tata Ruang/Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 1 Tahun 2021 telah mengubah sistem pendaftaran tanah dari berbasis dokumen fisik menjadi sistem elektronik. Perubahan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, transparansi, dan kepastian hukum dalam pelayanan pertanahan. Namun demikian, transformasi tersebut menimbulkan persoalan yuridis terkait kekuatan hukum dan nilai pembuktian sertipikat tanah elektronik, serta perubahan peran dan tanggung jawab Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis: (1) pelaksanaan pendaftaran dan penerbitan sertipikat tanah secara elektronik di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Blora; (2) kendala yang dihadapi serta upaya penyelesaiannya; dan (3) kekuatan hukum sertipikat tanah elektronik ditinjau dari aspek kepastian dan perlindungan hukum. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan spesifikasi deskriptif analitis, yang didukung oleh data empiris melalui wawancara dengan pihak Kantor Pertanahan, PPAT, dan masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan sertipikat tanah elektronik dilakukan secara bertahap melalui integrasi layanan elektronik, mulai dari pengajuan permohonan, verifikasi berkas, validasi data fisik dan yuridis, hingga penerbitan sertipikat elektronik. Kendala yang dihadapi meliputi gangguan sistem, keterbatasan infrastruktur digital, serta rendahnya literasi digital masyarakat. Upaya yang dilakukan antara lain penguatan sistem keamanan, peningkatan kompetensi sumber daya manusia, serta sosialisasi kepada masyarakat. Sertipikat tanah elektronik memiliki kekuatan pembuktian yang sama dengan sertipikat fisik sepanjang diterbitkan sesuai prosedur dan menggunakan tanda tangan elektronik tersertifikasi.

Indonesia masih menghadapi tantangan demografi berupa jumlah penduduk yang besar dengan laju pertumbuhan yang terus meningkat. Berdasarkan hasil Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012, jumlah penduduk Indonesia mencapai sekitar 257 juta jiwa. Di sisi lain, penggunaan smartphone telah menjadi bagian dari kehidupan masyarakat, ditandai dengan peningkatan pengguna yang terus terjadi setiap tahun. Data dari Statista menunjukkan bahwa pada Oktober 2017, sekitar 75% pengguna smartphone di Indonesia menggunakan perangkat berbasis Android. Berdasarkan data integrasi Sistem Informasi Administrasi Kependudukan (SIAK) dengan KTP elektronik Kabupaten Tasikmalaya per Juni 2019, Kecamatan Cigalontang merupakan kecamatan dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar kedua setelah Karangnunggal, yaitu sebanyak 74.140 jiwa atau 4,14% dari total penduduk Kabupaten Tasikmalaya yang berjumlah 1.791.881 jiwa. Jumlah tersebut terdiri atas 37.998 laki-laki (4,17%) dan 36.142 perempuan (4,10%). Dalam program Keluarga Berencana (KB), metode kontrasepsi yang paling banyak digunakan adalah suntik 300 PUS sebesar 41,10% dan suntik 150 PUS sebesar 20,55%, dengan jumlah peserta aktif mencapai 506 akseptor atau sekitar 69% dari total 730 akseptor KB. Hasil Focus Group Discussion (FGD) bersama bidan dan akseptor KB menunjukkan masih sering terjadi keterlambatan maupun kelalaian dalam konsumsi pil KB serta jadwal kunjungan ulang suntik, sehingga diperlukan media atau sistem pengingat yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kepatuhan akseptor.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai efektivitas aplikasi mobile “e-KABE” sebagai sarana pendukung pelayanan Keluarga Berencana di Desa Cigalontang, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, pada tahun 2021.

Pengaturan mengenai hak sewa atas tanah telah diakui dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria (UUPA), serta Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 18 Tahun 2021 dan Peraturan Menteri ATR/BPN Nomor 16 Tahun 2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi pendaftaran perjanjian sewa atas tanah di Kantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Badung. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi pendaftaran perjanjian sewa tanah belum terlaksana di Kantor Badan Pertanahan Kabupaten Badung, meskipun telah diatur secara normatif. Hal ini disebabkan oleh belum adanya standar operasional prosedur (SOP), keterbatasan fitur dalam sistem pelayanan pertanahan, serta sifat pengaturan yang masih fakultatif. Secara yuridis, perjanjian sewa tetap sah sepanjang memenuhi ketentuan Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata, namun tidak memiliki kekuatan publikasi sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan risiko hukum bagi pihak ketiga. Diperlukan penguatan regulasi, penyusunan SOP, serta peningkatan kesadaran hukum masyarakat.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of good governance principles in digital population administration services in Medan Marelan Subdistrict from the perspective of Administrative Law. The background of this research is based on the importance of digital transformation in public services through the Electronic-Based Government System (SPBE) to enhance transparency, accountability, effectiveness, and efficiency. However, in practice, several obstacles are still encountered, such as limited infrastructure, network disruptions, and limited human resources. This research employs an empirical legal research method with both empirical and statutory approaches. Data were collected through field research, including interviews with subdistrict officials and the community, as well as library research involving laws, regulations, and relevant literature. The data were analyzed qualitatively to examine the conformity between the implementation of services and the principles of good governance and general principles of good administration (AUPB). The results show that the implementation of good governance principles in digital population services in Medan Marelan Subdistrict has not been fully optimal. This is indicated by challenges in information transparency, system effectiveness, and limitations in human resources and infrastructure. Nevertheless, digital services have provided convenience for the community in accessing population administration services. In conclusion, improvements in human resources quality, technological infrastructure, and the strengthening of supervision and evaluation mechanisms are necessary to achieve public services that align with good governance principles.

Population administration services are essential public services that fulfill the civil rights of the community. However, the process of changing Family Card (KK) data at the village level often faces problems, such as complicated procedures and limited access to services. With the development of information technology, village governments are required to implement digital-based service innovations through a digital governance approach. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of digital governance implementation in population administration services through the LAPAK SARAH application for Family Card data changes in Dayu Village, Nglegok District, Blitar Regency. The approach used in this study is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Research informants included village officials and community members as service users. The results showed that the use of the LAPAK SARAH application could improve the performance of population administration services, as indicated by faster service times, easier access, and increased service transparency and accountability. From a digital governance perspective, the role of village officials, cooperation with the Population and Civil Registration Office, and community participation improved service quality. However, this study also found obstacles such as limited digital literacy among the community, differences in village device capacity, and technical infrastructure constraints. The success of digital population administration services at the village level is not only determined by the use of technology, but also by the quality of governance and the readiness of the parties involved.

Services in the health sector are a form of public service that must be implemented properly by the government. In the context of health services, the importance of effective and efficient implementation cannot be ignored because this has a direct impact on people's quality of life. In order for health services to achieve their goals, various requirements must be met, including the availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure, a harmonious relationship between patients and service providers, easy accessibility, and high quality. The aim of this research is to determine the description of the service quality of administrative staff. at the Kelapa Gading Community Health Center. The method used is descriptive with a quantitative approach which produces univariate results. This research was conducted at the Kelapa Gading Community Health Center with a total of 150 respondents. The variables in this research are Service Procedures, Completion Time, Service Costs, Service Products, Facilities and Infrastructure, Accreditation of Service Officers. The population in this study were all 1.216 outpatients with a sample of 150 respondents.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Good Governance principles—transparency, accountability, participation, effectiveness, efficiency, rule of law, and inclusivity—in public administration services at the Sungai Tabukan Sub-district Office, especially in the Service, Economy, and Social Welfare Section. The method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of sub-district officials and service user communities. The data was analyzed through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawn, and tested for validity by triangulation and member check techniques. The results of the study show that procedural transparency, compliance with SOPs, and administrative accountability mechanisms have been running relatively well, so that services such as SKKM, marriage recommendations, and population documents can be processed openly and can be traced. However, the limitations of human resources, facilities, and digital infrastructure cause the effectiveness and efficiency of services to still be conditional and depend on key actors. Community participation has been facilitated through forums and feedback channels, but it is still dominated by village intermediaries so that the direct involvement of residents is not optimal. In terms of the rule of law and inclusivity, services have been based on regulations and are non-discriminatory, although there are still inequality in access and speed of services between regions. The main supporting factors include leadership commitment, internal work culture, and the existence of SOPs, while inhibiting factors include limited human resources, facilities, and information systems that have not been integrated. It was concluded that the implementation of Good Governance in public administration services in Sungai Tabukan District has been running functionally, but has not been fully consolidated systemically. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen policies through the digitization of services, increase the capacity of the apparatus, improve facilities, integrate data-based accountability and transparency systems, and expand citizen participation channels to realize more professional, fair, and sustainable public administration service.

This research is motivated by the importance of strengthening a professional public service culture through the integration of public administration values, norms, and ethics. Although various regulations and codes of ethics have been established in public organizations, gaps remain between formal norms and service practices in the field, such as low levels of responsiveness and professionalism among civil servants. This study aims to analyze the relationship between values, norms, and ethics in shaping public service culture, and to examine the role of organizational ethics and codes of ethics in strengthening public administration professionalism. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical design through a literature review of relevant journals, books, and policy documents. Content analysis techniques were used to identify patterns of relationships between concepts. The results indicate that the internalization of ethical values ​​such as integrity, accountability, and transparency significantly influences the quality of public services. An organizational code of ethics serves as a formal instrument that clarifies standards of conduct for civil servants and strengthens a professional work culture. Consequently, public organizations need to strengthen ethics training, oversight mechanisms, and the integration of ethical values ​​into performance evaluation systems to build responsive and public-interest-oriented services.

Penelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas hukum pelaksanaan lelang kendaraan dinas melalui Kantor Pelayanan Kekayaan Negara dan Lelang (KPKNL) dalam memperkuat transparansi pengelolaan aset pemerintah. Permasalahan penelitian difokuskan pada bagaimana implementasi empiris mekanisme lelang berkontribusi, apakah pelaksanaan telah memenuhi Peraturan Menteri Keuangan, serta faktor kelembagaan yang memengaruhi efektivitasnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji kesesuaian antara kerangka regulatif dan praktik administratif dalam pelaksanaan lelang kendaraan dinas. Penelitian hukum empiris serta pendekatan kualitatif diaplikasikan sebagai metode dengan melaksanakan wawancara dan studi dokumen di KPKNL Madiun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan lelang elektronik meningkatkan transparansi prosedural melalui keterbukaan informasi, mekanisme yang terstandar, dan proses yang dapat ditelusuri. Namun, transparansi substantif masih dipengaruhi oleh kesiapan administrasi, koordinasi antar instansi, serta literasi digital masyarakat. Dengan demikian, lelang kendaraan dinas efektif secara prosedural, tetapi memerlukan penguatan kelembagaan guna mewujudkan tata kelola aset yang transparan dan akuntabel secara optimal.

Manajemen arsip dokumen pajak daerah memegang peranan penting dalam mendukung administrasi dan pelayanan publik di Badan Pendapatan Daerah (Bapenda). Sistem pengarsipan manual yang masih digunakan menimbulkan berbagai permasalahan, seperti risiko kehilangan dokumen, kerusakan arsip fisik, serta keterlambatan dalam proses pencarian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem informasi arsip dokumen pajak daerah berbasis web pada Bapenda Kabupaten Karimun. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus diterapkan, sementara pengembangan sistem menggunakan model Waterfall yang meliputi analisis kebutuhan, perancangan, implementasi, pengujian, dan pemeliharaan. Sistem yang dirancang menyediakan fitur manajemen pengguna berbasis peran (admin, petugas pajak, dan kasubbid), pengelolaan dan pencarian arsip, serta pengamanan data melalui mekanisme autentikasi dan otorisasi. Hasil pengujian menggunakan metode black box testing terhadap delapan skenario menunjukkan bahwa seluruh fungsi utama sistem berjalan sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang telah ditetapkan. Sistem mampu mengelola proses unggah, pencarian, pengunduhan, dan manajemen pengguna sesuai kebutuhan operasional Bapenda Kabupaten Karimun.

This community service activity was conducted at Plamongansari Urban Village, Semarang City, focusing on administrative and general public services. The identified issues included administrative service mechanisms, employee performance, utilization of service technology, and bureaucratic mechanisms in public administration. The objective of this community service was to describe and analyze the administrative and general service processes through direct assistance activities carried out by students. The method used was a participatory approach involving observation, direct assistance, and active involvement in administrative services at the urban village office. The results showed that administrative service mechanisms were implemented with clear procedures, the performance of public service personnel was relatively good, the utilization of service technology supported administrative efficiency, and bureaucratic mechanisms contributed to service orderliness. This community service activity also enhanced the awareness of public service personnel regarding professionalism, discipline, and community-oriented services. Therefore, this community service contributes to improving the quality of public services at Plamongansari Urban Village.

Digital transformation in the public sector has encouraged the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a strategic instrument to enhance the effectiveness and quality of public service delivery. In Indonesia, the implementation of AI within the public administrative system remains at an early stage and faces various structural, regulatory, and ethical challenges. This study aims to analyze the opportunities, challenges, and ethical implications of AI implementation in Indonesia’s public administration. The research employs a qualitative approach through literature review and policy analysis of governmental digital transformation regulations. The findings indicate that AI holds significant potential to improve bureaucratic efficiency, service transparency, and data-driven decision-making processes. However, regulatory gaps, limited digital literacy among public officials, the risk of algorithmic bias, and data protection concerns constitute major obstacles to its effective implementation. The novelty of this study lies in integrating public administration management analysis with a public service ethics framework grounded in good governance principles within the context of AI implementation in Indonesia. This study recommends strengthening regulatory frameworks for AI in the public sector, enhancing human resource capacity, and developing ethical guidelines for AI utilization to ensure that public services remain accountable, equitable, and oriented toward the public interest.

This research aimed to analyze the role of the secretariat in maximizing office administrative service funtions within the secretariat division of the departement of trade, industry, and cooperatives and SMEs of sikka regency. This research used a qualitative approach with data colletion techniques including interviews, observations, and document studies. The key informant in this research was the head of the secretariat division. Data analysis was conducted interactively through the stages of data colletion, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The result showed that the secretriat has carried out office administrative functions systematically and in a structured manner, covering routine, technical, analytical, interpersonal, and managerial functions. The management of correspondence and archives has been implemented following the established procedures, although it remained largely manual and faced challenges such as delays in letter numbering and limited supporting facilities. The utilization of information technology through the srikandi application has proven to improve work efficiency, however, it still requires enhanced human resource competencies and stronger technological infrastructure support. In terms of analysis and reporting, the secretariat played an important role in preparing administrativereports and providing accurate data to support managerial decision-making. Furthermore, the secretariat also held a strategic role in fostering coordination, communication, and harmonious working relationships within the organization.

This study examines the effectiveness of the SIPELANDUKILAT program (Population Administration Service System for Border and Remote Areas) in improving population administration services in rural and remote areas of Tanjung Palas Timur District, Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan Province. Using qualitative descriptive methods with an inductive approach, data were collected through interviews with 10 informants, direct observation, and documentation. The theoretical framework employs Siagian's (2011) effectiveness theory, assessed through four dimensions: human resources, funds, facilities and infrastructure; quantity and quality of services; time; and procedures. Findings indicate that the program has not yet reached full effectiveness, particularly due to the absence of specialized training for operators, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and the transition from the distributed SIAK system to a centralized SIAK system that rendered offline recording equipment unusable. Supporting factors include qualified human resources, assistance from the Provincial Civil Registry Office, and high community participation. The study recommends that Bulungan Regency accelerate adaptation to the centralized SIAK system, improve facilities and infrastructure, and strengthen inter-agency cooperation to optimize population administration services in remote areas.

Perkembangan teknologi informasi memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan dalam peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, khususnya dalam upaya deteksi dini Non-Communicable Diseases (PTM). PTM seperti diabetes melitus, hipertensi, penyakit kardiovaskular, dan obesitas memiliki prevalensi yang terus meningkat serta sering kali tidak terdeteksi pada tahap awal. Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyuwangi secara rutin melaksanakan program skrining PTM di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan. Namun, berdasarkan hasil observasi lapangan, proses pencatatan dan pengelolaan data hasil skrining masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan aplikasi spreadsheet yang tidak terintegrasi. Kondisi tersebut menyebabkan kesulitan dalam pelacakan riwayat kesehatan pasien, meningkatkan risiko ketidaktepatan data, serta memperlambat proses penyusunan laporan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang Sistem Informasi Deteksi Dini Penyakit Tidak Menular berbasis web dengan fokus pada obesitas guna mendukung digitalisasi pengelolaan data kesehatan di lingkungan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pengembangan sistem dengan model prototype, yang meliputi tahapan analisis kebutuhan, perancangan sistem, pembuatan prototype, serta evaluasi dan revisi berdasarkan umpan balik pengguna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dirancang mampu mengelola data pasien, mencatat hasil pemeriksaan, menghitung Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) secara otomatis, serta menghasilkan laporan secara cepat dan terstruktur. Sistem ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan efisiensi administrasi, akurasi data, serta mendukung pengambilan keputusan berbasis data (data-driven decision making) dalam pengendalian PTM.

The digital transformation of population administration services has become a strategic agenda in improving the quality of public services in many countries. This study aims to comparatively analyze the implementation models of digital-based population administration services in Indonesia and Singapore. Using a qualitative approach with a literature review method, this study examines various scientific journals, policy documents, government reports, and relevant publications published in the last five years. The analysis focuses on identifying differences in implementation patterns, supporting and inhibiting factors, and best practices applied in both countries. The results show that Singapore has successfully implemented an integrated and user-centered digital population administration system supported by a strong national digital identity infrastructure, advanced technology, and high digital literacy among citizens. Meanwhile, Indonesia has made significant progress through the implementation of the Population Administration Information System and Digital Population Identity, but still faces challenges such as infrastructure inequality, limited human resource capacity, and uneven digital literacy. This comparative study highlights that the success of digital population administration services is determined not only by technology adoption but also by policy consistency, system integration, institutional capacity, and public participation. The findings are expected to provide policy insights and practical recommendations to strengthen digital population administration services in Indonesia in the future.  

This study aims to analyze and compare public administration systems in Indonesia and the United States, focusing on bureaucratic structure, decentralization mechanisms, and public service delivery. Using a qualitative approach through literature review, this research examines scholarly articles, policy documents, and relevant regulations published in recent years. The findings show that Indonesia adopts a hierarchical and relatively centralized bureaucratic structure within a decentralized unitary state framework, while the United States applies a federal system that grants constitutionally guaranteed autonomy to state governments. Decentralization in Indonesia emphasizes administrative and political authority transfer to local governments to improve service responsiveness, although challenges such as overlapping authority and uneven institutional capacity persist. In contrast, federalism in the United States enables flexible and innovative public service provision but also creates disparities among states. The study further reveals that public service effectiveness and responsiveness in both countries are influenced by bureaucratic capacity, coordination mechanisms, and digital governance implementation. This comparative analysis provides insights for policymakers to strengthen bureaucratic reform, improve intergovernmental coordination, and enhance public service quality in accordance with national governance contexts.

Administration is an activity that must be managed effectively to support public service quality, and one of the main keys to achieving a good administrative system is the utilization of information technology, which is currently developing rapidly. Administrative activities at the Wendewa Barat village hall are still carried out using conventional and ineffective methods, particularly in population data recording, which relies on manual bookkeeping. This approach is time-consuming, labor-intensive, prone to errors, and incurs higher operational costs. Therefore, an integrated system is needed to manage administrative activities more efficiently, accurately, and systematically. This research aims to develop a web-based population administration system to improve administrative performance at the Wendewa Barat village office. The system development employs the waterfall method, which consists of several stages, including requirements analysis, system design, implementation, system testing, and maintenance. The system is built using the PHP programming language with the CodeIgniter framework and utilizes a MySQL database for data management. Additionally, jQuery is applied in several system functions to enhance system interactivity, effectiveness, and user interface attractiveness.