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Character development and organizational skills for students are essential aspects of the development of student organizations, including outdoor enthusiast groups. This activity aims to provide socialization on motivation, leadership, and organizational management to prospective members of MAPALA Surya Rimba at Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. The community service activity was conducted on November 15, 2025, at 07:30 WIB, at the campus of Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo. This event is part of the 27th basic training (Diklatsar) series of MAPALA Surya Rimba. The methods used in this activity include interactive lectures, discussions, case studies, and organizational simulations. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of achievement motivation, organizational management, roles of members, and basic coordination skills within an organization. Additionally, this activity triggered participants' awareness to build character, discipline, responsibility, teamwork, and to reflect the professional attitude of MAPALA members. This activity has the potential to be developed into a continuous development program to strengthen leadership quality and organizational management within MAPALA Surya Rimba.

Dancing as an outdoor activity significantly impacts the social and emotional skills of young children. They learn to express their emotions, work together in groups, and increase their self-confidence and empathy through dance activities. Several studies have shown that participating in dance activities can also help children manage their emotions, enhance social interactions, and improve their communication skills. Developmentally appropriate dance programs can positively impact their social and emotional development. Early children's ability to manage their own emotions is part of their emotional developmental maturation during the transition from the preoperational to the concrete operational stage. Early children's ability to manage their emotions is part of their emotional developmental maturation during the transition from the preoperational to the concrete operational stage. The ability to manage their own emotions can be seen in their ability to utilize their emotions positively, regulate their emotions according to their circumstances, and appropriately protect themselves from experiencing unhealthy emotions.

This study aims to enhance legal awareness and leadership skills among high school students in Dau District, Malang Regency through the Adventure Legal Learning program. The background of this activity is the low level of legal understanding, leadership ability, and the limited use of interactive learning methods in the school environment. This community service project applies a participatory approach, actively involving students as key participants. The methods used combine legal education, educational games based on Eduka-Game, and outdoor outbound activities designed to foster values of responsibility, discipline, and leadership. The implementation includes legal counseling, group discussions, case simulations, collaborative games, and reflection sessions, with evaluation conducted through behavioral observation and participant response questionnaires. The results indicate a significant improvement in students’ legal understanding, communication skills, teamwork, empathy, and discipline. Moreover, positive leadership behaviors and stronger legal awareness emerged among participants. This experiential learning approach proved effective in developing responsible, empathetic, and integrity-driven young individuals capable of becoming agents of change in their communities. However, variations in individual leadership and empathy skills remain challenges that need further attention and development in future programs.

This activity aims to improve the motor skills of early childhood through outdoor play activities at Pelangi Bulukumba Kindergarten. The activity was conducted over six sessions in May 2025 by lecturers and students of the Early Childhood Education Study Programme at STAI Al Gazali Bulukumba. The activity stages began with coordination with the school, observation, development of a lesson plan, instrument validation, and the implementation of a pre-test, outdoor play interventions, and a post-test. The activities included various gross and fine motor games, such as zig-zag running, jumping, and moving small objects. Evaluation results showed a significant improvement in children's motor skills, with 100% of children achieving the “Very Good Development” category after the activity. A paired sample t-test showed a significant difference (p = 0.000), indicating the effectiveness of this method. These findings reinforce motor development and developmental ecology theories, which emphasise the importance of the natural environment in supporting children's growth and development. In conclusion, outdoor play is effective in improving children's motor skills and is recommended for regular integration into the kindergarten curriculum. Parent involvement and the development of modules, along with ongoing evaluation, are necessary for the sustainability of this programme.Keywords: gross motor skills, fine motor skills, outdoor play, locomotor skills,

This study aims to examine the effect of appliying the Recovery Ice Bath on reducing fatigue in female outdoor hockey athletes of Universitas Negeri Surabaya. The research employes a pre-experimental method with a One Group Pretest- Posttest Desing. A total of 12 female athletes from Universitas Negeri Surabaya were selected as the study sample. Data were collected through RPE (Rate of Percevied Exertion) quistionnaires, Vas (Visual Analogue Scale) questionnaires,and heart rate meassurements. The analysis of pretest and posttest heart rate values yielded a significant result (0,000 <0,05). Indicating a statistically significant effect of the Recovery Ice Bath. Similarly, the RPE and VAS questionnaire results showed significant values (0,002<0,05 for RPE and VAS), suggesting a substantial impact of the Recovery Ice Bath on reducing fatigue levels and pain in female outdoor hockey athletes at Universitas Negeri Surabaya.  In conclusion, the application of the Recovery Ice Bath significantly influences fatigue reduction in outdoor hockey athletes.athletes who underwent ice baths experienced a faster decline in physical fatigue and muscle soreness. Moreover, ice baths proved effective in accelerating muscle recovery, as evidenced by the reduced Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) after engaging in intense physical activity.

Elderly individuals often experience physiological and health-related changes, including reduced muscle quality and decreased levels of physical activity. This decline negatively impacts overall health, increases the risk of chronic diseases, and diminishes the ability to perform daily activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vitamin D levels and physical activity in older adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Bina Bhakti Nursing Home involving 93 participants aged 60 years and above. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while vitamin D levels were measured through venous blood sampling. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and Spearman correlation. The average age of the participants was 74.34 years, with a mean vitamin D level of 23.73 ng/mL. Based on IPAQ results, 26.9% of participants had low physical activity, 44.1% moderate, and 29% high. Spearman correlation revealed a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between vitamin D levels and physical activity (r = 0.240, p = 0.021). These findings suggest that higher physical activity levels are associated with higher vitamin D concentrations. Engaging in outdoor activities that promote sun exposure and an active lifestyle contributes to maintaining adequate vitamin D levels, which are essential for muscle function, balance, and bone health. Therefore, ensuring sufficient vitamin D status is crucial for supporting optimal physical activity and enhancing the overall health and quality of life among the elderly.

Kabaddi is a traditional outdoor game played with slight variations across India. Prevention of hamstring injuries in kabaddi athletes requires a multifaceted approach, including a balanced muscle strengthening program, regular flexibility training, thorough warm-up before the match, and adequate recovery after intense activity. This study aims to analyze the effect of sports massage on muscle flexibility and pain threshold in the hamstring muscles of Surabaya Kabaddi athletes. The research method used was quantitative with a pretest-posttest design in two groups, namely the experimental group given sports massage intervention and the control group. The sample in this study was 12 Surabaya Kabaddi athletes who were divided into 2 groups, namely the treatment group and the control group using the Total Sampling technique. The results of the Paired t-test showed that there was a significant effect on the hamstring muscles after being given sports massage and a decrease in the pain threshold in the experimental group compared to the control group, as evidenced by the results of the t-test which showed a significant value <0.05. It can be concluded that sports massage can have an effect on hamstring muscle flexibility and pain threshold.

Heatwaves are becoming more frequent and severe, posing significant health risks, especially for vulnerable populations in urban areas. In response to this, green-exercise interventions, which combine physical activity with exposure to green spaces, offer a promising strategy for mitigating heat-related health risks. This study evaluates the effectiveness of green-exercise interventions in reducing heat-related mortality risks in heat-vulnerable communities. The research follows a longitudinal design, collecting data on physical activity, vegetation indices (NDVI), and heat-related mortality rates in urban areas prone to heatwaves. The findings reveal that green-exercise interventions resulted in up to an 18% reduction in heat-related mortality risks, demonstrating the significant impact of physical activity in natural environments. Moreover, positive correlations were found between increased green space and reduced health risks during heatwaves, emphasizing the importance of urban greening in mitigating the effects of extreme heat. Participants who engaged in outdoor physical activity in green spaces showed greater resilience to heat stress compared to those who opted for indoor exercises, underscoring the added benefits of natural environments for physical and mental health. However, the effectiveness of these interventions varied depending on environmental and behavioral factors, including the quality of green spaces and individual motivation to engage in outdoor activities. This study highlights the need for further research into the long-term effects of green-exercise interventions and the combined impact of socio-economic and environmental factors on health outcomes. The findings suggest that urban greening and physical activity in green spaces should be integrated into public health strategies, particularly in heat-vulnerable areas.