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Group-based learning in the classroom plays a vital role in enhancing social interaction, individual responsibility, as well as students' critical thinking and collaborative skills. However, its implementation often faces challenges such as the dominance of certain members, social loafing, low participation, and interpersonal conflicts that hinder group effectiveness. This study aims to comprehensively examine the dynamics of learning groups by integrating four key aspects: the concept of group dynamics based on the Tuckman model, the characteristics of effective groups in cooperative learning, group formation techniques, and conflict management strategies. The research utilizes a qualitative approach with a literature study method, analyzing 25 sources including nationally accredited journals, academic books, and theses published between 2020 and 2024. Data analysis was conducted through reduction, thematic classification, content analysis, and conceptual synthesis. The results indicate that effective group dynamics can be achieved through the Tuckman stages, the application of the five elements of cooperative learning, the selection of appropriate group formation techniques with risk mitigation, and the implementation of the Thomas-Kilmann conflict management styles.The scientific contribution of this research is the development of an integrative model based on these four aspects, which serves as a conceptual framework to strengthen collaborative learning practices in the classroom. Practical implications include the formation of ideal groups consisting of 4–5 students, the establishment of initial group contracts, the use of dual assessment rubrics (individual and group), and peer evaluation mechanisms to enhance accountability and reflection.

This study aims to examine the influence of employee engagement and intrinsic motivation on employee performance, and examine employee engagement and intrinsic motivation on organizational learning, as well as examine employee engagement and intrinsic motivation on employee performance through organizational learning. The population used in this study was 84 employees of the Department of Industry, Trade, Cooperatives, and Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of Pekalongan Regency.The data analysis techniques used in this study were descriptive and inferential analysis. Seven hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (PLS).The results of the study showthere is a positive and significant influenceemployee engagementon employee performance, intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, employee engagementpositive and significant influenceon organizational learning, intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on organizational learning, employee engagement has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through organizational learning, intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance through organizational learning.

Fifth grade students' consistently poor reading comprehension abilities, which impeded their overall academic development and participation in language acquisition, served as the driving force for this study. Using a comic assisted problem based learning (PBL) model, the study, which involved 39 students at SDN Purwamekar, aimed to improve learning activities in order to increase teacher and student participation and, eventually, improve fifth grade students' reading comprehension skills. By using comic strips to illustrate issues, this creative method made learning more engaging and accessible for younger students. In order to enable iterative improvements, the study was conducted over two cycles using classroom action research technique. Only 25% of students (eight people) successfully completed the learning objectives in the first cycle, according to preliminary findings, while 75% (24 students) failed, suggesting difficulties with student motivation and comprehension. This led to changes like improving comic material and fostering more cooperative conversations. Significant progress was seen by the second cycle, with 30 students meeting the completion criteria and only four falling short of the objectives, indicating improved engagement and skill growth. In conclusion, the comic assisted PBL model effectively boosted reading comprehension skills among fifth grade students. The research underscores the value of integrating visual aids and problem solving in education, offering practical insights for teachers to create more dynamic classrooms. Nonetheless, factors like time constraints and resource availability warrant further exploration to ensure sustainable implementation in diverse educational settings.

Education is a comprehensive process aimed at developing human quality, in which the success of learning largely depends on the implementation of appropriate instructional strategies. Learning strategies serve as a guide for educators in managing the interaction between teachers, learners, materials, and the learning environment to achieve educational goals effectively and efficiently. This study aims to describe the objectives of learning strategies in improving learning quality and to explain how relevant learning models can be applied based on students’ characteristics and learning contexts. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by analyzing various theories and previous studies related to learning strategies and educational quality improvement. The findings indicate that learning strategies play a central role in creating active, creative, and meaningful learning processes. The application of several models such as cooperative learning, inquiry learning, contextual teaching and learning, project-based learning, and discovery learning has been proven to enhance students’ motivation, engagement, and learning outcomes in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Therefore, systematically designed and adaptive learning strategies that focus on students’ potential are the key to improving learning quality and achieving comprehensive educational objectives.

This study aims to determine the effect of applying the Jigsaw cooperative learning model on students’ literacy skills in the Indonesian language subject for sixth-grade students at SDN 76 Tarowang. The research employed a Quasi-Experimental Design with a Pretest–Posttest Design. The sample consisted of 17 students who participated in the learning process using the Jigsaw model. Data were collected through literacy skill tests administered before and after the treatment.The results showed that the average pretest score of 28.47 increased to 56.41 in the posttest, indicating an improvement of 27.94 points. The Shapiro–Wilk normality test confirmed that the data were normally distributed (pretest Sig. = 0.513; posttest Sig. = 0.336). Furthermore, the Paired Sample t-test revealed a t-value of 7.180 with a significance level (Sig. 2-tailed) = 0.000 (< 0.05), indicating a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. These findings demonstrate that the implementation of the Jigsaw cooperative learning model has a significant positive effect on students’ literacy skills. This model effectively engages students in reading comprehension, summarizing information, and communicating ideas collaboratively.

This research is motivated by the low cognitive abilities of students in science learning in elementary schools, which is largely caused by conventional teaching methods that do not actively involve students. To overcome this problem, the Team Assisted Individually (TAI) learning model is used, which combines a cooperative approach and individual learning to improve the understanding of science concepts more effectively. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the TAI model on the cognitive abilities of fifth-grade students of SD Islam Baitul Salam Ciledug on natural phenomena material. This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design and a pretest-posttest control group design technique. The sample consists of two classes, namely the experimental class that uses the TAI model and the control class that uses conventional learning methods. The results of the study show that there is a significant increase in the cognitive learning outcomes of students who participate in learning with the TAI model compared to the conventional method. Therefore, this study is expected to provide an alternative effective learning model for teachers, as well as improve the quality of the process and student learning outcomes, especially in science learning.  

This community service activity was implemented using a service learning approach through a business planning and public communication training program for the Merah Putih Village Cooperative in Huta Baringin. The background to this activity stems from the need for cooperative members to increase their capacity in designing sustainable business plans and effective public communication skills in conveying the cooperative's vision, mission, and programs to the community. The implementation method was carried out through the stages of needs identification, formulation of training materials, simulation practices, and intensive mentoring. The results of the activity showed an increase in cooperative members' understanding in developing business plans based on local potential and improved public communication skills, both within the organizational context and externally to strategic partners. This program not only strengthens the cooperative's independence but also demonstrates the relevance of the service learning model in connecting the roles of academics, students, and the community collaboratively. Thus, this training contributes to local economic empowerment and strengthening institutional communication capacity at the village level.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of applying the cooperative learning model of the TGT type with the aid of Educaplay in improving students' learning outcomes in the IPAS subject. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) was conducted at SDN Jajar Tunggal III Surabaya. The learning outcomes of the IPAS topic on Diseases Affecting the Musculoskeletal System during the pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II showed a significant improvement. In the pre-cycle, the mastery achieved was only 29%, with 8 students reaching mastery and 20 students not yet achieving it. In cycle I, the percentage of students reaching mastery rose to 61%, with 17 students achieving mastery and 11 students still not reaching it. In cycle II, the percentage of students achieving mastery soared to 86%. These data indicate that both cycles successfully improved students' learning outcomes by applying the TGT cooperative learning model with the help of Educaplay.

The objective of this research is to enhance the academic performance of Grade III students at SDN Margomulyo 1 Ngawi in the subject of animal life cycle by implementing a cooperative learning approach using Montessori media. The study methodology used is classroom action research (CAR) consisting of two cycles. During the first phase, the assessment of student learning outcomes revealed a limited level of proficiency, as just 44% of students successfully attained the desired learning goals. Following the implementation of the cooperative learning paradigm using Montessori media in the second cycle, there was a notable improvement, with 88% of students attaining mastery and an average score rise of 82%. This research provides evidence that the collaborative learning approach, along with Montessori media, is successful in improving students' comprehension and academic achievements in the subject of animal life cycles.

The aim of the research is to determine the interest of class IV SDN 02 Taman Madiun in learning science and science material on plant parts by applying the TGT type cooperative learning model. Using the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method which was carried out in two cycle meetings. Stages include observation, planning, implementation, and reflection consisting of each cycle. 7 class IV students at SDN 02 Taman Madiun were used as research subjects. Data collection instruments consist of interviews, questionnaires, observations and documentation. The results of the research prove that fourth grade students' interest in learning science and science material about plant parts has increased after implementing the TGT type cooperative model.  The percentage of interest results increased, initially 68.52% in the first practice cycle meeting, then increasing to 85.26% after the second practice cycle meeting. These results become an alternative strategy to achieve interest in learning for class IV SDN 02 Taman as expected through the implementation of the TGT type cooperative model.

This research was motivated by a lack of student participation and boredom with the monotonous learning system so that students did not understand abstract and complex economic concepts. From these problems it can be seen that the cause is a lack of motivation to learn. So it is necessary to develop a learning model, one of which is the TGT (Teams Games Tournament) cooperative learning model using TTS. The aims of this research are (1) to determine the effect of the TGT learning model on students' learning motivation in economics subjects in Class XI MA Sunan Kalijogo Mojo Kediri; (2) To find out how much influence the TGT learning model has on the motivation to learn economics for class XI MA Sunan Kalijogo Mojo Kediri. The research approach used is quantitative, associative type. Data collection uses questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis and hypothesis testing using simple linear regression using SPSS. The research results show that (1) Based on the hypothesis test, the results obtained are sig. 0.000 < 0.05, it can be said that there is a positive and significant influence between the influence of the TGT learning model on students' economic learning motivation; (2) Based on the hypothesis test, a value (R) of 0.652 was obtained, which indicates a strong relationship between the two variables. Meanwhile, the R Square values ​​of 42.5% and 57.5% are influenced by other factors that have not been studied.

This research aims to examine whether the achievement and improvement of junior high school students' mathematical communication skills who use the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach through the Numbered Head Together type Cooperative Learning model is better than those who use regular learning. The method used in this research is experimental. This research was conducted at one of the state junior high schools in Cianjur Regency with a population of all class VIII, while the sample was taken from two classes randomly where one class was the experimental class and the other class was the control class. This research instrument is about description. The research data were processed using the Microsoft Office Excel 2007 application and SPSS 16 software. Based on the research results, the author concluded that the achievement and improvement in mathematical communication skills of junior high school students whose learning used the Contextual Teaching and Learning approach through the Numbered Head Together type Cooperative Learning model was better than that using regular learning.    

This reseacrh is intended to test the application of the gamification-based cooperative learning model and its influence on the mathematics learning outcomes of grade 4 students at SDN 1 Kayuambon. The cooperative model is a learning process that emphasizes cooperation and interaction so that students play an active role during the learning process. This cooperative learning model can be combined with a gamification-based learning model so that students can experience the learning process in a fun way. This research uses quantitative methods by comparing pretest and posttest data on the application of conventional models and gamification-based cooperative models. The research suggest an increase in learning outcomes in the pretest and posttest when the gamification-based cooperative model was applied by 8.14.

This article discusses the importance of creativity in learning, especially in the context of using Picture and Picture Cooperative Learning Model in Islamic Religious Education subject in a secondary school. The article emphasizes that creative learning models can improve learners' learning outcomes, especially when compared to more traditional learning models such as the Direct Learning Model. The research method used was experimental with a Quasi Experiment design, where two classes were selected as samples: one class applied the Picture and Picture Cooperative Learning Model as the experimental class, while the other class applied the traditional learning model. Data was collected through pre- and post-learning tests, as well as through observation of students' activeness. The results showed that the Picture and Picture Cooperative Learning Model has a significant effect on students' learning outcomes, especially in the context of learning Islamic Religious Education. This model allows students to be more active and creative in learning, so that their learning outcomes can be significantly improved. This research makes an important contribution to our understanding of the importance of creativity in learning and its relevance to learners' learning outcomes. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)

The implementation of the Independent Curriculum in Indonesia has encouraged various innovations in learning methods, including in the Fiqh subject at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah level. The cooperative learning model is one approach that is considered effective in improving conceptual understanding, students' application skills, and supporting the strengthening of the Pancasila Student Profile. This study aims to examine the implementation of the cooperative learning model in the Fiqh subject at MTs Al Jihadiyah, with a focus on challenges, supporting factors, and its impact on student learning outcomes. The method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data collection techniques include participatory observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and students, and analysis of learning documents. Data were analyzed thematically with triangulation techniques to ensure the validity of the findings. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the cooperative learning model is able to increase student active involvement and understanding of the Fiqh material. Some of the challenges faced include limited learning time and differences in student abilities. The supporting factors for the success of the implementation of this model include support from the school and training for teachers. Other positive impacts are seen in improving students' application skills in daily life and strengthening character according to the dimensions of the Pancasila Student Profile, especially in the aspects of collaboration and critical thinking.

This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of class VIII FIKIH MTsN 10 Agam. Researchers see the low UTS scores and the way student learn is still lacking during the FIKIH learning process. The hypothesis and this research is that the use of the Number Heads Together (NHT). On the learning outcomes of class VIII FIKIH MTsN 10 Agam. This research is a quantitative research using a quasi – experimental research design. The population in this study were all students of class VIII MTsN 10 Agam and the sample classes were class VIII 2 and class VIII 4. The instrument that the researcher used was the results of the FIKIH subject test in the form of multiple choice questions. As many as 20 questions with als material. The result of the reseach conducted by the researcher showed that the percentage of students completeness was hinger than the percentage of students completeness in the control class average score of 79,76 in the experimental class while in the control class there where  21 students who achieved KKM only 8 students with an average of 62,38 with a percentage of 86% experimental completeness and control class completeness 38% influence of the Number Heads Together (NHT) cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes in the FIKIH alms subject class VIII MTsN 10 Agam

The background to this research is that students lack enthusiasm and are less active in the Fiqh subjects taught by the teacher during learning. Lack of cooperation can trigger students to be active and discuss learning with their friends. Based on this, the researchers tried to offer a Numbered Head Together (NHT) Cooperative learning model. The formulation of the problem in this research is how much influence the Numbered Head Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model has on student learning activities in the Class XI Fiqh subject at MAN 1 Bukittinggi City. This research aims to determine how much influence the Numbered Head Together (NHT) Cooperative Learning Model has on student learning activities in the Class XI Fiqh subject at MAN 1 Bukittinggi City. The type of research used in this research uses quantitative research methods with a quasi-experimental approach. In this study, a nonequivalent control group design was used. The population in this research were all class XI students at MAN 1 Bukittinggi City. Sampling was carried out randomly and class XI IPS 2 was selected as the control class and class XI IPS 3 as the experimental class. The results of this research can be explained that there is an increase in the learning activity of experimental class students with the Numbered Head Together (NHT) model compared to learning in the control class without any treatment. Based on hypothesis testing, it is known that there are differences in fiqh learning activities between experimental class and control class students, namely based on the t-test, tcount = 3.491 and ttable = 1.66. Based on the results obtained, the value tcount > ttable so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model influences students' fiqh learning activities.

This study aims to find out how the learning outcomes of students taught using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning Model and the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Cooperative Learning Model. The type of research used is Quasy Experiment Design research. Based on the research that was conducted in class V SDN 104204 Sambirejo Timur, it showed that there were differences in student learning outcomes. It can be seen in the average learning outcomes in the experimental class 1 (TGT) obtaining an average score of 81.25, while in experimental class 2 (STAD) obtained an average value of 79. At the significance level produced in the t-test shows a result of 0.00 < than 0.05. Thus the results were obtained, namely the learning outcomes of students who were taught using the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Cooperative Learning Model were higher than the learning outcomes of students who were taught using the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Cooperative Learning Model.

This research is a Classroom Action Research (PTK) consisting of 2 cycles, each consisting of 2 meetings. Before giving action, an initial ability test is first given and at the end of each cycle is given a problem-solving ability test. From the results of the analysis of initial ability test data, it was obtained that many students achieved learning completeness from the initial ability test, namely 18 out of 28 students or 21% with a grade average of 26,7. The results of data analysis in the first cycle after applying the Reciprocal Teaching type cooperative learning model showed that the number of students who achieved learning completeness was 13 out of 28 students or 61% with a grade average of 70,7. The results of data analysis at the end of cycle II with the same learning obtained the number of students achieving learning completeness, namely 24 out of 28 students or 86% with a grade average of 90,86. This means that there is an increase in students' mathematical problem-solving skills from cycle I to cycle II. Based on classical completeness criteria, this learning has reached the classical completeness target.

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in mathematics class X MIPA 2 at SMA Negeri 2 Medan using the Group Investigation learning model. This research is a class action research. The subjects of this study were students of class X MIPA 2 with a total of 36 students. This research consisted of two cycles with two meetings in each cycle. Each meeting carried out a test of learning outcomes. Data collection techniques used learning achievement tests, observation sheets and student response questionnaires. Data analysis techniques use data reduction and data exposure. The results of this study indicate that the application of the Group Investigation learning model in mathematics learning can improve student learning outcomes in class X MIPA 2. This increase in learning outcomes can be seen from student contributions during the learning process in the form of student learning outcomes tests, students pay attention to the teacher's explanation, students express opinions , students work with groups, student responses to the use of learning models and the results of observations. The increase in classical completeness on the learning outcomes test I cycle I was 19.44%. Meanwhile, learning outcomes II in cycle I increased to 44.44%. In cycle II, the classical completeness test III of 86.11% increased to 94.44% in the fourth learning achievement test. The observation results showed that in the first cycle it increased from 3.54 to 3.73 in the very good category and the student response to learning using the Group Investigation model in the first cycle was 85% increasing to 90% in the second cycle. It can be concluded that almost all students in class X MIPA 2 gave a positive response and accepted the implementation of the Group Investigation learning model in class X MIPA 2. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the Group Investigation Learning Model can improve student learning outcomes in Mathematics Learning at SMA Negeri 2 Medan.