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This study explored the adaptation strategies of pre-service English teachers during their teaching practicum (PPL) in junior high schools implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka framework. The aim of the study is to explore how pre-service English teachers integrate the flexible and student-centered curriculum while adjusting to a variety of problems in a real-world classroom environment. Semi-structured interviews and non-participant observations were used in this qualitative study to collect data from six pre-service teachers. The results showed that pre-service teachers used a variety of strategies to deal with procedural, managerial, psychological, instructional, and cultural obstacles, such as reflective practices, collaborative mentoring, and differentiated instruction. In addition to highlighting the necessity of successfully promoting Kurikulum Merdeka, the study emphasizes the value of mentorship and reflective practices in promoting professional development. These findings help to enhance programs for preparing future teachers and offer insightful advice to pre-service English teachers as they enter into professional teaching roles.

This research aims to instill and strengthen the spirit of democracy and nationalism in every student. When they have the spirit of democracy and nationalism, their love for the nation and enthusiasm for fighting for this nation will be strong and great. One effort to instill a spirit of democracy and nationalism in the next generation is by learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The type of method used in this article is a literature review. The writing of this literature review adopts national articles published on various journal provider platforms on a national scale which discuss the importance of increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education. The results of the research show that increasing democratic values ​​and nationalism in students through learning Pancasila and citizenship education shows a positive direction. This means that students who have received Pancasila and citizenship education material have experienced a good improvement in their democratic attitudes and nationalist feelings. This learning is implemented in Indonesia with the aim of forming students into individuals who have strong character and are based on the values ​​of Pancasila, who have faith and devotion to God Almighty, have global diversity, mutual cooperation, independence, critical reasoning and creativity. Apart from that, through Pancasila and citizenship education we are present to provide in-depth understanding from teachers about the essence of Pancasila and the urgency of citizenship education.

Paulo Freire’s concept of liberal education is still not implemented in the world of education in developing countries. Educational actors still adhere to the banking system to oppress students. This study raises a social correlation between educators and students called school family kinship. The education curriculum needs to be used as an indicator of success in terms of the intelligence of the children. The curriculum has continued to transform since 1947 to 2022 but has not found its identity.  Now, the independent learning curriculum is intensively grounded, but there are gaps between regions and between socio-economic groups in terms of learning quality. The implementation of the independent learning curriculum is considered not to have a significant positive effect in the outermost and marginalized areas. Therefore, the old pattern called banking system of education is still used. Students are considered empty piggy banks that must be filled by the teacher. Teachers are still recognized as the all-knowing in knowledge that must be poured into the brains of students. As a result, students can only follow what is transferred by the teacher. This is the basis for the author to try to provide briefings to Catholic teachers and education personnel in Wini and Wekfau parishes regarding the implementation of an independent curriculum in Catholic Schools. This study uses qualitative methods with observation techniques carried out in coastal parishes (Wini) and in the mountains (Wekfau) in terms of geographical location to find out the similarity of perceptions of the independent curriculum. This study applies a qualitative method with observation techniques carried out in the coastal parish (Wini) and in the mountains (Wekfau) in terms of geographical location to find out the similarities in perceptions of the implementation of the independent curriculum in two different areas.

The Independent Curriculum is an approach to global education created to provide more freedom for teachers and students in the learning process. In the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK), the Independent Curriculum is needed to increase student activity through the implementation of learning that is more flexible and in sync with the needs and potential of each student. This research aims to explore the role of the Merdeka Curriculum in increasing students' activeness in PAK learning. Through a more student-centered approach and encouraging active participation, the Independent Curriculum is needed to create a more enjoyable, creative and productive learning atmosphere. The results of this research show that the application of the Merdeka Curriculum in PAK can increase student activity, both in terms of emotional, intellectual and social involvement. Thus, the Independent Curriculum not only places freedom in learning, but is also the key to creating a progressive and effective learning atmosphere.

The curriculum is a fundamental component of the education system, designed to meet the evolving needs of society. In 2022, the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology introduced the Merdeka Curriculum as a strategic response to global challenges and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum, identify the challenges encountered, and propose strategies to enhance its effectiveness. The research employs a literature review with a qualitative approach, underpinned by Structural Functional Theory to interpret the dynamics of curriculum implementation. The findings reveal significant disparities in teachers’ readiness to understand and implement the curriculum, influenced by factors such as training, resource availability, and institutional support. Major challenges include insufficient infrastructure, gaps in understanding, and resistance to pedagogical innovation. The study concludes that strengthening collaboration among teachers, schools, communities, and the government, combined with intensive training and infrastructure development, can optimize the curriculum’s potential in fostering globally competitive human resources. It is recommended that all stakeholders actively engage in cross-sector collaboration to ensure the sustainable implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum.

The implementation of Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM) in the Independent Curriculum is one of the important problems faced by educational institutions, including madrasas, in efforts to improve the quality of education. KKM is the minimum standard score that must be achieved by students to be declared complete in a subject. In the context of the Independent Curriculum which emphasizes learning based on the potential and uniqueness of students, the implementation of KKM faces several challenges, such as difficulties in more flexible assessments, differences in student ability levels, and limited resources available in madrasas. This study aims to identify the challenges faced by madrasas in implementing KKM and find solutions that can be applied to overcome these problems. The results of the study indicate that the main challenges include a lack of understanding of the implementation of KKM in line with the principles of the Independent Curriculum, as well as difficulties in compiling fair and appropriate assessments. Several proposed solutions include training for educators, developing a more inclusive assessment system, and increasing cooperation between madrasas and other educational institutions. With the implementation of these solutions, it is hoped that KKM can be implemented more effectively, so that it can support the success of the Independent Curriculum in madrasas.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka (Freedom Curriculum) in developing students' attitudes and values at the junior high school level. The Kurikulum Merdeka, which focuses on student-centered and project-based learning, provides teachers with flexibility to integrate Pancasila values, such as mutual cooperation, justice, and tolerance, into learning activities. The findings indicate that this approach positively impacts students' curiosity, creativity, responsibility, as well as critical thinking and collaboration skills. Teachers play a crucial role as facilitators and role models, creating an inclusive and relevant learning environment tailored to students' needs. However, the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka faces challenges, including the readiness of human resources and infrastructure support. This study concludes that the Kurikulum Merdeka holds significant potential to shape students with strong character and global relevance, provided it is supported by collaboration among teachers, families, and communities.

The purpose of conducting research on the implementation of the PAK independent curriculum is to find out the problems in its implementation, teachers are the main implementers of this curriculum in the field. By understanding their perspectives and experiences, we can find the problems they face and what is needed for the successful implementation of the curriculum. The research method used is to use a qualitative method with a literature review approach, namely looking for sources that are considered relevant to be used as sources for writing. Based on the results obtained, there are several difficulties or problems in its implementation, for example one of them is the reduction in human resources in this case, namely educators, and other things. The Merdeka Belajar curriculum focuses on important material, is flexible for teachers and students, and is project and character-based. By increasing teacher understanding, increasing resources, increasing parental participation, and developing a more contextual curriculum, it is hoped that the quality of religious education can be improved.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) has a very important role in building students' moral values, especially in the context of education in Indonesia which is implemented based on the Independent Curriculum. This research aims to examine how the Christian Religious Education Curriculum contributes to the formation of students' moral values. This literature review explores various literature that discusses the basic concepts and principles of PAK as well as the implementation of this curriculum in moral education. Based on literature analysis, it can be concluded that the Independent Curriculum provides space for deepening moral values through a more flexible and contextual approach. In this curriculum, teachers are expected not only to convey religious teaching material but also to instill Christian values which include love, justice, forgiveness and social responsibility to students. Project-based learning, reflection, and collaboration in the classroom are some of the main strategies proposed to build student character according to the teachings of the Bible. Thus, PAK through the Merdeka Curriculum plays a significant role in forming students' moral character of quality and noble character.    

Education is important for the lives of people in a country. In order to create an educational system that is organized and has a vision, a policy in the form of a curriculum is needed. In a country that adheres to a democratic system, it is necessary to involve or participate the community in the policy formulation and implementation process. This policy paper investigates the Merdeka Curriculum policy model created and implemented by the Ministry of Education and Culture. Public policy models include top-down, bottom-up and a combination of the two. The research method used in this article is qualitative with data sources obtained from books, scientific articles, and other credible information found on the internet. In the policy formulation process, studies were conducted and the government involved parents. In addition, in the implementation process, the Merdeka Curriculum is carried out in stages with a trial period carried out by several schools called Mover Schools. In addition, the policy also has an evaluation instrument in the form of a Minimum Competency Assessment. Based on the findings related to this policy, it can be concluded that the policy model in the Merdeka Curriculum is bottom-up.  

We conducted research in schools to find out how the values of national character are implemented in the independent curriculum. National character must always exist even though the curriculum itself often changes. The values of national character that we have should not just disappear, but we must always guard them so that they are not lost. The independent curriculum certainly has done a lot to preserve the values of national character so that students can know what the values of national character are. For the research method itself, I used qualitative research methods by means of interviews and observations. In the schools where we conducted research, namely at SMAN 4 Cibinong and SMPN 4 Kota Serang, we have implemented national character values in the independent curriculum in the implementation of learning, namely honesty, creativity and religious values, for this reason we are also carrying out research activities this time focuses more on students implementing the values of our national character. Students must always apply the character values of the Indonesian nation in implementing the independent curriculum that is currently being implemented.

This study aims to look at the development of Islamic religious education materials and the problems of developing Islamic religious education materials in the independent curriculum at the MTs education unit level, this research sees the importance of a deep understanding of the development of Islamic religious education materials in schools in accordance with the independent curriculum so that learning objectives can be achieved optimally besides that there are also several challenges that hinder the development of Islamic religious education materials in accordance with the independent curriculum, The research method used in this research is library research or library studies where in finding the results of the research the data taken can be found in books and research articles and analyzing the findings, the purpose of this research is to answer problems and become reading material in developing PAI learning materials at the MTS education unit level.

This research aims to analyze the role of Driving Teachers in helping to make the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum successful in the 19 Peninjauan Elementary Schools (SD). The Independent Curriculum is an educational policy that aims to provide freedom to educational units in designing learning that is more flexible, meaningful and in accordance with the needs of students. Mobilizing Teachers, as agents of change, are expected to play an important role in the successful implementation of this curriculum. The research method used in this research is qualitative with a literature review approach. The results of the research show that the Mobilization Teacher at SDN 19 Peninjau acts as a learning facilitator, leader of change, and motivator for his colleagues in the successful implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. Mobilizing Teachers not only focus on teaching in the classroom, but also play an active role in developing the professionalism of other teachers and establishing a school culture that supports the principles of the Independent Curriculum. However, challenges such as limited resources, uneven understanding of the Independent Curriculum, and resistance to change are still the main obstacles.

The implementation of the Independent Curriculum in the field is not free from various challenges, especially for teachers who are faced with the demands of being able to develop innovative, adaptive teaching modules that are in accordance with the characteristics of students. SDN No. 10 Galung in Majene City is one of the elementary schools that also implements the Independent Curriculum. In this school, it was found that teachers' understanding and skills in developing teaching modules are still limited, so optimal training and mentoring are needed to support the successful implementation of the curriculum. This community service activity aims to optimize teachers' understanding and skills in developing the Independent Curriculum teaching modules. The methods used include training and mentoring. The results of this activity show a significant increase in teachers' ability to design and implement contextual and innovative teaching modules. This activity provides benefits for teachers in building more meaningful learning, student-centered, and in accordance with the principles of the Independent Curriculum.

Curriculum is an essential component of the education system, as the two are closely interconnected. Analogously, the curriculum can be likened to the heart in the human body. When the heart functions well, the entire body system will operate optimally. Similarly, if the curriculum is effectively implemented and supported by well-functioning elements, the learning process will run smoothly, producing high-quality learners. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how educational technology contributes to the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This qualitative research uses a literature study, also known as a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), aimed at comparing current theories with those discussed in previous research literature. The literature sources referenced come from research findings and studies published in scientific articles, accessed through electronic literature search engines such as Mendeley and Google Scholar. The results of this study show that educational technology plays a crucial role in supporting the Merdeka Curriculum, as well as having a positive impact on the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar concept in practice. The continuously evolving Merdeka Curriculum helps facilitate the integration of the latest information technology for students.

Curriculum is an essential component of the education system, as the two are closely interconnected. Analogously, the curriculum can be likened to the heart in the human body. When the heart functions well, the entire body system will operate optimally. Similarly, if the curriculum is effectively implemented and supported by well-functioning elements, the learning process will run smoothly, producing high-quality learners. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how educational technology contributes to the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. This qualitative research uses a literature study, also known as a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), aimed at comparing current theories with those discussed in previous research literature. The literature sources referenced come from research findings and studies published in scientific articles, accessed through electronic literature search engines such as Mendeley and Google Scholar. The results of this study show that educational technology plays a crucial role in supporting the Merdeka Curriculum, as well as having a positive impact on the implementation of the Merdeka Belajar concept in practice. The continuously evolving Merdeka Curriculum helps facilitate the integration of the latest information technology for students.

In education, efforts to improve student character must be made. One of the activities that follows the independent curriculum is the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile Project (P5).  In this P5 activity, students are given training that can stimulate the emergence of soft skills, namely a sense of responsibility, discipline, independence, caring, and a feeling of love for the country. It is hoped that the young generation whose love for Indonesia has emerged will have a high enthusiasm to improve their quality, by studying harder, so that they can participate in efforts to defend this country to increase the prosperity of the nation and the Indonesian state. It is recommended that activities such as P5 or LDKS be carried out periodically, with material programs arranged systematically to achieve the goals. To achieve the objectives effectively and efficiently, an activity program must be prepared such as a Training Program Outline and Learning Process Plan with a gradual and continuous implementation system.  

This study aims to test the effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) learning model with the discussion method in the experimental class compared to the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) combined with the lecture method in the control class in improving student learning outcomes in Economics. The method used was a quasi-experiment with a pre-test and post-test design, involving 30 grade X students in each group. The results showed that the application of PjBL with discussion provided a more significant increase in student learning outcomes compared to the IBL model with lectures. The PjBL model encourages students to be active, creative, and collaborative in learning, while the lecture method in IBL is more passive. In conclusion, the PjBL model with discussion is recommended to improve the quality of learning, in accordance with the Merdeka Curriculum approach which emphasizes interactive and contextual learning experiences.

After the COVID-19 pandemic, the phenomenon of loss learning forced curriculum changes to become an unavoidable necessity so that the government launched an independent curriculum. The curriculum was developed following the times. The research method used in this research is the library research method or literature study. The author concludes that the independent curriculum is expected to be able to provide concrete and meaningful and effective learning experiences in developing the skills and expertise of students as lifelong learners with Pancasila character. The independent curriculum in social studies learning that focuses on the integration of values and competencies not only encourages intellectual intelligence, but also emotional and social intelligence, such as empathy, social awareness, and effective communication skills. An active and innovative social studies curriculum in independent learning is expected to not only focus on academic achievement, but also on developing students' characters and competencies as socially responsible individuals, while supporting post-pandemic learning recovery.

The change of the curriculum to the Independent Curriculum made the National Exam (UN) officially change to the Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM). The evaluation carried out in the National Assessment consisted of reasoning ability using language (literacy), reasoning ability using mathematics (numeracy), and strengthening character education. Despite the lack of significant improvement in Indonesia's literacy, numeracy, and science skills rankings over the past 18 years, the country consistently ranks in the bottom 10 in PISA test results. Facing the current Independent curriculum, teachers must be able to teach based on literacy and numeracy skills, because this is the indicator in AKM and PISA-based assessments. If teachers master literacy and numeracy skills, then teachers can convey materials related to literacy and numeracy clearly and correctly for students. Teachers are expected to innovate to develop student competencies through various lessons through student-centred teaching. This Community Service is a community partnership program in collaboration with SMKN 3 Lhokseumawe. Service activities are by providing material on literacy and numeracy-based learning. During the service program, teachers are given knowledge about literacy and numeracy, the form of questions, and the number of percentages of questions in the AKM, which are useful for strengthening teachers' literacy and numeracy.