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In this study, it is planned to analyze teachers' and students' perceptions regarding the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum at IRE classes in MTs Tanada. In terms of method used, this study is a qualitative study carried out with field studies in which methods of observation, interviews, and documentation are included. According to the findings obtained from the study, the Merdeka Curriculum has brought about changes in the process of PAI teaching in terms of active participation of students, using digital media in learning processes, discussion activities through the P5 process. While teachers see the Merdeka Curriculum as flexible and supportive of creative learning, students see the lessons taught within the scope of this curriculum as diverse and attractive. Although the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum shows some positive aspects, it has also faced a number of challenges related to different understandings between teachers, regulations, difficulty in assessing attitudes, and the heavy workload of students. This study concluded that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Islamic Education in MTs Tanada was quite successful despite the need for improvements in teaching skills.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Dayak local wisdom values in the Merdeka Curriculum at public elementary schools in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan. Dayak local wisdom, which encompasses values such as mutual cooperation, solidarity, tolerance, environmental awareness, and respect for cultural traditions, plays a significant role in shaping students' character amid the challenges of globalization and the disruptive era. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method. The research participants include school principals, teachers, students, and educational stakeholders from several public elementary schools in Pulang Pisau Regency. Data are collected through observations, in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature reviews. Data analysis is conducted using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings are expected to provide a comprehensive description of how Dayak local wisdom values are integrated into the planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning activities within the Merdeka Curriculum framework. Furthermore, the study seeks to identify supporting and inhibiting factors affecting the implementation of local wisdom in educational practices and to formulate strategic recommendations for strengthening character education and preserving local culture in elementary schools. The results are expected to serve as a reference for educational policy development that promotes cultural preservation and enhances the quality of learning in accordance with the socio-cultural context of local communities.

Meningkatnya transaksi e-commerce di Indonesia turut diiringi oleh lonjakan kasus penipuan dalam transaksi jual beli online yang secara tidak proporsional menyasar konsumen muda dengan literasi hukum yang minim. Penelitian hukum normatif-empiris ini mengkaji efektivitas intervensi pendidikan hukum terstruktur dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) terhadap kerangka hukum yang mengatur transaksi jual beli online di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental pre-test dan post-test, data dikumpulkan dari 40 siswa SMKN 6 Kota Serang, Kecamatan Kasemen, Provinsi Banten. Program intervensi terdiri dari empat sesi terstruktur yang mencakup UU No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebagaimana diubah dengan UU No. 19 Tahun 2016, hak perlindungan konsumen berdasarkan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999, serta identifikasi tipologi penipuan yang lazim terjadi di platform jual beli digital. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan uji t berpasangan (paired sample t-test) menunjukkan peningkatan skor pengetahuan hukum yang signifikan secara statistik (p < 0,001), dengan skor rata-rata naik dari 48,3 menjadi 76,9 (skala 100), menghasilkan effect size Cohen's d sebesar 2,37. Temuan kualitatif memperlihatkan meningkatnya kemampuan peserta dalam mengidentifikasi pola transaksi berindikasi penipuan serta menyebutkan upaya hukum yang tersedia berdasarkan hukum positif Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa program pendidikan hukum terstruktur di tingkat sekolah menengah merupakan strategi efektif untuk mengurangi kerentanan remaja terhadap penipuan komersial digital, dan merekomendasikan pengintegrasian literasi hukum konsumen digital ke dalam kurikulum SMK nasional.

The quality of Catholic Religious Education learning is an important aspect in shaping students’ faith, character, knowledge, and religious life skills. However, the learning process at SMK Negeri 1 Talibura still faces various challenges, particularly in the areas of spiritual attitudes, social attitudes, Catholic religious knowledge, and religious life skills. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum (Merdeka Belajar Curriculum) and its contribution to improving the quality of Catholic Religious Education learning at SMK Negeri 1 Talibura. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, Catholic Religious Education teachers, students, and parents. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the implementation of the Independent Learning Curriculum has been carried out effectively through learning planning, learning implementation, learning assessment, and the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5). This implementation has had a positive impact on the learning process, outputs, and outcomes. Students demonstrated improvements in spiritual attitudes, social attitudes, Catholic religious knowledge, and religious life skills, as well as positive behavioral changes in their daily lives. The findings imply that the Independent Learning Curriculum can serve as an effective strategy for improving the quality of Catholic Religious Education learning in a holistic manner.

Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) has become a key objective of English language education; however, its implementation in Indonesia remains insufficiently understood. This study investigates the alignment between ICC expectations in the Kurikulum Merdeka, English textbooks, and classroom practices in Indonesian senior high schools. An exploratory sequential mixed methods design was employed, involving document analysis of four government-issued English textbooks for grades X–XII, classroom observations in 15 schools across three provinces, a survey of 87 English teachers, and in-depth interviews with 18 teachers and 36 students. The findings reveal a three-level gap. First, the curriculum acknowledges ICC but lacks clear and measurable operational guidelines. Second, textbooks predominantly emphasize Anglo-American culture (64.8% of cultural content) while providing limited representation of Indonesian and global cultures. Third, 78.2% of teachers reported not explicitly integrating cultural dimensions into English instruction, resulting in stereotypical and culturally limited classroom practices. To address these issues, the study proposes the Triangulated Cultural Literacy (TCL) framework, integrating reflection on learners’ own culture, balanced exploration of target cultures, and intercultural negotiation. The findings highlight the need to operationalize ICC in the curriculum, improve textbook cultural representation, and strengthen teachers’ intercultural pedagogical competence.

The Merdeka Curriculum introduces a paradigm shift in Indonesia's educational assessment system, moving from an outcome-oriented approach toward one that positions evaluation as an integral part of the learning process itself. This article examines how learning evaluation is implemented as an instrument to improve the quality of student learning within the Merdeka Curriculum framework. This study employs a library research method, analyzing relevant policy documents, regulations, and academic literature. The findings indicate that the Merdeka Curriculum shifts the focus of evaluation from mere measurement (assessment of learning) toward assessment as learning and assessment for learning, realized through three main forms of assessment: diagnostic, formative, and summative. Proper implementation of these three forms enables teachers to map students' individual learning needs, provide continuous feedback, and design differentiated instruction that is more relevant to learners' characteristics. However, field implementation still faces several challenges, including uneven teacher understanding, time constraints, and limited technical training in designing authentic assessment instruments. This article recommends strengthening teacher competence, providing practical technical guidance, and offering continuous mentoring as strategic steps to ensure that learning evaluation truly functions as an instrument for improving learning quality, rather than merely an administrative formality.

Artikel ini membahas pentingnya integrasi iman dan ilmu dalam kurikulum pendidikan Kristen di era digital. Dengan pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, pendidikan Kristen menghadapi tantangan dalam menjaga keseimbangan antara pengajaran nilai-nilai iman dan penerapan ilmu pengetahuan yang relevan dengan kebutuhan zaman. Dalam konteks ini, artikel ini mengeksplorasi berbagai pendekatan untuk mengintegrasikan kedua aspek tersebut, serta tantangan dan peluang yang muncul dalam implementasinya. Pembahasan juga meliputi bagaimana teknologi digital dapat menjadi alat yang efektif dalam mendukung pembelajaran berbasis iman tanpa mengorbankan kualitas akademik. Diharapkan artikel ini dapat memberikan wawasan bagi pendidik, orang tua, dan pengambil kebijakan dalam merancang kurikulum pendidikan Kristen yang responsif terhadap dinamika zaman dan tetap setia pada ajaran Kristiani.

The rapid growth of the digital era has significantly influenced Christian Religious Education (CRE), requiring curriculum transformation that integrates Christian household values into academic learning. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with an exploratory case study design to analyze the integration of family-based Christian values, such as love, open communication, and spiritual discipline, into the CRE curriculum. The findings reveal that this integration effectively nurtures Christlike character in students across cognitive, affective, and spiritual dimensions. In addition, technology-enhanced learning becomes more meaningful when it is rooted in household values that shape daily faith practices and relational responsibility. The study also indicates that the family context provides an important foundation for strengthening moral awareness, spiritual maturity, and responsible digital engagement among students. This research concludes that integrative curriculum models can develop educators who are not only theologically competent but also Christlike, adaptive, and responsive to digital challenges. Therefore, integrating Christian household values into CRE curriculum design is essential for strengthening holistic faith formation in higher education and preparing future educators to serve faithfully in contemporary digital contexts.

This study aims to map the trends, integration forms, effectiveness, and contribution of ethnomathematics in elementary school mathematics learning toward national cultural preservation. A systematic literature review (SLR) approach following the PRISMA 2020 protocol was employed. Searches across four academic databases (Scopus, Google Scholar, CrossRef, and Semantic Scholar) yielded 1,176 articles, from which 30 articles met the inclusion criteria. Results indicate that ethnomathematics research in elementary schools has increased significantly during 2023–2026, particularly following the implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka. The three most dominant forms of integration are digital modules and media (53.3%), traditional games (33.3%), and ethnomathematics-based worksheets (13.3%). Geometry and measurement is the most researched mathematics topic (50.0%), and conceptual understanding shows the most significant improvement (40.0%). Beyond improving mathematics achievement, ethnomathematics integration contributes to cultural preservation through cultural contextualization in learning (60.0%), strengthening cultural identity and values (26.7%), and active local cultural preservation (10.0%). The study recommends teacher training, curriculum policy strengthening, cross-sector collaboration, and further research to sustain ethnomathematics implementation in Indonesian elementary schools.

This article examines the dialogue between John Calvin’s educational thought and the Merdeka Curriculum within the context of Christian Religious Education (PAK) in Indonesia. Employing a qualitative-comparative approach with descriptive analysis, this study traces the points of convergence and tension between Calvin’s educational principles particularly the concept of imago Dei, holistic education, and the God-centered purpose of education and the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum such as flexibility, differentiated learning, and the Profil Pelajar Pancasila (Pancasila Student Profile). The analysis reveals significant convergence in terms of respect for the potential and uniqueness of learners, holistic educational orientation, and the role of teachers as facilitators and character formers. However, fundamental tensions also exist regarding Calvin’s theocentric theological foundation vis-à-vis the secular Pancasila foundation, the concept of discipline and authority versus student freedom, and the ultimate goal of education glorifying God versus forming the Pancasila Student Profile. Based on these findings, this article offers practical recommendations for PAK curriculum design based on the Merdeka Curriculum, a Kingdom of God-nuanced project-based learning approach, holistic assessment, and Christian character formation within the Profil Pelajar Pancasila framework. This research contributes to filling the gap in studies that dialogue the Reformed theological tradition with contemporary Indonesian national education policy.

The Merdeka Curriculum, as a new educational policy in Indonesia, emphasizes the cultivation of the Pancasila Student Profile, which is rich in citizenship values. This study aims to analyze the application of citizenship values in Pancasila and Civic Education (PPKn) learning within the framework of the Merdeka Curriculum at the high school level. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method, collecting data through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with PPKn teachers, and analysis of teaching modules and project-based learning documents (P5). The findings indicate that the application of citizenship values is primarily integrated through Project-Based Learning to Strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile (P5). Values such as mutual cooperation (gotong royong), critical reasoning (bernalar kritis), and global diversity (berkebinekaan global) are the most frequently emphasized. However, teachers face challenges, including the need to adapt pedagogical approaches, difficulties in assessing value-based outcomes authentically, and a lack of specific reference materials aligned with the new curriculum. The implication of this research is the urgent need for structured professional development for teachers and the development of comprehensive teaching guides to ensure the effective and standardized implementation of citizenship values in PPKn learning across all educational units.

Guru di sekolah dasar Tahfidz sering kali menghadapi tantangan besar dalam mengintegrasikan pengajaran Al-Qur’an dengan kemampuan pedagogik modern yang mendukung pembelajaran aktif. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi pedagogik dan profesional para guru di SD Tahfidz Ibnu Umar Karawang melalui pelatihan metode pengajaran yang bermakna dan inovatif. Permasalahan utama yang ditemukan di mitra sasaran adalah keterbatasan guru dalam menerapkan pendekatan PAIKEM serta kesulitan dalam menyusun perangkat ajar yang adaptif terhadap prinsip Kurikulum Merdeka. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah kombinasi ceramah interaktif, workshop penyusunan modul/RPP, dan praktik langsung melalui sesi microteaching. Pelatihan dilaksanakan dalam tiga sesi utama: (1) pemahaman karakteristik peserta didik usia 7–12 tahun berdasarkan aspek kognitif, sosial-emosional, dan psikomotorik; (2) desain pembelajaran bermakna (meaningful learning); serta (3) strategi pembelajaran aktif seperti Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Discovery Learning, dan pembelajaran kooperatif. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman 15 guru peserta dalam menciptakan lingkungan belajar yang berpusat pada siswa (student-centered) serta kemampuan mengintegrasikan teknologi pembelajaran modern (IPTEKS) seperti Canva dan media interaktif dalam proses KBM. Luaran dari program ini mencakup modul pelatihan pedagogik, publikasi artikel ilmiah, dan video diseminasi hasil implementasi metode pembelajaran.

Learning the History of Islamic Culture plays an important role within Malaysia’s education system. Its purpose is to help students develop a strong identity and love for their nation. In this subject, students are not merely taught facts or knowledge about past events; they are also taught moral values, ethics, and a wholesome Islamic worldview. Integrating this subject into the education curriculum aims to provide children with a comprehensive understanding of the development of Islam, both across the Nusantara region and throughout Southeast Asia as a whole. This way, students gain a broad perspective. Furthermore, this subject is designed to foster a love for knowledge in children and to encourage them to uphold Islamic teachings throughout their lives. Its teaching methods are adapted to the changing times, ensuring that the material taught remains relevant to current needs. Through learning the History of Islamic Culture, it is hoped that children will understand the role and contributions of Muslim communities in Southeast Asia, and grow up to be individuals of good character, useful to society, and able to live in harmony with others in accordance with Islamic teachings.

This study aims to examine the existence of dayah as a traditional Islamic educational institution in Aceh in facing the challenges of modernization, as well as to analyze its history, curriculum, and the dynamics of educational transformation within it. This research employs a qualitative approach through library research by collecting data from various sources such as books, scientific journals, research articles, and documents relevant to the topic. The findings indicate that dayah is one of the oldest Islamic educational institutions in Aceh that developed since the early spread of Islam in the Indonesian archipelago and has played an important role in the dissemination of Islamic teachings, moral development, and the formation of social life within the community. The educational system in dayah focuses on the study of classical Islamic texts (kitab kuning) and Islamic sciences through traditional learning methods such as halaqah, religious book studies, and direct learning with teungku or Islamic scholars. Over time, dayah institutions have undergone various transformations through the integration of general subjects, curriculum reform, and improvements in educational management systems in order to remain relevant to modern societal needs. Modernization presents challenges for dayah, particularly in maintaining a balance between tradition and educational innovation. Nevertheless, dayah continues to preserve its Islamic identity while gradually adapting to contemporary developments. Therefore, dayah not only survives as a traditional educational institution but also develops into an adaptive and relevant Islamic educational institution that continues to play a significant role in shaping character and religious values in Acehnese society.

This study aims to examine the methods, models, strategies, as well as the design and development of the Christian Religious Education curriculum within the family. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive type through library research, using data sources such as books, scientific journals, and relevant articles. The results of this study indicate that faith education in the family should be carried out holistically through various methods such as modeling, habituation, teaching, and mentoring. In addition, educational models such as the theocentric, relational, and participatory models provide clear direction in nurturing children’s faith. Effective strategies include modeling, dialogical communication, spiritual habituation, mentoring, and discipline based on love. Meanwhile, a simple family-based curriculum that includes objectives, materials, methods, media, and evaluation is essential to support a well-directed educational process. The success of Christian Religious Education in the family largely depends on the active role and consistency of parents in implementing methods, models, strategies, and curriculum in an integrated manner. With the right approach, the family can become an effective center of faith education in shaping children who are faithful, have strong character, and are prepared to face life’s challenges.

This study aims to examine the components of the Christian Religious Education (CRE) curriculum in the family, its design and development, and its concrete implementation. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive design through library research, using data sources such as books, academic journals, and relevant articles. The data were analyzed using descriptive qualitative techniques to produce a systematic and in-depth description. The findings show that the CRE curriculum in the family consists of interconnected components, namely objectives, content, strategies, methods, and evaluation, which must be implemented in an integrated manner. Faith education in the family is carried out through methods such as role modeling, habituation, teaching, discussion, mentoring, and practical application. Effective strategies include parental role modeling, dialogical communication, and love-based discipline. The implementation of the curriculum is realized through concrete activities such as family prayer, family worship, Bible reading, and the application of Christian values in daily life. In conclusion, the success of Christian Religious Education in the family largely depends on the active role and consistency of parents in implementing the curriculum in a holistic and continuous manner. With the right approach, the family can become an effective center of faith education in shaping children who are faithful, character-driven, and prepared to face life’s challenges.

The Early Childhood Education (PAUD) curriculum plays an important role in shaping young children’s learning experiences. However, in practice, there are still several challenges, such as a lack of meaningful learning and the suboptimal integration of nationalism values. Therefore, curriculum innovation is needed to incorporate approaches that align with children’s characteristics.This study aims to analyze and develop the concept of transforming the PAUD curriculum based on a multisensory music approach as an effort to strengthen nationalism values in early childhood. The method used is a library research approach by reviewing various sources, including scientific journals, books, and relevant previous studies. The data analysis technique is conducted descriptively and qualitatively through processes of organizing, categorizing, and interpreting data.The results of the study indicate that a multisensory music-based approach can enhance children’s engagement, participation, and understanding in learning. The integration of audio, visual, and kinesthetic elements has proven effective in stimulating children’s motor, cognitive, and affective development. In addition, the use of audio-visual media helps children understand nationalism values in a more concrete and meaningful way.In conclusion, transforming the PAUD curriculum through a multisensory music-based approach is an effective strategy to create enjoyable and holistic learning experiences while strengthening the internalization of nationalism values from an early age.

 Penelitian ini bertujuan mengimplementasikan pendidikan dasar anak usia dini antara 3-6 tahun berlandaskan pada Ulangan 6:6-9 di PAUD Kristen Agape Sentani.  Pendidikan anak usia dini merupakan tahap pendidikan yang sangat fundamental dalam membentuk dasar perkembangan kognitif, sosial-emosional, moral, dan spiritual anak. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurangnya pengasuhan positif dan minimnya pembentukan nilai moral sejak usia dini dapat meningkatkan risiko munculnya perilaku menyimpang, kesulitan pengendalian emosi, serta masalah penyesuaian sosial pada masa remaja dan dewasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan pengumpulan data melalui penelusuran pustaka yang relevan. Penerapan prinsip nilai Ulangan 6:6-9 dalam pendidikan anak usia dini dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan Firman Tuhan yang harus diajarkan berulang-ulang secara konsisten dalam seluruh aktivitas pembelajaran. Prinsip ulangan 6:6-9 menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan iman harus hadir dalam setiap rutinitas sehingga anak dapat mencerminkan iman dalam lingkungan sekolah yang menciptakan suasana kelas penuh kasih, aman, dan menyenangkan. Ketika prinsip-prinsip ini diimplementasikan secara konsisten melalui kurikulum, metode pembelajaran, lingkungan belajar, dan kemitraan dengan orang tua, PAUD Kristen Kasih Agape Sentani akan mampu mewujudkan visinya dalam membentuk generasi yang mengenal dan mengasihi Tuhan sejak usia dini.

This study aims to analyze the integration of policy, curriculum, and school culture in realizing an environmentally friendly school at SDN Tanggul Wetan 2. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study type. The research subjects included the principal, teachers, students, program coordinators, and parents. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the school policy has integrated environmental care values ​​through the Adiwiyata program supported by external partnerships and periodic evaluations. The curriculum implementation was carried out contextually by integrating environmental materials into various subjects and using project-based learning methods. School culture is realized through habituation of activities such as community service, waste sorting, and energy saving which have an impact on changes in student behavior. Supporting factors include the principal's leadership, teacher participation, parental support, and the school environment, while inhibiting factors include the lack of consistent student habits. Thus, the integration of policy, curriculum, and school culture has proven to be key in building a sustainable environmentally friendly character.

This article examines needs analysis and curriculum analysis as the foundational bases for developing effective teaching materials. Using a library research method, this study reviews various scientific journal articles, reference books, and relevant official documents. Needs analysis is a systematic process conducted to identify the gap between students' current conditions and the competencies they are expected to achieve, serving as the most critical stage in determining the direction of teaching material development. Meanwhile, curriculum analysis is carried out to ensure that the teaching materials developed remain aligned with competency standards, learning outcomes, content structure, and applicable educational policies. The integration of both analyses produces teaching materials that are not only contextually relevant to students' real conditions but also consistent with curriculum demands. Systematic steps in this integration including learner characteristic analysis, curriculum document review, material priority mapping, and authentic assessment design significantly contribute to improving the quality, effectiveness, and meaningfulness of learning. This article concludes that needs analysis and curriculum analysis are inseparable and must be conducted systematically before the development of teaching materials begins.