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The rapid advancement of technology has made it easier for the public to access online loans (pinjol), but it has also increased the risk of misuse by illegal entities. The Financial Services Authority (OJK) recorded that from 2018 to 2022, it shut down 4,265 illegal online lending platforms. However, many cases continue to emerge due to the ease of creating applications and the use of overseas servers. Teachers are among the most affected victims due to low salaries and high living costs. The impacts of illegal online loans are highly detrimental, including the leakage of personal data, threats, intimidation, and excessively high interest rates. Education is crucial to prevent new victims. Isometric motion graphics are chosen as a medium because of their advantages in delivering information through engaging, clear, and easily understood visual and audio elements that are sustainable for audiences.

Abstract. This study originates from the low awareness among early childhood learners regarding the importance of consuming nutritious and minimally processed Real Food. The purpose of this design project is to create an engaging educational medium in the form of a 2D animation titled “Kebun Imajinasi: Teman Realfoodku” to introduce the concept of Real Food to five-year-old children. A mixed-method approach (qualitative and quantitative) was applied through observation, interviews, and questionnaires involving children, parents, and professional animators. The collected data served as the foundation for designing characters, storylines, illustration styles, colors, and audio suitable for young audiences. The results show that 2D animation featuring bright visuals, playful characters, and educational narration effectively increases children’s interest and understanding of healthy food. The implication of this study highlights the potential of animation as an effective visual communication tool to promote nutritional education and healthy lifestyle habits from an early age.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has significantly influenced students’ learning behavior while gradually reducing their interest in local cultural education, including the study of the Javanese script. This phenomenon is evident at SDIP Haji Muhammad Subandi, where most students still struggle to recognize, read, and understand Javanese characters due to the limited use of engaging and interactive learning media. To address this issue, a 2D educational game was developed as an innovative, contextual, and enjoyable learning medium that integrates cultural elements into an interactive digital learning experience. The design and development process employed the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) method, which consists of six stages: concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The game was built using Unity software to produce dynamic visuals, responsive controls, and supporting audio elements that enhance the immersive quality of gameplay. The educational game enables students to learn Javanese script through interactive play activities, including letter recognition, pronunciation practice, and quiz-based challenges. Each component was designed to strengthen cognitive understanding while increasing students’ intrinsic motivation to learn. Expert validation results indicated that the game met the “highly feasible” criteria as a learning medium, while user testing showed notable improvements in motivation, engagement, and learning enjoyment. Overall, this educational game not only enhances learning effectiveness but also contributes to the preservation and revitalization of the Javanese script as part of Indonesia’s cultural heritage in the digital era. Therefore, this game-based learning approach serves as an adaptive and culturally grounded educational innovation for primary-level students

Animated films are not only a medium of entertainment but also an effective tool for delivering moral, social, and educational values through innovative storytelling and engaging visual styles. In Indonesia, although many animated films are broadcast on national television, only a limited number originate from domestic creators. This condition highlights the need to strengthen local creative content that reflects Indonesia’s cultural and environmental identity. The present design project aims to develop an alternative television program in the form of a 2D animated film that emphasizes the preservation of Mentilin, an endemic animal of Bangka Island, while simultaneously serving as an educational medium for the local community. The research and design process employed a qualitative approach, focusing on data collection through observation, interviews, and literature review to identify effective strategies for socialization and education. The animation production of Mentilin, The Tiny Tarsier was carried out in three main stages: pre-production, including concept development and storyboarding; production, involving character design, background creation, and animation; and post-production, which covered editing, sound design, and final rendering. The preliminary evaluation indicated that the animation successfully captured local cultural elements and delivered messages about environmental awareness in an engaging manner. This design is expected not only to provide a creative educational platform for the community but also to contribute to the broader efforts of environmental preservation and the development of Indonesia’s animation industry. Furthermore, the program has the potential to be expanded as a replicable model for other regions in promoting endemic species conservation through creative media.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition that requires optimal adherence to pharmacological treatment to prevent disease progression and complications. This study aims to analyze the level of adherence to anti-diabetic medication among T2DM patients and to explore the association between the experience of medication side effects and adherence levels. A descriptive-analytic cross-sectional design was employed, involving 97 T2DM patients in Bandung Regency and Bandung City, Indonesia. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-Square test. The results revealed that 53.6% of respondents exhibited low medication adherence. The majority reported having diabetes-related complications (88.7%) and experiencing medication side effects (57.7%). A significant positive association was found between medication side effects and adherence level (p = 0.039), indicating that patients who experienced side effects tended to be more adherent. Demographic factors such as place of residence, gender, and age showed no significant association with adherence. The findings suggest that side effects may hinder adherence; however, awareness of the body’s response to medication, including side effects, may also serve as a motivator for adherence.

When producing a perfect product, design process namely 2D modeling and 3D drawing, are closely related. The purpose of this study is to design a 3D model of a gun mastering machine product as a fan drive using CAD applications. The method of this study is decision data on API production (analytical product inspection). Measurement of sterling machine degradation using CPK (deviation) received results of -0.97, -0.22, 0.86, 0.11, 0.11 between zero and what indicates this specification. On average, the results of the stirling fluid fluorescent agent measurement are red numbers indicating that the survey dimensions are absent, especially from the basic dimensions of point 4, with samples 2, 3, and 5 exceeding the specified tolerance limits.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, anemia, nephrotic syndrome, and urinary tract infection (UTI) are interrelated clinical conditions frequently encountered in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This case report presents a 33-year-old woman who was admitted with complaints of generalized weakness, accompanied by headache, generalized edema, and pruritus. Laboratory findings revealed hyperglycemia (>300 mg/dL), elevated blood pressure (210/120 mmHg), increased urea and creatinine levels, 2+ proteinuria, and microcytic hypochromic anemia (hemoglobin ranging from 7.9 to 9.9 g/dL). Urinalysis showed leukocyturia, hyaline casts, and bacteriuria. The patient was diagnosed with uncontrolled T2DM, hypertensive urgency, microcytic hypochromic anemia, nephrotic syndrome, and UTI. Management included basal-bolus insulin regimen, combined antihypertensive therapy, packed red cell transfusions, and supportive treatments. Throughout the hospitalization, improvements were observed in hemoglobin levels and blood pressure, although subjective symptoms such as fatigue and headache remained fluctuating. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive and multidisciplinary management in patients with complex multisystem chronic conditions to prevent complications and improve clinical outcomes.

The coastal area of Manado City, particularly the estuary of the Bailang River in Bunaken District, frequently experiences inundation due to the complex interaction between river discharge and tidal fluctuations. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution and extent of flooding resulting from the combination of river discharge and tides, as well as to evaluate mitigation strategies based on numerical modeling results. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model was developed using MIKE 21 Flow Model FM HD, utilizing topographic and bathymetric data from DEMNAS and BATNAS, along with 2023 river discharge and tidal data. Simulations were conducted for existing conditions, minimum discharge with maximum tide, and maximum discharge with maximum tide. The results show that tidal influence significantly contributes to the increase in flood extent and duration, especially when high river discharge coincides with peak tidal conditions. The most affected areas are Kelurahan Molas and Tumumpa, located along the riverbanks and near the fish auction port, with inundation covering up to 4.973 hectares and water depths exceeding 0.5 meters. Recommended mitigation strategies include river normalization and the implementation of a real-time hydrodynamic early warning system. This study supports flood risk management and coastal spatial planning, serving as a technical reference for local government policy-making.

Background: In 2021, there were 19.5 million diagnosed cases of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in Indonesia. In Riau Province, T2DM ranked fifth among the most common conditions treated at community health centers in 2022. Obesity, a major risk factor for T2DM, had a national adult prevalence of 21.8% (Riskesdas 2018) and 24.1% in Riau. At Puskesmas Karya Wanita, 483 new T2DM cases were recorded in 2024, with 434 patients having a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². The productive age group is particularly at risk for obesity and T2DM, yet screening remains suboptimal. Therefore, research on the relationship between obesity and T2DM at this primary healthcare facility is essential.Objective: To determine the association between obesity and the incidence of T2DM among individuals of productive age at Puskesmas Rawat Inap Karya Wanita, Pekanbaru.Methods: This was a quantitative analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The sample included productive age outpatients at the general clinic of Puskesmas Karya Wanita, selected using quota sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (Chi-square test), and Odds Ratio analyses.Results: A significant association was found between obesity and T2DM (p = 0.0029), with an Odds Ratio of 4.517.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between obesity and T2DM in the productive age group. Individuals with obesity are 4.517 times more likely to develop T2DM compared to those without obesity.

This study aims to evaluate user satisfaction with the Inspekta Application at PT PLN UP2D S2JB using the PIECES Framework approach, which covers six key aspects: Performance, Information, Economy, Control, Efficiency, and Service. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to 30 respondents who are active users of the application. The analysis results show that all PIECES indicators scored in the "satisfied" category, with the highest score in the efficiency aspect (4.14) and the lowest in the economic aspect (3.80). Although the Inspekta application has generally had a positive impact on operational efficiency and reporting processes, improvements are still needed in data security and technical support. This study offers strategic recommendations to enhance application quality and support the organization’s overall performance.

This study aims to improve business process efficiency in the PLN Mobile application through the implementation of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). PLN Mobile is a digital innovation by PT PLN (Persero) that allows customers to access services such as bill payment, outage reporting, and service requests. However, various challenges remain, including slow processing times, lack of system integration, and inefficient workflows. The research was conducted at PT PLN (Persero) UP2D S2JB using observation, interviews, and literature review. The results indicate that modeling business processes using BPMN effectively maps workflows, identifies bottlenecks, and offers digital-based solutions. The application of BPMN has been shown to increase transparency, reduce input errors, and accelerate customer service processes. This study recommends ongoing optimization through enhanced analytics features, system security, and regular training for operational staff.

Banjir merupakan bencana hidrometeorologi yang paling sering terjadi di Indonesia, dengan frekuensi kejadian yang terus meningkat setiap tahun. Dalam perencanaan infrastruktur, khususnya bangunan air, analisis banjir penting untuk menjamin keamanan struktur. HEC-RAS 2D banyak digunakan dalam pemodelan banjir karena efisien dan mampu memodelkan sebaran genangan secara akurat. Salah satu tantangan utama adalah keterbatasan data berkualitas, seperti Digital Elevation Model (DEM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pemodelan banjir menggunakan HEC-RAS 2D pada perencanaan jembatan di Sungai Mempawah sebagai bagian dari desain awal jalan hauling pengangkutan bauksit di Kabupaten Mempawah, Kalimantan Barat, serta mengevaluasi kombinasi DEMNAS dan data terestris untuk mengatasi keterbatasan data. Analisis hidrologi menggunakan metode hujan-limpasan dan hidrograf debit menggunakan metode Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis Snyder. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan konfigurasi mesh 5×5 m, interval komputasi 10 detik, koefisien Manning 0.06 dan periode ulang 100 tahun. Luas DAS sebesar 1324,09 km², curah hujan rencana 234.5 mm, dan debit puncak 2733.48 m³/s. Muka air banjir mencapai +39 meter, kedalaman 15 m, dan kecepatan 4.48 m/s. Freeboard antara muka air dan jembatan hanya 0.3 meter, di bawah standar minimum 0.5 meter, sehingga perlu penyesuaian desain. Kombinasi DEMNAS dan data terestris terbukti efektif dalam pemodelan banjir.

Penelitian ini mengevaluasi dan membandingkan strategi pengendalian banjir di kawasan Sungai Cikeruh, Sapan, Kabupaten Bandung, yang rawan banjir akibat luapan sungai dan perubahan tata guna lahan. Analisis hidrologi menggunakan data curah hujan maksimum tahunan (2001–2023) menunjukkan bahwa distribusi Gumbel paling sesuai untuk menentukan hujan rencana. Debit puncak banjir periode ulang 20 tahun diperoleh sebesar 150 m³/s menggunakan metode Hidrograf Satuan Sintetis (SCS) yang telah dikalibrasi. Simulasi hidraulika dengan HEC-RAS 2D membandingkan kondisi existing dengan dua alternatif: pembangunan tanggul dan normalisasi sungai. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan tanggul efektif menghilangkan genangan, sementara normalisasi sungai meningkatkan kapasitas aliran dari 75 m³/s menjadi 136,67 m³/s, meskipun terdapat kebocoran pada drainase kecil. Evaluasi alternatif menggunakan metode Weighted Average berdasarkan tujuh kriteria, termasuk efektivitas, biaya, dan dampak sosial. Hasilnya, pembangunan tanggul dipilih sebagai solusi paling efektif dan efisien. Penelitian ini memberikan rekomendasi teknis dalam perencanaan pengendalian banjir Sapan, dengan penekanan pada pentingnya pemeliharaan sistem secara berkelanjutan.

An open pit exploitation activity will become less effective and cause production to not run well, resulting in the failure to meet production targets at PT. Indominco Mandiri. Therefore, to achieve production targets and obtain more optimal results, we need to plan the Design Pit Limit. The purpose of this research is to optimize the pit, find the BESR value, and compare the differences between two methods. The Lerch Grossman 2D algorithm method is believed to be able to determine the optimal pit boundary quite quickly, while the Minescape with its triangle method can calculate some unreadable sides quite accurately. The Lerch Grossman method with its economic blocks indicates that an elevation of 72 mdpl is the outer boundary of the pit that has the potential to generate a profit of $20,194,836.59, with the best consideration being a Stripping Ratio of 1:21.08. With that lower limit, an optimal pit design was created using minescape software, resulting in a coal reserve value of 1,581,870.42 tons with a profit of $14,590,646.75, which is larger and with a smaller SR of 1:19.06.

Prolactin, a hormone primarily known for its important role in lactation and reproductive function have recently been implicated in metabolic-processes including glucose regulation. This study aims to investigation the relationship between serum prolactin levels and markers of glucose metabolism—specifically HbA1c and fasting blood glucose (FBG)—in women with T2DM. A cross sectional study was conducted on 100 adult female patients with T2DM, aged 35–50 years. Participants were classified based on HbA1c into three groups: good (≤7.0%), moderate (7.1–8.5%), and poor (≥8.6%) glycemic control. They were also stratified into low, normal, and high prolactin level groups. Serum prolactin was measured by ELISA, HbA1c by HPLC, and FBG using an automated analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed with significance at p ≤ 0.05. Although prolactin levels tended to increase with worsening HbA1c, the difference among HbA1c groups was not statistically significant. However, when stratified by prolactin levels, women in the high prolactin group had significantly higher HbA1c (7.38 ± 1.07%) and FBG (163.21 ± 25.23 mg/dL) compared to those in the low prolactin group (HbA1c: 6.82 ± 0.91%, FBG: 149.22 ± 22.24 mg/dL; p = 0.041 and p = 0.040, respectively). Elevated serum prolactin levels may be associated with poorer glycemic control in women with T2DM. These results showing the potential-role of prolactin hormone as a supplementary test in measuring glucose metabolism.

This research is a study in the field of Public Administration aimed at describing community empowerment management through the Holistic Village Development and Empowerment Program (PHP2D) in the development of Kebon Winduaji Coffee in Winduaji Village, Paguyangan District, Brebes Regency in 2020. The research method employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. The research targets were stakeholders involved in community empowerment activities through the PHP2D program. The selection of informants in this study used purposive sampling technique. Data sources for the research utilized both primary and secondary data. This research focused on aspects including available strengths and opportunities, while simultaneously minimizing weaknesses and threats faced in the development of Kebon Winduaji Coffee. Data analysis used an interactive model with descriptive design. The research findings indicate that successful community empowerment through local products requires a balance between two important elements: preserving local culture and traditions, and adapting to contemporary market demands. The long-term success of community empowerment programs depends not only on the availability of funding and support from various parties. More importantly, it is the ability to build a robust system that can withstand various external changes, while maintaining the distinctive characteristics and authenticity of local products as a sustainable competitive advantage.

This research is a study in the field of Public Administration aimed at describing community empowerment management through the Holistic Village Development and Empowerment Program (PHP2D) in the development of Kebon Winduaji Coffee in Winduaji Village, Paguyangan District, Brebes Regency in 2020. The research method employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. The research targets were stakeholders involved in community empowerment activities through the PHP2D program. The selection of informants in this study used purposive sampling technique. Data sources for the research utilized both primary and secondary data. This research focused on aspects including available strengths and opportunities, while simultaneously minimizing weaknesses and threats faced in the development of Kebon Winduaji Coffee. Data analysis used an interactive model with descriptive design. The research findings indicate that successful community empowerment through local products requires a balance between two important elements: preserving local culture and traditions, and adapting to contemporary market demands. The long-term success of community empowerment programs depends not only on the availability of funding and support from various parties. More importantly, it is the ability to build a robust system that can withstand various external changes, while maintaining the distinctive characteristics and authenticity of local products as a sustainable competitive advantage.

This research aims to find out how Microsoft Mathematics can serve as a supporting media in developing students' mathematics learning. The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method was used in this study by reviewing various relevant scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025. The researcher took 10 main articles to be thoroughly analyzed. The selection of literature was done through several stages, namely identification, screening, feasibility test, and data synthesis, using predetermined inclusion and exclusion standards. The results of the analysis showed that the use of Microsoft Mathematics can improve understanding of mathematical concepts, problem-solving skills, and learning motivation. In addition, due to its interactive features, such as equation solver, scientific calculator, and 2D/3D graphs, this program is considered effective in visualizing abstract mathematical concepts.

Nutritional issues in Indonesia continue to pose a significant public health challenge and necessitate early educational interventions. Children aged 7 to 9, categorized as part of Generation Alpha, are digital natives who are beginning to develop logical thinking abilities and demonstrate a strong preference for audiovisual content. In response, a two-dimensional digital animation entitled “MIGI: Makan Minum Bergizi” was developed as an educational medium. This project aims to implement the animation principles of appeal, exaggeration, and squash & stretch, which serve as the foundation for communication and visual quality in animation. The animation was produced using Adobe After Effects with the keyframe animation technique, resulting in the application of the appeal principle through uniquely simple internal organ character designs, bright and contrasting color palettes, and the use of symbolic language relevant to the target audience. The exaggeration principle was applied to dramatize movement and emotional shifts, while squash & stretch was implemented using scale transformation and puppet tools, maintaining volume consistency. These three animation principles were consciously and conceptually applied to enhance the visual appeal and communicative effectiveness of the educational message, making the work an engaging and potentially impactful learning medium.

Landslides or commonly called landslides are a disaster that often hits areas with tropical climates. The damage caused by landslides is most dominantly structural damage such as damaged road sections that are cut off. At the research location, there was a landslide that resulted in the obstruction of the road flow which was originally two lanes to one lane, it is feared that landslides will occur again, so one of the landslide prevention techniques is to use retaining walls. Based on this, this study is deemed necessary to determine the slope safety factor and to determine the safety of the slope after using retaining walls. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of slope safety without being given a load, the level of slope safety after being given a load of 25 Kpa and the level of slope safety after being given a load of 25 kpa and the addition of a retaining wall on the research slope using a Retaining Wall. In this study using the Finite Element Method in the calculation to find the level of safety of a slope, the researcher used the help of Plaxis 2D V20 Software, and the results of the calculation obtained a slope safety factor of 1.31, after being given a load of 25 kpa the slope safety factor was 1.14 and after being given a retaining wall the slope safety factor increased to 2.46.